Method for testing return loss of radio frequency coaxial connectors

Abstract

This invention provides a method for testing the return loss of an RF coaxial connector, specifically including the following steps: S101: First, at least one coaxial cable is placed in an auxiliary test assembly, and then the RF coaxial connector body is also placed on the auxiliary test assembly; S102: Then, the coaxial cable is clamped by the auxiliary test assembly, and the RF coaxial connector body is also clamped when the coaxial cable is clamped; S103: Next, the coaxial cable is driven to move linearly by the auxiliary test assembly until the coaxial cable is inserted into the RF coaxial connector body; S104: Finally, the return loss is detected by a network analyzer. In this invention, not only can the return loss of the RF coaxial connector body be tested, but also, through the setting of the auxiliary test assembly, multiple RF coaxial connector bodies can be tested simultaneously, increasing the testing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radio frequency coaxial connector return loss testing technology, and in particular to a method for testing the return loss of radio frequency coaxial connectors. Background Technology

[0002] RF coaxial connectors are electrical components that act as bridges, typically considered as components mounted on cables or instruments, serving as electrical connections or disconnections between transmission lines. Return loss is an important indicator; by measuring return loss, the relationship between the impedance of the circuit board design and the characteristic impedance of the twisted pair can be clearly understood. Therefore, return loss testing is required for RF coaxial connectors.

[0003] To further understand the existing RF coaxial connector return loss testing technology, a search revealed that Chinese Patent Publication No. CN 115395985 A discloses an RF connector return loss testing method and apparatus, including a network analyzer, an oscilloscope, a test board, an RF connector, and an auxiliary plug-in assembly. The auxiliary plug-in assembly includes a clamping frame, a connecting frame, and a drive screw.

[0004] After investigation and analysis, the patent has the following drawbacks in actual use:

[0005] The RF connector return loss testing device in this patent only has two bending plates, so it can only clamp one coaxial cable at a time, and can only test one RF coaxial connector each time. It cannot be batch processed, so the efficiency is not high. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problem that existing RF connector return loss testing devices only have two bending plates, which means they can only clamp one coaxial cable at a time and can only test one RF coaxial connector at a time, thus preventing batch processing and resulting in low efficiency, this invention provides an RF coaxial connector return loss testing method.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a method for testing the return loss of an RF coaxial connector, specifically including the following steps:

[0008] S101: First, place at least one coaxial cable in the auxiliary test assembly, and then place the RF coaxial connector body on the auxiliary test assembly as well.

[0009] S102: Then, the coaxial cable is clamped by the auxiliary test components, and the RF coaxial connector body is also clamped when the coaxial cable is clamped.

[0010] S103: Next, the coaxial cable is driven to move linearly by the auxiliary test component until the coaxial cable is inserted into the body of the RF coaxial connector;

[0011] S104: Finally, return loss is detected by a network analyzer. The calculation formula is RL=20logp=20log[ ( VSWR-1) / ( VSWR +1 ) ] ( dB );

[0012] The auxiliary testing components include a coaxial cable clamping unit, a power moving unit for driving the coaxial cable clamping unit to move, an RF coaxial connector clamping unit, and a linkage driving unit.

[0013] The linkage drive unit can automatically start the operation of the RF coaxial connector clamping unit when the coaxial cable clamping unit is working.

[0014] Furthermore, the auxiliary testing component also includes a frame and a support plate fixedly mounted on the frame, and the network analyzer, coaxial cable clamping unit, power movement unit, RF coaxial connector clamping unit, and linkage drive unit are all mounted on the support plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the coaxial cable clamping unit includes a sliding frame, a sliding plate slidably mounted in the sliding frame, and a rotating column rotatably mounted on the sliding frame. The bottom end of the sliding plate is fixedly equipped with multiple sets of abutting protrusions, the inner bottom end of the sliding frame is provided with multiple sets of positioning grooves, the outside of the sliding frame is fixedly mounted with a motor, the drive shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating column, the top end of the sliding plate is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped protrusion, and the bottom end of the rotating column is fixedly provided with at least one arc-shaped plate.

[0016] Furthermore, multiple sets of second springs are fixedly connected between the slide plate and the sliding frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the power moving unit includes a groove on the support plate, a slider slidably installed in the groove, and an electric push rod fixedly installed on the outside of the support plate. The piston rod of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the slider, and the slider is fixedly connected to the sliding frame.

[0018] Furthermore, the RF coaxial connector clamping unit includes a fixed plate fixedly mounted on a support plate, multiple sets of mounting slots disposed within the fixed plate, an iron plate disposed on the fixed plate, and multiple sets of abutment posts fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the iron plate. One end of each abutment post extends into the mounting slot. Multiple sets of electromagnets are also fixedly mounted on the fixed plate.

[0019] Furthermore, a first spring is also fitted around the outside of the abutting post, and the two ends of the first spring are fixedly connected to the fixing plate and the iron plate, respectively.

[0020] Furthermore, the linkage drive unit includes a controller and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is fixedly mounted on the arc-shaped protrusion, and the controller is mounted on the support plate. Both the pressure sensor and the electromagnet are electrically coupled to the controller.

[0021] Furthermore, the motor is mounted on the support plate via a bracket.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] 1. In this invention, not only can the return loss of the RF coaxial connector body be tested, but also multiple RF coaxial connector bodies can be tested simultaneously by setting up auxiliary test components, which increases the testing efficiency.

[0024] 2. In this invention, by setting up the linkage component, the linkage drive unit can automatically start the RF coaxial connector clamping unit when the coaxial cable clamping unit is working, so that the RF coaxial connector clamping unit can automatically clamp or release the RF coaxial connector body, saving some manpower. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the testing method in this invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radio frequency coaxial connector body and the coaxial cable in this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the auxiliary testing component in this invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the auxiliary testing component in this invention from another direction;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding frame in this invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the skateboard in this invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the transfer column in this invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing plate in this invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a block diagram of the control structure of the controller in this invention.

[0034] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Support plate; 2. Slide groove; 3. Electric push rod; 4. Frame; 5. Sliding frame; 6. Fixing plate; 7. Iron plate; 8. First spring; 9. Mounting slot; 10. Electromagnet; 11. Motor; 12. Rotating column; 13. Positioning slot; 14. Slide plate; 15. Abutting protrusion; 16. Second spring; 17. Arc-shaped protrusion; 18. Arc-shaped plate; 19. Pressure sensor; 20. Controller; 21. RF coaxial connector body; 22. Coaxial cable; 23. Network analyzer; 24. Abutting column. Detailed Implementation

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-9 The present invention will be further described below.

[0038] To address the problems existing in the background technology, this application proposes the following technical solution: a method for testing the return loss of RF coaxial connectors. Example 1

[0039] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0040] S101: First, place at least one coaxial cable 22 in the auxiliary test assembly, and then place the RF coaxial connector body 21 on the auxiliary test assembly as well.

[0041] S102: Then, the coaxial cable 22 is clamped by the auxiliary test component, and the RF coaxial connector body 21 is also clamped when the coaxial cable 22 is clamped.

[0042] S103: Next, the coaxial cable 22 is driven to move linearly by the auxiliary test component until the coaxial cable 22 is inserted into the RF coaxial connector body 21;

[0043] S104: Finally, return loss is detected by network analyzer 23;

[0044] The specific calculation formula is as follows

[0045] RL=-20logp=-20log[( VSWR-1) / ( VSWR +1 )]( dB )

[0046] It should be noted that: p—reflection coefficient; VSWR—voltage standing wave ratio;

[0047] For example:

[0048] If the reflection coefficient p = 0.2, then: the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is VSWR = 1 + 0.2 / (1 - 0.2) = 1.5

[0049] Therefore, the return loss is: RL(dB) = -20log [(VSWR-1) / (VSWR+1)] (dB) = 14(dB) (rounded);

[0050] Reference Appendix Figure 2 If the incident power is a, the reflected power is b, and the power transmitted through the RF coaxial connector body 21 is c, then the incident power a reaches the interface between the RF coaxial connector body 21 and the coaxial cable 22, the power reflected back is b, and the power c is transmitted. If the return loss is close to infinity, there is no reflected wave, and all the radio waves are transmitted. The network analyzer 23 has a built-in reference receiver that can track the energy of the transmitted signal reflected back and calculate the return loss using the above formula.

[0051] To further explain, the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) is an important electrical performance indicator of the RF coaxial connector body 21, and a primary basis for evaluating the quality of the coaxial connector. If two electromagnetic waves with the same amplitude and frequency propagate in opposite directions in the same cable, they will alternately superimpose with in-phase and out-of-phase states, thus generating a standing wave. The VSWR characterizes this RF transmission characteristic of a uniform coaxial transmission line and is used to measure the quality of RF transmission performance. Return loss is another form of characterization of VSWR.

[0052] The return loss of the RF coaxial connector body 21 was tested on the network analyzer 23.

[0053] Regarding return loss, return loss is a parameter that indicates the signal reflection performance. Return loss means that a portion of the incident power is reflected back to the signal source. For example, if 1mW (0dBm) of power is injected into an amplifier and 10% of it is reflected back, the return loss is 10dB.

[0054] For specific procedures, please refer to the above operation steps S101-S104. In all cases, the coaxial cable 22 is connected to the main body 21 of the RF coaxial connector under test, and then made into an RF cable assembly. Then, it is introduced into the network analyzer 23 for testing. Therefore, the test result is actually the return loss of the entire RF cable assembly.

[0055] To assist in the return loss test of the RF coaxial connector body 21;

[0056] Therefore, the auxiliary testing components in this application include a coaxial cable clamping unit, a power moving unit for driving the coaxial cable clamping unit to move, an RF coaxial connector clamping unit, and a linkage driving unit.

[0057] The linkage drive unit can automatically start the RF coaxial connector clamping unit when the coaxial cable clamping unit is working. To explain, when the coaxial cable clamping unit is working to clamp and stabilize the coaxial cable 22, the RF coaxial connector clamping unit will also perform a corresponding clamping operation on the RF coaxial connector body 21, achieving mutual sensing clamping. On the one hand, this can increase the automation operation, and on the other hand, it eliminates the need for manual operation of the RF connector clamping unit, saving manpower.

[0058] In summary, by setting up auxiliary testing components, multiple coaxial cables 22 and RF coaxial connector bodies 21 can be installed at the same time, thus enabling the return loss testing of multiple RF coaxial connector bodies 21 at once, which greatly improves testing efficiency. Example 2

[0059] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the auxiliary testing components are specifically designed and refined.

[0060] Furthermore, the auxiliary testing components in this application also include a rack 4 and a support plate 1 fixedly mounted on the rack 4.

[0061] The network analyzer 23, coaxial cable clamping unit, power movement unit, RF coaxial connector clamping unit, and linkage drive unit are all mounted on the support plate 1.

[0062] In the specific design scheme, the coaxial cable clamping unit is described as follows: the coaxial cable clamping unit includes a sliding frame 5, a sliding plate 14 slidably installed in the sliding frame 5, and a rotating column 12 rotatably installed on the sliding frame 5.

[0063] In order to achieve the abutment and fixation of the coaxial cable 22, multiple sets of abutment protrusions 15 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the slide plate 14. At the same time, in order to place the coaxial cable, multiple sets of positioning grooves 13 for placing the coaxial cable 22 are provided at the inner bottom of the sliding frame 5. Specifically, the positioning grooves 13 can be arc-shaped, rectangular, hexagonal, triangular or other shapes, while the abutment protrusions 15 can be cuboid, trapezoidal or other strip structures, as long as they can abut the coaxial cable 22.

[0064] To enable the skateboard 14 to slide down, a motor 11 is fixedly installed on the outside of the sliding frame 5, and reference... Figure 3 It can be seen that the motor 11 is mounted on the support plate 1 by a bracket, and the drive shaft of the motor 11 is fixedly connected to the rotating column 12 by a flange.

[0065] in,

[0066] The top of the slide plate 14 is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped protrusion 17, and the bottom of the rotating column 12 is fixedly provided with at least one arc-shaped plate 18. In this application, two arc-shaped protrusions 17 are provided at the top of the slide plate 14, and two arc-shaped plates 18 are provided at the bottom of the rotating column 12. The purpose is that when the motor 11 drives the rotating column 12 to rotate, since the arc-shaped protrusions 17 and arc-shaped plates 18 are staggered in the initial state, the arc-shaped plates 18 can abut against the arc-shaped protrusions 17 when the rotating column 12 rotates, thereby abutting the slide plate 14 to slide downward. Therefore, the slide plate 14 will also drive the abutting protrusion 15 to slide downward, thereby abutting against the coaxial cable 22 through the abutting protrusion 15, and fixing the position of the coaxial cable 22.

[0067] In order to enable the slide plate 14 to automatically slide upward and reset when the curved plate 18 is no longer clamping the curved protrusion 17, multiple sets of second springs 16 are fixedly connected between the slide plate 14 and the sliding frame 5.

[0068] In the specific design scheme, the power movement unit is described as follows: the power movement unit includes a slide groove 2 set on the support plate 1, a slider slidably installed in the slide groove 2, and an electric push rod 3 fixedly installed on the outside of the support plate 1. The piston rod of the electric push rod 3 is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0069] Therefore, when the electric push rod 3 is started, the piston rod of the electric push rod 3 will push the slider to slide, and the slider will drive the sliding frame 5 to slide, so that the coaxial cable 22 can be inserted into the RF coaxial connector body 21. Since the slider is blocked, no reference numerals are made in this application. The slider and the slide groove 2 can adopt the most conventional T-shaped structure of slider and slide groove 2.

[0070] In the specific design scheme, the RF coaxial connector clamping unit is described as follows: the RF coaxial connector clamping unit includes a fixed plate 6 fixedly installed on the support plate 1, multiple sets of mounting slots 9 set in the fixed plate 6, an iron plate 7 set on the fixed plate 6, and multiple sets of abutment posts 24 fixedly installed at the bottom of the iron plate 7.

[0071] In a further detail, one end of the abutment post 24 in this embodiment extends into the mounting groove 9. Since it abuts against the RF coaxial connector body 21, it fixes its position. Multiple sets of electromagnets 10 are also fixedly installed on the fixing plate 6. When the electromagnets 10 are energized, they generate magnetism and attract the iron plate 7. The iron plate 7 slides downward under force, which drives the abutment post 24 to clamp and fix the RF coaxial connector body 21.

[0072] In order to protect the body 21 of the RF coaxial connector, rubber pads, silicone pads, etc. can also be fixedly installed at the bottom of the contact post 24.

[0073] In order for the iron plate 7 to automatically slide upward and reset when the electromagnet 10 is de-energized, a first spring 8 is also sleeved on the outside of the contact post 24. The two ends of the first spring 8 are fixedly connected to the fixing plate 6 and the iron plate 7 respectively.

[0074] The specific design scheme includes the following description of the linkage drive unit.

[0075] The linkage drive unit includes a controller 20 and a pressure sensor 19. The pressure sensor 19 is fixedly mounted on the arc-shaped protrusion 17, and the controller 20 is mounted on the support plate 1. Both the pressure sensor 19 and the electromagnet 10 are electrically coupled to the controller 20. The controller 20 is a programmable controller 20, or other controllers 20 that can be used with the electromagnet 10 and the pressure sensor 19. The controller 20 is an existing product and can be purchased on the market, such as the Hach SC200 dual-channel digital controller 20. The pressure sensor 19 is also an existing product and can be purchased on the market, such as the HBM weight sensor. It is sufficient as long as it can detect the pressure applied to it by the arc-shaped plate 18.

[0076] The linkage operation is described as follows: After the coaxial cable 22 and the RF coaxial connector body 21 are placed, the motor 11 is started to rotate. The motor 11 drives the rotating column 12 to rotate. The rotating column 12 drives the arc plate 18 to abut against the arc protrusion 17, which will drive the slide plate 14 to slide downward to clamp and fix the coaxial cable 22. At the same time, the arc plate 18 will also abut against the pressure sensor 19 embedded in the arc protrusion 17. After the pressure sensor 19 detects the pressure signal, it transmits the signal to the controller 20. The controller 20 determines that the coaxial cable 22 has been clamped, so it will automatically energize the electromagnet 10. Therefore, the electromagnet 10 is energized and generates magnetism, so it will attract the iron plate 7. The iron plate 7 is forced to slide downward, which will drive the abutment column 24 to clamp and fix the RF coaxial connector body 21.

[0077] For specific details in this embodiment, please refer to the following general operating procedures:

[0078] Multiple sets of coaxial cables 22 are placed in the positioning slots 13, and the RF coaxial connector body 21 is placed in the mounting slot 9. Then, the motor 11 is started to drive the rotating column 12 to rotate. The rotating column 12 drives the arc plate 18 to abut against the arc protrusion 17, which will drive the slide plate 14 to slide down. The slide plate 14 drives the abutment protrusion 15 to abut against the coaxial cable 22, thereby clamping and fixing the coaxial cable 22.

[0079] It should be noted that at this time, the arc plate 18 will also abut against the pressure sensor 19 embedded in the arc protrusion 17. After the pressure sensor 19 detects the pressure signal, it transmits the signal to the controller 20. The controller 20 determines that the coaxial cable 22 is clamped and will automatically energize the electromagnet 10. The electromagnet 10 is energized and generates magnetism, so it will attract the iron plate 7. The iron plate 7 slides downward under the force, which will drive the abutment post 24 to clamp and fix the RF coaxial connector body 21, thereby realizing linkage control (similarly, when the motor 11 drives the rotating post 12 to rotate, so that the arc plate 18 no longer abuts against the arc protrusion 17, the electromagnet 10 will also be automatically de-energized).

[0080] Then, start the electric push rod 3 to push the slider and drive the sliding frame 5 to slide, so that the coaxial cable 22 is inserted into the RF coaxial connector body 21, and then perform the return loss detection in Example 1. Example 3

[0081] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the cylinder in Embodiment 2 can also be replaced by a threaded rod helical transmission structure.

[0082] The screw drive structure of the threaded rod is an existing structure, and the details are as follows:

[0083] It includes a threaded rod and a drive motor. The threaded rod is rotatably installed in the slide groove 2, and a square nut block is threaded on the threaded rod to fix the nut block to the slide frame 5. The drive motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the support plate 1, and the drive shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the threaded rod.

[0084] Therefore, when the drive motor drives the threaded rod to rotate, under the guiding and limiting effect of the slide groove 2, the threaded block can move linearly within the slide groove 2, thereby driving the sliding frame 5 to move linearly.

[0085] In summary, this invention not only allows for return loss testing of the RF coaxial connector body 21, but also enables simultaneous testing of multiple RF coaxial connector bodies 21 through the auxiliary testing components, increasing testing efficiency. The linkage component allows the linkage drive unit to automatically activate the RF coaxial connector clamping unit when the coaxial cable clamping unit is operating, enabling the RF coaxial connector clamping unit to automatically clamp or release the RF coaxial connector body 21, saving manpower.

[0086] All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0087] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, the scope of the invention will be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for testing the return loss of an RF coaxial connector, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S101: First, place at least one coaxial cable (22) in the auxiliary test assembly, and then place the RF coaxial connector body (21) on the auxiliary test assembly as well; S102: Then, the coaxial cable (22) is clamped by the auxiliary test component, and the RF coaxial connector body (21) is also clamped when the coaxial cable (22) is clamped. S103: Next, the coaxial cable (22) is driven to move linearly by the auxiliary test component until the coaxial cable (22) is inserted into the RF coaxial connector body (21); S104: Finally, return loss is detected by network analyzer (23), and the calculation formula is RL=20logp=20log[ ( VSWR-1) / ( VSWR +1 ) ] ( dB ); Where p is the reflection coefficient; VSWR is the voltage standing wave ratio; The auxiliary testing components include a coaxial cable clamping unit, a power moving unit for driving the coaxial cable clamping unit to move, an RF coaxial connector clamping unit, and a linkage driving unit. The linkage drive unit can automatically start the operation of the RF coaxial connector clamping unit when the coaxial cable clamping unit is working. The auxiliary testing components also include a frame (4) and a support plate (1) fixedly mounted on the frame (4). The network analyzer (23), coaxial cable clamping unit, power movement unit, RF coaxial connector clamping unit and linkage drive unit are all mounted on the support plate (1). The coaxial cable clamping unit includes a sliding frame (5), a sliding plate (14) slidably installed in the sliding frame (5), and a rotating column (12) rotatably installed on the sliding frame (5). The bottom end of the sliding plate (14) is fixedly installed with multiple sets of abutting protrusions (15). The inner bottom end of the sliding frame (5) is provided with multiple sets of positioning grooves (13). The outside of the sliding frame (5) is fixedly installed with a motor (11). The drive shaft of the motor (11) is fixedly connected to the rotating column (12). The top end of the sliding plate (14) is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped protrusion (17). The bottom end of the rotating column (12) is fixedly provided with at least one arc-shaped plate (18). Multiple sets of second springs (16) are fixedly connected between the sliding plate (14) and the sliding frame (5). The power moving unit includes a slide groove (2) set on the support plate (1), a slider slidably installed in the slide groove (2), and an electric push rod (3) fixedly installed on the outside of the support plate (1). The piston rod of the electric push rod (3) is fixedly connected to the slider, and the slider is fixedly connected to the sliding frame (5). The radio frequency coaxial connector clamping unit includes a fixed plate (6) fixedly mounted on a support plate (1), multiple sets of mounting slots (9) disposed in the fixed plate (6), an iron plate (7) disposed on the fixed plate (6), and multiple sets of abutment posts (24) fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the iron plate (7). One end of the abutment post (24) extends into the mounting slot (9), and multiple sets of electromagnets (10) are also fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (6). The outer side of the abutting post (24) is also fitted with a first spring (8), and the two ends of the first spring (8) are fixedly connected to the fixing plate (6) and the iron plate (7) respectively. The linkage drive unit includes a controller (20) and a pressure sensor (19). The pressure sensor (19) is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped protrusion (17). The controller (20) is installed on the support plate (1). The pressure sensor (19) and the electromagnet (10) are both electrically coupled to the controller (20). The motor (11) is mounted on the support plate (1) by a bracket.

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