A resource management method, system, device and medium of an underwater acoustic sensor network

Abstract

The application discloses a resource management method, system and device of an underwater acoustic sensor network and a medium, and is applied to the field of underwater network resource management. The application needs to judge whether the topology structure of the underwater acoustic sensor network is changed. If the topology structure is changed, the sending power is calculated according to the underwater acoustic communication model, and information with the sending power is sent. If the topology structure is not changed, it is judged whether feedback information from a corresponding receiving node is received. If the feedback information is not received, the step according to the underwater acoustic communication model is returned. If the feedback information is received, information with the sending power is sent through the corresponding relationship between the feedback information and the sending power. The application couples two power control methods, solves the challenge brought by unstable underwater acoustic communication channel quality to underwater resource management, and considers an actual underwater acoustic channel state, node limited energy and a resource management method of underwater acoustic sensor network application demand, reasonably utilizes limited energy of the underwater node, meets the communication quality requirement and prolongs the network survival time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underwater network resource management, and in particular to a resource management method, system, device and medium for underwater acoustic sensor networks. Background Technology

[0002] With the ever-increasing demand for ocean exploration and development, there is a growing need for marine observation data to analyze the marine environment and seabed topography. Underwater acoustic sensor networks are a crucial tool for advancing ocean exploration. These networks consist of sensor nodes with sensing and communication capabilities, communicating with each other via seawater and transmitting data through sound waves. Unlike terrestrial wireless communication environments, underwater acoustic channels are characterized by long propagation delays, high time-varying characteristics, high attenuation, and strong noise. Furthermore, due to size limitations, nodes have limited energy capacity, and charging and battery replacement are difficult after deployment. Therefore, it is essential to make efficient use of limited energy to extend network service time.

[0003] In recent years, most existing methods employ centralized power control, which involves deploying a central control node with strong computing power and sufficient energy within the underwater network. This node is often referred to as an underwater base station or underwater central control node. This type of node collects energy and power information from all nodes in the network and allocates transmission power to nodes based on network lifetime and communication quality requirements. While this centralized control method can accurately and efficiently utilize the nodes' precious energy, it introduces a communication load and consumes communication resources due to the frequent information exchange between nodes and the central control node. Furthermore, transmitting energy information also consumes additional energy. Moreover, feedback-based power control methods fail when channel conditions deteriorate or feedback information is lost. Most existing methods adjust power based on communication feedback information. Given a transmitting node and a receiving node in the network, these two nodes form a transmit-receive pair. The transmitting node sends data to the receiving node, and the receiving node provides feedback to the transmitting node, including whether the communication was successful and the signal strength at the receiving node. The transmitting node adjusts its transmission power based on the feedback. This method does not fully consider the time-varying characteristics of underwater acoustic channels and ignores the inherent instability of underwater acoustic communication. If the receiving node's feedback information is not received by the transmitting node, then the node's power selection cannot be guided. Some methods calculate the transmission power solely based on the communication distance. This method is the simplest, not based on any feedback information, but it has a large error because it fails to consider the time-varying characteristics of the underwater acoustic channel. Furthermore, the underwater acoustic communication environment contains unpredictable environmental noise and communication interference from other acoustic entities. Always calculating the transmission power based on the propagation model may lead to communication failure when the communication environment deteriorates, wasting all the energy used for the transmission. Conversely, when the communication environment improves, the transmission power used may be too high, wasting valuable energy resources and interfering with the communication of other potential acoustic entities.

[0004] Existing research often employs power adjustment algorithms based on routing information. During the initialization phase, each node is assigned a maximum level, with each level corresponding to a different transmission power. A higher level indicates a greater distance from the sink node (receiving node), requiring a higher transmission power. After initialization, the sink node broadcasts a signal packet to all sensor nodes using the lowest transmission power level. The packet indicates the corresponding level number, with the lowest level corresponding to number 1. Nodes receiving the packet compare the level number in the signal packet with the strength of their own signal, selecting the smaller one as their own level. Subsequently, the sink node gradually increases its transmission power, carrying the corresponding level in the signal packet. Once the sink node has transmitted signal packets using all power levels, the level allocation is complete. Sensor nodes then select the corresponding transmission power based on the final determined level. This method has several drawbacks. First, it requires an additional level allocation phase after network deployment. If the topology changes or new nodes are added, level allocation needs to be re-performed, reducing network efficiency and making it unscalable. Furthermore, it relies on feedback information to adaptively adjust transmission power but does not consider the possibility of feedback signal loss, which is common in complex underwater acoustic communication environments. The loss of feedback information may cause the power control algorithm to fail. Furthermore, it does not consider that the communication distance between nodes may change as network topology and application requirements evolve, thus necessitating the use of different operating frequencies. Since this method is also centralized, it shares the advantages and disadvantages of centralized methods.

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned technologies, finding a resource management method for underwater acoustic sensor networks is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a resource management method, system, device, and medium for underwater acoustic sensor networks. This application couples two power control methods to extend the network lifetime.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a resource management method for underwater acoustic sensor networks, comprising:

[0008] Determine whether the topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network has changed;

[0009] If so, then calculate the transmission power according to the underwater acoustic communication model, and send information with the transmission power.

[0010] If not, determine whether feedback information has been received from the corresponding receiving node;

[0011] If not received, return to the step of calculating the transmission power according to the underwater acoustic communication model and sending information with the transmission power;

[0012] If received, information containing the transmission power is sent based on the correspondence between the feedback information and the transmission power.

[0013] Preferably, the feedback information includes: communication success and communication failure.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission power is calculated based on the underwater acoustic communication model, and information with the transmission power is transmitted, including:

[0015] Compare the transmission power with the transmission power of the previous time slot;

[0016] When the transmission power is greater than the transmission power of the previous time slot, the transmission power is selected as the transmission power of the current time slot, and the transmission power of the current time slot is remarked as the steady-state flag.

[0017] When the transmission power is less than the transmission power of the previous time slot, the transmission power of the previous time slot is selected as the transmission power of the current time slot, and the transmission power of the current time slot is remarked as the steady-state flag.

[0018] If communication fails, return to the step of calculating the transmit power.

[0019] Preferably, information containing transmission power is transmitted based on the correspondence between feedback information and transmission power, including:

[0020] If communication in the previous time slot was successful, the transmission power of the previous time slot is reduced and used as the transmission power of the current time slot, and information with the transmission power of the current time slot is sent.

[0021] Preferably, after reducing the transmission power of the previous time slot to the transmission power of the current time slot and transmitting information carrying the transmission power of the current time slot if communication in the previous time slot was successful, the method further includes:

[0022] Determine whether the current time slot has successfully communicated;

[0023] If so, reduce the transmission power of the current time slot as the transmission power of the next time slot, and send information with the transmission power of the next time slot;

[0024] If not, maintain the transmission power of the previous time slot, re-mark the transmission power of the previous time slot as the steady-state flag, and transmit information with the transmission power of the previous time slot.

[0025] Preferably, transmitting information containing transmission power based on the correspondence between feedback information and transmission power further includes:

[0026] If the previous time slot communication failed, and the current time slot communication also failed;

[0027] Then, the transmission power of the previous time slot is increased and used as the transmission power of the next time slot. The transmission power of the next time slot is re-marked as the degradation flag bit, and information with the transmission power of the next time slot is transmitted.

[0028] Preferably, before determining whether the topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network has changed, the method further includes:

[0029] Send information with initial power and mark the initial power as a steady-state flag.

[0030] To address the above problems, this application also provides a resource management system for an underwater acoustic sensor network, comprising:

[0031] The first judgment module is used to determine whether the topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network has changed;

[0032] The first transmitting module, if the first judging module is yes, is used to calculate the transmitting power according to the underwater acoustic communication model and transmit information containing the transmitting power;

[0033] The second judgment module, if the first judgment module is negative, is used to determine whether feedback information has been received from the corresponding receiving node;

[0034] If the second judgment module is negative, then return to the first sending module;

[0035] The second sending module, if the second judgment module is yes, is used to send information with transmission power based on the correspondence between feedback information and transmission power.

[0036] To address the aforementioned issues, this application also provides a resource management device for an underwater acoustic sensor network, including a memory for storing computer programs;

[0037] A processor, used to execute computer programs, provides steps for implementing resource management in an underwater acoustic sensor network.

[0038] To address the aforementioned issues, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for resource management of an underwater acoustic sensor network.

[0039] This application provides a resource management method for underwater acoustic sensor networks. The method first determines whether the network topology has changed. If it has, the transmission power is calculated based on the underwater acoustic communication model, and information containing this power is transmitted. If the topology remains unchanged, the method checks for feedback from the corresponding receiving node. If no feedback is received, the method returns to the previous steps of calculating the transmission power and transmitting information containing this power. If feedback is received, information containing this power is transmitted based on the correspondence between the feedback and the transmission power. This application couples two power control methods, addressing the challenges to underwater resource management caused by unstable underwater acoustic communication channel quality. Furthermore, it considers the actual underwater acoustic channel state, the limited energy of nodes, and the application requirements of the underwater acoustic sensor network, rationally utilizing the limited energy of underwater nodes to meet communication quality requirements and extend network lifetime. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a resource management method for an underwater acoustic sensor network provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 A flowchart of the sending node in the resource management method of the underwater acoustic sensor network provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 A flowchart of the receiving node in the resource management method of the underwater acoustic sensor network provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 A block diagram of a resource management system for an underwater acoustic sensor network provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a resource management device for an underwater acoustic sensor network provided in another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0047] The core of this application is to provide a resource management method, system, device, and medium for underwater acoustic sensor networks.

[0048] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] Figure 1 A flowchart of the resource management method for an underwater acoustic sensor network provided in the embodiments of this application is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps.

[0050] S10: Determine whether the topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network has changed.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, the underwater acoustic sensor network is a relatively stable and fixed structure. The distance between each node is also relatively fixed, so the energy transmitted between nodes in the same scene is also relatively fixed.

[0052] The topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network in this embodiment is equivalent to that of an underwater acoustic sensor network. When the distance between nodes changes, it indicates a change in the topology. When the distance between nodes does not change, it indicates that the topology remains unchanged.

[0053] The method described in this application can be applied to various network topologies, such as point-to-point communication networks, cluster networks, chain networks, tree networks, star networks, and mesh networks. This application is not limited to any particular topology; users can choose the appropriate topology based on their needs.

[0054] Furthermore, the method proposed in this application is not limited to any underwater acoustic communication protocol, such as contention- and non-contention-based media access control protocols, dynamic and static routing protocols, etc. Users can choose according to their needs.

[0055] S11: If so, calculate the transmission power according to the underwater acoustic communication model, and send information with the transmission power.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, calculating the transmission power based on the underwater acoustic communication model and transmitting information containing that power can be called an open-loop power control method. When it is determined in S10 that the topology has changed, the open-loop power control method is entered. First, an underwater acoustic channel model is constructed. Based on the model, the transmission power can be calculated. The transmitting node then sends information containing the calculated transmission power to the corresponding receiving node.

[0057] In the propagation model constructed in this application, the Thorp model is used to calculate the propagation loss. Alternative models include the Schulkin & Marsh model, the Fisher & Simmons model, the Francois & Garrison model, and the Ainslie & McColm model. This application does not limit the type of model; users can choose according to their needs.

[0058] The information may include numbers and data, or other relevant information, which is not limited in this application.

[0059] S12: If not, determine whether feedback information has been received from the corresponding receiving node.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, if the topology remains unchanged during step S10, the system continues to determine whether the sending node has received feedback information from the corresponding receiving node. Receiving feedback information indicates a good channel condition, while not receiving feedback information indicates a poor communication condition.

[0061] The method proposed in this application can be applied to various types of underwater nodes that use underwater acoustic communication for data interaction, including fixed nodes without active mobility, remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), and unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs).

[0062] If no signal is received, return to the step of calculating the transmission power based on the underwater acoustic communication model and sending information containing the transmission power.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, if no feedback information is received, it indicates that the communication status is poor, and the process returns to the open-loop power control step, which is to calculate the transmission power according to the underwater acoustic communication model and send information with the transmission power.

[0064] S13: If received, then send information containing the transmission power based on the correspondence between the feedback information and the transmission power.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, receiving feedback information indicates that the communication status is good. The correspondence between feedback information and transmission power, and the transmission of information with corresponding transmission power, can be termed closed-loop power control. In the S12 determination, if feedback is received, the closed-loop power control method proceeds.

[0066] This application provides a resource management method for underwater acoustic sensor networks. The method first determines whether the network topology has changed. If it has, the transmission power is calculated based on the underwater acoustic communication model, and information containing this power is transmitted. If the topology remains unchanged, the method checks for feedback from the corresponding receiving node. If no feedback is received, the method returns to the previous steps of calculating the transmission power and transmitting information containing this power. If feedback is received, information containing this power is transmitted based on the correspondence between the feedback and the transmission power. This application couples two power control methods, addressing the challenges to underwater resource management caused by unstable underwater acoustic communication channel quality. Furthermore, it considers the actual underwater acoustic channel state, the limited energy of nodes, and the application requirements of the underwater acoustic sensor network, rationally utilizing the limited energy of underwater nodes to meet communication quality requirements and extend network lifetime.

[0067] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, the feedback information includes: communication success and communication failure.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, the feedback information includes two states: communication successful and communication failed.

[0069] In the above embodiments, the information includes a number and data. If the receiving node can decode the number in the information but cannot decode the data, it corresponds to a communication failure. If the receiving node can decode both the number and the data, it corresponds to a successful communication.

[0070] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, before determining whether the topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network has changed, the following steps are also included:

[0071] Send information with initial power and mark the initial power as a steady-state flag.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, the available transmission power set is first determined based on the underwater acoustic communication device used. Different devices have different available power levels; the transmission power can be increased up to the maximum transmission power of the acoustic communication device, but cannot be less than the minimum transmission power. Node behavior flags include a degradation flag and a steady-state flag. The degradation flag is set if the node has previously reduced its power during transmission. The steady-state flag is set if the current communication fails and the degradation flag is 1; in this case, the power of the previous transmission is used, and the steady-state flag is set.

[0073] In other words, given a successful communication, and if the transmission power has not been reduced previously, then to conserve energy, the power level is reduced by one level, and the degradation flag is set to 1. If the communication fails, it means that the reduced power resulted in insufficient signal strength for successful signal resolution at the receiving node, and the node should use the power employed in the previous successful communication. Under the current channel conditions, the node enters a steady state and transmits at that power in each time slot. When a failed communication occurs, the optimal transmission power is recalculated.

[0074] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, the transmission power is calculated according to the underwater acoustic communication model, and information carrying the transmission power is transmitted, including:

[0075] Compare the transmission power with the transmission power of the previous time slot;

[0076] When the transmission power is greater than the transmission power of the previous time slot, the transmission power is selected as the transmission power of the current time slot, and the transmission power of the current time slot is remarked as the steady-state flag.

[0077] When the transmission power is less than the transmission power of the previous time slot, the transmission power of the previous time slot is selected as the transmission power of the current time slot, and the transmission power of the current time slot is remarked as the steady-state flag.

[0078] If communication fails, return to the step of calculating the transmit power.

[0079] In a specific embodiment, when the topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network changes or no feedback information is received, i.e., when the communication status is poor, open-loop power control is entered.

[0080] The transmitting node selects a method for calculating the transmission power of the current time slot based on whether it has received feedback from the previous time slot communication. First, an underwater acoustic communication model is established, the transmission power is calculated, and then information carrying the transmission power is transmitted.

[0081] As a preferred embodiment, the Thorp model is used to calculate the propagation loss. This is based on the distance between the transmitting and receiving nodes. (kilometers) and the transmission frequency used by the transmitting node (kilohertz), calculate signal attenuation in a communication link ,

[0082]

[0083] Among them, attenuation coefficient Given by the Thorp model,

[0084]

[0085] Based on the above formula, calculate the signal propagation loss. ,

[0086]

[0087] In the marine environment, there are various noise sources that interfere with the communication of underwater acoustic entities, typically including wave noise. Thermal noise Wind noise and ship noise The calculation formula is as follows:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] It is the sum of all environmental noise, measured in µPa / Hz, and is calculated using the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] The acoustic devices of sensor nodes are susceptible to environmental noise and communication interference from other acoustic entities. Significant environmental noise and communication interference can impair the normal operation of the node's acoustic devices. The ratio of the received signal power to the noise power plus interference power within the operating bandwidth is called the received signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SIR), and is defined as follows:

[0095]

[0096] in, For signal power, For noise power, This represents the interference power.

[0097] Receiving nodes typically have a minimum signal strength requirement, known as the signal reception threshold. When the signal strength is less than the threshold, the receiving node cannot interpret the signal, and communication fails; conversely, if the signal strength is greater than the threshold, the communication can be considered successful.

[0098] In environments with ambient noise and communication interference, to ensure that the underwater acoustic signal, after undergoing a period of propagation loss, still meets the analytical threshold when it reaches the receiving node, the source level of the data transmitted by the transmitting node must be [specifically, the sound source level]. The following formula must be satisfied:

[0099]

[0100] Meanwhile, considering the battery capacity of the underwater acoustic communication node, the optimal sound source level for the transmitting node is determined to meet communication requirements. for:

[0101]

[0102] The transmitting node's acoustic transmitter needs to convert its stored electrical energy into the mechanical energy of sound waves. Currently, there is no acoustic communication technology that can convert 100% of electrical energy into the mechanical energy of sound waves. Therefore, the formula for converting electrical energy into the mechanical energy of sound waves is:

[0103]

[0104] In the formula, This indicates the conversion efficiency from electrical energy to sound waves; Indicates electrical power; This indicates sound power.

[0105] To meet the optimal sound source level of the transmitting node The acoustic power of the transmitting node can be expressed as:

[0106]

[0107] Based on the above formula, the power used by the node for transmission can be calculated. .

[0108] Since feedback information from the receiving node is lacking, the method proposed in this application assumes that the lack of feedback is due to a deterioration in channel quality. Therefore, it compares the calculated power with the transmission power of the previous time slot and selects the larger of the two as the transmission power. When the uncertainty in the system increases, this application tends to use a larger transmission power to ensure successful communication.

[0109] It should be noted that the above formula and model are only one possible implementation method, but are not limited to this one. Users can set them up according to their own needs.

[0110] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, information containing transmission power is transmitted by means of the correspondence between feedback information and transmission power, including:

[0111] If communication in the previous time slot was successful, the transmission power of the previous time slot is reduced and used as the transmission power of the current time slot, and information with the transmission power of the current time slot is sent.

[0112] In a specific embodiment, when the topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network remains unchanged, or when feedback information is received, indicating good communication, closed-loop power control is initiated.

[0113] Unlike the open-loop process, which aims to select the highest possible transmit power, closed-loop power control selects the minimum transmit power that meets communication requirements for each node, thereby reducing energy consumption. If the previous communication was successful, it assumes the transmit power is too high, reduces the transmit power by one level, and sends information with the transmit power for the current time slot.

[0114] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, after reducing the transmission power of the previous time slot to the transmission power of the current time slot and transmitting information carrying the transmission power of the current time slot if communication in the previous time slot was successful, the method further includes:

[0115] Determine whether the current time slot has successfully communicated;

[0116] If so, reduce the transmission power of the current time slot as the transmission power of the next time slot, and send information with the transmission power of the next time slot;

[0117] If not, maintain the transmission power of the previous time slot, re-mark the transmission power of the previous time slot as the steady-state flag, and transmit information with the transmission power of the previous time slot.

[0118] In a specific implementation, if the previous communication was successful, then assuming the transmission power was too high, the transmission power is reduced by one level. If the previous degradation resulted in a transmission failure, it means that a critical transmission power value has been found. In this case, the transmission power before degradation is selected, and the node is set to enter a steady state. That is, until the next failed communication, the node always transmits at the steady-state power.

[0119] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, the method of transmitting information with transmission power by establishing a correspondence between feedback information and transmission power further includes:

[0120] If the previous time slot communication failed, and the current time slot communication also failed;

[0121] Then, the transmission power of the previous time slot is increased and used as the transmission power of the next time slot. The transmission power of the next time slot is re-marked as the degradation flag bit, and information with the transmission power of the next time slot is transmitted.

[0122] In a specific embodiment, if communication in the previous time slot fails and communication in the current time slot after downgrading also fails, it means that the transmission power cannot reach the transmission power threshold. Therefore, the transmission power of the previous time slot is increased, and information with the transmission power of the next time slot is sent. If communication in the next time slot also fails, the transmission power of the next time slot is increased until the transmission power threshold is reached.

[0123] Based on the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2As shown, the process of the sending node in the resource management method of the underwater acoustic sensor network is as follows:

[0124] S14: Send data.

[0125] S15: Determine whether the topology has changed.

[0126] S16: If so, then open-loop power control based on the propagation model.

[0127] S17: If not, determine whether feedback information has been received.

[0128] S18: If received, proceed with closed-loop power control based on feedback; if not received, proceed to step S17.

[0129] S19: Transmit data using the selected power.

[0130] S20: Waiting for the next data transmission.

[0131] Based on the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the process of the receiving node in the resource management method of the underwater acoustic sensor network is as follows:

[0132] S21: Determine if data has been received.

[0133] S22: If yes, then determine whether the node number is solvable; if not, proceed to step S26.

[0134] S23: If yes, then determine whether the data is solvable; if not, proceed to step S26.

[0135] S24: If so, then feedback indicates successful communication and the signal strength at the receiving node.

[0136] S25: If not, then provide feedback on communication failure and signal strength at the receiving node.

[0137] S26: Waiting for the next data to arrive.

[0138] When data is successfully received, the receiving node sends feedback to the sending node indicating successful communication and the signal strength at the receiving node. If the data cannot be successfully parsed, the receiving node behaves in two ways: 1) If the sending node number is solvable, the receiving node sends feedback to the sending node indicating communication failure and the signal strength at the receiving node; 2) If the sending node number is unsolvable, the node does not send feedback. To ensure that critical feedback information successfully reaches the sending node, the receiving node sends feedback at maximum power.

[0139] The method proposed in this application avoids energy waste in two ways by selecting an appropriate transmission power for the node. First, the selected power ensures that the signal strength is greater than the resolution threshold of the receiving node; otherwise, all the energy used for this transmission would be wasted. Second, it avoids using excessively high transmission power, which would not only waste energy but also affect the communication of other acoustic entities.

[0140] This application first establishes an underwater acoustic channel propagation model and studies an open-loop power control method based on the propagation model and a closed-loop power control method based on information feedback. Open-loop power control is based on local information and does not require communication and coordination with other nodes, making it a practically feasible control method in constrained network environments. Closed-loop power control uses information such as the signal-to-noise ratio at the receiving node as feedback to adjust the transmit power, reduce energy consumption, and simultaneously correct local estimation errors.

[0141] This application considers the limited communication resources of underwater acoustic communication channels and the limited battery capacity of underwater acoustic network sensor nodes. The proposed method is distributed, addressing the communication load and additional energy consumption caused by the centralized power control method, which requires a central control node to collect information from all nodes for unified power control, thus extending network lifetime. Furthermore, it couples two power control methods: a feedback-based power control method for good channel conditions and a propagation model-based power control method for poor channel conditions, addressing the challenges posed by unstable underwater acoustic communication channel quality to underwater resource management. This application calculates transmission power using a propagation model-based control method in the initial transmission slot and slots where no feedback information is received, constructing a model that considers the node operating frequency. The model-based open-loop power control provides an initial scheme for subsequent power selection. Since this application considers the operating frequency, all power schemes throughout the network's lifecycle are based on node deployment and operating frequency. Considering that the communication distance of nodes may change with the continuous evolution of network topology and application requirements, different operating frequencies are required. Generally, lower operating frequencies are used for medium- to long-distance communication, while higher operating frequencies are typically used for short-distance communication.

[0142] In the above embodiments, the method for resource management of underwater acoustic sensor networks has been described in detail. This application also provides embodiments corresponding to resource management devices for underwater acoustic sensor networks. It should be noted that this application describes the embodiments of the device part from two perspectives: one is based on functional modules, and the other is based on hardware.

[0143] like Figure 4 As shown, a resource management system for an underwater acoustic sensor network includes:

[0144] The first judgment module 11 is used to determine whether the topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network has changed;

[0145] The first transmitting module 12, if the first judging module is yes, is used to calculate the transmitting power according to the underwater acoustic communication model and transmit information with the transmitting power.

[0146] The second judgment module 13 is used to determine whether feedback information from the corresponding receiving node has been received if the first judgment module 12 is negative.

[0147] If the second judgment module is negative, then return to the first sending module;

[0148] The second sending module 14, if the second judgment module 13 is yes, is used to send information with transmission power based on the correspondence between feedback information and transmission power.

[0149] Since the embodiments of the apparatus and the embodiments of the method correspond to each other, please refer to the description of the embodiments of the method for the embodiments of the apparatus, which will not be repeated here.

[0150] Figure 5 A structural diagram of a resource management device for an underwater acoustic sensor network provided in another embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the resource management device of the underwater acoustic sensor network includes: a memory 20 for storing computer programs;

[0151] Processor 21 is configured to execute a computer program to implement the steps of a method for resource management of an underwater acoustic sensor network as described in the above embodiments.

[0152] The resource management device for the underwater acoustic sensor network provided in this embodiment may include, but is not limited to, smartphones, tablets, laptops, or desktop computers.

[0153] The processor 21 may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. The processor 21 may be implemented using at least one of the following hardware forms: Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The processor 21 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as the Central Processing Unit (CPU), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may integrate a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may also include an Artificial Intelligence (AI) processor, which is used to handle computational operations related to machine learning.

[0154] The memory 20 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory 20 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices or flash memory devices. In this embodiment, the memory 20 is used to store at least the following computer program 201, which, after being loaded and executed by the processor 21, is capable of implementing the relevant steps of the resource management method for the underwater acoustic sensor network disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. In addition, the resources stored in the memory 20 may also include an operating system 202 and data 203, and the storage method may be temporary or permanent storage. The operating system 202 may include Windows, Unix, Linux, etc.

[0155] In some embodiments, the resource management device of the underwater acoustic sensor network may further include a display screen 22, an input / output interface 23, a communication interface 24, a power supply 25, and a communication bus 26.

[0156] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the resource management device for underwater acoustic sensor networks and may include more or fewer components than shown.

[0157] The resource management device for an underwater acoustic sensor network provided in this application includes a memory and a processor. When the processor executes a program stored in the memory, it can implement the following method: a method for resource management of an underwater acoustic sensor network.

[0158] Finally, this application also provides an embodiment corresponding to a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps described in the above method embodiments.

[0159] It is understood that if the methods in the above embodiments are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and executes all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0160] The resource management method, system, apparatus, and medium for an underwater acoustic sensor network provided in this application have been described in detail above. The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

[0161] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

Claims

1. A resource management method for an underwater acoustic sensor network, characterized in that, include: Determine whether the topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network has changed; If so, then according to the underwater acoustic communication model, the transmission power is calculated, and information with said transmission power is transmitted; If not, determine whether feedback information has been received from the corresponding receiving node; the feedback information includes communication success and communication failure. If not received, return to the step of calculating the transmission power according to the underwater acoustic communication model and sending information with the transmission power; If received, information carrying the transmission power is sent based on the correspondence between the feedback information and the transmission power; The step of calculating the transmission power according to the underwater acoustic communication model and transmitting information with the transmission power includes: Compare the transmission power with the transmission power of the previous time slot; When the transmission power is greater than the transmission power of the previous time slot, the transmission power is selected as the transmission power of the current time slot, and the transmission power of the current time slot is remarked as the steady-state flag. When the transmission power is less than the transmission power of the previous time slot, the transmission power of the previous time slot is selected as the transmission power of the current time slot, and the transmission power of the current time slot is remarked as the steady-state flag bit; If the communication fails, return to the step of calculating the transmission power.

2. The resource management method for an underwater acoustic sensor network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of transmitting information carrying the transmission power based on the correspondence between the feedback information and the transmission power includes: If the communication in the previous time slot was successful, the transmission power of the previous time slot is reduced and used as the transmission power of the current time slot, and information with the transmission power of the current time slot is sent.

3. The resource management method for underwater acoustic sensor networks according to claim 2, characterized in that, After the step of reducing the transmission power of the previous time slot as the transmission power of the current time slot if communication in the previous time slot was successful, and then sending information carrying the transmission power of the current time slot, the method further includes: Determine whether the current time slot has successfully communicated; If so, the transmission power of the current time slot is reduced and used as the transmission power of the next time slot, and information with the transmission power of the next time slot is transmitted. If not, maintain the transmission power of the previous time slot, re-mark the transmission power of the previous time slot as a steady-state flag, and transmit information containing the transmission power of the previous time slot.

4. The resource management method for an underwater acoustic sensor network according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of transmitting information carrying the transmission power based on the correspondence between the feedback information and the transmission power further includes: If the previous time slot communication fails, and the current time slot communication also fails; Then, the transmission power of the previous time slot is increased and used as the transmission power of the next time slot. The transmission power of the next time slot is re-marked as a degradation flag, and information with the transmission power of the next time slot is transmitted.

5. The resource management method for an underwater acoustic sensor network according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Before determining whether the topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network has changed, the method further includes: Send information with initial power, and mark the initial power as the steady-state flag.

6. A resource management system for an underwater acoustic sensor network, characterized in that, include: The first judgment module is used to determine whether the topology of the underwater acoustic sensor network has changed; The first transmitting module, if the first determining module is yes, is used to calculate the transmitting power according to the underwater acoustic communication model and transmit information containing the transmitting power; wherein, calculating the transmitting power according to the underwater acoustic communication model and transmitting information containing the transmitting power includes: comparing the transmitting power with the transmitting power of the previous time slot; when the transmitting power is greater than the transmitting power of the previous time slot, selecting the transmitting power as the transmitting power of the current time slot and remarking the transmitting power of the current time slot as the steady-state flag; when the transmitting power is less than the transmitting power of the previous time slot, selecting the transmitting power of the previous time slot as the transmitting power of the current time slot and remarking the transmitting power of the current time slot as the steady-state flag; when the communication fails, returning to the step of calculating the transmitting power; The second judgment module, if the first judgment module is negative, is used to determine whether feedback information has been received from the corresponding receiving node; the feedback information includes communication success and communication failure. If the second judgment module is negative, then return to the first sending module; The second sending module, if the second determining module is yes, is used to send information with the sending power based on the correspondence between the feedback information and the sending power.

7. A resource management device for an underwater acoustic sensor network, characterized in that, Includes memory used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to implement the steps of the method for resource management of an underwater acoustic sensor network as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for resource management of an underwater acoustic sensor network as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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