Photovoltaic panel moving system based on water temperature under photovoltaic panel

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic panel moving system based on water temperature under a photovoltaic panel, which comprises a floating frame, a photovoltaic panel, a moving assembly and a water temperature sensor, the moving assembly comprises a moving frame, a moving plate, a movable block and a driving structure, the two ends of the floating frame along the Y-axis direction are float boxes, the two ends of the floating frame along the X-axis direction are connecting strips, the moving frame is slidably arranged in the floating frame, the downward side of the photovoltaic panel is hinged with a first hinge rod and a second hinge rod, the moving plate is slidably arranged in the floating frame, the upward sides of the moving frame and the moving plate are slidably provided with movable blocks, the driving structure can drive the moving frame and the movable blocks to move respectively, the water temperature sensor is fixedly arranged on the float box, and the water temperature sensor is signal-connected with the driving structure. The photovoltaic panel formed shadow cannot stay in one position for a long time, so that the photovoltaic panel can be conveniently and quickly adjusted to achieve the highest working efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and more specifically to a photovoltaic panel moving system based on the water temperature under the photovoltaic panel. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is based on the photovoltaic effect, using solar cells to directly convert sunlight into electrical energy. Currently, both domestically and internationally, large-scale ground-mounted photovoltaic power plants and rooftop photovoltaic power generation are the most common methods. Water-based photovoltaic power generation is almost nonexistent; the few existing designs involve constructing a nearly seamless floating platform composed of several small floating bodies. Photovoltaic panels are either laid directly on the floating platform or supported by metal brackets. This design suffers from poor resistance to wind pressure and waves, and the reliance on wind cooling results in low power generation efficiency, thus limiting the application and development of floating photovoltaic power plants.

[0003] Chinese patent CN105227061B discloses a floating photovoltaic panel fixing system. This system uses two floating boxes to mount a photovoltaic panel, improving its stability during operation. The photovoltaic panel is positioned on two small floating boxes, close to the water surface. This allows for air cooling from the front of the panel and continuous water cooling from the back within the closed space formed by the panel and the floating boxes, resulting in dual continuous cooling and significantly increasing the panel's output power. However, over prolonged use, the shadow cast by the photovoltaic panel can obscure the water surface below, causing uneven heating and affecting the overall cooling effect and, consequently, the panel's efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, a photovoltaic panel moving system based on the water temperature beneath the photovoltaic panel is provided. The angle of the photovoltaic panel can be adjusted through the cooperation of a movable block, a first hinge rod, and a second hinge rod. The position of the photovoltaic panel can be adjusted through the cooperation of a movable frame and a movable plate. The angle adjustment and position adjustment of the photovoltaic panel can be switched through the cooperation of a drive structure and a water temperature sensor.

[0005] To solve the problems of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A photovoltaic panel moving system based on water temperature beneath the photovoltaic panel is provided, including a floating frame, a photovoltaic panel, a moving component, and a water temperature sensor. The moving component includes a moving frame, a moving plate, a movable block, and a drive structure. There is at least one floating frame, and all floating frames are evenly arranged along both the X and Y axes. The two ends of the floating frames along the Y axis are buoyancy boxes, and the two ends along the X axis are connecting strips. The moving frame is slidably mounted within the floating frame, and its sliding direction is parallel to the Y axis. A first hinge rod is hinged at the center of the downward-facing side of the photovoltaic panel, and the other end of the first hinge rod is hinged to the center of the moving frame. The moving plate... The system is slidably mounted within the floating frame. The sliding direction of the movable plate is parallel to the Y-axis. A first hinge rod is hinged at the center of the downward-facing side of the photovoltaic panel, and the other end of the first hinge rod is hinged to the center of the movable frame. Movable blocks are slidably mounted on the upward-facing sides of both the movable frame and the movable plate. The sliding direction of the movable blocks is parallel to the Y-axis. A second hinge rod is hinged at the end of the downward-facing side of the photovoltaic panel, and the other end of the second hinge rod is hinged to the movable block. A drive structure is fixedly mounted on the connecting strip and can drive the movable frame and the movable block to move respectively. A water temperature sensor is fixedly mounted on the float and is signal-connected to the drive structure.

[0007] Preferably, the moving component further includes a first gear, which is rotatably disposed inside the moving frame. The rotation axis of the first gear is parallel to the X-axis. The driving structure can drive the first gear to rotate. A first rack that can mesh with the first gear is fixedly connected to the movable block. The first rack is located at the top of the inside of the moving frame.

[0008] Preferably, the moving component further includes a second gear, which is slidably mounted on the first gear. The second gear is coaxial with the first gear and is located between the connecting bar and the moving frame. A limiting protrusion is elastically connected to the side of the second gear closest to the first gear. The limiting protrusion slides along the axial direction of the second gear. A limiting hole is provided on the first gear to cooperate with the limiting protrusion. The driving structure can drive the second gear to rotate. A second rack that can mesh with the second gear is provided at the bottom of the moving frame.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a servo motor, an electric push rod, and a connecting rod. The servo motor is fixedly mounted on the outermost connecting bar in the X-axis direction. The output shaft of the servo motor faces inward towards the interior of the floating frame and is coaxially fixedly mounted with a transmission shaft. The second gear is coaxially slidably connected to the transmission shaft. The electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the outermost movable plate in the X-axis direction. The output end of the electric push rod faces inward towards the interior of the floating frame. The connecting bar has an elongated through hole for the electric push rod to slide. Both ends of the connecting rod can be coaxially fixedly connected to two adjacent second gears. The second gears are coaxially slidably connected to the connecting rod. The output end of the electric push rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the connecting rod away from the servo motor. The temperature sensor is signal-connected to the electric push rod.

[0010] Preferably, the moving component further includes a first spring, and the first spring is fixedly disposed between the first gear and the second gear in the same floating frame, with the axis of the first spring being coaxial with the axis of the first gear.

[0011] Preferably, a magnetic ring is coaxially fixed on the side of the first gear away from the second gear, and a magnetic plate that can cooperate with the magnetic ring is fixed on the moving frame.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the movable frame is elastically connected to a connecting frame, which slides along the Z-axis and is fixedly connected to the second rack.

[0013] Preferably, the moving component further includes a wedge block, which is elastically connected to the bottom of the moving frame. The wedge block slides along the X-axis, and the inclined surface of the wedge block is set towards the direction close to the connecting frame. A magnetic sheet is fixedly provided at the end of the wedge block away from the connecting moving frame, and a magnetic strip that works in cooperation with the magnetic sheet is fixedly provided on the connecting rod.

[0014] Preferably, the moving component further includes a second spring, and guide bars are fixedly provided at both ends of the moving frame and the moving plate along the Y-axis direction. The float box is provided with guide holes that cooperate with the sliding of the guide bars. The second spring is fixedly provided between the guide bars and the float box, and the axis of the second spring is parallel to the Y-axis direction.

[0015] Preferably, the pontoon has fixing grooves at both ends along the Y-axis that cooperate with the connecting strip.

[0016] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0017] This invention enables the photovoltaic panel to be adjusted in angle through a movable block, a first hinge rod, and a second hinge rod; it enables the photovoltaic panel to be adjusted in position through a movable frame and a movable plate; and it enables the switching between angle and position adjustments through a drive structure and a water temperature sensor. This prevents the shadow cast by the photovoltaic panel from remaining in one position for an extended period, allowing for convenient and quick adjustments to maximize the photovoltaic panel's working efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic panel moving system based on the water temperature under the photovoltaic panel;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top-down view of a photovoltaic panel moving system based on the water temperature beneath the photovoltaic panel. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top-down view of a photovoltaic panel moving system based on the water temperature beneath the photovoltaic panel. Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a floating frame in a photovoltaic panel moving system based on the water temperature under the photovoltaic panel.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional exploded diagram of the floating frame in a photovoltaic panel moving system based on the water temperature under the photovoltaic panel.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a 3D diagram of the moving components in a photovoltaic panel moving system based on the water temperature beneath the photovoltaic panel. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of part A in the diagram;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a 3D diagram of the moving components in a photovoltaic panel moving system based on the water temperature beneath the photovoltaic panel. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of part B in the diagram;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a 3D exploded view of the moving component in a photovoltaic panel moving system based on the water temperature beneath the photovoltaic panel. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a 3D exploded view of the moving component in a photovoltaic panel moving system based on the water temperature beneath the photovoltaic panel. Figure 2 .

[0029] The numbers on the map are:

[0030] 1- Floating frame;

[0031] 11-floating tank;

[0032] 12-Connecting bar;

[0033] 13-Guide hole;

[0034] 14-Fixing slot;

[0035] 2- Photovoltaic panels;

[0036] 21-First hinge rod;

[0037] 22-Second hinge rod;

[0038] 3-Moving components;

[0039] 31-Moving frame; 311-Second rack; 312-Magnetic plate; 313-Connecting frame; 314-Guide strip;

[0040] 32-Moving board;

[0041] 33-Moving block; 331-First rack;

[0042] 34-Drive structure; 341-Servo motor; 342-Electric actuator; 343-Connecting rod; 344-Magnetic strip;

[0043] 35-First gear; 351-Limiting hole; 352-Magnetic ring;

[0044] 36 - Second gear; 361 - Limiting protrusion;

[0045] 37 - First Spring;

[0046] 38-Wedge block; 381-Magnetic sheet;

[0047] 39 - Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] See Figures 1-3 and Figure 5 As shown, a photovoltaic panel moving system based on water temperature under the photovoltaic panel includes a floating frame 1, a photovoltaic panel 2, a moving component 3, and a water temperature sensor. The moving component 3 includes a moving frame 31, a moving plate 32, a movable block 33, and a driving structure 34. There is at least one floating frame 1, and all floating frames 1 are evenly arranged along the X and Y axes. The two ends of the floating frame 1 along the Y axis are buoyancy boxes 11, and the two ends of the floating frame 1 along the X axis are connecting strips 12. The moving frame 31 is slidably disposed within the floating frame 1, and the sliding direction of the moving frame 31 is parallel to the Y axis. A first hinge rod 21 is hinged at the center of the downward-facing side of the photovoltaic panel 2, and the other end of the first hinge rod 21 is hinged to the center of the moving frame 31. The moving plate 32 can... The sliding mechanism is located within the floating frame 1. The sliding direction of the movable plate 32 is parallel to the Y-axis. A first hinge rod 21 is hinged at the center of the downward-facing side of the photovoltaic panel 2. The other end of the first hinge rod 21 is hinged to the center of the movable frame 31. Movable blocks 33 are slidably provided on the upward-facing sides of both the movable frame 31 and the movable plate 32. The sliding direction of the movable blocks 33 is parallel to the Y-axis. A second hinge rod 22 is hinged at the end of the downward-facing side of the photovoltaic panel 2. The other end of the second hinge rod 22 is hinged to the movable block 33. A drive structure 34 is fixedly mounted on the connecting bar 12. The drive structure 34 can drive the movable frame 31 and the movable block 33 to move respectively. A water temperature sensor is fixedly mounted on the float box 11 and is signal-connected to the drive structure 34.

[0050] The floating frame 1 is placed on the water surface. Then, the photovoltaic panel 2 is connected to the moving component 3 via the first hinge rod 21 and the second hinge rod 22. The drive structure 34 is activated, causing the movable block 33 to slide. As the movable block 33 moves, it moves the photovoltaic panel 2 accordingly via the second hinge rod 22. Since the two ends of the first hinge rod 21 are connected to the center of the photovoltaic panel 2 and the moving frame 31 respectively, the photovoltaic panel 2 will rotate around its center to adjust its angle, thereby adjusting the efficiency of its light energy conversion. At this time, the photovoltaic panel 2 will cast a shadow on the water surface. Over time, the temperature of the shaded area of ​​the water will increase due to heat exchange with the photovoltaic panel 2. When the water temperature sensed by the temperature sensor reaches the set rated value, the temperature sensor will activate. A signal is sent to the controller, which controls the drive structure 34 to work. At this time, the moving frame 31 will move along the Y-axis direction as the drive motor works, thereby changing the position of the shadow of the photovoltaic panel 2 on the water surface, so that the water surface with higher temperature can dissipate heat. Compared with the prior art, the movable block 33, the first hinge rod 21 and the second hinge rod 22 of the present invention cooperate to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel 2. The moving frame 31 and the moving plate 32 cooperate to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panel 2. The drive structure 34 and the water temperature sensor cooperate to switch between angle adjustment and position adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 2, so that the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel 2 will not stay in one position for a long time, thus making it convenient and quick to adjust the photovoltaic panel 2 to maximize its working efficiency.

[0051] See Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown: The moving component 3 also includes a first gear 35, which is rotatably disposed inside the moving frame 31. The rotation axis of the first gear 35 is parallel to the X-axis. The driving structure 34 can drive the first gear 35 to rotate. A first rack 331 that can mesh with the first gear 35 is fixedly connected to the moving block 33. The first rack 331 is located at the top inside the moving frame 31.

[0052] When the angle of the photovoltaic panel 2 needs to be adjusted, the drive structure 34 is activated. The drive structure 34 drives the first gear 35 to rotate. When the first gear 35 rotates, it drives the first rack 331, which meshes with it, to move. The first rack 331 moves along the Y-axis. At the same time, the first rack 331 moves, which drives the movable block 33 to move. The second hinge rod 22, which is hinged to the movable block 33, will then drive the photovoltaic panel 2 to rotate around its own center to adjust its angle. Compared with the prior art, the first gear 35 and the first rack 331 of the present invention cooperate to allow the movable block 33 to move as needed, thereby allowing the angle of the photovoltaic panel 2 to be changed as needed.

[0053] See Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown: The moving component 3 also includes a second gear 36, which is slidably mounted on the first gear 35. The second gear 36 is coaxial with the first gear 35 and is located between the connecting bar 12 and the moving frame 31. A limiting protrusion 361 is elastically connected to the side of the second gear 36 near the first gear 35. The limiting protrusion 361 slides along the axial direction of the second gear 36. The first gear 35 is provided with a limiting hole 351 that works with the limiting protrusion 361. The driving structure 34 can drive the second gear 36 to rotate. The bottom of the moving frame 31 is provided with a second rack 311 that can mesh with the second gear 36.

[0054] When the position of the photovoltaic panel 2 needs to be adjusted, the drive structure 34 is activated. The operation of the drive structure 34 causes the second gear 36 to move away from the first gear 35. The operation of the drive structure 34 drives the second gear 36 to rotate. When the second gear 36 rotates, it drives the second rack 311 to move. When the second rack 311 moves, it drives the moving frame 31 to move along the Y-axis. Thus, the photovoltaic panel 2 also moves with the operation of the drive structure 34. Compared with the prior art, the cooperation of the second gear 36 and the second rack 311 in this invention allows the moving frame 31 to move as needed, so that the position of the photovoltaic panel 2 can be changed according to the requirements.

[0055] See Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown: The drive assembly includes a servo motor 341, an electric push rod 342, and a connecting rod 343. The servo motor 341 is fixedly mounted on the outermost connecting bar 12 in the X-axis direction. The output shaft of the servo motor 341 faces inward towards the interior of the floating frame 1 and is coaxially fixedly mounted with a transmission shaft. The second gear 36 is slidably connected to the transmission shaft coaxially. The electric push rod 342 is fixedly mounted on the outermost moving plate 32 in the X-axis direction. The output end of the electric push rod 342 faces inward towards the interior of the floating frame 1. The connecting bar 12 has an elongated through hole for the electric push rod 342 to slide. Both ends of the connecting rod 343 can be coaxially fixedly connected to two adjacent second gears 36. The second gears 36 are slidably connected to the connecting rod 343 coaxially. The output end of the electric push rod 342 is coaxially fixedly connected to the connecting rod 343 away from the servo motor 341. The temperature sensor is signal-connected to the electric push rod 342.

[0056] After the photovoltaic panel 2 has been working for a long time, the water temperature sensor detects that the water surface temperature is higher than the rated value. The water temperature sensor sends a signal to the controller, and the controller activates the electric push rod 342. The electric push rod 342, located at the edge of the X-axis direction, pushes the connecting rod 343 to move. The connecting rod 343 moves towards the other edge of the X-axis direction. As the connecting rod 343 moves, the second gear 36 disengages from the transmission connection with the first gear 35. At this time, the servo motor 341 can only drive the second gear 36 to rotate. Compared with the prior art, the servo motor 341, electric push rod 342 and connecting rod 343 of the present invention work together to enable the second gear 36 and the first gear 35 to switch between relative stationary and relative rotation, thereby enabling the photovoltaic panel 2 to switch between two adjustment states: angle adjustment and position adjustment.

[0057] See Figure 1 and Figures 6-11 As shown: The moving component 3 also includes a first spring 37. The first spring 37 is fixedly disposed between the first gear 35 and the second gear 36 in the same floating frame 1. The axis of the first spring 37 is coaxial with the axis of the first gear 35.

[0058] As the electric push rod 342 operates, the first spring 37 will be stretched when the second gear 36 moves away from the first gear 35. After the position of the photovoltaic panel 2 is adjusted, the water temperature sensor no longer sends a signal, and the output end of the electric push rod 342 will retract. At this time, the first spring 37 will return to its initial state, thereby driving the second gear 36 closer to the first gear 35. If the limiting protrusion 361 cannot be inserted into the limiting hole 351 at this time, the second gear 36 will rotate a certain angle with the servo motor 341 to complete the transmission connection between the first gear 35 and the second gear 36. Compared with the prior art, the first spring 37 of the present invention ensures that there is always a force between the first gear 35 and the second gear 36 that brings them closer together, thereby ensuring that the first gear 35 and the second gear 36 can maintain the transmission connection when the water temperature is normal.

[0059] See Figures 6 to 11 As shown: A magnetic ring 352 is coaxially fixed on the side of the first gear 35 away from the second gear 36, and a magnetic plate 312 that can cooperate with the magnetic ring 352 is fixedly installed on the moving frame 31.

[0060] When the electric push rod 342 is working, the second gear 36 will disengage from the transmission connection with the first gear 35. At this time, the first gear 35 fixes its position through the cooperation of the magnetic ring 352 and the magnetic plate 312. Subsequently, the second gear 36 and the second rack 311 cooperate to move the moving frame 31. At this time, the first gear 35 will not easily rotate. Compared with the prior art, the magnetic ring 352 and the magnetic plate 312 of the present invention work together to fix the position of the first gear 35, thereby ensuring that the first gear 35 will not rotate arbitrarily when the transmission connection between the second gear 36 and the first gear 35 is disengaged.

[0061] See Figures 6 to 11 As shown: The bottom of the movable frame 31 is elastically connected to a connecting frame 313, which slides along the Z-axis and is fixedly connected to the second rack 311.

[0062] When the water temperature is normal, the connecting frame 313 will drive the second rack 311 to a position away from the moving frame 31. At this time, the rotation of the second gear 36 will not drive the second rack 311 to move. When the water temperature is high, the connecting frame 313 will move towards the moving frame 31 under the action of elasticity. At this time, the second gear 36 will mesh with the second rack 311. The operation of the servo motor 341 will cause the second gear 36 to rotate and drive the second rack 311 to move. Compared with the prior art, the connecting frame 313 of the present invention allows the second rack 311 to move along the Z-axis direction, so that the second rack 311 will not affect the normal rotation of the second gear 36.

[0063] See Figure 1 and Figures 6-9 As shown: The moving component 3 also includes a wedge block 38, which is elastically connected to the bottom of the moving frame 31. The wedge block 38 slides along the X-axis direction. The inclined surface of the wedge block 38 is set towards the direction close to the connecting frame 313. A magnetic sheet 381 is fixedly provided at the end of the wedge block 38 away from the connecting moving frame. A magnetic strip 344 that works in cooperation with the magnetic sheet 381 is fixedly provided on the connecting rod 343.

[0064] When the water temperature is normal, the wedge block 38 will move towards the connecting bar 12. At this time, the connecting frame 313 engages with the inclined surface of the wedge block 38, and the connecting frame 313 moves downward along the Z-axis. At this time, the second rack 311 does not mesh with the second gear 36. When the water temperature is high, the electric push rod 342 works to push the connecting rod 343 to move, and the magnetic strip 344 moves towards the wedge block 38. Subsequently, the ceramic plate and the magnetic strip 344 work together to make the wedge block 38 move away from the connecting bar 12. At this time, the connecting frame 313 will drive the second rack 311 to move upward along the Z-axis and mesh with the second gear 36 under the operation of the elastic force. Compared with the prior art, the wedge block 38, the magnetic plate 381 and the magnetic strip 344 of the present invention work together to make the connecting frame 313 move with the operation of the electric push rod 342, thereby controlling the movement of all the second racks 311 in the X-axis direction through the electric push rod 342.

[0065] See Figure 1 and Figures 6-11 As shown: The moving component 3 also includes a second spring 39. Guide bars 314 are fixedly provided at both ends of the moving frame 31 and the moving plate 32 along the Y-axis direction. The float box 11 is provided with a guide hole 13 that cooperates with the sliding of the guide bar 314. The second spring 39 is fixedly provided between the guide bar 314 and the float box 11. The axis of the second spring 39 is parallel to the Y-axis direction.

[0066] The moving frame 31 moves to the appropriate position with the cooperation of the servo motor 341, the second gear 36, and the second rack 311. At this time, the part of the water surface with a higher temperature will dissipate heat, and the second spring 39 is compressed. When the temperature dissipates to the normal temperature, the output end of the electric push rod 342 retracts, and the second spring 39 provides elastic force to push the moving frame 31 to the center of the floating frame 1. Compared with the prior art, the second spring 39 of the present invention enables the moving frame 31 to move automatically, so that the moving frame 31 does not need to be controlled to move to the center position again.

[0067] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown: Both ends of the float box 11 along the Y-axis are provided with fixing grooves 14 that cooperate with the connecting strip 12.

[0068] By fixing the connecting strips 12 sequentially in the fixing grooves 14, the floating frame 1 in the Y-axis direction is fixed. Compared with the prior art, the fixing grooves 14 and connecting strips 12 of the present invention work together to fix the floating frame 1 in the Y-axis direction, thereby ensuring the stability of the entire photovoltaic panel 2 moving system.

[0069] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel moving system based on water temperature under the photovoltaic panel, comprising a floating frame (1), a photovoltaic panel (2), a moving component (3), and a water temperature sensor, characterized in that, The moving component (3) includes a moving frame (31), a moving plate (32), a moving block (33), and a driving structure (34); The number of floating frames (1) is at least one. All floating frames (1) are evenly arranged along the X-axis and Y-axis. The two ends of the floating frames (1) along the Y-axis are pontoons (11), and the two ends of the floating frames (1) along the X-axis are connecting strips (12). The movable frame (31) is slidably set inside the floating frame (1). The sliding direction of the movable frame (31) is parallel to the Y-axis direction. A first hinge rod (21) is hinged at the center of the downward-facing side of the photovoltaic panel (2). The other end of the first hinge rod (21) is hinged to the center of the movable frame (31). The movable plate (32) is slidably set inside the floating frame (1), and the sliding direction of the movable plate (32) is parallel to the Y-axis direction; Movable blocks (33) are slidably provided on the upward-facing side of both the movable frame (31) and the movable plate (32). The sliding direction of the movable blocks (33) is parallel to the Y-axis direction. A second hinge rod (22) is hinged to the downward-facing end of the photovoltaic panel (2). The other end of the second hinge rod (22) is hinged to the movable block (33). The drive structure (34) is fixedly mounted on the connecting bar (12). The drive structure (34) can drive the moving frame (31) and the movable block (33) to move respectively. The water temperature sensor is fixedly mounted on the float box (11). The water temperature sensor is connected to the drive structure (34) via signal. The moving component (3) also includes a first gear (35); The first gear (35) is rotatably disposed inside the movable frame (31). The rotation axis of the first gear (35) is parallel to the X-axis. The drive structure (34) can drive the first gear (35) to rotate. The movable block (33) is fixedly connected to the first rack (331) that can mesh with the first gear (35). The first rack (331) is located at the top inside the movable frame (31). The moving component (3) also includes a second gear (36); The second gear (36) can be slidably mounted on the first gear (35). The second gear (36) is coaxial with the first gear (35) and is located between the connecting bar (12) and the moving frame (31). A limiting protrusion (361) is elastically connected to the side of the second gear (36) close to the first gear (35). The limiting protrusion (361) slides along the axial direction of the second gear (36). The first gear (35) is provided with a limiting hole (351) that works with the limiting protrusion (361). The driving structure (34) can drive the second gear (36) to rotate. The bottom of the moving frame (31) is provided with a second rack (311) that can mesh with the second gear (36). The drive structure includes a servo motor (341), an electric push rod (342), and a connecting rod (343). The servo motor (341) is fixedly mounted on the outermost connecting bar (12) in the X-axis direction. The output shaft of the servo motor (341) is set towards the interior of the floating frame (1) and a transmission shaft is fixedly mounted on it coaxially. The second gear (36) is slidably connected to the transmission shaft coaxially. The electric push rod (342) is fixedly mounted on the outermost moving plate (32) in the X-axis direction. The output end of the electric push rod (342) is set towards the interior of the floating frame (1). The connecting bar (12) has a long through hole for the electric push rod (342) to slide. The two ends of the connecting rod (343) can be fixedly connected to the two adjacent second gears (36) coaxially. The second gear (36) is slidably connected to the connecting rod (343) coaxially. The output end of the electric push rod (342) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (343) away from the servo motor (341) coaxially. The water temperature sensor is connected to the electric push rod (342) signal.

2. The photovoltaic panel moving system based on water temperature under the photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving component (3) also includes a first spring (37); A first spring (37) is fixedly installed between the first gear (35) and the second gear (36) in the same floating frame (1), and the axis of the first spring (37) is coaxial with the axis of the first gear (35).

3. The photovoltaic panel moving system based on water temperature under the photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, A magnetic ring (352) is coaxially fixed on the side of the first gear (35) away from the second gear (36), and a magnetic plate (312) that can cooperate with the magnetic ring (352) is fixed on the moving frame (31).

4. The photovoltaic panel moving system based on water temperature under the photovoltaic panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the movable frame (31) is elastically connected to a connecting frame (313), which slides along the Z-axis and is fixedly connected to the second rack (311).

5. The photovoltaic panel moving system based on water temperature under the photovoltaic panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The moving component (3) also includes a wedge block (38); The wedge block (38) is elastically connected to the bottom of the moving frame (31). The wedge block (38) slides along the X-axis. The inclined surface of the wedge block (38) is set towards the direction close to the connecting frame (313). A magnetic sheet (381) is fixedly installed at the end of the wedge block (38) away from the connecting moving frame (31). A magnetic strip (344) that works in cooperation with the magnetic sheet (381) is fixedly installed on the connecting rod (343).

6. The photovoltaic panel moving system based on water temperature under the photovoltaic panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The moving component (3) also includes a second spring (39); Guide bars (314) are fixedly installed at both ends of the movable frame (31) and the movable plate (32) along the Y-axis direction. A guide hole (13) is opened on the float (11) to cooperate with the sliding of the guide bar (314). The second spring (39) is fixedly installed between the guide bar (314) and the float (11). The axis of the second spring (39) is parallel to the Y-axis direction.

7. The photovoltaic panel moving system based on water temperature under the photovoltaic panel according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The pontoon (11) has a fixing groove (14) at both ends along the Y-axis direction to work with the connecting strip (12).

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