A composite crop seed initiator and its application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a composite crop seed initiator and its application. The composite crop seed initiator of the present invention contains 5-10 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 5-10 μmol / L sodium nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass, and the balance is a 1000-fold diluted pine needle extract; compared with water initiation or the single application of a certain initiator component, the initiator can significantly improve the germination rate of lettuce, rice and corn seeds; the effect is obvious for both dormant seeds and deteriorated seeds; therefore, it has high application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation and breeding, and in particular relates to a composite crop seed initiator and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The germination rate of crop seeds is directly related to their yield. All newly harvested seeds are dormant to varying degrees. Sowing at this time will result in a low germination rate. In production, dormancy is usually broken by a period of low-temperature stratification. On the other hand, during the storage and preservation of seeds, seed vitality will inevitably decline. Degraded seeds will also affect crop yields due to their low germination rate and weak seedling resistance. Seed priming is an effective seed treatment technology to increase the germination rate of crop seeds. For example, water priming and plant hormone priming can both increase the germination rate of seeds to a certain extent. However, these seed treatment methods have their own limitations. For example, water priming is not ideal for dormant seeds, and some crop seeds are not suitable for water priming due to imbibition damage; plant hormones are also expensive and only suitable for treating dormant seeds but not degraded seeds. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite crop seed initiator and its application in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0004] The experimental results of the present invention show that the seed initiator combination of the present invention can effectively improve the germination rate of newly harvested seeds, and has the effect of breaking seed dormancy and promoting germination; moreover, the seed initiator combination of the present invention can effectively improve the germination rate of naturally aged seeds, and has the effect of restoring seed vitality and improving the germination rate of deteriorated seeds.

[0005] The composite crop seed initiator of the invention contains 5-10 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 5-10 μmol / L sodium nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass fraction, and the remainder is 1000-fold diluted pine needle extract.

[0006] Preferably, the composite crop seed initiator contains 5 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 5 μmol / L sodium nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass, and the remainder is 1000-fold diluted pine needle extract.

[0007] Preferably, the composite crop seed initiator contains 5 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 10 μmol / L sodium nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass, and the remainder is 1000-fold diluted pine needle extract.

[0008] Preferably, the composite crop seed initiator contains 10 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 5 μmol / L sodium nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass, and the remainder is 1000-fold diluted pine needle extract.

[0009] Preferably, the composite crop seed initiator contains 10 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 10 μmol / L sodium nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass, and the remainder is 1000-fold diluted pine needle extract.

[0010] Preferably, the pine needle extract is prepared by the following steps: collecting Masson pine needles, drying at room temperature, crushing, and then soaking in an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 80% for 15 days, stirring at appropriate times during the period to fully leach out, wherein the solid-liquid ratio is 1 kg pine needle powder: 6 L ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 80%, and then filtering and collecting the filtrate, concentrating the filtrate, and controlling the volume of the concentrated solution to 15% of the volume of the ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 80% used for extraction, and the obtained concentrated solution is the pine needle extract.

[0011] The present invention also provides the use of the composite crop seed initiator in at least one of the following (1)-(3):

[0012] (1) Break seed dormancy and promote germination;

[0013] (2) restore seed vitality;

[0014] (3) Improve seed germination rate.

[0015] Preferably, the method of increasing the seed germination rate is to increase the germination rate of dormant seeds.

[0016] Preferably, the method of increasing the seed germination rate is to increase the germination rate of inferior seeds.

[0017] The present invention utilizes natural plant extract pine needle extract combined with Karrikinolide, sodium nitroprusside and chitosan to prepare a composite seed initiator. Compared with water initiation (control group) and the single application of a certain initiator component, the combination of the four initiators can significantly improve the germination rate of lettuce, rice and corn seeds; the effect is obvious for both dormant seeds and deteriorated seeds. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention.

[0019] The pine needle extract used in the following examples was prepared according to the following method:

[0020] The pine needles (needles) of Masson pine are collected, dried at room temperature, crushed, and then soaked in an ethanol-water solution with a volume fraction of 80% for 15 days, during which the mixture is stirred in time to fully extract the leaching, wherein the solid-liquid ratio is 1 kg of pine needle powder: 6 L of an ethanol-water solution with a volume fraction of 80%, and then the filtrate is collected by filtration, and the filtrate is evaporated and concentrated at low temperature (33°C), and the volume of the concentrated solution is controlled to be 15% of the volume of the ethanol-water solution with a volume fraction of 80% used for extraction, and the obtained concentrated solution is the pine needle extract (mother liquor).

[0021] The Karrikinolide involved in the following embodiments is the compound Karrikinolide (whose chemical structure is shown in Formula I), purchased from Caymen, USA, website: https: / / www.caymanchem.com / , compound Karrikinolide: Item No. 29935, CAS No. 857054-02-5.

[0022]

[0023] Example 1

[0024] 1. Methods

[0025] (1) Pine needle extract: The pine needle extract prepared according to the above method is used as the mother solution. When used, the mother solution is diluted to a 1000-fold (diluted) pine needle extract working solution.

[0026] (2) Seed initiator preparation: containing 5-10 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 5-10 μmol / L sodium nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass and 1000 times pine needle extract. The specific preparation method is as follows: add 5-10 μmol Karrikinolide, 5-10 μmol sodium nitroprusside and 0.5g chitosan to 1L 1000 times pine needle extract. The seed initiator composition is as follows:

[0027] Combination 1: 1L pine needle extract 1000 times liquid + 5μmol Karrikinolide + 5μmol sodium nitroprusside + 0.5g chitosan;

[0028] Combination 2: 1L pine needle extract 1000 times liquid + 5μmol Karrikinolide + 10μmol sodium nitroprusside + 0.5g chitosan;

[0029] Combination 3: 1L pine needle extract 1000 times liquid + 10μmol Karrikinolide + 5μmol sodium nitroprusside + 0.5g chitosan;

[0030] Combination 4: 1L 1000 times diluted pine needle extract + 10μmol Karrikinolide + 10μmol sodium nitroprusside + 0.5g chitosan.

[0031] (3) Experimental materials: Seeds of three types of crops were selected, namely rice "Nipponbare", corn "B73" and lettuce "Guasihong". The newly harvested seeds were dehydrated and dried, and then divided into two batches. One batch was directly used in the seed priming experiment (the newly harvested seeds had a certain degree of dormancy, and the germination rate was lower than that of the dormant seeds); the other batch was placed in nylon mesh bags and aged naturally in the natural environment for 12 months (the seed vitality dropped sharply and the germination rate was very low), and then used in the seed priming experiment.

[0032] (4) Seed priming: Newly harvested seeds and seeds aged for 12 months were soaked in the above-mentioned initiator combination for 12 hours to 36 hours (lettuce 12 hours, rice 24 hours, corn 36 hours), with the ratio of initiator to seed being 5 mL initiator: 1 g seed, and the initiation temperature being 20°C; in addition, the same soaking treatment was performed with aqueous solutions of each single component in the initiator (replacing the above-mentioned initiator combination) as a comparison. After the seeds were soaked for 24 hours, they were taken out and rinsed with clean water three times to wash off the initiators on the seed surface. The seeds were then placed in a forced air drying oven (30°C) and dried for 72 hours to control the moisture content of the seeds within the safe moisture content for easy storage.

[0033] (5) Seed germination test: The priming treated seeds were placed in germination boxes, 100 seeds per box, and 3 boxes per group were repeated. ddH 2 O (10 mL for lettuce, 20 mL for rice, 30 mL for corn), germination temperature was 22°C for lettuce, 28°C for rice, and 26°C for corn. The germination rate was counted on the 5th day (for lettuce) or the 7th day (for rice and corn).

[0034] 2. Results and Analysis

[0035] The results showed that the seed initiator combination can significantly improve the germination rate of lettuce (Table 1), rice (Table 2) and corn (Table 3) seeds. Since newly harvested seeds have a certain degree of dormancy, the germination rate of newly harvested seeds in the control group is low; the initiator combination can effectively improve the germination rate of newly harvested seeds, indicating that the initiator has the effect of breaking seed dormancy and promoting germination. For naturally aged seeds, the germination rate drops rapidly due to the decrease in vitality. The initiator combination can effectively improve the seed germination rate, indicating that the initiator has the effect of restoring seed vitality and improving the germination rate of deteriorated seeds. It is worth noting that all initiator combinations are better than the effect of a single factor on the germination rate.

[0036] Table 1 Effects of different seed priming agents on the germination rate of lettuce "Guasihong" seeds

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Table 2 Effects of different seed priming agents on the germination rate of rice "Nipponbare" seeds

[0040] Initiator Newly harvested seeds germination rate (%) Germination rate of seeds after one year of natural aging (%) No priming treatment (control) 72±3 14±2 water 70±2 21±2 5μmol / L Karrikinolide aqueous solution 75±2 23±1 10μmol / L sodium nitroprusside aqueous solution 76±3 24±2 0.5g / L chitosan aqueous solution 73±3 19±1 1000 times pine needle extract 76±2 33±2 Combination 1 88±2 45±3 Combination 2 90±3 50±2 Combination Three 87±1 47±2 Combination Four 91±2 51±3

[0041] Table 3 Effects of different seed priming agents on the germination rate of corn "B73" seeds

[0042]

[0043]

Claims

1. A composite crop seed initiator, characterized in that: Containing 5-10 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 5-10 μmol / L sodium nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass, and the remainder being 1000-fold diluted pine needle extract; The pine needle extract is prepared by the following steps: collecting Masson pine needles, drying at room temperature, crushing, and then soaking in an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 80% for 15 days, stirring in time during the period to fully leaching, wherein the solid-liquid ratio is 1kg pine needle powder: 6L ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 80%, and then filtering and collecting the filtrate, concentrating the filtrate, and controlling the volume of the concentrated solution to be 15% of the volume of the ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 80% used for leaching, and the obtained concentrated solution is the pine needle extract.

2. The composite crop seed initiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It contains 5 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 5 μmol / L Sodium Nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass, and the remainder is 1000-fold diluted pine needle extract.

3. The composite crop seed initiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It contains 5 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 10 μmol / L Sodium Nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass, and the remainder is 1000-fold diluted pine needle extract.

4. The composite crop seed initiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It contains 10 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 5 μmol / L Sodium Nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass, and the remainder is 1000-fold diluted pine needle extract.

5. The composite crop seed initiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It contains 10 μmol / L Karrikinolide, 10 μmol / L Sodium Nitroprusside, 0.05% chitosan by mass, and the remainder is 1000-fold diluted pine needle extract.

6. Use of the composite crop seed initiator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in at least one of the following (1) to (3): (1) Break seed dormancy and promote germination; (2) restore seed vitality; (3) Improve seed germination rate.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of improving the seed germination rate is to improve the germination rate of dormant seeds.

8. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of improving the seed germination rate is to improve the germination rate of inferior seeds.

Images