X-ray imaging systems for radiation therapy

Abstract

A radiation system (200) may include a treatment head (204) configured to deliver a treatment beam to a subject, a first auxiliary component (214) configured to facilitate the delivery of the treatment beam, a first imaging radiation source (206) configured to direct a first imaging beam toward the subject, a first detector (207) configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and a second auxiliary component (215) configured to facilitate the delivery of the first imaging beam. A gantry (210) may include a first gantry portion (202) having a rotation axis and a second gantry portion (203) located adjacent to the first gantry portion (202) along the rotation axis. The treatment head (204), the first imaging radiation source (206), and the first detector (207) may be disposed on the first gantry portion (202). The first auxiliary component (214) and the second auxiliary component (215) may be housed within the second gantry portion (203).

Description

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent No. 17 / 015,033 filed on September 8, 2020, Chinese Application No. CN202011234813.9 filed on November 7, 2020, Chinese Application No. CN202011271345.2 filed on November 13, 2020, and Chinese Application No. CN202011468108.5 filed on December 14, 2020, and the contents of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to medical technology and, more particularly, to imaging systems and methods for radiation therapy. Background Art

[0004] Radiation therapy is a localized treatment directed at a specific target tissue (target volume), such as a cancerous tumor. Dose and geometry data are checked before, after, or during treatment to ensure the patient is positioned correctly and that the radiation therapy being delivered matches the previously planned treatment. This process, called image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT), involves delivering radiation therapy to the target volume while simultaneously observing the target tissue using an imaging system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a system may be provided. The system may include: a treatment assembly including a treatment head configured to deliver a treatment beam to a subject and a first auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the treatment beam; an imaging assembly including a first imaging radiation source configured to direct the first imaging beam toward the subject, a first detector configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and a second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam; a gantry including a first gantry portion and a second gantry portion, the treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector being disposed on the first gantry portion having a rotational axis; and the second gantry portion being located adjacent to the first gantry portion along the rotational axis, the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly being housed within the second gantry portion.

[0006] In some embodiments, the treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector are configured to rotate in the same rotational plane that is perpendicular to the rotational axis.

[0007] In some embodiments, the treatment head is configured to rotate in a first rotational plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, the first imaging radiation source and the first detector are configured to rotate in a second rotational plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, and the first rotational plane is different from the second rotational plane.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source and the first detector are located between the second gantry portion and the treatment head.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source is located as close to the treatment head as possible without interfering with the treatment beam.

[0010] In some embodiments, delivery of the therapeutic beam and delivery of the first imaging beam are alternated.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first gantry portion rotates at a first speed when delivering the first imaging beam and at a second speed when delivering the therapy beam, and the first speed is faster than the second speed.

[0012] In some embodiments, delivery of the therapeutic beam and delivery of the first imaging beam occur simultaneously.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source, the first detector, and the treatment head rotate at a third speed while delivering the first imaging beam and the treatment beam.

[0014] In some embodiments, there is an angular offset between the first imaging radiation source and the treatment head.

[0015] In some embodiments, the imaging assembly includes at least one second imaging radiation source, each of the at least one second imaging radiation source is configured to emit a second imaging beam toward the subject, at least one second detector, the at least one second detector is configured to detect at least a portion of the at least one second imaging beam, and the at least one second imaging radiation source and the at least one second detector are mounted on the first gantry portion.

[0016] In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source and the treatment head are configured to rotate in a same rotational plane that is perpendicular to the rotational axis.

[0017] In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source and the treatment head is configured to rotate in different rotational planes, each rotational plane being perpendicular to the rotational axis.

[0018] In some embodiments, two of the at least one second imaging radiation source are located on either side of the treatment head along the rotation axis.

[0019] In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source is configured for two-dimensional (2D) imaging of the object.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first auxiliary component includes at least one of: a microwave device configured to facilitate delivery of the therapeutic beam, an acceleration device configured to accelerate the electron beam to produce the therapeutic beam, or a first cooling device configured to cool at least one component of the treatment head assembly.

[0021] In some embodiments, the second auxiliary assembly includes a high voltage device configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam, or a second cooling device configured to cool at least one component of the imaging assembly.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source comprises a computed tomography (CT) source and the first detector comprises a CT detector.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source is positioned a distance from the treatment head along the rotational axis such that the first imaging radiation source delivers a first imaging beam to image the first region of the subject while the treatment head delivers a treatment beam toward the second region of the subject.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first region is related to the motion of the second region.

[0025] In some embodiments, the motion of the second area is determined based on the image of the first area.

[0026] In some embodiments, the treatment assembly includes a collimator comprising a plurality of leaves forming an aperture configured to collimate the treatment beam to coincide with a target area of ​​the subject to be treated.

[0027] In some embodiments, as the subject moves relative to the treatment tip along the rotational axis, at least one of the position or shape of the aperture is adjusted so that the collimated treatment beam tracks the target area.

[0028] In some embodiments, when the target area of ​​the subject to be treated moves relative to the treatment tip due to movement of the subject's organs, at least one of the position or shape of the aperture is adjusted so that the collimated treatment beam tracks the target area of ​​the subject to be treated.

[0029] In some embodiments, the object is moved further along the axis of rotation to obtain an image of the next target area to be treated.

[0030] In some embodiments, the position or shape of the aperture is adjusted by at least one of moving the entire collimator along the axis of rotation, or adjusting one or more of the plurality of leaves of the collimator involved in forming the aperture.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source and the first detector are disposed in a first portion of the first gantry portion, the treatment head is disposed in a second portion of the first gantry portion, and the first portion is configured to rotate independently of the second portion.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first portion is configured to rotate within a first range without colliding with the second portion.

[0033] In some embodiments, the treatment head is configured to move radially away from the rotational axis of the gantry to allow the first portion to rotate independently without collision within a second range, the second range being greater than the first range.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first portion and the second portion are concentrically arranged.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first portion and the second portion are arranged in parallel along the rotation axis.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source and the first detector are configured to rotate with the treatment head.

[0037] In some embodiments, the distance between the isocenter of the treatment assembly and the isocenter of the imaging assembly is below a threshold.

[0038] In some embodiments, the threshold is no greater than 1 meter.

[0039] In some embodiments, the imaging component includes helical computed tomography (CT) or sequential CT.

[0040] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method may be provided. The method may include positioning a subject in a radiation system comprising: a treatment assembly including a treatment head and a first auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of a treatment beam emitted from the treatment head; an imaging assembly including an imaging radiation source, a detector, and a second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the imaging beam emitted from the imaging radiation source; and a gantry including a first gantry portion and a second gantry portion, the first gantry portion having a rotational axis, the treatment head, the imaging radiation source, and the detector being mounted on the first gantry portion; and the second gantry portion being located adjacent to the first gantry portion along the rotational axis, the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly being housed within the second gantry portion; causing the imaging radiation source to deliver the imaging beam to the subject; obtaining an imaging dataset corresponding to at least a portion of the imaging beam detected by the detector; and causing the treatment head to deliver the treatment beam to the subject.

[0041] In some embodiments, the method further comprises generating an image associated with the subject based on the imaging dataset, wherein delivering the therapy beam to the subject is further based on the image.

[0042] In some embodiments, delivering the treatment beam to the subject further comprises: adjusting the treatment plan based on the image; and delivering the adjusted treatment beam from the treatment head to the subject based on the adjusted treatment plan.

[0043] In some embodiments, causing the treatment head to deliver the treatment beam to the subject further comprises: adjusting the treatment plan based on the image; and causing the treatment head to pause delivery of the treatment beam.

[0044] In some embodiments, the method further includes determining, based on the image, whether the subject is experiencing unpredictable motion; and causing the treatment head to pause delivery of the treatment beam in response to determining that the subject is experiencing unpredictable motion.

[0045] In some embodiments, the method further includes determining, based on the image, whether the subject has ceased a planned breath hold; and causing the treatment tip to pause delivery of the treatment beam in response to determining that the subject has ceased the planned breath hold.

[0046] According to another aspect of the present specification, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may be provided, comprising at least one set of instructions, wherein when executed by one or more processors of a computing device, the at least one set of instructions causes the computing device to perform a method, the method comprising: positioning a subject in a radiation system, the radiation system comprising: a treatment assembly, the treatment assembly comprising a treatment head and a first auxiliary assembly, the first auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of a treatment beam emitted from the treatment head; an imaging assembly, the imaging assembly comprising an imaging radiation source, a detector, and a second auxiliary assembly, the second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the imaging beam emitted from the imaging radiation source; and a gantry, the gantry comprising a first gantry portion and a second gantry portion, the first gantry portion having a rotational axis, the treatment head, the imaging radiation source, and the detector being mounted on the first gantry portion; and the second gantry portion being located adjacent to the first gantry portion along the rotational axis, the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly being housed within the second gantry portion; causing the imaging radiation source to deliver the imaging beam to the subject; obtaining an imaging data set corresponding to at least a portion of the imaging beam detected by the detector; and causing the treatment head to deliver the treatment beam to the subject.

[0047] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a system may be provided. The system may include: a treatment assembly including a treatment head configured to deliver a treatment beam to a subject and a first auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the treatment beam; an imaging assembly including a first imaging radiation source, a first detector, and a second auxiliary assembly, wherein the first imaging radiation source is configured to direct the first imaging beam toward the subject, the first detector is configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and the second auxiliary assembly is configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam; and a gantry having a rotation axis and supporting the treatment assembly and the imaging assembly, wherein the treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector are disposed on the same side of the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly along the rotation axis.

[0048] In some embodiments, the treatment head is located on one side of the first imaging radiation source along the rotational axis, and the first auxiliary component and the second auxiliary component are located on the other side of the first imaging radiation source along the rotational axis.

[0049] In some embodiments, the treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector are rotatable with the gantry.

[0050] In some embodiments, the treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector are configured to rotate in the same rotational plane that is perpendicular to the rotational axis.

[0051] In some embodiments, the treatment head is configured to rotate in a first rotational plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, the first imaging radiation source and the first detector are configured to rotate in a second rotational plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, and the first rotational plane is different from the second rotational plane.

[0052] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source is located as close to the treatment head as possible without interfering with the treatment beam.

[0053] In some embodiments, delivery of the therapeutic beam and delivery of the first imaging beam are alternated.

[0054] In some embodiments, there is an angular offset between the first imaging radiation source and the treatment head.

[0055] In some embodiments, the imaging assembly includes at least one second imaging radiation source, each of the at least one second imaging radiation source is configured to emit a second imaging beam toward the object, at least one second detector, the at least one second detector is configured to detect at least a portion of the at least one second imaging beam, and the at least one second imaging radiation source and the at least one second detector are mounted on the same side of the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly along the rotation axis.

[0056] In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source and the treatment head are configured to rotate in a same rotational plane that is perpendicular to the rotational axis.

[0057] In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source and the treatment head is configured to rotate in different rotational planes, each rotational plane being perpendicular to the rotational axis.

[0058] In some embodiments, two of the at least one second imaging radiation source are located on either side of the treatment head along the rotation axis.

[0059] In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source is configured for two-dimensional (2D) imaging of the object.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first auxiliary component includes at least one of: a microwave device configured to facilitate delivery of the therapeutic beam, an acceleration device configured to accelerate the electron beam to produce the therapeutic beam, or a first cooling device configured to cool at least one component of the treatment head assembly.

[0061] In some embodiments, the second auxiliary assembly includes a high voltage device configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam, or a second cooling device configured to cool at least one component of the imaging assembly.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source comprises a computed tomography (CT) source and the first detector comprises a CT detector.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source is positioned a distance from the treatment head along the rotational axis such that the first imaging radiation source delivers a first imaging beam to image a first region of the object while the treatment head delivers a treatment beam toward a second region of the object; the first region is correlated with movement of the second region; or movement of the second region is determined based on an image of the first region.

[0064] In some embodiments, the treatment assembly includes a collimator comprising a plurality of leaves forming an aperture configured to collimate the treatment beam to coincide with a target area of ​​the subject to be treated.

[0065] In some embodiments, as the subject moves relative to the treatment tip along the rotational axis, at least one of the position or shape of the aperture is adjusted so that the collimated treatment beam tracks the target area.

[0066] In some embodiments, when the target area of ​​the subject to be treated moves relative to the treatment tip due to movement of the subject's organs, at least one of the position or shape of the aperture is adjusted so that the collimated treatment beam tracks the target area of ​​the subject to be treated.

[0067] In some embodiments, the object is moved further along the axis of rotation to obtain an image of the next target area to be treated.

[0068] In some embodiments, the position or shape of the aperture is adjusted by at least one of moving the entire collimator along the axis of rotation, or adjusting one or more of the plurality of leaves of the collimator involved in forming the aperture.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source and the first detector are disposed in a first portion on the same side of the first auxiliary component and the second auxiliary component along the rotation axis, the treatment head is disposed in a second portion on the same side of the first auxiliary component and the second auxiliary component along the rotation axis, and the first portion is configured to rotate independently of the second portion.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first portion is configured to rotate within a first range without colliding with the second portion.

[0071] In some embodiments, the treatment head is configured to move radially away from the rotational axis of the gantry to allow the first portion to rotate independently without collision within a second range, the second range being greater than the first range.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first portion and the second portion are concentrically arranged.

[0073] In some embodiments, the first portion and the second portion are arranged in parallel along the rotation axis.

[0074] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source and the first detector are rotatable with the treatment head.

[0075] In some embodiments, the distance between the isocenter of the treatment assembly and the isocenter of the imaging assembly is below a threshold.

[0076] In some embodiments, the threshold is no greater than 1 meter.

[0077] In some embodiments, the imaging component includes helical computed tomography (CT) or sequential CT.

[0078] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method may be provided. The method may include: positioning a subject in a radiation system, the radiation system comprising: a treatment assembly, the treatment assembly comprising a treatment head configured to deliver a treatment beam to the subject and a first auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the treatment beam; an imaging assembly, the imaging assembly comprising a first imaging radiation source, a first detector, and a second auxiliary assembly, the first imaging radiation source configured to direct the first imaging beam toward the subject, the first detector configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and the second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam; a gantry having a rotational axis and supporting the treatment assembly and the imaging assembly, the treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector being disposed on the same side of the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly along the rotational axis; causing the imaging radiation source to deliver the imaging beam to the subject; obtaining an imaging dataset corresponding to at least a portion of the imaging beam detected by the detector; and causing the treatment head to deliver the treatment beam to the subject.

[0079] According to another aspect of the present specification, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may be provided, comprising at least one set of instructions, wherein when executed by one or more processors of a computing device, the at least one set of instructions causes the computing device to perform a method, the method comprising: positioning an object in a radiation system, the radiation system comprising: a treatment assembly, the treatment assembly comprising a treatment head configured to deliver a treatment beam to the object and a first auxiliary component configured to facilitate the delivery of the treatment beam; an imaging assembly, the imaging assembly comprising a first imaging radiation source, a first detector, and a second auxiliary component, the first imaging radiation source being configured to direct the first imaging beam toward the object, the first detector being configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and the second auxiliary component being configured to facilitate the delivery of the first imaging beam; a gantry having a rotation axis and supporting the treatment assembly and the imaging assembly, the treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector being arranged on the same side of the first auxiliary component and the second auxiliary component along the rotation axis; causing the imaging radiation source to deliver the imaging beam to the object; obtaining an imaging data set corresponding to at least a portion of the imaging beam detected by the detector; and causing the treatment head to deliver the treatment beam to the object.

[0080] Some additional features of this specification may be explained in the following description. Some additional features of this specification will be apparent to those skilled in the art through study of the following description and accompanying drawings, or through understanding the production or operation of the embodiments. The features of this specification may be realized and achieved through practice or use of the methods, means, and combinations of various aspects of the specific embodiments described below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0081] The content described herein is further described based on exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are non-limiting exemplary embodiments, in which like reference numerals represent similar structures in the views of the accompanying drawings. Among them:

[0082] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary radiation system according to some embodiments of the present specification.

[0083] Figures 2 to 9B is a schematic diagram of an exemplary configuration of a radiation device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0084] 10A to 10D is a schematic diagram of exemplary adjustment of a collimator aperture according to some embodiments of the present specification.

[0085] Figures 10E to 10G Schematic diagram of exemplary first and second regions of an object according to some embodiments of the present specification.

[0086] Figure 11is a diagram of exemplary hardware and / or software components of a computing device according to some embodiments of the present specification.

[0087] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of exemplary hardware and / or software components of a mobile device according to some embodiments of the present specification.

[0088] Figure 13 is a block diagram of an exemplary processing device according to some embodiments of this specification; and

[0089] Figure 14 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary imaging process according to some embodiments of the present specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0090] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be given below. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application can be implemented without these details. In other cases, in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring various aspects of the present application, well-known methods, processes, systems, components and / or circuits have been described at a higher level. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes can be made to the disclosed embodiments, and the general principles defined in the present application can be applied to other embodiments and application scenarios without departing from the principles and scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown, but conforms to the broadest scope consistent with the scope of the application claims.

[0091] The terms used in this application are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates an exception. It should also be understood that the terms "comprises" and "includes" as used in this specification merely indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, components, and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, and / or combinations thereof.

[0092] It is understood that the terms "system," "engine," "unit," "module," and / or "block" used herein are methods for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions, or assemblies at different levels in ascending order. However, these terms may be replaced by other expressions if they achieve the same purpose.

[0093] Generally, the terms "module," "unit," or "block" as used herein refer to logic embodied in hardware or firmware, or a collection of software instructions. The modules, units, or blocks described herein may be implemented as software and / or hardware and may be stored in any type of non-transitory computer-readable medium or other storage device. In some embodiments, software modules / units / blocks may be compiled and linked into an executable program. It will be understood that software modules may be called from other modules / units / blocks or from themselves, and / or may be called in response to detected events or interrupts. A computer-readable medium may be provided for use on a computing device (e.g., a computer readable medium). Figure 11 The software modules / units / blocks for a computing device are executed on a processor 1110 shown in FIG. 1 , for example, a compact disc, digital video disc, flash drive, disk, or any other tangible medium, or as a digital download (and may initially be in a compressed or installable format that requires installation, decompression, or decryption prior to execution). The software code herein may be stored in part or in full on a storage device of the computing device performing the operations and used in the operation of the computing device. The software instructions may be embedded in firmware, such as an EPROM. It should also be understood that hardware modules / units / blocks may be included in connected logic components, such as gates and flip-flops, and / or may include programmable units, such as programmable gate arrays or processors. The modules / units / blocks or computing device functions described herein may be implemented as software modules / units / blocks, but may be represented in hardware or firmware. Generally, the modules / units / blocks described herein refer to logical modules / units / blocks that may be combined with other modules / units / blocks or divided into sub-modules / sub-units / sub-blocks, despite their physical organization or storage devices. This description may apply to a system, an engine, or a portion thereof.

[0094] It will be understood that, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, when a unit, engine, module, or block is referred to as being "on," "connected," or "coupled to" another unit, engine, module, or block, it may be directly on, connected, coupled, or in communication with the other unit, engine, module, or block, or there may be intervening units, engines, modules, or blocks. In this application, the term "and / or" may include any one or more of the relevant listed items or any combination thereof.

[0095] These and other features and characteristics of the present application, as well as the functions and methods of operation of the related structural elements, as well as the assembly of components and manufacturing economies, will become more apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification. However, it should be understood that the drawings are for illustration and description purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0096] The following description is provided for illustrative purposes to help better understand the process of radiation therapy. It is understood that this is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Those with ordinary skill in the art may deduct certain variations, changes, and / or modifications under the guidance of this application. Such variations, changes, and / or modifications will not depart from the scope of this application.

[0097] In this application, the terms "radiation therapy," "radiotherapy," and "treatment" are used interchangeably to refer to the use of radiation to treat, for example, cancer and other diseases in the tissues of living organisms (e.g., humans and animals). The terms "treatment plan" and "radiation therapy plan" are used interchangeably to refer to a plan for delivering radiation therapy.

[0098] One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a radiation system. The radiation system may include a gantry, a treatment assembly, and an imaging assembly. The treatment assembly may include a treatment head and a first auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of a treatment beam by the treatment head. The imaging assembly may include one or more imaging radiation sources, one or more detectors, and a second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of an imaging beam by the one or more imaging radiation sources. The gantry may include a first gantry portion and a second gantry portion located adjacent to the first gantry portion along a rotational axis. The treatment head, the one or more imaging radiation sources, and the one or more detectors may be disposed on the first gantry portion. The first and second auxiliary assemblies may be housed within the second gantry portion. By disposing the treatment head, the one or more imaging radiation sources, and the one or more detectors together in the first gantry portion and the first and second auxiliary assemblies in the second gantry portion, the distance between the isocenter of the treatment assembly and the isocenter of the imaging assembly can be reduced to below a threshold value (e.g., 20 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, 80 cm, 1 m), compared to a configuration in which the treatment assembly is disposed together in one portion of the gantry and the imaging assembly is disposed together in another portion of the gantry. Reducing the distance between the isocenter of the treatment component and the isocenter of the imaging component can avoid moving the patient between different positions for imaging and treatment of the target area in the radiation system, or reduce the distance that the patient needs to be moved between different positions for imaging and treatment in the radiation system, which in turn can reduce errors caused by movement between different positions for imaging and treatment (for example, errors caused by different sinking of patient supports (for example, patient support 113) at different positions in the radiation system) and / or improve the efficiency of imaging / treatment using the radiation system.

[0099] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary radiation system according to some embodiments of the present specification. In some embodiments, radiation system 100 can be configured to provide radiation therapy (e.g., stereotactic radiosurgery and / or precision radiotherapy) to any lesion, tumor, or condition in a patient requiring radiation therapy. In some embodiments, radiation system 100 can include a treatment planning system (TPS), an image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) system, and the like.

[0100] like Figure 1 As shown, radiation system 100 may include radiation devices 110, processing device 120, storage device 130, one or more terminals 140, and network 150. The components in radiation system 100 may be connected in one or more ways. By way of example only, radiation device 110 may be connected to processing device 120 via network 150. As another example, radiation device 110 may be directly connected to processing device 120, as indicated by the double-headed arrow within the dashed line connecting radiation device 110 and processing device 120. As a further example, storage device 130 may be connected to processing device 120 directly or via network 150. As yet another example, terminal 140 may be connected to processing device 120 directly (as indicated by the double-headed arrow within the dashed line connecting terminal 140 and processing device 120) or via network 150.

[0101] In some embodiments, the radiation system 100 can perform image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT), which uses X-ray imaging to monitor a target area (e.g., a tumor, a lesion, etc.) to be treated (also referred to as a target area) inside an object (e.g., a patient). In this case, the radiation device 110 may include a treatment component (also referred to as a treatment device) and an imaging component (also referred to as an imaging device). The treatment component can be configured to deliver a treatment beam to the target area. The imaging component can be configured to image the target area and / or normal tissue surrounding the target area (also referred to as a "risk organ") before, after, or during radiotherapy (e.g., two-dimensional (2D) imaging, three-dimensional (3D) imaging, or four-dimensional (4D) imaging). In this way, the anatomical structure and movement or deformation of the target area can be detected, and the position of the patient and / or the treatment beam can be adjusted to more accurately deliver a radiation dose to the target area.

[0102] In some embodiments, the treatment assembly may include a treatment head 112 and a first auxiliary assembly. In some embodiments, the treatment head 112 may be configured to deliver a treatment beam to a subject to perform radiation therapy on a target region within the subject and / or to image a region of interest (ROI) of the subject (e.g., including a target region and / or organs at risk (OARs)). For example, the treatment head 112 may include an accelerator (e.g., an accelerator tube), a treatment source (e.g., an X-ray target), a primary collimator, a filter (e.g., a flat filter), at least one jaw, a multi-leaf collimator, and the like. The treatment head 112 may include an accelerator tube for particle types, such as photons, electrons, protons, or heavy ions. In some embodiments, the treatment beam may include a relatively high energy beam (e.g., an MV beam). In some embodiments, the treatment beam may include a fan beam, a cone beam, or a tetrahedral beam.

[0103] In some embodiments, the first auxiliary component can be configured to facilitate the delivery of the therapeutic beam. The first auxiliary component can include a microwave device configured to facilitate the delivery of the therapeutic beam, an accelerator configured to accelerate the electron beam to produce the therapeutic beam, a first cooling device configured to cool at least one component of the treatment head assembly (e.g., a microwave device, an accelerator), or similar devices, or any combination thereof. The microwave device can be configured to generate an electromagnetic field that is configured to accelerate the electron beam to produce a high-energy electron beam. For example, the first auxiliary component can include a microwave device, an accelerator, and a first cooling device. For another example, the first auxiliary component can include a first cooling device, and the microwave device and the accelerator can be part of the treatment head and rotate with the treatment head.

[0104] In some embodiments, at least one component of the first auxiliary assembly can rotate with the treatment head. For example, the first cooling device of the accelerator assembly (e.g., a cooling device whose cooling medium includes a gas (e.g., air, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen) or a gas cooling device) can rotate with the treatment head. As another example, the microwave assembly can rotate with the treatment head. As another example, the entire first auxiliary assembly can rotate with the treatment head. In some embodiments, at least one component of the first auxiliary assembly can be stationary, while other components of the first auxiliary assembly rotate with the treatment head. For example, the first cooling device of the accelerator assembly (e.g., a cooling device whose cooling medium includes a liquid (e.g., water, an aqueous solution, a dielectric liquid, polyalkylene glycol (PAG), oil) or a liquid cooling device) can be stationary, while the microwave assembly of the first auxiliary assembly rotates with the treatment head. As another example, while the accelerator assembly of the first auxiliary assembly rotates with the treatment head, the microwave assembly can be stationary. As another example, the entire first auxiliary assembly can be stationary, while the treatment head rotates.

[0105] In some embodiments, the imaging device may include one or more imaging radiation sources, one or more detectors, and a second auxiliary component. As used herein, the imaging radiation source may be configured to deliver an imaging beam to the object to image the ROI of the object (e.g., including the target area and / or OARs) (e.g., 2D imaging, 3D imaging, or 4D imaging). The imaging beam may include X-rays, gamma rays, alpha rays, ultraviolet rays, radio frequency, radar, lasers, neutrons, protons, etc., or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the imaging beam may include a relatively low energy beam (e.g., a kV beam). In some embodiments, the imaging beam may include a fan beam, a cone beam, or a tetrahedron beam.

[0106] In some embodiments, the one or more detectors can be configured to detect at least a portion of the imaging beam(s) emitted from the one or more imaging radiation sources. For example, the one or more detectors can include a single-row detector or a multi-row detector. As another example, the one or more detectors can include a flat-panel detector or an arc-shaped detector. In some embodiments, the imaging device can include a computed tomography (CT) device (e.g., a spiral CT device, a sequential CT device).

[0107] In some embodiments, at least two of the one or more imaging radiation sources may share one of the one or more detectors. The shared detector may be configured to detect at least two imaging beams, each imaging beam originating from one of the at least two imaging radiation sources. In some embodiments, each of the one or more imaging radiation sources may correspond to one of the one or more detectors. In some embodiments, the one or more imaging radiation sources may include a first imaging radiation source and at least one second imaging radiation source. The one or more detectors may include a first detector corresponding to the first imaging radiation source and at least one second detector corresponding to the at least one second imaging radiation source. The first imaging radiation source may be configured to direct the first imaging beam toward the subject. The corresponding first detector may be configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam. An imaging dataset obtained based on at least a portion of the first imaging beam may be used to generate a three-dimensional image. Each of the at least one second imaging radiation source may be configured to emit a second imaging beam toward the subject. The at least one second detector may be configured to detect at least a portion of the at least one second imaging beam. An imaging dataset obtained based on at least a portion of the second imaging beam detected by one of the at least one second detector may be used to generate a two-dimensional image.

[0108] In some embodiments, one of the at least one second detector (also referred to as a treatment beam detector) can be configured to detect at least a portion of the treatment beam emitted from treatment head 112 and / or the imaging beam(s) emitted from one or more imaging radiation sources. For example, the treatment beam detector can include an electronic portal imaging device (EPID). In some embodiments, the treatment beam detector can be static. In some embodiments, the treatment beam detector can move independently of treatment head 112. In some embodiments, the treatment beam detector can be positioned relative to treatment head 112 and rotate with treatment head 112. In some embodiments, the treatment beam detector can be configured to detect both kV beams and MV beams. In some embodiments, the treatment beam detector can be configured to detect only kV beams or only MV beams.

[0109] In some embodiments, the second auxiliary component can be configured to facilitate the delivery of the imaging beam. The second auxiliary component may include a high voltage device configured to facilitate the delivery of the first imaging beam, or a second cooling device configured to cool at least one component of the imaging component (e.g., the high voltage device). The high voltage device can be configured to generate an electric field to accelerate the electron beam, and the accelerated electron beam can impact the anode of the second auxiliary component to produce the first imaging beam. For example, the second auxiliary component may include the high voltage device and the second cooling device. As another example, the second auxiliary component may include the second cooling device, and the high voltage device may be separate from the second auxiliary component, for example, located in the first gantry portion, and rotated with the one or more imaging radiation sources. As a further example, the second auxiliary component may include the high voltage device, and the second cooling device may be separate from the second auxiliary component, for example, located in the first gantry portion, and rotated with the one or more imaging radiation sources.

[0110] In some embodiments, at least one component of the second auxiliary assembly can rotate with the one or more imaging radiation sources. For example, the high-voltage device can rotate with the one or more imaging radiation sources. As another example, the second cooling device (e.g., a liquid (e.g., water, an aqueous solution, a dielectric liquid, a polyalkylene glycol (PAG), oil) cooling device) can rotate with the one or more imaging radiation sources. As a further example, the entire second auxiliary assembly 215 can rotate with the one or more imaging radiation sources. In some embodiments, at least one component of the second auxiliary assembly 215 can be stationary while the one or more imaging radiation sources rotate. For example, the second cooling device (e.g., a gas (e.g., air, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen) cooling device, a liquid cooling device) can be stationary while the one or more imaging radiation sources rotate. As another example, the high-voltage device can be stationary while the one or more imaging radiation sources rotate.

[0111] In some embodiments, the imaging assembly can be configured to perform multi-spectral imaging of an object. For example, at least two imaging beams from one or more imaging radiation sources have different energy levels, and an image of the object can be generated based on imaging datasets corresponding to each of the at least two imaging beams detected by one or more detectors. The multi-spectral image can be generated by fusing at least two images generated based on at least two imaging datasets corresponding to the at least two imaging beams. As another example, one of the one or more imaging radiation sources can emit different imaging beams having different energy levels, and an image of the object can be generated based on imaging datasets corresponding to each of the different imaging beams having different energy levels detected by the one or more detectors. The multi-spectral image can be generated by fusing different images generated based on imaging datasets corresponding to the different imaging beams having different energy levels. The imaging radiation source can emit different imaging beams having different energy levels by adjusting the voltage of the imaging radiation source. As a further example, at least one of the one or more detectors (e.g., a layer detector) can separate the (detected) imaging beam into different portions having different energy levels, each portion having the same energy level, and further generate an image based on image datasets generated based on each of the different portions of the detected imaging beam. A multi-spectral image may be generated by fusing different images generated based on imaging data sets corresponding to different portions of the detected imaging beam.

[0112] In this manual, Figure 1 The x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis shown in FIG can constitute an orthogonal coordinate system. Figure 1 The x-axis and y-axis shown in the figure can be horizontal, and the z-axis can be vertical. As shown in the figure, from the direction facing the radiation device 110, the positive x-direction of the x-axis can be from the right side to the left side of the radiation device 110; Figure 1 The positive z-direction of the z-axis shown may be from the bottom to the top of the radiation device 110; Figure 1 The positive y-direction of the illustrated y-axis may refer to a direction in which the object moves out of the aperture of the radiation device 110 .

[0113] In some embodiments, the radiation device 110 may further include a gantry 111 and a patient support 113. In some embodiments, the gantry 111 may be configured to support at least one of the treatment head 112, one or more imaging radiation sources, one or more detectors, a first auxiliary component, or a second auxiliary component. In some embodiments, the gantry 111 or a portion thereof (e.g., a first gantry portion described elsewhere herein) may be configured to rotate around an object (e.g., a patient) that moves into the field of view (FOV) of the radiation device 110 (e.g., an area covered by one or more beams emitted from the treatment head 112 or at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources). In some embodiments, the patient support 113 may be configured to support the object. In some embodiments, the patient support 113 may have six degrees of freedom, for example, freedom of movement along three coordinate directions (i.e., Figure 1 The patient support 113 can be moved along the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis as shown in FIG. Figure 1 By way of example only, the patient support 113 may be arranged along Figure 1 The y-direction in FIG. 1 moves the object into the FOV of the radiation device 110 .

[0114] In some embodiments, rack 111 may have Figure 1 In some embodiments, the frame 111 may include a C-arm frame. For example, the treatment head 112 may be mounted on the C-arm frame in a cantilever-like manner. In some embodiments, the frame 111 may include a ring frame (e.g., Figure 1 ), the annular frame has an annular shape, wherein the patient's body extends through the annular hole (e.g., Figure 2 For example, at least one of the treatment head 112, one or more imaging radiation sources, and one or more detectors can be mounted on the periphery of the annular gantry. In some embodiments, the gantry 111 can be configured to rotate in one direction (e.g., clockwise or counterclockwise). In some embodiments, the gantry 111 can be configured to repeatedly rotate and reverse.

[0115] In some embodiments, the treatment head 112 can be configured to be operably connected to or mounted on the gantry 111. The treatment head 112 can rotate about an axis of rotation and within a rotation plane (also referred to as a rotation ring, or simply a ring). The center point of the rotation plane can be referred to as the isocenter of the treatment assembly (e.g., Figure 4 The rotation axis may pass through the isocenter and be perpendicular to the plane of rotation.

[0116] In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources or the one or more detectors can be operably connected to or mounted on the gantry 111, or can be separate from the gantry 111. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more detectors can move with the gantry 111 or independently of the gantry 111. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources or the one or more detectors can be operably connected to or mounted on a rotating ring other than the gantry 111 (e.g., Figure 9B The patient support 113 is a device that is mounted on a second ring 902 in the image processing apparatus. The device ...

[0117] In some embodiments, one or more imaging radiation sources and one or more detectors can rotate about the rotation axis of the gantry 111 and within a rotation plane (also referred to as a rotation ring or simply a ring). The center point of the rotation plane can be referred to as the isocenter of the imaging assembly. The rotation axis can pass through the isocenter and be perpendicular to the rotation plane.

[0118] In some embodiments, the rotational trajectories of treatment head 112, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources, and at least one of the one or more detectors can be positioned along the same circle or different circles. In some embodiments, treatment head 112, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources, and at least one of the one or more detectors can rotate in the same plane or different planes. Details regarding radiation device 110 can be found elsewhere in this specification (e.g., with Figures 2 to 9B Related description).

[0119] In some embodiments, the object can be a living thing or a non-living thing. By way of example only, the object can include a patient, an artificial object, etc. As another example, the object can include a specific part, organ, and / or tissue of a patient. For example, the object can include the head, brain, neck, body, shoulder, arm, chest, heart, stomach, blood vessels, soft tissue, knee, foot, etc., or any combination thereof. In this application, "subject" and "object" are used interchangeably.

[0120] Network 150 can facilitate the exchange of information and / or data. In some embodiments, one or more components of radiation system 100 (e.g., radiation device 110, processing device 120, storage device 130, or terminal 140) can transmit information and / or data to another component(s) of radiation system 100 via network 150. For example, processing device 120 can obtain user instructions from terminal 140 via network 150. As another example, processing device 120 can obtain scan data (e.g., projection data) from radiation device 110 via network 150. In some embodiments, network 150 can be any type of wired or wireless network, or a combination thereof. The network 150 may be and / or include a public network (e.g., the Internet), a private network (e.g., a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), etc.), a wired network (e.g., an Ethernet network), a wireless network (e.g., an 802.11 network, a Wi-Fi network), a cellular network (e.g., a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network), a frame relay network, a virtual private network (VPN), a satellite network, a telephone network, a router, a hub, a switch, a server computer, and / or any combination thereof. By way of example only, the network 150 may include a cable network, a wired network, a fiber optic network, a telecommunications network, an intranet, the Internet, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network (WAN), a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a Bluetooth™ network, a ZigBee™ network, a Wi-Fi network, a WLAN, a WLAN, a WAN, a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a Bluetooth™ network, a ZigBee™ network, a Wi-Fi network, a WLAN, a WAN, a WLAN ... TM In some embodiments, the network 150 may include one or more network access points, such as a wireless network, a near field communication (NFC) network, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the network 150 may include one or more network access points. For example, the network 150 may include a wired or wireless network access point, such as a base station and / or an Internet exchange point, through which one or more components of the radiant system 100 may connect to the network 150 to exchange data and / or information.

[0121] Terminal 140 may include a mobile device 140-1, a tablet computer 140-2, a laptop computer 140-3, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, mobile device 140-1 may include a smart home device, a wearable device, a smart mobile device, a virtual reality device, an augmented reality device, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, a smart home device may include a smart lighting device, a control device for smart appliances, a smart monitoring device, a smart TV, a smart camera, an intercom, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, a wearable device may include a bracelet, an anklet, glasses, a helmet, a watch, clothing, a backpack, an accessory, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, a smart mobile device may include a smartphone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a gaming device, a navigation device, a point-of-sale (POS) device, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, a virtual reality device and / or an augmented reality device may include a virtual reality helmet, virtual reality glasses, a virtual reality patch, an augmented reality helmet, augmented reality glasses, an augmented reality patch, or the like, or any combination thereof. For example, a virtual reality device and / or an augmented reality device may include Google Glass, Oculus Rift, HoloLens, Gear VR, or the like. In some embodiments, terminal 140 can remotely operate radiation device 110. In some embodiments, terminal 140 can operate radiation device 110 via a wireless connection. In some embodiments, terminal 140 can receive user input information and / or instructions and transmit the received information and / or instructions to radiation device 110 or processing device 120 via network 150. In some embodiments, terminal 140 can receive data and / or information from processing device 120. In some embodiments, terminal 140 can be part of processing device 120. In some embodiments, terminal 140 can be omitted.

[0122] In some embodiments, the processing device 120 can process data obtained from the radiation device 110, the storage device 130, or the terminal 140. For example, the processing device 120 can obtain projection data of an object from the radiation device 110 and generate an image of the object based on the projection data. As another example, the processing device 120 can position one or more components of the radiation device 110 (e.g., a treatment head, an imaging radiation source, a detector, a collimator, a patient support, a gantry, etc.) in a specific location. The processing device 120 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), a system on a chip (SoC), a microcontroller unit (MCU), etc., or any combination thereof.

[0123] In some embodiments, processing device 120 may be a single server or a server group. The server group may be centralized or distributed. In some embodiments, processing device 120 may be local or remote. For example, processing device 120 may access information and / or data stored in radiation device 110, storage device 130, and / or terminal 140 via network 150. As another example, processing device 120 may be directly connected to radiation device 110, storage device 130, and / or terminal 140 to access stored information and / or data. In some embodiments, processing device 120 may be implemented on a cloud platform. By way of example only, a cloud platform may include a private cloud, a public cloud, a hybrid cloud, a community cloud, a distributed cloud, an inter-cloud cloud, a multi-cloud, or similar clouds, or any combination thereof.

[0124] The storage device 130 may store data and / or instructions. In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may store data obtained from the terminal 140 and / or the processing device 120. For example, the storage device 130 may store one or more images generated by the processing device 120. In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may store data and / or instructions that the processing device 120 may execute or use to perform the exemplary methods described herein. For example, the storage device 130 may store instructions that the processing device 120 may execute or use to generate one or more images based on projection data. In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may include mass storage, removable storage, volatile read-write memory, read-only memory (ROM), or the like, or any combination thereof. Exemplary mass storage may include magnetic disks, optical disks, solid-state drives, and the like. Exemplary removable storage may include flash drives, floppy disks, optical disks, memory cards, compact disks, magnetic tape, and the like. Exemplary volatile read-write memory may include random access memory (RAM). Exemplary RAMs may include dynamic RAM (DRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic RAM (DDR SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), thyristor RAM (T-RAM), and zero-capacitance RAM (Z-RAM). Exemplary ROMs may include mask ROM (MROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (PEROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), compact disk ROM (CD-ROM), and digital versatile disk ROM. In some embodiments, storage device 130 may be implemented on a cloud platform. By way of example only, a cloud platform may include a private cloud, a public cloud, a hybrid cloud, a community cloud, a distributed cloud, an inter-cloud cloud, a multi-cloud, or any combination thereof.

[0125] In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may be connected to the network 150 to communicate with one or more components of the radiation system 100 (e.g., the radiation device 110, the processing device 120, and the terminal 140). One or more components of the radiation system 100 may access data or instructions stored in the storage device 130 via the network 150. In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may be directly connected to or in communication with one or more components of the radiation system 100 (e.g., the processing device 120 and the terminal 140). In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may be part of the processing device 120.

[0126] Figure 2 and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary configuration of the radiation device 110 according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0127] according to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the configuration 200 or 300 shown, the radiation device 110 may include a treatment assembly, an imaging assembly, and a gantry 210. The treatment assembly may include a treatment head 204 and a first auxiliary assembly 214. The imaging assembly may include a first imaging radiation source 206 (e.g., a CT imaging radiation source), a first detector 207 (e.g., a CT detector), and a second auxiliary assembly 215. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the rack 210 may include a first rack portion 202 and a second rack portion 203, wherein the second rack portion 203 is located next to the first rack portion 202 along the rotation axis 208 of the radiating device 110 (or the rack 210). As used herein, the first rack portion 202 and the second rack portion 203 being adjacent to each other means that there is no other rotating loop between the first rack portion 202 and the second rack portion 203.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first rack portion 202 and the second rack portion 203 can be housed in a housing of the rack 210. In some embodiments, the first rack portion 202 and the second rack portion 203 can be housed in different housings within the rack 210. For example, the first rack portion 202 and the second rack portion 203 can be housed in different housings that are fixed relative to each other. As another example, the first rack portion 202 and the second rack portion 203 can be housed in different housings that can move relative to each other (e.g., the housing that houses the first rack portion 202 is configured to rotate, while the housing that houses the second rack portion 203 is fixed).

[0129] In some embodiments, the first rack section 202 and the second rack section 203 can be integrated into a single rack (e.g., rack 210) and rotate together. In some embodiments, the first rack section 202 and the second rack section 203 can be integrated into a single rack (e.g., rack 210), and the first rack section 202 can rotate independently of the second rack section 203. In some embodiments, the first rack section 202 and the second rack section 203 can be two separate parts of the rack 210 and rotate synchronously. In some embodiments, the first rack section 202 and the second rack section 203 can be two separate parts of the rack 210, and the first rack section 202 can rotate independently of the second rack section 203.

[0130] In some embodiments, the treatment head 204, the first imaging radiation source 206, and the first detector 207 may be disposed on the first gantry portion 202. In some embodiments, the first gantry portion 202 may have a rotational axis. In some embodiments, the first gantry portion 202 may rotate about the rotational axis. In some embodiments, the rotational axis of the first gantry portion 202 may coincide with the rotational axis of the gantry 210 or the rotational axis 208 of the radiation device 110 described elsewhere herein. By way of example only, the first imaging radiation source 206 and the first detector 207 may be disposed in the first portion of the first gantry portion 202. The treatment head 204 may be disposed in the second portion of the first gantry portion 202. In some embodiments, the first portion may be configured to rotate independently of the second portion. The first portion may be configured to rotate within a first range without colliding with the second portion. In some embodiments, the treatment head may be configured radially away from the rotational axis of the gantry 210 to allow the first portion to rotate independently within a second range without colliding. As used herein, the second range may be greater than the first range. As described elsewhere in this specification, the rotation axis of the gantry 210 may coincide with the rotation axis 208 of the radiation device 110 .

[0131] In some embodiments, the first portion and the second portion may be arranged in parallel along the rotation axis 208 of the radiation device 110. See, for example, Figure 4 and its description. In some embodiments, the first portion and the second portion can be arranged concentrically. See, for example, Figure 5 In some embodiments, at least a portion of second gantry portion 203 can rotate with treatment head 204 or first imaging radiation source 206. In some embodiments, at least a portion of second gantry portion 203 can be stationary while treatment head 204 or first imaging radiation source 206 rotates.

[0132] In some embodiments, the first auxiliary assembly 214 and the second auxiliary assembly 215 can be positioned within the second frame portion 203. By way of example only, the first auxiliary assembly 214 can be positioned in a portion of the second frame portion 203 that is not Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second auxiliary component 215 shown is different. It should be noted that the above description is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. Figure 1 In related description, the first auxiliary assembly 214 or the second auxiliary assembly 215 may include different components. In some embodiments, the components of the first auxiliary assembly 214 or the second auxiliary assembly 215 may be arranged in the available space of the second rack portion 203 according to actual needs. For example, different components of the first auxiliary assembly 214 may be located in different parts of the second rack portion 203. As another example, different components of the second auxiliary assembly 215 may be located in different parts of the second rack portion 203. As a further example, Figure 2 and 3 As shown, different components of the first auxiliary assembly 214 may be concentrated and configured in one portion of the second rack portion 203 , while different components of the second auxiliary assembly 215 may be concentrated and configured in another portion of the second rack portion 203 .

[0133] In some embodiments, treatment head 204, first imaging radiation source 206, and first detector 207 can be configured to rotate in the same rotational plane; that is, first imaging radiation source 206 and first detector 207 can rotate together with treatment head 204. For example, treatment head 204, first imaging radiation source 206, and first detector 207 can be configured to rotate in the same rotational plane, for example, first rotational plane 212, perpendicular to Figure 2 The rotation axis 208 of the middle radiation device 110.

[0134] In some embodiments, treatment head 204, first imaging radiation source 206, and first detector 207 can rotate in different rotational planes. Figure 3 As shown, treatment head 204 can be configured to rotate in a first rotational plane 212 that is perpendicular to rotational axis 208 of radiation device 110. First imaging radiation source 206 and first detector 207 can be configured to rotate in a second rotational plane 213 that is perpendicular to rotational axis 208 of radiation device 110 and different from first rotational plane 212. In some embodiments, second rotational plane 213 can be closer to the second gantry portion than first rotational plane 212; that is, first imaging radiation source 206 and first detector 207 can be located between second gantry portion 203 and treatment head 204.

[0135] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the aperture 211 of the rack 210 can extend within the first rack portion 202. This is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting. In some embodiments, the aperture 211 of the rack 210 can extend from the first rack portion 202 to at least a portion of the second rack portion 203. For example, the aperture 211 of the rack 210 can extend through both the first rack portion 202 and the second rack portion 203. For another example, the aperture 211 of the rack 210 can extend from the first rack portion 202 to at least a portion of the second rack portion 203.

[0136] In some embodiments, the treatment head of the radiation device 110 (e.g., Figure 1 Treatment head 112, Figure 2 The treatment head 204 in the embodiment of the present invention may include a primary collimator configured to determine a maximum therapeutic radiation region. The treatment beam emitted by the treatment head may move from the treatment head toward the subject within the maximum therapeutic radiation region. In some embodiments, the treatment head may include a secondary collimator (e.g., Figure 6 Collimator 602 in FIG. 2 ). The secondary collimator can be located below the primary collimator and positioned relative to the treatment head. As used herein, component A below component B means that component B is closer to the therapeutic radiation source (e.g., therapeutic radiation source 610) than component A. The secondary collimator can adjust the size, position, and / or shape of the therapeutic beam within the maximum therapeutic radiation area so that the collimated therapeutic beam approaches and is aimed at a target area within the subject. In some embodiments, the secondary collimator can be positioned in a treatment path of the therapeutic beam. In some embodiments, the secondary collimator can include a multi-leaf collimator (MLC).

[0137] Perpendicular to the central axis of the treatment beam (eg Figure 4 417 in) and passes through the isocenter of the treatment assembly (e.g. Figure 4 The plane of 416) can be called the isocenter plane (such as Figure 4 The maximum treatment radiation area can provide the maximum treatment field on the isocenter plane (such as Figure 6 608 in the ).

[0138] like Figure 4 As shown, the maximum treatment radiation area above the isocenter plane 415 can be referred to as the first treatment sub-area, and the maximum treatment radiation area below the isocenter plane 415 can be referred to as the second treatment sub-area. In some embodiments, the first treatment sub-area and the second treatment sub-area can constitute the maximum treatment radiation area of ​​the treatment beam. Figure 4 As shown, the region near the isocenter plane 415 along the emission direction of the treatment beam and delimited by the solid line representing the treatment beam 414 can be referred to as the first treatment sub-region. The region distal to the isocenter plane 415 along the emission direction of the treatment beam and delimited by the dashed line representing the treatment beam 414 can be referred to as the second treatment sub-region.

[0139] When the treatment head delivers a treatment beam to a subject (e.g., a patient), if a foreign object (e.g., one or more imaging radiation sources, one or more detectors) is present within the first treatment sub-region, the foreign object may obstruct at least a portion of the treatment beam from reaching the subject, thereby affecting the radiation treatment and / or imaging of the subject. Furthermore, exposure of a device (e.g., any of the one or more imaging radiation sources, one or more detectors) to the treatment beam may cause damage to the device, which in turn reduces the device's service life.

[0140] In some embodiments, when the treatment head delivers a treatment beam to the subject, the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more detectors may be positioned outside the first treatment subregion so that the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more detectors can perform imaging without interfering with the treatment beam. In this case, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more detectors may be located near the first treatment subregion. For example, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more detectors may be located at or near an edge of the first treatment subregion.

[0141] When the treatment beam is also used to image the subject, if there is a foreign object within the second treatment sub-region, the foreign object may block at least a portion of the treatment beam from reaching the treatment beam detector configured to detect at least a portion of the treatment beam, thereby affecting the imaging of the subject. In some embodiments, one or more imaging radiation sources and one or more imaging beam detectors configured to detect the imaging beam(s) (other than the treatment beam detector) may be removed from the path of the treatment beam. For example, when the treatment head delivers the treatment beam to the subject, the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more imaging beam detectors may be positioned outside the treatment region (not only the first treatment sub-region, but also the second treatment sub-region) so that the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more imaging beam detectors can be imaged without interfering with the treatment beam and / or exposure of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more imaging beam detectors can be avoided. In this case, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more imaging beam detectors may be located near the treatment region. For example, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more imaging beam detectors may be located near or at the edge of the treatment region, either within or outside the treatment region.

[0142] In some embodiments, the treatment beam can be collimated into a collimated treatment beam. The collimated treatment beam can provide a collimated treatment radiation area that is smaller than the maximum treatment radiation area of ​​the treatment beam. The collimated treatment beam can provide a targeted treatment area on the isocenter plane of the treatment assembly. The targeted treatment area can be smaller than the maximum treatment area of ​​the maximum treatment radiation area. The intersection of the maximum treatment radiation area and the targeted treatment area can constitute the collimated treatment radiation area. A portion of the collimated treatment radiation area that is close to the isocenter plane along the emission direction of the treatment beam can be referred to as a third treatment sub-area. A portion of the collimated treatment radiation area that is away from the isocenter plane along the emission direction of the treatment beam can be referred to as a fourth treatment sub-area.

[0143] For example, when the treatment head delivers a treatment beam to a subject, the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more detectors can be positioned outside of the third treatment sub-region so that the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more detectors do not interfere with the collimated treatment beam. In this case, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more detectors can be positioned near the third treatment sub-region. For example, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more detectors can be positioned at an edge of the third treatment sub-region of the collimated treatment beam, rather than at the first treatment sub-region of the treatment beam, indicating that at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more detectors can be positioned near an edge of the first treatment sub-region. In this way, the projection of at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more detectors along the treatment beam onto the isocenter plane of the treatment assembly can be within the maximum treatment region of the treatment head.

[0144] In some embodiments, if the treatment beam is also used to image the subject, when the treatment head delivers the treatment beam to the subject, the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more imaging beam detectors can be located outside the collimated treatment radiation region so that the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more imaging beam detectors can perform imaging without interfering with the collimated treatment beam. In this case, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more imaging beam detectors can be located near the collimated treatment radiation region. For example, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more imaging beam detectors can be located at an edge of the collimated treatment radiation region, rather than the treatment region of the treatment beam, indicating that the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more imaging beam detectors can be located "near" the edge of the treatment region of the treatment beam. In this way, the projection of at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources and the one or more imaging beam detectors along the treatment beam onto the isocenter plane can be within the maximum treatment region of the treatment head.

[0145] Figure 6is a schematic diagram of a cross section of an exemplary configuration 600 of a radiation device 110 according to some embodiments of the present specification. Figure 6 The configuration 600 of the radiation device 110 shown in FIG. 6 is viewed from a direction facing the front of the radiation device 110 (e.g., along Figure 1 A view of the radiation device 110 as viewed in the negative y direction). Figure 6 The x, y, and z directions in Figure 1 In the direction of Figure 6 , the positive y direction is perpendicular to the paper and points outward.

[0146] like Figure 6 As shown, a therapeutic radiation source 610 (e.g., an X-ray target) of a treatment head 604 can emit a therapeutic beam 601 that provides a maximum treatment area 608 (e.g., 40 cm×40 cm) for a first treatment area 606. The therapeutic beam 601 can be collimated by a collimator 602 (e.g., a secondary collimator) into a collimated therapeutic beam 605. The collimated therapeutic beam 605 can provide a second treatment area 603 that is smaller than the first treatment area 606. The collimated therapeutic beam 605 can provide a targeted treatment area 607 (e.g., 15 cm×15 cm), which is smaller than the maximum treatment area 608.

[0147] like Figure 6 As shown, when treatment head 604 delivers treatment beam 601 to the subject, imaging radiation source 609 can be located at the edge of second treatment region 603, indicating that imaging radiation source 609 is located near the edge of first treatment region 606. The projection of imaging radiation source 609 onto the isocenter plane of the treatment assembly along treatment beam 601 can be within maximum treatment region 608.

[0148] In some embodiments, the treatment assembly of radiation device 110 may include a treatment head, and the imaging assembly of radiation device 110 may include a first imaging radiation source (e.g., a CT imaging radiation source) and a first detector corresponding to the first imaging radiation source. The first imaging radiation source may be positioned as close to the treatment head as possible without interfering with the treatment beam emitted by the treatment head. In some embodiments, there may be an angular offset between the first imaging radiation source and the treatment head. For example, when the treatment head delivers a treatment beam to a subject along a first direction, the first imaging radiation source may be configured such that the first imaging radiation source emits an imaging beam along a second direction. The difference between the first direction and the second direction may be less than 30 degrees, so that the imaging beam is similar in direction to the treatment beam. The first direction may be the direction of the central axis of the treatment beam. The second direction may be the direction of the central axis of the imaging beam of the first imaging radiation source. In this way, more projection data may be obtained that is substantially along or close to the first direction, thereby facilitating the detection of anatomical structures and / or motion (the type of motion that has the greatest impact on photon therapy) of a subject's ROI (including, for example, a target volume, an OAR, etc.) perpendicular to the treatment beam (e.g., the first direction).

[0149] In some embodiments, the treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector can be configured to rotate in different rotational planes. In this case, the first imaging radiation source can be positioned at a distance from the treatment head along the rotational axis of the radiation device 110. The distance can be below a threshold value (e.g., 20 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, 80 cm, 1 m). The isocenter of the treatment assembly can be within the rotational plane of the treatment head. The isocenter of the imaging assembly can be within the rotational plane of the first imaging radiation source. Therefore, the distance between the isocenter of the treatment assembly and the isocenter of the imaging assembly along the rotational axis can be below a threshold value (e.g., 20 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, 80 cm, 1 m).

[0150] Figure 4 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary configuration 400 of a radiation device 110 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. According to configuration 400, a treatment head 404, a first imaging radiation source 406, and a first detector 407 can be configured to rotate in different rotational planes about a rotational axis 408 of the radiation device 110. For example, the treatment head 404 can rotate in a first rotational plane 412, and the first imaging radiation source 406 and the first detector 407 can rotate in a second rotational plane 413 that is different from the first rotational plane 412. The second rotational plane 413 can be located at the edge of a treatment beam 414 emitted by the treatment head 404.

[0151] like Figure 4As shown, a certain distance may be provided between the first rotational plane 412 and the second rotational plane 413. That is, the first imaging radiation source may be spaced a certain distance from the treatment head along the rotational axis 408 of the radiation device 110, wherein the distance may be below a threshold value (e.g., 20 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, 80 cm, or 1 m). The isocenter of the treatment assembly may be at the intersection of the rotational axis 408 and the rotational plane 412. The isocenter of the imaging assembly may be at the intersection of the rotational axis 408 and the rotational plane 413. Therefore, the distance between the isocenter of the treatment assembly (or the first rotational plane 412) and the isocenter of the imaging assembly (or the second rotational plane 413) may be below a threshold value (e.g., 20 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, 80 cm, or 1 m).

[0152] For example, Figure 5 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary configuration 500 of radiation device 110 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. According to configuration 500, treatment head 504, first imaging radiation source 506, and first detector 507 can rotate within the same rotational plane. First imaging radiation source 506 and first detector 507 can be positioned in a first ring 512. Treatment head 504 can be positioned in a second ring 513 that is distinct from first ring 512. First ring 512 and second ring 513 can be concentric.

[0153] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source 506 and the first detector 507 can be configured to oscillate so as not to interfere with the first treatment sub-region of the treatment beam 514. The treatment beam 514 can form the maximum treatment region of the treatment head 504. For example, when the treatment beam 514 is on, the first ring 512 carrying the first imaging radiation source 506 and the first detector 507 can be adjusted so that the first imaging radiation source 506 and the first detector 507 are located outside the first treatment sub-region. When the treatment beam 514 is off, the first ring 512 carrying the first imaging radiation source 506 and the first detector 507 can be moved so that at least a portion of the first imaging radiation source 506 is located within the first treatment sub-region and at least a portion of the first detector 507 is located within the second treatment sub-region. When the treatment beam 514 is resumed, the first ring 512 carrying the first imaging radiation source 506 and the first detector 507 can be moved so that the first imaging radiation source 506 and the first detector 507 are again located outside the first treatment sub-region. In some embodiments, at least one of the first imaging radiation source 506 or the first detector 507 is moved into and out of the first treatment sub-region using a swinging motion. In some embodiments, at least one of the first imaging radiation source 506 or the first detector 507 is moved into and out of the second treatment sub-region using a swinging motion. In this manner, the imaging beam can be substantially along or close to the viewing angle of the treatment beam; that is, the imaging beam can be substantially along or close to the first direction of the central axis of the treatment beam 514. The imaging data thus obtained can better depict the anatomy and / or motion of the ROI (including, for example, a target volume, an OAR, etc.) of the subject encountered by the treatment beam (e.g., in the first direction).

[0154] In some embodiments, delivery of the therapeutic beam and delivery of the first imaging beam can be alternating. For example, the first imaging radiation source can be configured to emit the first imaging beam while pausing delivery of the therapeutic beam to the subject. In this case, the first gantry portion of the gantry can rotate at a first speed during emission of the first imaging beam and at a second speed during emission of the therapeutic beam. In some embodiments, the first speed can be faster than the second speed.

[0155] In some embodiments, delivery of the therapeutic beam and delivery of the first imaging beam can occur simultaneously. For example, the first imaging radiation source can be configured to emit the first imaging radiation while the treatment head is delivering the therapeutic beam to the subject. In this case, while delivering the first imaging radiation and the therapeutic beam, the first gantry portion can rotate at a third speed, that is, the first imaging radiation source, the first detector, and the treatment head rotate at the third speed. In some embodiments, the third speed can be the same as or different from the first speed or the second speed.

[0156] In some embodiments, the first angular projection range of the first imaging radiation source may be a portion of the total angular projection range of the radiation system. The first imaging radiation source may be configured to rotate to cover the second angular projection range while the treatment head is delivering a treatment beam to the subject or while delivery of the treatment beam to the subject is paused. The first angular projection range and the second angular projection range may constitute the total angular projection range of radiation device 110.

[0157] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source and the first detector can be configured to move within a 360-degree range without colliding with other components of the radiation device 110 (e.g., the treatment head). In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source and the first detector can be configured to move within a limited angular range less than 360 degrees. The treatment head can be configured to move radially away from the isocenter of the radiation system (e.g., the isocenter of the treatment assembly) to allow the first imaging radiation source and the first detector to move within a 360-degree range.

[0158] For example, the first imaging radiation source and the first detector can be positioned to move along the same rotating ring. The first imaging radiation source and the first detector can be independently movable within a limited angular range less than 360 degrees. By radially moving the treatment head, the treatment head can make room for independent movement of the first imaging radiation source and the first detector.

[0159] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source can be configured to move, along with the first detector, around the gantry's rotational axis and independently of the gantry within a first range of less than or equal to 360 degrees without collision. In some embodiments, the treatment head can be configured to move (e.g., radially away from the isocenter of the imaging assembly or in the Y direction) to allow for independent movement of the first imaging radiation source and the first detector, thereby allowing the first imaging radiation source and the first detector to move independently within a second range without collision. The second range can be larger than the first range.

[0160] In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source can be configured to perform one or more unidirectional rotations (e.g., clockwise or counterclockwise) within a range of 360 degrees. Thus, the first imaging radiation source can rotate within any angular range (e.g., 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees, 360 degrees, 720 degrees). For example, the first imaging radiation source can rotate in one direction only once. As another example, the first imaging radiation source can rotate in one direction multiple times. In some embodiments, the first imaging radiation source can be configured to swing within a range of 360 degrees or a limited angular range of less than 360 degrees. As used herein, swinging refers to moving forward and backward, for example, in a clockwise direction and then in a counterclockwise direction, or vice versa.

[0161] Figure 9A is a schematic diagram of a cross section of an exemplary configuration 900A of a radiation device 110 according to some embodiments of the present specification. Figure 9A The configuration 900A of the radiation device 110 shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from a direction facing the front of the radiation device 110 (e.g., along the Figure 1 A view of the radiation device 110 as viewed in the negative y direction). Figure 9A The x, y, and z directions in Figure 6 direction in.

[0162] like Figure 9A As shown, according to configuration 900A, the radiation device 110 may include a treatment head 904, a first imaging radiation source 906, and a first detector 907 (e.g., a curvilinear detector) mounted on a ring 901. The first imaging radiation source 906 and the first detector 907 may be rotated independently of the treatment head 904 within an angular range α. The first imaging radiation source 906 and the first detector 907 may be configured to rotate independently within the angular range α so as not to interfere with the first treatment sub-region of the treatment beam having the maximum treatment field. For example, when the treatment beam is on, the first imaging radiation source 906 and the first detector 907 may be rotated so that the first imaging radiation source 906 and the first detector 907 are located outside the first treatment sub-region. When the treatment beam is turned off, the first imaging radiation source 906 and the first detector 907 can be rotated so that at least a portion of the first imaging radiation source 906 is located within the first treatment sub-region and at least a portion of the first detector 907 is located within the second treatment sub-region; when the treatment beam is restored, the first imaging radiation source 906 and the first detector 907 can adjust their positions so that the first imaging radiation source 906 and the first detector 907 are located outside the first treatment sub-region again.

[0163] Figure 9B is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of an exemplary configuration 900B of the radiation device 110 according to some embodiments of the present specification. Figure 9B The configuration 900B of the radiation device 110 shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from a direction facing the front of the radiation device 110 (e.g., along the Figure 1 A view of the radiation device 110 as viewed in the negative y direction). Figure 9B The x, y, and z directions in the Figure 6 direction in.

[0164] like Figure 9BAs shown, according to configuration 900B, the radiation device 110 may include a treatment head 904 mounted on a first ring 901 and a first imaging radiation source 906 and a first detector 907 (e.g., a curvilinear detector) mounted on a second ring 902. The first imaging radiation source 906 and the first detector 907 may rotate independently of the treatment head 904. In some embodiments, the treatment head may be configured to move radially away from the isocenter 916 of the radiation device 110 to allow the first imaging radiation source and the first detector to rotate independently within a certain range (360 degrees) without colliding.

[0165] In some embodiments, the radiation device 110 may include a treatment head, a first imaging radiation source (e.g., Figures 1 to 6 、 Figure 9A and Figure 9B ), at least one second imaging radiation source (e.g., Figure 1 At least one second imaging radiation source as shown in FIG), a first detector corresponding to the first imaging radiation source (e.g., as Figures 1 to 6 、 Figure 9A and Figure 9B ), and at least one second detector corresponding to at least one second imaging radiation source (e.g., Figure 1 As used herein, the first imaging radiation source and the at least one second imaging radiation source may be collectively referred to as "one or more imaging radiation sources." The first detector and the at least one second detector may be collectively referred to as "one or more detectors."

[0166] In some embodiments, at least two of the one or more imaging radiation sources can share one of the one or more detectors. The shared detector can be configured to detect at least two imaging beams, each imaging beam originating from a different imaging radiation source of the at least two imaging radiation sources. For example, a first imaging radiation source and one of the at least one second imaging radiation sources can share a first detector. As another example, two of the at least one second imaging radiation sources can share one of the at least one second detector. In some embodiments, each of the one or more imaging radiation sources can correspond to one of the one or more detectors.

[0167] In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources (or at least one second imaging radiation source) and the treatment head can be configured to rotate in the same rotational plane (e.g., the rotational plane of the treatment head) that is perpendicular to the rotational axis of the radiation device 110. In some embodiments, the one or more imaging radiation sources (or at least one second imaging radiation source) can be arranged in series and not separated by detectors. In some embodiments, the one or more detectors (or at least one second detector) and the one or more imaging radiation sources (or at least one second imaging radiation source) can be arranged alternately (e.g., in Figure 8 ). For example, at least one or two of the one or more imaging radiation sources can be located between two detectors. As another example, at least two detectors can be located between two of the one or more imaging radiation sources.

[0168] Figure 7 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary configuration 700 of a radiation device 110 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. According to configuration 700, four imaging radiation sources 701, 702, 703, and 705, a treatment head 704, and three detectors 706, 707, and 708 can rotate in different rotational planes. For example, imaging radiation sources 701, 703, and 707 can be configured to rotate in rotational plane 714. Treatment head 704 and detector 708 (e.g., an EPID) can be configured to rotate in rotational plane (also referred to as a rotating ring or simply a ring) 712. Imaging radiation source 705 and detector 706 can be configured to rotate in rotational plane 713. Rotational plane 712, rotational plane 713, and rotational plane 714 can be different planes along the rotational axis of radiation device 110.

[0169] like Figure 7 As shown, detector 706 may be located opposite imaging radiation source 703 and configured to detect an imaging beam emitted from 703. Detector 707 may be located opposite imaging radiation source 705 and configured to detect an imaging beam emitted from 705. Detector 708 may be located opposite imaging radiation sources 701 and 702 and treatment head 704 and configured to detect imaging beam(s) emitted from 701 and / or 702 and / or a treatment beam emitted from 704.

[0170] Figure 8FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary configuration 800 of a radiation device 110 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Treatment head 804, imaging radiation sources 801, 803, 805, and 802, as well as detectors 806, 808, and 807, can be configured to rotate within the same rotational plane. Imaging radiation sources 801, 803, 805, and 802, as well as detectors 806, 808, and 807, can be arranged alternately. In some embodiments, detector 708 (e.g., an EPID) can be configured to detect at least a portion of the imaging beam(s) emitted by imaging radiation sources 801, 803, 805, and 802 and / or at least a portion of the treatment beam emitted by treatment head 804.

[0171] In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources (or at least one second imaging radiation source) and the treatment head can be configured to rotate in different rotational planes that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the rotational axis of the radiation device 110. For example, two of the at least one second imaging radiation source can be located on either side of the treatment head along the rotational axis of the radiation device 110.

[0172] In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources (or at least one second imaging radiation source) and the one or more detectors (or at least one second detector) can be positioned proximal or distal to the maximum treatment field of the treatment head along the emission direction of the treatment beam emitted by the treatment head.

[0173] In some embodiments, similar to the first imaging radiation source and the treatment head, at least two of the one or more imaging radiation sources (or at least one second imaging radiation source) can be configured to emit imaging beams simultaneously or alternately. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources can be configured to emit the imaging beam while the treatment head is delivering the treatment beam to the subject or while the treatment head is pausing delivery of the treatment beam to the subject.

[0174] In some embodiments, the combined first angular projection range of the one or more static imaging radiation sources (or at least one second imaging radiation source) can be a portion of the total angular projection range of the radiation system. At least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources (or at least one second imaging radiation source) can be configured to rotate to cover the second angular projection range while the treatment head is delivering a treatment beam to the subject or while the treatment head is paused from delivering a treatment beam to the subject. The first angular projection range and the second angular projection range can constitute the total angular projection range of radiation device 110.

[0175] In some embodiments, one of the one or more imaging radiation sources (or referred to as a third imaging radiation source) and a corresponding detector of the one or more detectors (or referred to as a third detector), collectively referred to as a third imaging source-third detector set, may be arranged in a first rotation plane (e.g., Figure 7 The rotation plane 712 in Figure 9B The remaining radiation sources and the remaining detectors, collectively referred to as the remaining radiation source-rest detector group, can be arranged in a second rotation plane (eg, Figure 7 The rotation plane 713 or the rotation plane 714 in Figure 9B The third imaging radiation source and the third detector can be moved in a rotational plane different from the remaining radiation source and detector sets without interfering with each other. Thus, the third imaging radiation source and the third detector can be moved within a 360-degree range along the corresponding rotational ring without colliding.

[0176] In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more remaining radiation sources (including the treatment head and one or more imaging radiation sources other than the third imaging radiation source), or one or more remaining detectors (one or more detectors other than the third detector corresponding to the third imaging radiation source) can be configured to move radially away from the isocenter of the radiation system to allow the third imaging radiation source and the third detector to move within a 360-degree range.

[0177] In some embodiments, one or more imaging radiation sources and one or more detectors can be positioned to move along the same rotating ring. In some embodiments, one of the one or more imaging radiation sources (or a third imaging radiation source) can be configured to move, along with a corresponding detector in the one or more detectors (or a third detector), around the gantry's rotational axis and independently of the gantry within a first range of less than or equal to 360 degrees without colliding. In some embodiments, at least one of the remaining radiation sources (including the treatment head and one or more imaging radiation sources (excluding the third imaging radiation source) or one or more detectors (excluding the third detector corresponding to the third imaging radiation source) can be configured to move (e.g., radially away from the isocenter of the radiation system or in the y-direction) to make room for independent movement of the third imaging radiation source and the third detector, thereby allowing the third imaging radiation source and the third detector to move independently within a second range without colliding. The second range can be larger than the first range.

[0178] In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources can be configured to perform a unidirectional rotation (e.g., clockwise or counterclockwise) within a 360-degree range. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources can be configured to perform a swinging motion within a 360-degree range or a limited angular range less than 360 degrees. As used herein, swinging motion refers to moving forward and backward, for example, in a clockwise direction and then in a counterclockwise direction, or vice versa.

[0179] In some embodiments, as described above, the first imaging radiation source can be positioned a distance from the treatment head along the rotational axis of radiation system 110. Thus, the first imaging radiation source can provide a first imaging beam to image a first region of the subject, while the treatment head provides a treatment beam to a second region of the subject (e.g., a target region of the subject to be treated). In some embodiments, radiation system 110 can include a collimator (e.g., a secondary collimator). The collimator can include a plurality of blades forming an aperture configured to collimate the treatment beam to conform to the second region of the subject. In some embodiments, the first region (e.g., the heart, lungs, diaphragm, bladder, or rectum of the subject) can be associated with motion of the second region (e.g., the chest, breast, or abdomen of the subject). In some embodiments, the first region can at least partially overlap with the second region. In some embodiments, an image of the first region determined based on an imaging dataset corresponding to at least a portion of the first imaging beam detected by a detector of radiation system 100 can include the second region. The image of the first region can be used not only to monitor motion of the first and / or second regions, but also to monitor radiation therapy to the second region. In some embodiments, the position of the first imaging radiation source can be adjusted so that the first region at least partially overlaps with the second region. In some embodiments, the radiation range of the first imaging radiation source can be adjusted so that the first region at least partially overlaps the second region. In some alternative embodiments, the first region may not overlap the second region. For example, the first region may be adjacent to the second region or separated from the second region.

[0180] In some embodiments, when the second region moves relative to the treatment head due to movement of the subject's organ, at least one of the position or shape of the collimator's aperture may be adjusted so that the collimated treatment beam tracks the second region. In some embodiments, as described above, the first region may be associated with the movement of the second region. The processing device 120 may adjust at least one of the position or shape of the collimator's aperture based on an image of the first region. For example, if the second region moves to the left (e.g., in the positive x-direction) relative to the treatment head due to movement of the subject's organ by a first distance, the entire collimator may be moved to the left by a second distance corresponding to the first distance. As another example, if the second region moves to the left (e.g., in the positive x-direction) relative to the treatment head due to movement of the subject's organ by a first distance, at least one blade used to shape the second region of the collimator may be moved to the left by a second distance corresponding to the first distance. As a further example, if the second region moves to the left (e.g., in the positive x-direction) relative to the treatment head due to movement of the subject's organ by a first distance, the entire collimator may be rotated a certain degree (e.g., 10 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees) so that the treatment beam tracks the second region after the second region moves.

[0181] In some embodiments, when a subject moves relative to the treatment head along the rotational axis of radiation device 110, for example, during radiation therapy of a target area of ​​the subject, at least one of the position and / or shape of the collimator's aperture can be adjusted so that the collimated treatment beam tracks the target area of ​​the subject. The collimator's aperture position can move in the direction of the subject's movement relative to the treatment head. For example, if the subject moves relative to the treatment head by moving patient support 113 along the rotational axis, the collimator's aperture position can move in the same direction as patient support 113. As another example, if the subject moves relative to the treatment head by moving the radiation system's gantry, the collimator's aperture position can move in a direction opposite to the direction of the radiation system's gantry movement. In some embodiments, the collimator's position and / or aperture shape can be adjusted by moving the entire collimator along the rotational axis and / or adjusting one or more of the collimator's multiple blades that contribute to the aperture. For example, if the subject moves relative to the treatment head by moving patient support 113 leftward (e.g., in the positive X direction) along the rotational axis by a first distance, the entire collimator can be moved leftward by a second distance corresponding to the first distance. As another example, if the subject is moved relative to the treatment head by moving the patient support 113 a distance to the left (e.g., in the positive x-direction) along the rotation axis, the entire collimator can be rotated a certain amount (e.g., 10 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees) so that the treatment beam tracks a second area after the movement.

[0182] In some embodiments, after radiation treatment of a target area to be treated is completed, the object can be moved along the rotational axis of radiation device 110 to position the next target area to be treated in radiation system 100. For example, the center of the next target area to be treated can be positioned to (substantially) coincide with the isocenter of the radiation system (e.g., the isocenter of the treatment assembly of the radiation system). Furthermore, at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources can emit imaging beam(s) toward the next target area to be treated and can generate an image of the next target area to be treated. In some embodiments, the image of the next target area to be treated can be used to guide radiation treatment of the next target area.

[0183] 10A to 10D FIG is a schematic diagram of exemplary adjustment of the collimator hole according to some embodiments of the present specification. Figure 10A As shown, the blades 1002 of the collimator 1001 (e.g., a secondary collimator) can form a first aperture 1008-1 and collimate the therapeutic beam emitted by the therapeutic radiation source 1010 (e.g., an X-ray target) of the treatment head 1004 into a first collimated therapeutic beam 1005-1. The first collimated therapeutic beam 1005-1 can be irradiated to the area to be treated 1007 of the subject 1006 through the first aperture 1008-1. Figure 10B As shown, the subject 1006 can be moved in the positive Y direction by a first distance (e.g., distance e). To allow the treatment beam to track the area 1007 to be treated, the position of the entire collimator 1001 and at least one of the at least one blade 1002 can be moved, such that the position of the aperture of the collimator 1001 is moved in the positive Y direction by a second distance (e.g., distance f). In this case, the blades 1002 of the collimator 1001 can form a second aperture 1008-2 and collimate the treatment beam emitted by the treatment head 1004 to provide a second collimated treatment beam 1005-2. The second collimated treatment beam 1005-2 can be irradiated onto the area 1007 to be treated through the second aperture 1008-2.

[0184] like Figure 10C As shown, the subject 1006 can be moved in the positive Y direction by a first distance (e.g., distance a). To allow the treatment beam to track the area 1007 to be treated, at least one position of at least one blade 1002 is moved, causing the position of the aperture of the collimator 1001 to move in the positive Y direction by a second distance (e.g., distance b). In this case, the blades 1002 of the collimator 1001 can form a third aperture 1008-3 and collimate the treatment beam emitted by the treatment head 1004 to provide a third collimated treatment beam 1005-3. Third collimated treatment beam 1005-3 can be irradiated onto the area 1007 to be treated through the third aperture 1008-3.

[0185] like Figure 10DAs shown, the subject 1006 can be moved in the positive Y direction by a first distance (e.g., distance c). To allow the treatment beam to track the area 1007 to be treated, the entire collimator 1001 is moved, causing the position of the aperture of the collimator 1001 to be moved by a second distance (e.g., distance d) in the positive Y direction. In this case, the blades 1002 of the collimator 1001 can form a fourth aperture 1008-4 and collimate the treatment beam emitted by the treatment head 1004 to provide a fourth collimated treatment beam 1005-4. The fourth collimated treatment beam 1005-4 can be irradiated onto the area 1007 to be treated through the fourth aperture 1008-4.

[0186] Figures 10E to 10G Schematic diagram of exemplary first and second regions of an object according to some embodiments of this specification. Figure 10E As shown, the first imaging radiation source can deliver a first imaging beam to image a first region 1021 (e.g., a diaphragm) of the object. The blades 1024 of the collimator 1023 (e.g., a secondary collimator) can be aligned in the y direction (e.g., with the y direction). Figure 1 and 10A to 10D The blades may be arranged along an X direction perpendicular to the first direction (e.g., the same as the Y direction described in the preceding text). Figure 1 and 10A to 10D The collimator 1023 can collimate the treatment beam to conform to a second region 1022 of the subject (e.g., the chest). In some embodiments, the movement of the second region 1022 can be determined based on the image of the first region 1021. The radiation treatment of the second region 1022 can be determined or adjusted based on the image of the first region 1021. Figure 10E and Figure 10F As shown, the first area 1021 does not overlap with the second area 1022. Figure 10E Different, the blade 1024 of the collimator 1023 can move along the Y direction and along Figure 10F Arranged in the X direction. Figure 10E The difference is that the blades 1024 of the collimator 1023 can move along the Y direction and are arranged along the X direction, and as shown in FIG. Figure 10G The first region 1021 is shown overlapping with the second region 1022 .

[0187] Figure 11 is a diagram of exemplary hardware and / or software components of a computing device according to some embodiments of this specification, on which the processing device 120 may be implemented. Figure 11 As shown, computing device 1100 may include a processor 1110 , memory 1120 , input / output (I / O) 1130 , and communication port 1140 .

[0188] The processor 1110 can execute computer instructions (program code) and perform the functions of the processing device 120 according to the techniques described herein. Computer instructions may include routines, programs, objects, components, signals, data structures, programs, modules, and functions that perform the specific functions described herein. For example, the processor 1110 can process data obtained from the radiation device 110, the storage device 130, the terminal 140, or any other component of the radiation system 100. In some embodiments, the processor 1110 may include a microcontroller, a microprocessor, a reduced instruction set computer (RISC), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an application-specific instruction set processor (ASIP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a physical processing unit (PPU), a microcontroller unit, a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an advanced RISC machine (ARM), a programmable logic device (PLD), any circuit or processor capable of performing one or more functions, or the like, or any combination thereof.

[0189] For illustrative purposes only, only one processor is described in computing device 1100. However, it should be noted that computing device 1100 in this specification may also include multiple processors, and therefore, operations and / or method steps described in this specification as being performed by one processor may also be performed jointly or separately by multiple processors. For example, if a processor of computing device 1100 is described in this specification as performing steps A and B simultaneously, it should be understood that steps A and B may also be performed jointly or separately by two different processors in computing device 1100 (e.g., a first processor performs step A and a second processor performs step B, or the first processor and the second processor perform steps A and B jointly).

[0190] The memory 1120 can store data / information obtained from the radiation device 110, the storage device 130, the terminal 140, or any other component of the radiation system 100. In some embodiments, the memory 1120 may include a mass storage device, a removable storage device, volatile read-write memory, read-only memory (ROM), or the like, or any combination thereof. For example, the mass storage device may include a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a solid-state drive, or the like. The removable storage device may include a flash drive, a floppy disk, an optical disk, a memory card, a compressed disk, a magnetic tape, or the like. The volatile read-write memory may include random access memory (RAM). The RAM may include dynamic RAM (DRAM), dual-data-rate synchronous dynamic RAM (DDR SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), thyristor RAM (T-RAM), and zero-capacitor RAM (Z-RAM). ROM may include mask ROM (MROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (PEROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), compact disk ROM (CD-ROM), and digital versatile disk ROM. In some embodiments, memory 1120 may store one or more programs and / or instructions to execute the exemplary methods described in this specification.

[0191] I / O 1130 can input or output signals, data, or information. In some embodiments, I / O 1130 can enable a user to interact with processing device 120. For example, processing device 120 can display images via I / O 1130. In some embodiments, I / O 1130 can include input devices and output devices. Exemplary input devices can include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, or the like, or a combination thereof. Exemplary output devices can include a display device, a speaker, a printer, a projector, or the like, or a combination thereof. Exemplary display devices can include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED)-based display, a flat panel display, a curved screen, a television device, a cathode ray tube (CRT), or the like, or a combination thereof.

[0192] The communication port 1140 can be connected to a network (e.g., network 150) to facilitate data communication. The communication port 1140 can establish a connection between the processing device 120 and the radiation device 110, the storage device 130, or the terminal 140. The connection can be a wired connection, wireless, or a combination of the two, enabling data transmission and reception. The wired connection can include an electric wire, an optical cable, a telephone line, or the like, or any combination thereof. The wireless connection can include Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, WiMax, WLAN, ZigBee, a mobile network (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, etc.), or the like, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the communication port 1140 can be a standardized communication port, such as RS232, RS485, etc. In some embodiments, the communication port 1140 can be a specially designed communication port. For example, the communication port 1140 can be designed in accordance with the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) protocol.

[0193] Figure 12 FIG1 is a schematic diagram of exemplary hardware and / or software components of a mobile device according to some embodiments of the present specification, on which terminal 140 may be implemented. Figure 12 As shown, mobile device 1200 may include a communication platform 1210, a display 1220, a graphics processing unit (GPU) 1230, a central processing unit (CPU) 1240, an I / O 1250, memory 1260, and storage 1290. In some embodiments, any other suitable components, including a system bus or controller (not shown), may also be included in mobile device 1200. In some embodiments, a mobile operating system 1270 (e.g., iOS, Android, Windows Phone, etc.) and one or more applications 1280 may be loaded from storage 1290 into memory 1260 for execution by CPU 1240. Application 1280 may include a browser or any other suitable mobile application for receiving and presenting information related to radiation therapy or other information from treatment device 120. User interaction with the information stream may be enabled via I / O 1250 and provided to treatment device 120 and / or other components of radiation system 100 via network 150.

[0194] In order to implement the various modules, units and their functions described in the present specification, a computer hardware platform can be used as the hardware platform (or multiple) of one or more elements described herein. The hardware elements, operating system and programming language of such a computer are conventional in nature, and it is assumed that those skilled in the art are sufficiently familiar with these technologies to adapt to the radiation treatment described herein. The computer with the user interface elements can be used to implement a personal computer (PC) or another type of workstation or terminal device, although if programmed appropriately, the computer can also act as a server. It is believed that those skilled in the art are familiar with the structure, programming and general operation of such computer equipment, and therefore, the drawings should be self-explanatory.

[0195] Figure 13 13 is a block diagram of an exemplary processing device according to some embodiments of the present specification. The processing device 120 may include a positioning module 1310 , an imaging beam control module 1320 , a detection module 1330 , and a treatment beam control module 1340 .

[0196] Positioning module 1310 may be configured to position an object (eg, a patient) in a radiation system (eg, radiation system 100). In some embodiments, the center of the region to be treated (or target volume) of the object may be aligned with the isocenter of the radiation system.

[0197] The imaging beam control module 1320 may be configured to cause at least one imaging radiation source (e.g., Figures 1 to 10G The first imaging radiation source and the at least one second imaging radiation source shown in FIG. 1 deliver at least one imaging beam to the object.

[0198] The detection module 1330 can be configured to obtain at least one imaging data set (eg, projection data) corresponding to images captured by at least one of the one or more detectors of the radiation system (eg, Figures 1 to 10GAt least a portion of at least one imaging beam detected by the first detector and at least one second detector (shown in FIG. 1 ) is detected by the first detector and at least one second detector. In some embodiments, the detection module 1330 may generate an image (e.g., a 3D image) related to the object (or referred to as a reference image) based on at least a portion of the at least one first imaging dataset. In some embodiments, the detection module 1330 may reconstruct the reference image using a reconstruction algorithm. For example, the at least one imaging beam may include a CT imaging beam with a relatively large fan angle emitted by a CT imaging radiation source of the radiation system. The detection module 1330 may reconstruct the reference image based on the imaging dataset corresponding to the CT imaging beam with a relatively large fan angle. The imaging dataset corresponding to the CT imaging beam with a relatively large fan angle may be used to reconstruct a three-dimensional image. As another example, the at least one imaging beam may include two or more imaging beams emitted by two or more imaging radiation sources of the radiation system and from two or more viewing angles of the object. The detection module 1330 may reconstruct the reference image based on two or more imaging datasets (e.g., projection data) corresponding to the two or more imaging beams from the two or more viewing angles of the object.

[0199] The treatment beam control module 1340 may be configured to cause the treatment head (e.g., Figures 1 to 10G ) delivers a treatment beam to a subject. The treatment beam can be delivered to a target area of ​​the subject. In some embodiments, the location of the target area can change over time due to various movements of the subject's organs, such as cardiac movement (and its effects on other organs), respiratory movement (movement of the lungs and / or diaphragm and its effects on other organs), blood flow and movement due to vascular pulsation, muscle contraction and relaxation, secretory activity of the pancreas, filling / emptying of the bladder, rectum, and digestive system, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the entire subject can move along a single direction (e.g., the axis of rotation of the radiation device of the treatment system).

[0200] In some embodiments, treatment beam control module 1340 may cause imaging of a subject during radiation therapy. For example, at least a portion of the treatment beam may be detected by a detector (e.g., an EPID) to generate a second imaging dataset (e.g., projection data) at a first time point during the radiation therapy. Treatment beam control module 1340 may generate a second image based on at least a portion of the second imaging dataset. Treatment beam control module 1340 may generate at least one third imaging dataset by causing another at least one imaging radiation source to deliver another at least one imaging beam to the subject at a second time point that is the same as or different from the first time point during the radiation therapy. Treatment beam control module 1340 may generate at least one third image based on at least a portion of the at least one third imaging dataset. For example, treatment beam control module 1340 may generate a third image (e.g., a two-dimensional image, a three-dimensional image) based on at least a portion of each of the at least one third imaging dataset. As another example, treatment beam control module 1340 may generate a third image based on two or more of the at least one third imaging dataset from two or more perspectives of the subject. In some embodiments, treatment beam control module 1340 may generate a fourth image based on at least a portion of the second imaging dataset and at least a portion of the at least one third imaging dataset. The reference image, the second image, the at least one third image and / or the fourth image may be used to monitor at least one of the position and / or motion (or movement) of the target, a change thereof, or a rate of change thereof during radiotherapy.

[0201] In some embodiments, the treatment beam control module 1340 can determine whether any changes or adjustments to the radiation therapy treatment are necessary based on at least one of the reference image, the second image, the at least one third image, or the fourth image. In some embodiments, upon detecting movement or change in the target area, the treatment beam control module 1340 can adjust the delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the subject based on at least one of the reference image, the second image, the at least one third image, or the fourth image. For example, the treatment beam control module 1340 can adjust the delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the subject by adjusting at least one machine parameter of a radiation device of the radiation system. In some embodiments, the treatment beam control module 1340 can adjust the position of the target area relative to the treatment beam to direct the treatment beam toward the target area. In some embodiments, the treatment beam control module 1340 can adjust the direction of the treatment beam to direct the treatment beam toward the target area. In some embodiments, the treatment beam control module 1340 can adjust the treatment plan (e.g., the radiation dose to the target area, the radiation duration of the target area) and deliver the adjusted treatment beam from the treatment head to the subject based on the adjusted treatment plan. In some embodiments, the treatment beam control module 1340 can cause the treatment head to pause delivery of the treatment beam. For example, the treatment beam control module 1340 can pause the delivery of the treatment beam and then adjust the treatment head to aim at the moved or changed position of the target area. As another example, the treatment beam control module 1340 can pause the delivery of the treatment beam and then adjust the position of the target area relative to the treatment beam so that the treatment beam is aimed at the target area. After the delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the object is adjusted, the treatment head can resume the delivery of the treatment beam. In some embodiments, when movement or change of the target area is detected, the treatment head can terminate delivery. In some embodiments, the treatment beam control module 1340 can generate a notification based on the detected movement or change of the target area. In some embodiments, the notification can include information about the movement or change of the target area. The notification can be in the form of text, video, audio, etc.

[0202] In some embodiments, treatment beam control module 1340 may determine whether unexpected subject motion exists based on at least one of the reference image, the second image, at least one third image, or the fourth image. In response to determining that unexpected subject motion exists, treatment beam control module 1340 may cause the treatment head to pause delivery of the treatment beam. For example, treatment beam control module 1340 may determine whether the subject has ceased a planned breath hold. In response to determining that the subject has ceased a planned breath hold, treatment beam control module 1340 may cause the treatment head to pause delivery of the treatment beam.

[0203] The modules in the processing device 120 can be connected or communicate with each other via wired or wireless connections. Wired connections can include metal cables, optical cables, hybrid cables, etc., or any combination thereof. Wireless connections can include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), Bluetooth, ZigBee, near field communications (NFC), etc., or any combination thereof. Two or more modules can be combined into one module, and any module can be divided into two or more units.

[0204] It should be noted that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this specification. A person having ordinary skills in the art can make various changes and modifications based on the teachings of this specification. However, such changes and modifications do not deviate from the scope of this specification. For example, the processing device 120 may further include a storage module (in Figure 13 (not shown). The storage module may be configured to store data generated by any process executed by any component in processing device 120. As another example, each component of processing device 120 may include a storage device. Additionally or alternatively, the components of processing device 120 may share a common storage device.

[0205] Figure 14 is a flow chart of an exemplary imaging process according to some embodiments of the present specification. Process 1400 may be Figure 1 For example, the process 1400 may be stored in the form of instructions (eg, an application program) in the storage device 130 and / or the memory 1120 and executed by the processing device 120 (eg, Figure 11 The processor 1110 shown in FIG. 1 , or Figure 13 The operations of the illustrated process described below are for illustrative purposes. In some embodiments, the process 1400 may be completed with one or more additional operations not described, and / or one or more operations discussed may be deleted. In addition, Figure 14 The order in which the operations of process 1400 are illustrated and described below is not meant to be limiting.

[0206] At 1410, the processing device 120 (e.g., the positioning module 1310) may position an object (e.g., a patient) within a radiation system (e.g., the radiation system 100). In some embodiments, the center of the region to be treated on the object may be aligned with the isocenter of the radiation system through the positioning operation. For example, the isocenter of the radiation system may include the isocenter of a treatment component of the radiation system or the isocenter of an imaging component of the radiation system.

[0207] At 1420, the processing device 120 (eg, imaging beam control module 1320) may cause at least one imaging radiation source of the radiation system (eg, Figures 1 to 10G The first imaging radiation source, the at least one second imaging radiation source described in the foregoing description delivers at least one imaging beam to the subject. Details regarding the at least one imaging beam and the at least one imaging radiation source can be found elsewhere in this specification (e.g., with Figures 1 to 10G Related description).

[0208] At 1430, the processing device 120 (e.g., the detection module 1330) may obtain at least one imaging data set (e.g., projection data) corresponding to images captured by at least one of the one or more detectors of the radiation system (e.g., Figures 1 to 10G At least a portion of at least one imaging beam detected by the first detector and at least one second detector described in [ 15 ] is included. In some embodiments, processing device 120 may generate an image (e.g., a 3D image) related to the object (or referred to as a reference image) based on at least a portion of the at least one first imaging dataset. In some embodiments, processing device 120 may reconstruct the reference image using a reconstruction algorithm. For example, the reconstruction algorithm may include an iterative reconstruction algorithm (e.g., a statistical reconstruction algorithm), a Fourier slice theorem algorithm, a filtered back projection (FBP) algorithm, a fan beam reconstruction algorithm, an analytical reconstruction algorithm, or the like, or any combination thereof. For example, at least one imaging beam may include a CT imaging beam with a relatively large fan angle emitted by a CT imaging radiation source of the radiation system. Processing device 120 may reconstruct the reference image based on the imaging dataset corresponding to the CT imaging beam with a relatively large fan angle. The imaging dataset corresponding to the CT imaging beam with a relatively large fan angle may be used to reconstruct a three-dimensional image. As another example, at least one imaging beam may include two or more imaging beams emitted by two or more imaging radiation sources of the radiation system and from two or more viewing angles of the object. The processing device 120 may reconstruct a reference image from two or more imaging data sets corresponding to two or more imaging bundles from two or more perspectives of the object.

[0209] In some embodiments, the reference image can be used to determine a radiation therapy plan for a target area (e.g., an area to be treated) of an object. In some embodiments, the reference image can be used to adjust a planned treatment plan for a target area determined based on a planning image of the object. To illustrate the problem, the processing device 120 can generate a registration result by registering the reference image and the planning image, and adjust the treatment plan based on the registration result. As an example only, if the difference between a parameter of the planned treatment plan (e.g., the position of the tumor, the outline of the tumor) and the corresponding parameter determined based on the registration result exceeds a threshold, the processing device 120 can adjust the parameter accordingly. As another example, the processing device 120 can supplement at least one new parameter (the position of the newly grown tumor, the outline of the newly grown tumor) determined based on the registration result.

[0210] At 1440, the processing device 120 (eg, the treatment beam control module 1340) may cause the treatment head of the radiation system (eg, Figures 1 to 10G The treatment head (shown) delivers a treatment beam to the subject. The treatment beam can be delivered to a target area of ​​the subject. In some embodiments, the position of the target area may change over time due to various movements of the subject's organs, such as cardiac movement (and its effects on other organs), respiratory movement (movement of the lungs and / or diaphragm, and its effects on other organs), blood flow and movement due to vascular pulsation, muscle contraction and relaxation, secretory activity of the pancreas, filling / emptying of the bladder, rectum, and digestive system, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the entire subject can move along a single direction (e.g., the axis of rotation of the radiation device of the treatment system).

[0211] In some embodiments, processing device 120 may cause imaging of the subject during radiotherapy. For example, at least a portion of the treatment beam may be detected by a detector (e.g., an EPID) to generate a second imaging dataset (e.g., projection data) at a first time point during the radiotherapy. Processing device 120 may generate a second image based on at least a portion of the second imaging dataset. Processing device 120 may generate at least one third imaging dataset by causing another at least one imaging radiation source to deliver another at least one imaging beam to the subject at a second time point that is the same as or different from the first time point during the radiotherapy. Processing device 120 may generate at least one third image based on at least a portion of the at least one third imaging dataset. For example, processing device 120 may generate a third image (e.g., a two-dimensional image, a three-dimensional image) based on at least a portion of each of the at least one third imaging dataset. As another example, processing device 120 may generate a third image based on two or more of the at least one third imaging dataset from two or more perspectives of the subject. In some embodiments, processing device 120 may generate a fourth image based on at least a portion of the second image dataset and at least a portion of the at least one third imaging dataset. The reference image, the second image, the at least one third image and / or the fourth image may be used to monitor at least one of the position and / or motion (or movement) of the target volume, a change thereof or a rate of change thereof during radiotherapy.

[0212] In some embodiments, the processing device 120 can determine whether any changes or adjustments to the radiation therapy treatment are necessary based on at least one of the reference image, the second image, the at least one third image, or the fourth image. In some embodiments, upon detecting movement or change in the target area, the processing device 120 can adjust the delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the subject based on at least one of the reference image, the second image, the at least one third image, or the fourth image. For example, the processing device 120 can adjust the delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the subject by adjusting at least one machine parameter of a radiation device in the radiation system. In some embodiments, the processing device 120 can adjust the position of the target area relative to the treatment beam so that the treatment beam is directed toward the target area. In some embodiments, the processing device 120 can adjust the treatment plan (e.g., the radiation dose to the target area, the radiation duration of the target area) and deliver the adjusted treatment beam from the treatment head to the subject according to the adjusted treatment plan. In some embodiments, the processing device 120 can cause the treatment head to pause delivery of the treatment beam. For example, the processing device 120 can pause delivery of the treatment beam and then adjust the treatment head to aim at the moved or changed position of the target area. For another example, the processing device 120 may pause delivery of the treatment beam and then adjust the position of the target area relative to the treatment beam so that the treatment beam is aimed at the target area. After delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the target object is adjusted, the treatment head may resume delivery of the treatment beam. In some embodiments, the treatment head may terminate delivery upon detecting movement or change in the target area. In some embodiments, the processing device 120 may generate a notification based on the detected movement or change in the target area. In some embodiments, the notification may include information about the movement or change in the target area. The notification may be in the form of text, video, audio, etc.

[0213] In some embodiments, processing device 120 may determine whether unexpected motion of the subject exists based on at least one of the reference image, the second image, the at least one third image, or the fourth image. In response to determining that unexpected motion of the subject exists, processing device 120 may cause the treatment head to pause delivery of the treatment beam. For example, processing device 120 may determine whether the subject has ceased a planned breath-hold. In response to determining that the subject has ceased a planned breath-hold, processing device 120 may cause the treatment head to pause delivery of the treatment beam.

[0214] According to the systems and methods described herein, during radiotherapy of a target volume, the processing device 120 can automatically generate and / or analyze images (e.g., a reference image, a second image, at least one third image, or a fourth image) to record the radiotherapy, monitor the position of the target volume, assess changes in the position of the target volume, and / or determine how to proceed with the radiotherapy (e.g., continue the radiotherapy as planned, continue the radiotherapy with a revised plan, or terminate the radiotherapy, etc.). In some embodiments, the monitoring, assessment, and / or adjustments can be performed semi-automatically with input from a user (e.g., a physician). For example, the processing device 120 can transmit the images to a terminal 140 (e.g., a display) so that the user can analyze the images and provide instructions on how to proceed with the radiotherapy (e.g., continue the radiotherapy as planned, continue the radiotherapy with a revised plan, or terminate the radiotherapy, etc.). As another example, the processing device 120 can first analyze the images and determine whether any changes have occurred in the target volume and the extent of the changes. The processing device 120 can then determine whether any adjustments to the radiotherapy are needed. If the target volume change or the required adjustment during radiotherapy is within a threshold, the processing device 120 may automatically make adjustments. In some embodiments, when the processing device 120 makes such a determination, a notification may be generated. If the target volume change or the required adjustment during radiotherapy is not within a threshold, the processing device 120 may generate a notification, for example, to a user, seeking the user's instructions on how to proceed.

[0215] In some application scenarios, before performing radiotherapy on a target area of ​​an object, the processing device 120 can generate a first pre-treatment image (e.g., a 3D image) by causing one or more imaging radiation sources (e.g., a CT imaging radiation source) of a radiation system (e.g., the radiation system 100) to emit a first pre-treatment imaging beam to the object. The processing device 120 can determine the position information (e.g., its position, its outline) of the target area of ​​the object based on the first pre-treatment imaging. In addition, the processing device 120 can position the target area of ​​the object in the radiation system based on the position information. In some embodiments, the center of the target area can be aligned with the isocenter of the radiation system. For example, the isocenter of the radiation system can include the isocenter of the treatment component of the radiation system or the isocenter of the imaging component of the radiation system.

[0216] In some embodiments, the processing device 120 may generate a second pre-treatment image by causing at least one of the one or more imaging radiation sources to emit at least one second pre-treatment imaging beam toward the subject. For example, the second pre-treatment image may be a multi-energy spectrum image. In some embodiments, the at least one second pre-treatment imaging beam may include at least two second pre-treatment imaging beams of different energy levels. In some embodiments, the at least two second pre-treatment imaging beams of different energy levels may be emitted by at least two of the one or more imaging radiation sources of the radiation system. In some embodiments, the at least two second pre-treatment imaging beams of different energy levels may be emitted by one of a plurality of imaging sources configured to emit imaging beams of different energy levels. For example, the imaging source may emit imaging beams of different energy levels by adjusting a voltage of the imaging source.

[0217] In some embodiments, a detector (e.g., a slice detector) can detect a signal generated by the second pre-treatment imaging beam impinging on the detector. The detector can determine an imaging source that emitted the impinging imaging beam. The determination of the imaging source can be based on the energy level or intensity of the signal corresponding to the energy level of the second pre-treatment imaging beam, the angle at which the second pre-treatment imaging beam impinges on the detector, and / or a detection area on the detector impinged by the second pre-treatment imaging beam.

[0218] In some embodiments, if the at least one imaging radiation source includes a CT imaging radiation source, the CT imaging radiation source may be adjustably collimated by a collimator of the radiation system. The first fan angle of the first pre-treatment imaging beam may be greater than the second fan angle of one of the at least one second pre-treatment imaging beams emitted by the CT imaging radiation source. The second pre-treatment imaging beam emitted by the CT imaging source may have a second fan angle achieved by adjusting an aperture of the collimator of the CT imaging source.

[0219] The processing device 120 may generate a second pre-treatment image based on the imaging data sets corresponding to each of the at least two second pre-treatment imaging beams of different energy levels detected by the detector. For example, the processing device 120 may generate at least two images (e.g., two-dimensional images) based on the at least two imaging data sets corresponding to the at least two imaging beams, and generate the second pre-treatment image by fusing the at least two images, e.g., according to a fusion algorithm. For example, the fusion algorithm may include an averaging algorithm, a Burrows algorithm, a principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm, or the like, or any combination thereof.

[0220] Furthermore, the processing device 120 may adjust the treatment plan for the target area of ​​the subject based on the first pre-treatment image and the second pre-treatment image. In some embodiments, the processing device 120 may generate a fused image by fusing the first pre-treatment image and the second pre-treatment image. During image fusion, detailed contour information of the target area and / or tissue surrounding the target area (e.g., soft tissue) may be extracted. As a result, the fused image may have improved contrast of tissue surrounding the target area. The processing device 120 may determine information about the target area in the fused image. For example, the target area information may include a contour of the target area in the fused image, a contour of tissue surrounding the target area in the fused image, and the like. The processing device 120 may adjust the treatment plan for the target area of ​​the subject based on the target area information. In some embodiments, the processing device 120 may identify changes in the target area (e.g., its contour) based on the target area information in the fused image compared to plan information (e.g., a planned contour) of the target area determined based on, for example, a planar image of the subject. In some embodiments, the planar image may be used to determine the treatment plan for the subject. In response to determining that the change exceeds a first threshold, the processing device 120 may adjust the treatment plan based on the target area information in the fused image or the change. In some embodiments, in response to determining that the change exceeds a second threshold that is greater than the first threshold, the processing device 120 may determine a new treatment plan based on the fused image.

[0221] In some application scenarios, the processing device 120 can enable the treatment head of the radiation system (e.g., the radiation system 100) to deliver a treatment beam to the target area of ​​the object according to the treatment plan of the object during a treatment course. The treatment beam can be delivered to the target area. During the treatment course, the processing device 120 can generate a first set of images (e.g., 2D images) of the object by enabling at least two of the one or more imaging radiation sources of the radiation system to deliver at least two imaging beams to the object at a first time point to provide views of the object from different directions / perspectives (e.g., front view, side view, side view). In some embodiments, the processing device 120 can generate a second set of images (e.g., two-dimensional images) of the object by enabling at least two imaging radiation sources of the radiation system to deliver another at least two imaging beams to the object at a second time point different from the first time point. The first set of images and the second set of images can be used to track changes in the position of the target area. In response to determining that the change exceeds a threshold, the processing device 120 can adjust the delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the target area according to the process of adjusting the delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the target area described elsewhere in this specification. See, for example, Figure 14 Operation 1440 and its description are not repeated here.

[0222] In some application scenarios, before performing radiotherapy on a target area of ​​a subject, the processing device 120 may generate a pre-treatment image (e.g., a 3D image) by causing an imaging radiation source (e.g., a CT imaging radiation source of a radiation system (e.g., radiation system 100)) to emit a pre-treatment imaging beam toward the subject. During radiotherapy, the processing device 120 may cause a treatment head of the radiation system to deliver at least one treatment beam to the target area of ​​the subject according to the treatment plan for the subject. The processing device 120 may generate at least one treatment image based on at least a portion of the at least one treatment beam detected by a detector (e.g., an EPID) of the radiation system. The processing device 120 may determine, based on the pre-treatment image and the at least one treatment image, whether the delivery of the treatment beam complies with the treatment beam delivery planned in the treatment plan.

[0223] In some embodiments, the at least one treatment image may include a treatment image (e.g., a 2D image). The processing device 120 may determine a reference treatment image (e.g., a 2D image) based on the pre-treatment image and the treatment plan for the subject. For example, the treatment image and the reference treatment image may both be 2D and from the same viewing angle of the subject. In some embodiments, the processing device 120 may determine a reference radiation dose distribution (e.g., a 2D radiation dose distribution) of the treatment beam in the subject and an actual radiation dose distribution (e.g., a 2D radiation dose distribution) of the treatment beam in the subject. The reference radiation dose distribution may be determined based on the reference treatment image. The actual radiation dose distribution may be determined based on the treatment image. Furthermore, the processing device 120 may generate a comparison result by comparing the reference radiation dose distribution and the actual radiation dose distribution. Based on the comparison result, the processing device 120 may determine whether the delivery of the treatment beam conforms to the planned treatment beam of the treatment plan. In response to determining that the comparison result includes a difference between the reference radiation dose distribution and the actual radiation dose distribution exceeding a threshold, the processing device 120 may determine that the delivery of the treatment beam fails to conform to the planned treatment beam of the treatment plan. In some embodiments, the processing device 120 may further adjust the delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the target region based on the comparison result, according to the process for adjusting the delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the target region described elsewhere in this specification. See, for example, Figure 14 Operation 1440 and its description are not repeated here.

[0224] In some embodiments, at least one treatment image may include multiple treatment images from at least two different viewing angles of the object. The processing device 120 may determine the radiation dose distribution (e.g., three-dimensional radiation dose distribution) (also referred to as actual radiation dose distribution) of the treatment beam in the object based on the pre-treatment image and the multiple treatment images. The processing device 120 may retrieve the planned radiation dose distribution from the treatment plan. The processing device 120 may generate a comparison result by comparing the actual radiation dose distribution of the treatment beam and the planned radiation dose distribution (e.g., three-dimensional radiation dose distribution) in the object. In addition, the processing device 120 may determine whether the delivery of the treatment beam complies with the planned treatment beam of the treatment plan based on the comparison result. In some embodiments, in response to determining that the difference between the actual radiation dose distribution and the planned radiation dose distribution exceeds a threshold, the processing device 120 may determine that the delivery of the treatment beam fails to comply with the planned treatment beam of the treatment plan. In some embodiments, the processing device 120 may further adjust the delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the target area according to the process of adjusting the delivery of the treatment beam or the position of the target area described elsewhere in this specification. See, for example, Figure 14 Operation 1440 and its description are not repeated here.

[0225] According to some embodiments of this specification, Figures 1 to 14 The radiation system described in (e.g., radiation system 100) can include a treatment assembly, an imaging assembly, and a gantry. The treatment assembly can include a treatment head configured to deliver a treatment beam to a subject and a first auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the treatment beam. The imaging assembly can include a first imaging beam configured to direct a first imaging radiation source toward the subject, a first detector configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and a second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam. Further description of the treatment assembly and the imaging assembly can be found elsewhere in this specification. For example, see Figures 1 to 14 and its description.

[0226] In some embodiments, the gantry may have a rotational axis (e.g., Figure 2 or Figure 3 The treatment assembly and the imaging assembly can be supported on the gantry. The treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector can be arranged on the same side of the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly along the rotation axis. For example, the treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector can be arranged on a first side of the gantry, while the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly can be arranged on a second side of the gantry, wherein the first side and the second side are spaced apart along the rotation axis of the gantry. See, for example, Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector can be placed in a first gantry portion of the gantry. The first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly can be arranged in a second gantry portion of the gantry, which is located next to the first gantry portion along the rotation axis. For example, the first gantry portion can be arranged to the right of the second gantry portion (e.g., in the positive Y direction), that is, the treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector can be arranged Figure 2 or Figure 3 More description of the rack can be found elsewhere in this specification. For example, see Figures 1 to 14 and its description.

[0227] It should be noted that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this specification. For those with ordinary skills in the art, various changes and modifications can be made under the guidance of this specification. However, these changes and modifications do not deviate from the scope of this specification.

[0228] Having thus described the basic concepts, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, after reading this detailed disclosure, that the foregoing detailed disclosure is presented by way of example only and is not intended to be limiting. Various changes, improvements, and modifications may occur and will occur to those skilled in the art, even if not expressly stated herein. Such changes, improvements, and modifications are suggested by the present disclosure and are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0229] Furthermore, certain terms have been used to describe embodiments of this specification. For example, the terms "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be understood that two or more references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "another embodiment" in various parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, particular features, structures, or characteristics may be appropriately combined in one or more embodiments of this specification.

[0230] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various aspects of this specification may be illustrated and described herein in any of several patentable categories or contexts, including any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof. Thus, various aspects of this specification may be implemented entirely in hardware, entirely in software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or in a combination of software and hardware, which may be generally referred to herein as "units," "modules," or "systems." Furthermore, various aspects of this specification may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer-readable media having computer-readable program code embodied thereon.

[0231] A non-transitory computer-readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal having computer-readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may take any of a variety of forms, including electromagnetic, optical, or the like, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium may be any computer-readable medium that is not a computer-readable storage medium, and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer-readable signal medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including wireless, wired, fiber optic cable, radio frequency, or the like, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0232] The computer program code for performing the operations described herein can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB.NET, Python, and the like, traditional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" programming language, Visual Basic, Fortran 2003, Perl, COBOL 2002, PHP, ABAP, dynamic programming languages ​​such as Python, Ruby, and Groovy, or other programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer as a stand-alone software package, partially on the user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the latter case, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider) or in a cloud computing environment, or as a service, such as software as a service (SaaS).

[0233] Furthermore, the order of the described processing elements or sequences, or the use of numbers, letters, or other symbols therefor, is not intended to limit the claimed processes and methods to any order except as may be specified in the claims. Although the foregoing disclosure discusses various useful embodiments of what are presently considered to be the contents of this specification through various examples, it should be understood that such detailed description is for that purpose only and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, are intended to cover modifications and equivalent arrangements within the spirit and scope of the disclosed embodiments. For example, although the implementation of the various components described above can be embodied in a hardware device, it can also be implemented as a software-only solution, for example, installed on an existing server or mobile device.

[0234] Likewise, it should be understood that in the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments of this specification, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof in order to simplify the disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive embodiments. However, this method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed subject matter requires more features than expressly recited in each claim. Rather, inventive embodiments may lie in less than all the features of a single disclosed embodiment.

[0235] In some embodiments, the numbers expressing quantities, properties, and the like used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the present application should be understood as being modified in some cases by the terms "about," "approximately," or "substantially." For example, "about," "approximately," or "substantially" can represent a variation of ±20% of the numerical value to which it describes, unless otherwise indicated. Therefore, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters listed in the written description and the attached claims are approximate and may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should be interpreted in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Although the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the present application are approximate, the numerical values ​​set forth in the specific embodiments are reported as accurately as practicable.

[0236] Each patent, patent application, patent application publication, and other materials, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, documents, things, and / or the like, referenced herein is hereby incorporated in its entirety for all purposes, except any prosecution history thereof, anything that is inconsistent or conflicting with this document, or anything that may have a limiting effect on the broadest scope of the claims now or hereafter associated with this document. For example, if there is any inconsistency or conflict between the descriptions, definitions, and / or usage of terms associated with any incorporated material and the descriptions, definitions, and / or usage of terms associated with this document, the descriptions, definitions, and / or usage of terms in this document shall control.

[0237] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments of the present application disclosed herein are illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of the present application. Other modifications that may be employed are within the scope of the present application. Thus, by way of example, but not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of the present application may be utilized in accordance with the teachings herein. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application are not limited to exactly as shown and described.

Claims

1. A system comprising: a treatment assembly comprising a treatment head configured to deliver a treatment beam to a subject and a first auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the treatment beam; an imaging assembly comprising a first imaging radiation source configured to direct a first imaging beam toward the subject, a first detector configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and a second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam; a frame, the frame comprising a first frame portion and a second frame portion, The treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector are disposed on the first gantry portion having a rotational axis; and The second frame portion is located beside the first frame portion along the rotation axis, and the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly are accommodated in the second frame portion.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector are configured to rotate in a same rotational plane perpendicular to the rotational axis.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The treatment head is configured to rotate in a first rotation plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, The first imaging radiation source and the first detector are configured to rotate in a second rotational plane perpendicular to the rotational axis, and The first rotation plane is different from the second rotation plane.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The first imaging radiation source and the first detector are positioned between the second gantry portion and the treatment head.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The first imaging radiation source is located as close to the treatment head as possible without interfering with the treatment beam.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The delivery of the therapeutic beam and the delivery of the first imaging beam are alternated.

7. The system according to claim 6, wherein: the first gantry portion rotates at a first speed while delivering the first imaging beam, The first gantry section rotates at a second speed while delivering the therapy beam, and The first speed is faster than the second speed.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The delivery of the therapeutic beam and the delivery of the first imaging beam occur simultaneously.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein: The first imaging radiation source, the first detector, and the treatment head rotate at a third speed while delivering the first imaging beam and the treatment beam.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein: There is an angular offset between the first imaging radiation source and the treatment head.

11. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The imaging assembly comprises: at least one second imaging radiation source, each of the at least one second imaging radiation source being configured to emit a second imaging beam toward the object, at least one second detector configured to detect at least a portion of the at least one second imaging beam, and The at least one second imaging radiation source and the at least one second detector are mounted on the first gantry portion.

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein At least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source and the treatment head are configured to rotate in a same rotational plane perpendicular to the rotational axis.

13. The system according to claim 11, wherein: At least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source and the treatment head is configured to rotate in different rotational planes, each of the rotational planes being perpendicular to the rotational axis.

14. The system according to claim 13, wherein: Two of the at least one second imaging radiation source are located on either side of the treatment head along the rotation axis.

15. The system according to claim 11, wherein At least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source is configured for two-dimensional (2D) imaging of the object.

16. The system of claim 1, wherein: The first auxiliary component includes at least one of the following: a microwave device configured to facilitate delivery of the therapeutic beam, an accelerator configured to accelerate an electron beam to produce the treatment beam, or A first cooling device is configured to cool at least one component of the treatment head assembly.

17. The system of claim 1, wherein: The second auxiliary component includes: a high voltage device configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam, or A second cooling device is configured to cool at least one component of the imaging assembly.

18. The system of claim 1, wherein: The first imaging radiation source includes a computed tomography (CT) source, and the first detector comprises a CT detector.

19. The system of claim 1, wherein: The first imaging radiation source is positioned a distance from the treatment head along the rotational axis such that the first imaging radiation source delivers the first imaging beam to image the first region of the subject while the treatment head delivers the treatment beam toward the second region of the subject.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein: The first region is related to a movement of the second region.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein: Motion of the second area is determined based on the image of the first area.

22. The system of claim 1, wherein: The treatment assembly includes a collimator comprising a plurality of leaves forming an aperture configured to collimate the treatment beam to coincide with a target area of ​​the subject to be treated.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein: As the subject moves relative to the treatment head along the rotational axis, at least one of the position or shape of the aperture is adjusted so that the collimated treatment beam tracks the target area.

24. The system of claim 22, wherein: When the target area of ​​the subject to be treated moves relative to the treatment head due to movement of the subject's organs, at least one of the position or shape of the aperture is adjusted so that the collimated treatment beam tracks the target area of ​​the subject to be treated.

25. The system according to claim 23 or 24, wherein: The object is further moved along the rotation axis to obtain an image of the next target area to be treated.

26. The system according to claim 23 or 24, wherein: The position or shape of the hole is adjusted by at least one of the following: Move the entire collimator along the rotation axis, or Adjustment involves one or more of the plurality of leaves of the collimator forming the aperture.

27. The system of claim 1, wherein: The first imaging radiation source and the first detector are disposed in a first portion of the first gantry portion, the treatment head is disposed in a second portion of the first gantry portion, and The first portion is configured to rotate independently of the second portion.

28. The system of claim 27, wherein: The first portion is configured to rotate within a first range without colliding with the second portion.

29. The system of claim 28, wherein: The treatment head is configured to move radially away from the rotational axis of the gantry to allow the first portion to rotate independently without collision within a second range, the second range being greater than the first range.

30. The system of claim 27, wherein: The first portion and the second portion are concentrically arranged.

31. The system of claim 27, wherein: The first portion and the second portion are arranged in parallel along the rotation axis.

32. The system of claim 1, wherein: The first imaging radiation source and the first detector are configured to rotate with the treatment head.

33. The system of claim 1, wherein: A distance between the isocenter of the treatment assembly and the isocenter of the imaging assembly is below a threshold.

34. The system of claim 33, wherein: The threshold is no greater than 1 meter.

35. The system of claim 1, wherein: The imaging component includes spiral computed tomography (CT) or sequential CT.

36. A method comprising: Positioning a subject in a radiation system, the radiation system comprising: a treatment assembly comprising a treatment head and a first auxiliary component configured to facilitate delivery of a treatment beam emitted from the treatment head; an imaging assembly comprising an imaging radiation source, a detector, and a second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of an imaging beam emitted from the imaging radiation source; and a frame, the frame comprising a first frame portion and a second frame portion, The first gantry portion has a rotation axis, and the treatment head, the imaging radiation source, and the detector are mounted on the first gantry portion; and The second frame portion is located beside the first frame portion along the rotation axis, and the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly are accommodated in the second frame portion; causing the imaging radiation source to deliver an imaging beam toward the subject; obtaining an imaging data set corresponding to at least a portion of the imaging beam detected by the detector; and The treatment head is caused to deliver a treatment beam to the subject.

37. The method of claim 36, further comprising: An image associated with the subject is generated based on the imaging dataset, wherein the therapy beam is delivered to the subject further based on the image.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein delivering the therapy beam to the subject further comprises: adjusting a treatment plan based on the image; as well as The adjusted treatment beam is delivered from the treatment head to the subject based on the adjusted treatment plan.

39. The method of claim 37, wherein causing the treatment tip to deliver a treatment beam to the subject further comprises: adjusting a treatment plan based on the image; as well as The treatment head is caused to pause delivery of the treatment beam.

40. The method of claim 37, further comprising: determining whether the object is moving unpredictably based on the image; as well as In response to determining that the subject exhibits the unpredictable movement, the treatment head is caused to pause delivery of the treatment beam.

41. The method of claim 37, further comprising: determining whether the subject has discontinued a planned breath hold based on the image; as well as In response to determining that the subject has ceased the planned breath hold, causing the treatment head to pause delivery of the treatment beam.

42. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising at least one set of instructions, wherein: When executed by one or more processors of a computing device, the at least one set of instructions causes the computing device to perform a method comprising: Positioning a subject in a radiation system, the radiation system comprising: a treatment assembly comprising a treatment head and a first auxiliary component configured to facilitate delivery of a treatment beam emitted from the treatment head; an imaging assembly comprising an imaging radiation source, a detector, and a second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of an imaging beam emitted from the imaging radiation source; and a frame, the frame comprising a first frame portion and a second frame portion, The first gantry portion has a rotation axis, and the treatment head, the imaging radiation source, and the detector are mounted on the first gantry portion; and The second frame portion is located beside the first frame portion along the rotation axis, and the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly are accommodated in the second frame portion; causing the imaging radiation source to deliver an imaging beam toward the subject; obtaining an imaging data set corresponding to at least a portion of the imaging beam detected by the detector; and The treatment head is caused to deliver a treatment beam to the subject.

43. A system comprising: a treatment assembly comprising a treatment head configured to deliver a treatment beam to a subject and a first auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the treatment beam; an imaging assembly comprising a first imaging radiation source configured to direct a first imaging beam toward the subject, a first detector configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and a second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam; a gantry having a rotation axis and supporting the treatment assembly and the imaging assembly, The treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector are disposed on a same side of the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly along the rotation axis.

44. The system of claim 43, wherein: The treatment head is located on one side of the first imaging radiation source along the rotation axis, and The first auxiliary component and the second auxiliary component are located on the other side of the first imaging radiation source along the rotation axis.

45. The system of claim 43 or 44, wherein: The treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector are rotatable with the gantry.

46. ​​The system of claim 43, wherein: The treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector are configured to rotate in a same rotational plane perpendicular to the rotational axis.

47. The system of claim 43, wherein: The treatment head is configured to rotate in a first rotation plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, The first imaging radiation source and the first detector are configured to rotate in a second rotational plane perpendicular to the rotational axis, and The first rotation plane is different from the second rotation plane.

48. The system of claim 43, wherein: The first imaging radiation source is located as close to the treatment head as possible without interfering with the treatment beam.

49. The system of claim 43, wherein: The delivery of the therapeutic beam and the delivery of the first imaging beam are alternated.

50. The system of claim 43, wherein: There is an angular offset between the first imaging radiation source and the treatment head.

51. The system of claim 43, wherein: The imaging assembly comprises: at least one second imaging radiation source, each of the at least one second imaging radiation source being configured to emit a second imaging beam toward the object, at least one second detector configured to detect at least a portion of the at least one second imaging beam, and The at least one second imaging radiation source and the at least one second detector are mounted on a same side of the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly along the axis of rotation.

52. The system of claim 51, wherein: At least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source and the treatment head are configured to rotate in a same rotational plane perpendicular to the rotational axis.

53. The system of claim 51, wherein: At least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source and the treatment head is configured to rotate in different rotational planes, each of the rotational planes being perpendicular to the rotational axis.

54. The system of claim 53, wherein: Two of the at least one second imaging radiation source are located on either side of the treatment head along the rotation axis.

55. The system of any one of claims 51-54, wherein: At least one of the at least one second imaging radiation source is configured for two-dimensional (2D) imaging of the object.

56. The system of claim 43, wherein: The first auxiliary component includes at least one of the following: a microwave device configured to facilitate delivery of the therapeutic beam, an accelerator configured to accelerate an electron beam to produce the treatment beam, or A first cooling device is configured to cool at least one component of the treatment head assembly.

57. The system of claim 43, wherein: The second auxiliary component includes: a high voltage device configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam, or A second cooling device is configured to cool at least one component of the imaging assembly.

58. The system of claim 43, wherein: The first imaging radiation source comprises a computed tomography (CT) source, and the first detector comprises a CT detector.

59. The system of claim 43, wherein: the first imaging radiation source being positioned a distance from the treatment tip along the rotational axis such that the first imaging radiation source delivers the first imaging beam to image the first region of the subject while the treatment tip delivers the treatment beam toward the second region of the subject; the first region being associated with movement of the second region; or Motion of the second area is determined based on the image of the first area.

60. The system of claim 43, wherein: The treatment assembly includes a collimator comprising a plurality of leaves forming an aperture configured to collimate the treatment beam to coincide with a target area of ​​the subject to be treated.

61. The system of claim 60, wherein: As the subject moves relative to the treatment head along the rotational axis, at least one of the position or shape of the aperture is adjusted so that the collimated treatment beam tracks the target area.

62. The system of claim 60, wherein: When the target area of ​​the subject to be treated moves relative to the treatment head due to movement of the subject's organs, at least one of the position or shape of the aperture is adjusted so that the collimated treatment beam tracks the target area of ​​the subject to be treated.

63. The system of claim 61 or 62, wherein: The object is further moved along the rotation axis to obtain an image of the next target area to be treated.

64. The system of claim 61 or 62, wherein: The position or shape of the hole is adjusted by at least one of the following: Move the entire collimator along the rotation axis, or Adjustment involves one or more of the plurality of leaves of the collimator forming the aperture.

65. The system of claim 43, wherein: The first imaging radiation source and the first detector are arranged in a first portion of the first auxiliary assembly and the second auxiliary assembly on the same side of the rotation axis, The treatment head is disposed in the second portion of the first auxiliary component and the second auxiliary component on the same side of the rotation axis, and The first portion is configured to rotate independently of the second portion.

66. The system of claim 65, wherein: The first portion is configured to rotate within a first range without colliding with the second portion.

67. The system of claim 66, wherein: The treatment head is configured to move radially away from the rotational axis of the gantry to allow the first portion to rotate independently without collision within a second range, the second range being greater than the first range.

68. The system of any one of claims 65-67, wherein: The first portion and the second portion are concentrically arranged.

69. The system of claim 65, wherein: The first portion and the second portion are arranged in parallel along the rotation axis.

70. The system of claim 43, wherein: The first imaging radiation source and the first detector are rotatable with the treatment head.

71. The system of claim 43, wherein: A distance between the isocenter of the treatment assembly and the isocenter of the imaging assembly is below a threshold.

72. The system of claim 71, wherein The threshold is no greater than 1 meter.

73. The system of claim 43, wherein: The imaging component includes spiral computed tomography (CT) or sequential CT.

74. A method comprising: Positioning a subject in a radiation system, the radiation system comprising: a treatment assembly comprising a treatment head configured to deliver a treatment beam to a subject and a first auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the treatment beam; an imaging assembly comprising a first imaging radiation source configured to direct a first imaging beam toward the subject, a first detector configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and a second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam; and a gantry having a rotational axis and supporting the treatment assembly and the imaging assembly. The treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector are disposed on the same side of the first auxiliary component and the second auxiliary component along the rotation axis; causing the imaging radiation source to deliver an imaging beam toward the subject; obtaining an imaging data set corresponding to at least a portion of the imaging beam detected by the detector; and The treatment head is caused to deliver a treatment beam to the subject.

75. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising at least one set of instructions, wherein: When executed by one or more processors of a computing device, the at least one set of instructions causes the computing device to perform a method comprising: Positioning a subject in a radiation system, the radiation system comprising: a treatment assembly comprising a treatment head configured to deliver a treatment beam to a subject and a first auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the treatment beam; an imaging assembly comprising a first imaging radiation source configured to direct a first imaging beam toward the subject, a first detector configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and a second auxiliary assembly configured to facilitate delivery of the first imaging beam; and a gantry having a rotational axis and supporting the treatment assembly and the imaging assembly. The treatment head, the first imaging radiation source, and the first detector are disposed on the same side of the first auxiliary component and the second auxiliary component along the rotation axis; causing the imaging radiation source to deliver an imaging beam toward the subject; obtaining an imaging data set corresponding to at least a portion of the imaging beam detected by the detector; and The treatment head is caused to deliver a treatment beam to the subject.

Images