A circuit for locomotive sensor backlash adjustment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of circuits for locomotive sensor hysteresis adjustment, it is related to intelligent detection and control field, to solve the problem that electronic pressure hysteresis circuit controlled with flip-flop cannot realize the expected hysteresis control target, its technical scheme main points are including first power conversion module, second power conversion module, reference voltage stabilizing module, sensor information acquisition module, signal amplification module, upper limit comparison module, lower limit comparison module and power drive module, first power conversion module is electrically connected with second power conversion module, second power conversion module is electrically connected with reference voltage stabilizing module, sensor information acquisition module is electrically connected with signal amplification module, signal amplification module is electrically connected with upper limit comparison module and lower limit comparison module respectively, upper limit comparison module and lower limit comparison module other end are electrically connected with power drive module.It has reached the effect of improving hysteresis control and pressure acquisition precision and accurate control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent detection and control technology, and in particular to a circuit for adjusting the hysteresis of locomotive sensors. Background Technology

[0002] The locomotive detects pressure. When the pressure value rises from the initial value to the set pressure value, the output port switches (K1 port normally closed to normally open, K2 port normally open to normally closed); when the pressure value drops from high to low to the set pressure value, the output port switches again (K1 port normally open to normally closed, K2 port normally closed to normally open). The difference between the set high pressure value and the low pressure value is the hysteresis of the pressure detection action.

[0003] The existing technical solutions mentioned above have the following drawbacks: The pressure detection sensors used in the past were mechanical pressure sensors, which used the hysteresis of mechanical springs during pressure application and release to achieve hysteresis control of the pressure value. This control method has poor control accuracy, and the hysteresis accuracy will also deteriorate as the elasticity of the spring changes, making it impossible to accurately control the pressure value. Electronic pressure hysteresis circuits controlled by triggers are also unable to achieve the expected hysteresis control target due to the complexity of the control circuit and the limited size of the sensor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a circuit for adjusting the hysteresis of locomotive sensors to solve the hysteresis control problem in locomotive pressure detection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A circuit for locomotive sensor hysteresis adjustment includes a first power conversion module, a second power conversion module, a reference voltage regulator module, a sensor information acquisition module, a signal amplification module, an upper limit comparison module, a lower limit comparison module, and a power drive module. The first power conversion module is electrically connected to the second power conversion module, the second power conversion module is electrically connected to the reference voltage regulator module, the sensor information acquisition module is electrically connected to the signal amplification module, the signal amplification module is electrically connected to the upper limit comparison module and the lower limit comparison module respectively, and the other end of the upper limit comparison module and the lower limit comparison module is electrically connected to the power drive module.

[0007] The first power conversion module is used to convert the voltage of the locomotive power supply;

[0008] The second power conversion module is used to convert the voltage output by the first power conversion module;

[0009] The reference voltage regulator module is used to obtain a stable internal reference voltage.

[0010] The sensor information acquisition module is used to convert pressure values ​​into processable electrical signals;

[0011] The signal amplification module is used to process the weak signal collected by the sensor into a standard voltage signal that is linearly related to the pressure.

[0012] The upper limit comparison module is used to set the upper limit voltage value, compare the sensor signal with it, control the saturation and cutoff states of the transistor, and realize the upper limit control of the pressure value.

[0013] The lower limit comparison module is used to set the lower limit voltage value, compare the sensor signal with it, control the saturation and cutoff states of the transistor, and realize the lower limit control of the pressure value.

[0014] The power drive module is used to control the on / off state of the relay, supply power to the subsequent power devices, and achieve power amplification.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, electronic pressure sensors are used to replace traditional mechanical pressure sensors, thereby improving the control accuracy and repeatability of the product. By using comparators and power drive components, upper and lower limit pressure control can be achieved very simply, achieving the goals of simple control, low cost, and small size.

[0016] Furthermore, the first power conversion module is a 1DC / DC power conversion module, used to convert the locomotive power supply 110VDC to 24V / DC, and the second power conversion module is a 2DC / DC power conversion module, used to convert 24V / DC to 9V / DC.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the locomotive power supply 110V / DC is converted to 24V / DC, and the 24V / DC is converted to 9V / DC. In the single power supply operation mode, an internal reference level point is required. Through the voltage regulation function of the Zener diode, a stable internal reference voltage is obtained.

[0018] Furthermore, the first power conversion module, the second power conversion module, and the reference voltage regulator module internally include a terminal block J1, a fuse F1, a bidirectional TVS diode MOV1, a first power converter U1, a low-frequency filter capacitor C3, a high-frequency filter capacitor C4, a second power converter U3, a high-frequency filter capacitor C5, a current-limiting voltage divider resistor R11, and a high-precision voltage regulator circuit D5.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, J1 is a terminal block for connecting to the power supply provided by the locomotive, F1 is a fuse to prevent short circuits, and MOV1 is a bidirectional TVS diode to provide short-circuit protection when the voltage exceeds the specified value.

[0020] Furthermore, the circuit connection structure of the first power conversion module, the second power conversion module, and the reference voltage regulator module is as follows: pin 1 of terminal J1, one end of the bidirectional TVS diode MOV1, and pin 1 of the first power converter U1 are electrically connected; pin 2 of terminal J1 is electrically connected to one end of fuse F1; the other end of fuse F1, the other end of the bidirectional TVS diode MOV1, and pin 2 of the first power converter U1 are electrically connected; pin 6 of the first power converter U1 is grounded; and pin 4 of the first power converter U1 and the low-frequency filter capacitor are connected... One end of capacitor C3, one end of high-frequency filter capacitor C4, and pin 3 of the second power converter U3 are electrically connected. The other ends of low-frequency filter capacitor C3 and high-frequency filter capacitor C4 are grounded. Pin 2 of the second power converter U3 is grounded. Pin 1 of the second power converter U3, one end of high-frequency filter capacitor C5, and one end of current-limiting voltage divider resistor R11 are electrically connected. The other end of high-frequency filter capacitor C5 is grounded. The other end of current-limiting voltage divider resistor R11 is electrically connected to one end of high-precision voltage regulator circuit D5. The other end of high-precision voltage regulator circuit D5 is grounded.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the main purpose is to connect the locomotive to the power supply and stabilize it to 9V and 24V to other circuits, so as to ensure the overall voltage stabilization effect and at the same time achieve good detection and control effect of electronic pressure sensor.

[0022] Furthermore, the sensor information acquisition module and signal amplification module internally include a voltage regulator circuit composed of diode D1 and resistor R1, a compensation diode D2, a power drive transistor Q1, a current-limiting voltage divider resistor R2, a power drive transistor Q1, a diffused silicon pressure core D3, a high-frequency filter capacitor C1, a low-frequency filter capacitor C2, an operational amplifier U2A, an input resistor R3, an input resistor R4, a feedback resistor R8, a voltage divider circuit composed of resistors R5, R6 and R7, and a bias resistor R9.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the pressure value is converted into a processable electrical signal through a diffused silicon pressure core, and the weak signal collected by the sensor is processed into a standard voltage signal that is linearly related to the pressure through an operational amplifier. The output signal of the operational amplifier is stabilized by connecting it to an internal reference voltage.

[0024] Furthermore, one end of diode D1 is connected to a regulated 9V voltage. The other end of diode D1, one end of resistor R1, and one end of compensation diode D2 are electrically connected. The other end of resistor R1 is grounded. The other end of compensation diode D2 is electrically connected to pin 1 of power drive transistor Q1. Pin 3 of power drive transistor Q1 is electrically connected to one end of current-limiting voltage divider resistor R2. Pin 2 of power drive transistor Q1 is electrically connected to pin 2 of diffused silicon pressure core D3. Pin 1 of diffused silicon pressure core D3, one end of high-frequency filter capacitor C1, one end of low-frequency filter capacitor C2, and one end of input resistor R3 are electrically connected. Pin 4 of diffused silicon pressure core D3, the other end of high-frequency filter capacitor C1, and the other end of low-frequency filter capacitor C2 are electrically connected. One end of the input resistor R4 is electrically connected to one end of the input resistor R4. Pin 3 of the diffused silicon pressure core D3 is grounded. The other end of the input resistor R3, one end of the resistor R6, and pin 3 of the operational amplifier U2A are electrically connected. The other end of the resistor R6, one end of the resistor R5, and one end of the resistor R7 are electrically connected. The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to a regulated 9V voltage. The other end of the resistor R7 is grounded. The other end of the input resistor R4, one end of the feedback resistor R8, and pin 2 of the operational amplifier U2A are electrically connected. Pin 1 of the operational amplifier U2A, the other end of the feedback resistor R8, and one end of the bias resistor R9 are electrically connected. Pin 1 of the operational amplifier U2A, the other end of the feedback resistor R8, and one end of the bias resistor R9 are connected to the output point Vout.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, D3 is a diffused silicon pressure core that collects pressure values ​​and converts them into processable electrical signals. R5, R6 and R7 form a voltage divider circuit to compensate for the initial output value of the operational amplifier. By connecting to the internal reference voltage, the output signal of the operational amplifier is stabilized.

[0026] Furthermore, the upper limit comparison module, lower limit comparison module, and power drive module internally include an upper limit reference voltage adjustable circuit composed of voltage comparator U4A, input resistor R10, voltage divider resistor R13, voltage divider resistor R15, and adjustable potentiometer RV2; a lower limit reference voltage adjustable circuit composed of voltage comparator U2B, voltage divider resistor R12, voltage divider resistor R14, and adjustable potentiometer RV1; and a power drive circuit composed of power transistors Q2, Q3, Q4, base resistors R16, R17, R18, bias resistor R19, electronic control relay K, and external control terminal J2.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting an upper limit voltage value and comparing it with the sensor signal, the saturation and cutoff states of the transistor are controlled to achieve upper limit control of the pressure value. By setting a lower limit voltage value and comparing it with the sensor signal, the saturation and cutoff states of the transistor are controlled to achieve lower limit control of the pressure value.

[0028] Furthermore, the access point Vin is electrically connected to one end of the input resistor R10, the other end of the input resistor R10 is electrically connected to pin 3 of voltage comparator U4A and pin 5 of voltage comparator U2B, pin 6 of voltage comparator U2B is electrically connected to pin 2 of adjustable potentiometer RV1, pin 1 of adjustable potentiometer RV1 is electrically connected to one end of voltage divider resistor R12, the other end of voltage divider resistor R12 is grounded, and pin 3 of adjustable potentiometer RV1 is electrically connected to one end of voltage divider resistor R14. The other end of R14 is connected to a regulated 9V voltage. Pin 7 of the voltage comparator U2B is electrically connected to one end of the base resistor R17. The other end of the base resistor R17 is electrically connected to pin 1 of the power transistor Q4. Pin 2 of the power transistor Q4 is grounded. Pin 2 of the voltage comparator U4A is electrically connected to pin 2 of the adjustable potentiometer RV2. Pin 1 of the adjustable potentiometer RV2 is electrically connected to one end of the voltage divider resistor R13. The other end of the voltage divider resistor R13 is grounded. Pin 3 of the adjustable potentiometer RV2... One end of the voltage divider resistor R15 is electrically connected to the voltage divider resistor R15, and the other end of the voltage divider resistor R15 is connected to a regulated 9V voltage. Pin 1 of the voltage comparator U4A is electrically connected to one end of the base resistor R16. The other end of the base resistor R16, one end of the bias resistor R19, and pin 1 of the power transistor Q2 are electrically connected. Pin 3 of the power transistor Q2 is electrically connected to one end of the base resistor R18, and the other end of the base resistor R18 is electrically connected to pin 1 of the power transistor Q3. Pin 3 of the power transistor Q3 is connected to... After the voltage is regulated to 24V, pin 2 of the power transistor Q3, the other end of the bias resistor R19, and pin 5 of the electronic control relay K are electrically connected. Pin 8 of the electronic control relay K, pin 2 of the power transistor Q2, and pin 3 of the power transistor Q4 are electrically connected. Pin 7 of the electronic control relay K is electrically connected to pin 1 of the external control terminal J2. Pin 6 of the electronic control relay K is electrically connected to pin 2 of the external control terminal J2. Pin 12 of the electronic control relay K is connected to pin 3 of the external control terminal J2.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the voltage signals of the upper and lower limit comparators control the on and off of the relays to supply power to the subsequent power devices, thereby achieving the function of power amplification.

[0030] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. Electronic pressure signal acquisition is adopted. The upper limit setting voltage and the lower limit setting voltage are compared separately by a comparator to control the saturation and cutoff states of the corresponding transistors, thereby producing a precise control effect.

[0032] 2. A small-volume pressure sensor hysteresis control is adopted. By utilizing the self-powered capability of two transistors, the circuit can maintain continuous operation when the signal is below the upper limit voltage, thereby improving the accuracy of pressure acquisition and hysteresis control, as well as the consistency of product performance, resulting in improved hysteresis control and pressure acquisition accuracy.

[0033] 3. An upper and lower limit comparison module is adopted. When the signal is lower than the lower limit voltage, the circuit current is cut off by controlling the transistor to maintain the circuit's power-off capability and produce a stable control effect. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow logic of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power processing circuit of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor acquisition circuit of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hysteresis control circuit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The method of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] See attached document Figure 1 A circuit for locomotive sensor hysteresis adjustment includes a first power conversion module, a second power conversion module, a reference voltage regulator module, a sensor information acquisition module, a signal amplification module, an upper limit comparison module, a lower limit comparison module, and a power drive module. The first power conversion module is electrically connected to the second power conversion module, the second power conversion module is electrically connected to the reference voltage regulator module, the sensor information acquisition module is electrically connected to the signal amplification module, the signal amplification module is electrically connected to the upper limit comparison module and the lower limit comparison module respectively, and the other end of the upper limit comparison module and the lower limit comparison module is electrically connected to the power drive module.

[0040] The first power conversion module is used to convert the voltage of the locomotive power supply;

[0041] The second power conversion module is used to convert the voltage output by the first power conversion module. The first power conversion module is a 1DC / DC power conversion module, which is used to convert the locomotive power supply 110V DC to 24V / DC. The second power conversion module is a 2DC / DC power conversion module, which is used to convert 24V / DC to 9V / DC.

[0042] The reference voltage regulator module is used to obtain a stable internal reference voltage. In the single power supply operation mode, an internal reference level is required. A stable internal reference voltage is obtained through the voltage regulation function of the Zener diode.

[0043] The sensor information acquisition module is used to convert pressure values ​​into processable electrical signals;

[0044] The signal amplification module is used to process the weak signal collected by the sensor into a standard voltage signal that is linearly related to the pressure.

[0045] The upper limit comparison module is used to set the upper limit voltage value, compare the sensor signal with it, and control the saturation and cutoff states of the transistor to achieve upper limit control of the pressure value.

[0046] The lower limit comparison module is used to set the lower limit voltage value, compare the sensor signal with it, control the saturation and cutoff states of the transistor, and realize the lower limit control of the pressure value.

[0047] The power drive module uses the voltage signals from the upper and lower limit comparators to control the on / off state of the relays, thereby supplying power to the subsequent power devices and achieving power amplification.

[0048] Reference Figure 2The first power conversion module, the second power conversion module, and the reference voltage regulator module internally include a terminal block J1, a fuse F1, a bidirectional TVS diode MOV1, a first power converter U1, a low-frequency filter capacitor C3, a high-frequency filter capacitor C4, a second power converter U3, a high-frequency filter capacitor C5, a current-limiting voltage divider resistor R11, and a high-precision voltage regulator circuit D5. The circuit connection structure of the first power conversion module, the second power conversion module, and the reference voltage regulator module is as follows: pin 1 of terminal block J1, one end of the bidirectional TVS diode MOV1, and pin 1 of the first power converter U1 are electrically connected; pin 2 of terminal block J1 is electrically connected to one end of fuse F1; and the other end of fuse F1, the other end of the bidirectional TVS diode MOV1, and pin 2 of the first power converter U1 are electrically connected. Pin 6 of converter U1 is grounded. Pin 4 of the first power converter U1, one end of the low-frequency filter capacitor C3, one end of the high-frequency filter capacitor C4, and pin 3 of the second power converter U3 are electrically connected. The other ends of the low-frequency filter capacitor C3 and the high-frequency filter capacitor C4 are grounded. Pin 2 of the second power converter U3 is grounded. Pin 1 of the second power converter U3, one end of the high-frequency filter capacitor C5, and one end of the current-limiting voltage divider resistor R11 are electrically connected. The other end of the high-frequency filter capacitor C5 is grounded. The other end of the current-limiting voltage divider resistor R11 is electrically connected to one end of the high-precision voltage regulator circuit D5. The other end of the high-precision voltage regulator circuit D5 is grounded. Terminal J1 is connected to the power supply provided by the external locomotive. Fuse F1 is connected to prevent short circuits. Bidirectional TVS diode MOV1 provides short-circuit protection when the voltage exceeds the specified value.

[0049] Reference Figure 3The sensor information acquisition module and signal amplification module internally include a voltage regulator circuit composed of diode D1 and resistor R1, a compensation diode D2, a power drive transistor Q1, a current-limiting voltage divider resistor R2, a power drive transistor Q1, a diffused silicon pressure core D3, a high-frequency filter capacitor C1, a low-frequency filter capacitor C2, an operational amplifier U2A, input resistors R3 and R4, a feedback resistor R8, a voltage divider circuit composed of resistors R5, R6, and R7, and a bias resistor R9. One end of diode D1 is connected to the regulated 9V voltage. The other end of diode D1, one end of resistor R1, and one end of compensation diode D2 are electrically connected. The other end of resistor R1 is grounded. The other end of compensation diode D2 is electrically connected to pin 1 of power drive transistor Q1. Pin 3 of power drive transistor Q1 is electrically connected to one end of current-limiting and voltage-dividing resistor R2. Pin 2 of power drive transistor Q1 is electrically connected to pin 2 of diffused silicon pressure core D3. Pin 1 of diffused silicon pressure core D3, one end of high-frequency filter capacitor C1, one end of low-frequency filter capacitor C2, and one end of input resistor R3 are electrically connected. Pin 4 of chip D3, the other end of high-frequency filter capacitor C1, the other end of low-frequency filter capacitor C2, and one end of input resistor R4 are electrically connected. Pin 3 of diffused silicon pressure chip D3 is grounded. The other end of input resistor R3, one end of resistor R6, and pin 3 of operational amplifier U2A are electrically connected. The other end of resistor R6, one end of resistor R5, and one end of resistor R7 are electrically connected. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to a regulated 9V voltage. The other end of resistor R7 is grounded. The other end of input resistor R4, one end of feedback resistor R8, and the operational amplifier... Pin 2 of U2A is electrically connected. Pin 1 of operational amplifier U2A, the other end of feedback resistor R8, and one end of bias resistor R9 are electrically connected. Pin 1 of operational amplifier U2A, the other end of feedback resistor R8, and one end of bias resistor R9 are set as output point Vout. The diffused silicon pressure core D3 collects the pressure value and converts it into a processable electrical signal. R5, R6, and R7 form a voltage divider circuit to compensate for the initial output value of the operational amplifier. R9 is a bias resistor, which stabilizes the output signal of the operational amplifier by connecting to the internal reference voltage.

[0050] Reference Figure 4The upper limit comparison module, lower limit comparison module, and power drive module internally include an adjustable upper limit reference voltage circuit composed of voltage comparator U4A, input resistor R10, voltage divider resistors R13 and R15, and adjustable potentiometer RV2; an adjustable lower limit reference voltage circuit composed of voltage comparator U2B, voltage divider resistors R12 and R14, and adjustable potentiometer RV1; and a power drive circuit composed of power transistors Q2, Q3, Q4, base resistors R16, R17, and R18, bias resistor R19, electronic control relay K, and external control terminal J2. The input point Vin is electrically connected to one end of the input resistor R10. The other end of the input resistor R10 is electrically connected to pin 3 of voltage comparator U4A and pin 5 of voltage comparator U2B. Pin 6 of voltage comparator U2B is electrically connected to pin 2 of adjustable potentiometer RV1. Pin 1 of adjustable potentiometer RV1 is electrically connected to one end of voltage divider resistor R12, and the other end of voltage divider resistor R12 is grounded. Pin 3 of adjustable potentiometer RV1 is electrically connected to one end of voltage divider resistor R14, and the other end of voltage divider resistor R14 is connected to a regulated 9V voltage. Pin 7 of voltage comparator U2B is electrically connected to one end of base resistor R17, and the other end of base resistor R17 is connected to the power transistor. Pin 1 of transistor Q4 is electrically connected, pin 2 of power transistor Q4 is grounded, pin 2 of voltage comparator U4A is electrically connected to pin 2 of adjustable potentiometer RV2, pin 1 of adjustable potentiometer RV2 is electrically connected to one end of voltage divider resistor R13, the other end of voltage divider resistor R13 is grounded, pin 3 of adjustable potentiometer RV2 is electrically connected to one end of voltage divider resistor R15, the other end of voltage divider resistor R15 is connected to a regulated 9V voltage, pin 1 of voltage comparator U4A is electrically connected to one end of base resistor R16, the other end of base resistor R16, one end of bias resistor R19 is electrically connected to pin 1 of power transistor Q2, and pin 3 of power transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the base resistor R16. One end of the base resistor R18 is electrically connected, and the other end of the base resistor R18 is electrically connected to pin 1 of the power transistor Q3. Pin 3 of the power transistor Q3 is connected to the regulated 24V voltage. Pin 2 of the power transistor Q3, the other end of the bias resistor R19, and pin 5 of the electronic control relay K are electrically connected. Pin 8 of the electronic control relay K, pin 2 of the power transistor Q2, and pin 3 of the power transistor Q4 are electrically connected. Pin 7 of the electronic control relay K is electrically connected to pin 1 of the external control terminal J2. Pin 6 of the electronic control relay K is electrically connected to pin 2 of the external control terminal J2. Pin 12 of the electronic control relay K is connected to pin 3 of the external control terminal J2.

[0051] Working Principle: By adjusting RV1, the lower limit reference voltage is set; by adjusting RV2, the upper limit reference voltage is set. The sensor output signal voltage increases, first reaching the lower limit reference voltage value. Comparator U2B outputs a high level, and Q4 enters the saturation state. At this time, there is no voltage at the relay control terminal, and it is not in working state. The sensor output signal voltage continues to increase, reaching the upper limit reference voltage value. Comparator U4A outputs a high level, and Q2 enters the saturation state, followed by Q3. At this time, the relay control terminal voltage is 24V, and it enters the working state, realizing upper limit power-on control. When the sensor output signal voltage drops below the upper limit reference voltage value, U4A outputs a low level. At this time, Q2 and Q3 form a self-powered circuit, continuing to supply power, and relay K remains in working state. When the sensor output signal voltage drops below the lower limit reference voltage value, U2B outputs a low level. At this time, Q4 is cut off, relay K is de-energized, and simultaneously, Q2 and Q3 are cut off, realizing lower limit power-off control.

[0052] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit for locomotive sensor hysteresis adjustment, comprising a first power conversion module, a second power conversion module, a reference voltage stabilization module, a sensor information acquisition module, a signal amplification module, an upper limit comparison module, a lower limit comparison module and a power drive module, characterized in that: The first power conversion module is electrically connected with the second power conversion module, the second power conversion module is electrically connected with the reference voltage stabilization module, the sensor information acquisition module is electrically connected with the signal amplification module, the signal amplification module is electrically connected with the upper limit comparison module and the lower limit comparison module respectively, and the other ends of the upper limit comparison module and the lower limit comparison module are electrically connected with the power driving module. The first power conversion module is used for converting the voltage of the locomotive power supply. The second power conversion module is used for converting the voltage output by the first power conversion module. The reference voltage stabilization module is used for obtaining a stable internal reference voltage. The sensor information acquisition module is used for converting the pressure value into a processable electrical signal. The signal amplification module is used for processing the weak signal collected by the sensor into a standard voltage signal in linear relationship with the pressure. The upper limit comparison module is used for setting an upper limit voltage value, comparing the sensor signal with the upper limit voltage value, controlling the saturation and cutoff state of the triode, and realizing the upper limit control of the pressure value. The lower limit comparison module is used for setting a lower limit voltage value, comparing the sensor signal with the lower limit voltage value, controlling the saturation and cutoff state of the triode, and realizing the lower limit control of the pressure value. The power driving module is used for controlling the on-off of the relay, supplying power to the subsequent power device, and achieving the power amplification effect. The upper limit comparison module, the lower limit comparison module and the power driving module internally include an upper limit reference voltage adjustable circuit composed of a voltage comparator U4A, an input resistor R10, a voltage dividing resistor R13, a voltage dividing resistor R15 and an adjustable potentiometer RV2, a lower limit reference voltage adjustable circuit composed of a voltage comparator U2B, a voltage dividing resistor R12, a voltage dividing resistor R14 and an adjustable potentiometer RV1, and a power driving circuit composed of a power triode Q2, a power triode Q3, a power triode Q4, a base resistor R16, a base resistor R17, a base resistor R18, a bias resistor R19, an electronic control relay K and an external control terminal J2. The signal amplification module output point Vout is electrically connected with one end of input resistance R10, the other end of input resistance R10, 3 pin of voltage comparator U4A and 5 pin of voltage comparator U2B are electrically connected, 6 pin of voltage comparator U2B and 2 pin of adjustable potentiometer RV1 are electrically connected, 1 pin of adjustable potentiometer RV1 is electrically connected with one end of voltage dividing resistance R12, the other end of voltage dividing resistance R12 is grounded, 3 pin of adjustable potentiometer RV1 is electrically connected with one end of voltage dividing resistance R14, the other end of voltage dividing resistance R14 is connected with 9V voltage after voltage stabilization, 7 pin of voltage comparator U2B is electrically connected with one end of base resistance R17, the other end of base resistance R17 is electrically connected with 1 pin of power transistor Q4, 2 pin of power transistor Q4 is grounded, 2 pin of adjustable potentiometer RV2 is electrically connected with 2 pin of voltage comparator U4A, 1 pin of adjustable potentiometer RV2 is electrically connected with one end of voltage dividing resistance R13, the other end of voltage dividing resistance R13 is grounded, 3 pin of adjustable potentiometer RV2 is electrically connected with one end of voltage dividing resistance R15, the other end of voltage dividing resistance R15 is connected with 9V voltage after voltage stabilization, 1 pin of voltage comparator U4A and one end of base resistance R16 are electrically connected, the other end of base resistance R16, one end of bias resistance R19 and 1 pin of power transistor Q2 are electrically connected, 3 pin of power transistor Q2 and one end of base resistance R18 are electrically connected, the other end of base resistance R18 is electrically connected with 1 pin of power transistor Q3, 3 pin of power transistor Q3 is connected with 24V voltage after voltage stabilization, 2 pin of power transistor Q3, the other end of bias resistance R19 and 5 pin of electronic control relay K are electrically connected, 8 pin of electronic control relay K, 2 pin of power transistor Q2 and 3 pin of power transistor Q4 are electrically connected, 7 pin of electronic control relay K is electrically connected with 1 pin of external control terminal J2, 6 pin of electronic control relay K is electrically connected with 2 pin of external control terminal J2, 12 pin of electronic control relay K is electrically connected with 3 pin of external control terminal J2.

2. A circuit for locomotive sensor backlash adjustment as defined in claim 1 wherein: The first power conversion module is a 1DC / DC power conversion module, which is used for converting locomotive power 110V DC into 24V / DC, and the second power conversion module is a 2DC / DC power conversion module, which is used for converting 24V / DC into 9V / DC.

3. A circuit for locomotive sensor backlash adjustment as defined in claim 1 wherein: The first power conversion module, the second power conversion module and the reference voltage stabilization module internally comprise a wiring terminal J1, a fuse F1, a bidirectional TVS tube MOV1, a first power converter U1, a low-frequency filter capacitor C3, a high-frequency filter capacitor C4, a second power converter U3, a high-frequency filter capacitor C5, a current-limiting voltage dividing resistance R11 and a high-precision voltage stabilization circuit D5.

4. A circuit for locomotive sensor backlash adjustment as defined in claim 3 wherein: The circuit connection structure of the first power conversion module, the second power conversion module and the reference voltage stabilization module is that the 1-pin of the terminal J1, one end of the bidirectional TVS tube MOV1 and the 1-pin of the first power converter U1 are electrically connected, the 2-pin of the terminal J1 and one end of the fuse F1 are electrically connected, the other end of the fuse F1, the other end of the bidirectional TVS tube MOV1 and the 2-pin of the first power converter U1 are electrically connected, the 6-pin of the first power converter U1 is grounded, the 4-pin of the first power converter U1, one end of the low-frequency filter capacitor C3, one end of the high-frequency filter capacitor C4 and the 3-pin of the second power converter U3 are electrically connected, the other ends of the low-frequency filter capacitor C3 and the high-frequency filter capacitor C4 are grounded, the 2-pin of the second power converter U3 is grounded, the 1-pin of the second power converter U3, one end of the high-frequency filter capacitor C5 and one end of the current-limiting voltage-dividing resistor R11 are electrically connected, the other end of the high-frequency filter capacitor C5 is grounded, the other end of the current-limiting voltage-dividing resistor R11 is electrically connected with one end of the high-precision voltage stabilization circuit D5, and the other end of the high-precision voltage stabilization circuit D5 is grounded.

5. A circuit for locomotive sensor backlash adjustment as defined in claim 4 wherein: The sensor information acquisition module and the signal amplification module internally comprise a voltage stabilization circuit composed of a diode D1 and a resistor R1, a compensation diode D2, a current-limiting voltage-dividing resistor R2, a power driving triode Q1, a diffused silicon pressure core D3, a high-frequency filter capacitor C1, a low-frequency filter capacitor C2, an operational amplifier U2A, an input resistor R3, an input resistor R4, a feedback resistor R8, resistors R5, R6 and R7, a voltage-dividing circuit and a bias resistor R9.

6. A circuit for locomotive sensor backlash adjustment as defined in claim 5 wherein: One end of the diode D1 is connected to the stabilized 9V voltage, the other end of the diode D1, one end of the resistor R1 and one end of the compensation diode D2 are electrically connected, the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded, the other end of the compensation diode D2 is electrically connected with the 1 pin of the power drive triode Q1, the 3 pin of the power drive triode Q1 is electrically connected with one end of the current-limiting voltage dividing resistor R2, the 2 pin of the power drive triode Q1 is electrically connected with the 2 pin of the diffused silicon pressure core D3, the 1 pin of the diffused silicon pressure core D3, one end of the high-frequency filter capacitor C1, one end of the low-frequency filter capacitor C2 and one end of the input resistor R3 are electrically connected, the 4 pin of the diffused silicon pressure core D3, the other end of the high-frequency filter capacitor C1, the other end of the low-frequency filter capacitor C2 and one end of the input resistor R4 are electrically connected, the 3 pin of the diffused silicon pressure core D3 is grounded, the other end of the input resistor R3, one end of the resistor R6 and the 3 pin of the operational amplifier U2A are electrically connected, the other end of the resistor R6, one end of the resistor R5 and one end of the resistor R7 are electrically connected, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the stabilized 9V voltage, the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded, the other end of the input resistor R4, one end of the feedback resistor R8 and the 2 pin of the operational amplifier U2A are electrically connected, the 1 pin of the operational amplifier U2A, the other end of the feedback resistor R8 and one end of the bias resistor R9 are electrically connected, the 1 pin of the operational amplifier U2A, the other end of the feedback resistor R8 and one end of the bias resistor R9 are set to the output point Vout.

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