A composite transmission mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a composite transmission mechanism, wherein the two ends of an input shaft are respectively connected to an engine and one end of a second clutch; the input shaft is connected to a first transmission shaft via a first clutch unit; the two ends of a hydraulic unit are respectively connected to the first and second transmission shafts; the other end of the second clutch is connected to one end of a third transmission shaft; the other end of the third transmission shaft is connected to one end of a fifth clutch; the other end of the fifth clutch is connected to an output shaft; the second transmission shaft is connected to a planetary unit via a first gear set; the planetary unit is connected to a third clutch unit and a fourth clutch unit; the third and fourth clutch units are both mounted on the third transmission shaft; and the output shaft is sequentially mounted with a sixth clutch unit, a seventh clutch unit, and an eighth clutch unit along the power transmission direction. The present invention solves the problems of a bulldozer being unable to shift gears and having high fuel consumption during operation, thereby improving operating efficiency and reducing energy waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transmissions, in particular to a compound transmission mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Bulldozers are an indispensable type of construction machinery used in infrastructure construction. Their primary transmission method is hydromechanical, where the engine drives a hydraulic pump, which pumps pressurized oil through hydraulic pipes to the wheel-mounted hydraulic motors, which in turn drive the wheel-mounted travel mechanisms. This transmission method has a simple overall structure and a wide range of applications. However, it is inefficient, resulting in high fuel consumption and high pollutant emissions. Furthermore, as high-horsepower machinery, bulldozers often operate under heavy loads, and common manual transmissions often prevent gear changes during operation or require the vehicle to stop. This limits the vehicle's operational efficiency, significantly wastes fuel, and is detrimental to energy conservation, emission reduction, and operational efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a composite transmission mechanism to solve the problems of inability to shift gears and high fuel consumption during bulldozer operation.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A composite transmission mechanism includes an engine, a hydraulic unit, an input shaft, a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a third transmission shaft, and an output shaft;

[0006] The two ends of the input shaft are respectively connected to the engine and one end of the second clutch, the input shaft is connected to the first transmission shaft through the first clutch unit, the two ends of the hydraulic unit are respectively connected to the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft, the other end of the second clutch is connected to one end of the third transmission shaft, the other end of the third transmission shaft is connected to one end of the fifth clutch, and the other end of the fifth clutch is connected to the output shaft;

[0007] The second transmission shaft is connected to the planetary unit through the first gear set, the planetary unit is connected to the third clutch unit and the fourth clutch unit, the third clutch unit and the fourth clutch unit are both installed on the third transmission shaft, and the sixth clutch unit, the seventh clutch unit and the eighth clutch unit are installed on the output shaft in sequence along the power transmission direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the hydraulic unit includes a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, the output end of the hydraulic pump is connected to the input end of the hydraulic motor via a spline, and the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor share a housing.

[0009] Furthermore, the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft are both arranged parallel to the input shaft, one end of the first transmission shaft is connected to the input end of the hydraulic pump through a spline, and one end of the second transmission shaft is connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor through a spline.

[0010] Furthermore, the first clutch unit includes a first clutch, a first gear and a second gear, the first gear is mounted on the input shaft through a spline, the second gear is loosely mounted on the first transmission shaft, the first gear and the second gear are meshed, one end of the first clutch is mounted on the first transmission shaft through a spline, and the other end of the first clutch is connected to the second gear through a spline.

[0011] Furthermore, the first gear set includes a third gear and a fourth gear, the third gear is mounted on the second transmission shaft via a spline, the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear, the fourth gear is mounted on a hollow shaft via a spline, and the hollow shaft is loosely sleeved on the input shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the planetary carrier in the planetary unit is connected to one end of the hollow shaft through a spline, and a transmission sleeve is mounted on the planetary carrier. The two ends of the transmission sleeve are respectively connected to the sixth gear and the seventh gear through splines. The sixth gear is engaged with the fifth gear, and the fifth gear is installed on the input shaft through a spline.

[0013] Furthermore, the third clutch in the third clutch unit and the fourth clutch in the fourth clutch unit share a common bracket, and the common bracket of the third clutch and the fourth clutch is installed on the third transmission shaft through a spline, one end of the third clutch is connected to the second ring gear through a spline, the second ring gear is an internal ring gear, and the second ring gear is engaged with the seventh gear, and one end of the fourth clutch is connected to the first ring gear through a spline, the first ring gear is an internal ring gear, and the first ring gear is engaged with the sixth gear.

[0014] Furthermore, the sixth clutch in the sixth clutch unit and the seventh clutch in the seventh clutch unit share a common bracket, and the common bracket of the sixth clutch and the seventh clutch is installed on the fourth transmission shaft through a spline, one end of the sixth clutch is connected to the tenth gear through a spline, and one end of the seventh clutch is connected to the twelfth gear through a spline, and the tenth gear and the twelfth gear are both loosely mounted on the fourth transmission shaft, the tenth gear is engaged with the eleventh gear, and the twelfth gear is engaged with the thirteenth gear, and the eleventh gear and the thirteenth gear are both mounted on the output shaft through splines.

[0015] Furthermore, the third transmission shaft is arranged in parallel with the fourth transmission shaft, and an eighth gear is installed on the third transmission shaft through a spline. The eighth gear is engaged with a ninth gear, and the ninth gear is installed on the fourth transmission shaft through a spline.

[0016] Furthermore, the output shaft is arranged parallel to the fourth transmission shaft, one end of the eighth clutch in the eighth clutch unit is installed on the output shaft through a spline, and the other end of the eighth clutch is connected to the fifteenth gear through a spline, and the fifteenth gear is loosely mounted on the output shaft, and the fifteenth gear is engaged with the fourteenth gear, and the fourteenth gear is installed on the fourth transmission shaft through a spline.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a compound transmission mechanism that combines hydraulic and mechanical forces to transmit engine power to a planetary unit after speed regulation via a hydraulic unit, thereby improving the vehicle's power output and transmission efficiency. Simultaneously, a clutch shift mechanism is employed, wherein the planetary unit transmits power to any engaged clutch of the third or fourth clutch for gear shifting and speed regulation. The power is then transmitted via a third transmission shaft to any engaged clutch of the fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth clutches. After gear shifting and speed regulation, the power is output via an output shaft, enabling power shifting during vehicle operation without power interruption or stopping, thereby improving operational efficiency. By providing four forward cruise gears and eight power-combined operating gears, reverse gears can be achieved through speed regulation via a hydraulic unit. Thus, the compound transmission mechanism of the present invention has a total of 12 forward gears and 8 reverse gears, thereby improving the vehicle's transmission efficiency when traveling without load, maximizing the vehicle's power output, reducing energy waste and fuel consumption, and further enhancing the vehicle's energy conservation and emission reduction capabilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the transmission route of the present invention.

[0021] Among them: M-engine, T0-hydraulic pump, T1-hydraulic motor, Z01-input shaft, Z02-first transmission shaft, Z03-second transmission shaft, Z04-hollow shaft, Z05-third transmission shaft, Z06-fourth transmission shaft, Z07-output shaft, 01-first gear, 02-second gear, 03-third gear, 04-fourth gear, 05-fifth gear, 06-sixth gear, 07-seventh gear, 08-first ring gear, 09-eighth gear, 10-ninth gear, 11-tenth gear, 12-eleventh gear, 13-twelfth gear, 14-thirteenth gear, 15-fourteenth gear, 16-fifteenth gear, 17-planet carrier, 18-drive shaft sleeve, 19-second ring gear, A-first clutch, B-second clutch, C-third clutch, D-fourth clutch, E-fifth clutch, F-sixth clutch, G-seventh clutch, H-eighth clutch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0028] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0029] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a compound transmission mechanism, including an engine M, a hydraulic pump T0, a hydraulic motor T1, an input shaft Z01, a first transmission shaft Z02, a second transmission shaft Z03, a hollow shaft Z04, a third transmission shaft Z05, a fourth transmission shaft Z06, an output shaft Z07, a first gear 01, a second gear 02, a third gear 03, a fourth gear 04, a fifth gear 05, a sixth gear 06, a seventh gear 07, a first ring gear 08, an eighth gear 09, a ninth gear 10, a tenth gear 11, an eleventh gear 12, a twelfth gear 13, a thirteenth gear 14, a fourteenth gear 15, a fifteenth gear 16, a planetary carrier 17, a transmission shaft sleeve 18, a second ring gear 19, a first clutch A, a second clutch B, a third clutch C, a fourth clutch D, a fifth clutch E, a sixth clutch F, a seventh clutch G, and an eighth clutch H.

[0030] The left end of input shaft Z01 is splined to the output of engine M, and the right end is splined to one end of second clutch B. The right end of first transmission shaft Z02 is splined to the input of hydraulic pump T0, and the output of hydraulic pump T0 is splined to the input of hydraulic motor T1. Hydraulic pump T0 and hydraulic motor T1 share a common housing. The left end of second transmission shaft Z03 is splined to the output of hydraulic motor T1. Both first and second transmission shafts Z02 and Z03 are arranged parallel to input shaft Z01. The right end of first clutch A is splined to first transmission shaft Z02, and the left end is splined to second gear O2. Second gear O2 is loosely mounted on first transmission shaft Z02 and meshes with first gear O1. First gear O1 is splined to input shaft Z01. The third gear 03 is mounted on the third transmission shaft Z03 through a spline and meshes with the fourth gear 04. The fourth gear 04 is mounted on the hollow shaft Z04 through a spline. The hollow shaft Z04 is loosely sleeved on the input shaft Z01. The right end of the hollow shaft Z04 is splined to the planet carrier 17.

[0031] A drive sleeve 18 is mounted on the planetary carrier 17. Its left end is splined to the sixth gear O6, and its right end is splined to the seventh gear O7. Sixth gear O6 meshes with fifth gear O5 and first ring gear O8, respectively. Fifth gear O5 is splined to input shaft Z01. First ring gear O8 is an internal gear, its right end splined to one end of fourth clutch D. Seventh gear O7 meshes with second ring gear 19, an internal gear, its right end splined to one end of third clutch C. Third clutch C and fourth clutch D share a common bracket, which is splined to third transmission shaft Z05. Third transmission shaft Z05's left end is splined to one end of second clutch B, and its right end is splined to one end of fifth clutch E. The other end of fifth clutch E is splined to the left end of output shaft Z07.

[0032] The eighth gear 09 is splined to the third transmission shaft Z05 and meshes with the ninth gear 10, which is splined to the fourth transmission shaft Z06. The fourth transmission shaft Z06 is parallel to both the third transmission shaft Z05 and the output shaft Z07. The sixth clutch F and the seventh clutch G share a bracket, which is splined to the fourth transmission shaft Z06. The tenth gear 11 is loosely mounted on the fourth transmission shaft Z06, splined to one end of the sixth clutch F and meshing with the eleventh gear 12, which is splined to the output shaft Z07. The twelfth gear 13 is loosely mounted on the fourth transmission shaft Z06, splined to one end of the seventh clutch G and meshing with the thirteenth gear 14, which is splined to the output shaft Z07. The left end of the eighth clutch H is mounted on the output shaft Z07 via a spline, and the right end is connected to the fifteenth gear 16 via a spline. The fifteenth gear 16 is loosely mounted on the output shaft Z07 and meshes with the fourteenth gear 15. The fourteenth gear 15 is mounted on the fourth transmission shaft Z06 via a spline.

[0033] The power transmission route of the composite transmission mechanism of the present invention is shown in Table 1 below:

[0034] Table 1 Power transmission route

[0035]

[0036] As shown in Table 1, the transmission of the present invention has 12 forward gears, with gears 1 through 4 being the no-load cruising gears. Power from engine M is transmitted via input shaft Z01 to second clutch B. After shifting and speed regulation by second clutch B, power is transmitted via third transmission shaft Z05 to any engaged clutch among fifth clutch E, sixth clutch F, seventh clutch G, and eighth clutch H. After shifting and speed regulation, power is output via output shaft Z07. The use of mechanical transmission improves transmission efficiency when the vehicle is no-load, reduces energy waste, lowers fuel consumption, and achieves energy conservation and emission reduction. Gears 5 through 12 are power-compound operating gears. Engine M's power is transmitted via input shaft Z01 to the first clutch A. After shifting and speed adjustment by the first clutch A, it is then transferred to the planetary gear unit through a hydraulic unit for speed adjustment. Alternatively, engine M's power is directly transmitted via input shaft Z01 to the planetary gear unit, which then transmits the power to any engaged clutch of the third clutch C or fourth clutch D for shifting and speed adjustment. The power is then transmitted via the third transmission shaft Z05 to any engaged clutch of the fifth clutch E, sixth clutch F, seventh clutch G, or eighth clutch H. After shifting and speed adjustment, the power is output through output shaft Z07. Reverse gears can be achieved using a hydraulic pump for speed adjustment. This means the compound transmission mechanism of the present invention has a total of 12 forward gears and 8 reverse gears (the gear numbers in Table 1 are not related to the actual gear sequence). This allows the vehicle to automatically shift even during heavy-load operations without power interruption or stalling, improving operational efficiency and resolving the issues of bulldozers experiencing gear shifting difficulties and high fuel consumption during operation.

[0037] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite transmission mechanism, characterized in that: It includes an engine (M), a hydraulic unit, an input shaft (Z01), a first transmission shaft (Z02), a second transmission shaft (Z03), a third transmission shaft (Z05) and an output shaft (Z07); The two ends of the input shaft (Z01) are respectively connected to the engine (M) and one end of the second clutch (B); the input shaft (Z01) is connected to the first transmission shaft (Z02) through the first clutch unit; the two ends of the hydraulic unit are respectively connected to the first transmission shaft (Z02) and the second transmission shaft (Z03); the other end of the second clutch (B) is connected to one end of the third transmission shaft (Z05); the other end of the third transmission shaft (Z05) is connected to one end of the fifth clutch (E); and the other end of the fifth clutch (E) is connected to the output shaft (Z07); The second transmission shaft (Z03) is connected to the planetary unit through the first gear set, the planetary unit is connected to the third clutch unit and the fourth clutch unit, the third clutch unit and the fourth clutch unit are both mounted on the third transmission shaft (Z05), and the sixth clutch unit, the seventh clutch unit and the eighth clutch unit are sequentially mounted on the output shaft (Z07) along the power transmission direction; The first gear set comprises a third gear (03) and a fourth gear (04), the third gear (03) being mounted on the second transmission shaft (Z03) via a spline, the third gear (03) being meshed with the fourth gear (04), the fourth gear (04) being mounted on a hollow shaft (Z04) via a spline, and the hollow shaft (Z04) being loosely sleeved on the input shaft (Z01); The planet carrier (17) in the planetary unit is connected to one end of a hollow shaft (Z04) via a spline, a transmission sleeve (18) is hollowly sleeved on the planet carrier (17), and both ends of the transmission sleeve (18) are respectively connected to a sixth gear (06) and a seventh gear (07) via splines, the sixth gear (06) is meshed with a fifth gear (05), and the fifth gear (05) is mounted on the input shaft (Z01) via a spline; The third clutch (C) in the third clutch unit and the fourth clutch (D) in the fourth clutch unit share a common bracket, the common bracket of the third clutch (C) and the fourth clutch (D) is mounted on the third transmission shaft (Z05) via a spline, one end of the third clutch (C) is connected to the second gear ring (19) via a spline, the second gear ring (19) is an internal gear ring, and the second gear ring (19) is engaged with the seventh gear (07), one end of the fourth clutch (D) is connected to the first gear ring (08) via a spline, the first gear ring (08) is an internal gear ring, and the first gear ring (08) is engaged with the sixth gear (06); The sixth clutch (F) in the sixth clutch unit and the seventh clutch (G) in the seventh clutch unit share a common bracket, the common bracket of the sixth clutch (F) and the seventh clutch (G) is mounted on the fourth transmission shaft (Z06) via a spline, one end of the sixth clutch (F) is connected to the tenth gear (11) via a spline, one end of the seventh clutch (G) is connected to the twelfth gear (13) via a spline, the tenth gear (11) and the twelfth gear (13) are both loosely mounted on the fourth transmission shaft (Z06), the tenth gear (11) is meshed with the eleventh gear (12), the twelfth gear (13) is meshed with the thirteenth gear (14), and the eleventh gear (12) and the thirteenth gear (14) are both mounted on the output shaft (Z07) via a spline; The third transmission shaft (Z05) is arranged in parallel with the fourth transmission shaft (Z06); an eighth gear (09) is mounted on the third transmission shaft (Z05) via a spline; the eighth gear (09) is meshed with a ninth gear (10); and the ninth gear (10) is mounted on the fourth transmission shaft (Z06) via a spline; The output shaft (Z07) is arranged in parallel with the fourth transmission shaft (Z06), one end of the eighth clutch (H) in the eighth clutch unit is mounted on the output shaft (Z07) through a spline, and the other end of the eighth clutch (H) is connected to the fifteenth gear (16) through a spline, and the fifteenth gear (16) is loosely sleeved on the output shaft (Z07), and the fifteenth gear (16) is engaged with the fourteenth gear (15), and the fourteenth gear (15) is mounted on the fourth transmission shaft (Z06) through a spline.

2. A composite transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic unit comprises a hydraulic pump (T0) and a hydraulic motor (T1); the output end of the hydraulic pump (T0) is connected to the input end of the hydraulic motor (T1) via a spline; the hydraulic pump (T0) and the hydraulic motor (T1) share a housing.

3. A composite transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission shaft (Z02) and the second transmission shaft (Z03) are both arranged parallel to the input shaft (Z01); one end of the first transmission shaft (Z02) is connected to the input end of the hydraulic pump (T0) via a spline, and one end of the second transmission shaft (Z03) is connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor (T1) via a spline.

4. A composite transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clutch unit comprises a first clutch (A), a first gear (01) and a second gear (02), wherein the first gear (01) is mounted on an input shaft (Z01) via a spline, and the second gear (02) is loosely sleeved on a first transmission shaft (Z02), the first gear (01) and the second gear (02) are engaged, one end of the first clutch (A) is mounted on the first transmission shaft (Z02) via a spline, and the other end of the first clutch (A) is connected to the second gear (02) via a spline.

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