Multifunctional composite automatic loading device and method

Abstract

The multifunctional composite automatic loading device comprises a main frame, a seed bin automatic supply mechanism, a solid fertilizer automatic supply mechanism, a liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism, a pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism and a central controller, which are all installed on the main frame, the central controller is connected with each mechanism, the solid fertilizer automatic supply mechanism is the same as the seed bin automatic supply mechanism, the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism is the same as the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism, the seed bin automatic supply mechanism, the solid fertilizer automatic supply mechanism, the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism and the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism are respectively provided with a rotary variable switch and a space position adjusting mechanism, the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism and the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism are respectively provided with an automatic dispenser, the seed bin automatic supply mechanism and the solid fertilizer automatic supply mechanism are respectively provided with an airflow distributor and are connected with the central controller, and the multifunctional composite automatic loading method is disclosed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to agricultural machinery technology, in particular to a seeding-fertilizing-pesticide spraying multifunctional composite automatic loading device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Seeding is one of the crop cultivation measures, which is to sow the seeding material into the soil layer at a certain depth in a certain quantity and manner. The proper seeding directly affects the growth and development of crops and yield. Fertilization is an agricultural technical measure of applying fertilizer to the soil or spraying it on the plants to provide the required nutrients for plants and maintain and improve soil fertility. Its main purpose is to increase crop yield, improve crop quality, cultivate soil fertility and improve economic benefits. Pesticide spraying is to mix water and pesticide solution and spray the liquid to the surface of crops through pressure for pest control, weed control and sterilization, etc. to ensure crop yield. Therefore, reasonable and scientific seeding, fertilization and pesticide spraying are one of the main means to ensure food security and maintain the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0003] With the rapid advancement of agricultural modernization, agricultural production and operation is transformed into a moderate scale mode supported by mechanization. Practice has proved that the mechanized seeding, fertilization and pesticide spraying operation has high efficiency, good uniformity, neat seedling, high yield and high utilization rate, which is beneficial to the field management and mechanized harvesting of crops. Therefore, improving the mechanized seeding, fertilization and pesticide spraying level of crop production in China is an important way and development trend for crop planting to save cost and increase efficiency. Crop production is also generally considered to be a sunrise industry with great development potential and good market prospects.

[0004] In recent years, scholars have conducted a lot of research on seeding, fertilization and pesticide spraying, and have achieved good results. The mechanical technology level and automation degree are relatively high as a whole. However, with the continuous improvement of the degree of intensification, the existing operation mode cannot meet the current development requirements of large-scale fertilization, seeding and pesticide spraying, especially in the aspect of automatic loading of seeding, fertilization and pesticide spraying. At present, most of the seeding, fertilization and pesticide spraying are loaded manually, which has high labor intensity, large workload, low efficiency, is not good for health, and cannot guarantee efficient and low-loss loading of seeding, fertilization and pesticide spraying, which seriously restricts the working progress and operation efficiency of the seeding, fertilization and pesticide spraying machine, and becomes a technical problem to be solved in this field. Therefore, in order to match the operation progress of the seeding, fertilization and pesticide spraying machine, it is an important research direction to realize the multifunctional composite automatic loading operation of seeding, fertilization and pesticide spraying, which greatly facilitates agricultural production. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a multifunctional composite automatic loading device and method with wide application range to realize multifunctional composite automatic loading of seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying, improve the efficiency of automatic loading of seeds, fertilizers and pesticides, ensure efficient and low-loss delivery of seeds, fertilizers and pesticides, greatly reduce labor intensity and operation cost, effectively match the operation progress of seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying machines, and improve the operation efficiency and endurance time.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a multifunctional composite automatic loading device, which comprises:

[0007] a main frame;

[0008] a seed bin automatic replenishing mechanism installed on the main frame and used for automatic seed replenishment of a seeding and fertilizing machine;

[0009] a solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism installed on the main frame and used for automatic fertilizer replenishment of the seeding and fertilizing machine, the solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism having the same structure as the seed bin automatic replenishing mechanism;

[0010] a liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism installed on the main frame and located on one side of the solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism, and used for automatic liquid fertilizer filling of the seeding and fertilizing machine;

[0011] a pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism installed on the main frame and used for automatic pesticide liquid filling of a pesticide spraying machine of the seeding and fertilizing machine, the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism having the same structure as the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism; and

[0012] a central controller installed on the main frame and connected with the seed bin automatic replenishing mechanism, the solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism, the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism and the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism, respectively, for real-time adjustment of the working states of the mechanisms and planning of cooperative operation of the mechanisms.

[0013] The seed bin automatic replenishing mechanism, the solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism, the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism and the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism are respectively provided with a rotary variable switch and a spatial position adjusting mechanism; the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism and the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism are respectively provided with an automatic dispenser, the seed bin automatic replenishing mechanism and the solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism are respectively provided with an airflow distributor, and the rotary variable switch, the spatial position adjusting mechanism, the automatic dispenser and the airflow distributor are connected with the central controller.

[0014] The multifunctional composite automatic loading device described above, wherein the seed bin automatic replenishing mechanism and the solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism respectively comprise:

[0015] an automatic replenishing frame installed on the main frame;

[0016] A bin body is installed on the automatic supply frame for storing and providing seeds or solid fertilizers. The rotary variable switch is installed on the automatic supply frame at the bottom end of the bin body for controlling the speed of unloading seeds or solid fertilizers.

[0017] A disturbing mechanism is installed on the automatic supply frame and located in the bin body for disturbing the seeds or solid fertilizers inside the bin body to prevent clogging and ensure uniform falling of the seeds or solid fertilizers.

[0018] A fan is installed on the automatic supply frame for controlling the supply speed of seeds or solid fertilizers.

[0019] A supply pipeline is installed on the spatial position adjusting mechanism for supplying seeds or solid fertilizers into the seed tank or fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine. The spatial position adjusting mechanism is installed on the automatic supply frame for adjusting the docking position of the supply pipeline with the seed tank. The airflow distributor is installed on the automatic supply frame and connected with the supply pipeline for distributing seeds or solid fertilizers into different supply pipelines.

[0020] A conveying pipeline is installed on the automatic supply frame and connected with the rotary variable switch. The air inlet of the conveying pipeline is connected with the fan, and the air outlet of the conveying pipeline is connected with the airflow distributor for changing the conveying direction of seeds or solid fertilizers.

[0021] The multifunctional composite automatic loading device, wherein the airflow distributor comprises:

[0022] A distribution housing is installed on the automatic supply frame. The inlet of the distribution housing is connected with the air outlet of the conveying pipeline, and the outlet of the distribution housing is connected with the supply pipeline. The number of outlets of the distribution housing is set corresponding to the number of seed tanks or fertilizer tanks.

[0023] A distribution fan is connected with the bottommost outlet of the distribution housing for controlling the supply rate of seeds or solid fertilizers.

[0024] The multifunctional composite automatic loading device, wherein the liquid medicine automatic filling mechanism and the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism respectively comprise:

[0025] A support is installed on the main frame.

[0026] A liquid bin is installed on the support for storing and providing liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer. An automatic dispenser is installed on the support above the liquid bin and connected with the inlet of the liquid bin for automatically and directly filling the liquid bin with medicine or liquid fertilizer. A rotary variable switch is installed on the support below the liquid bin for controlling the speed of unloading liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer.

[0027] A liquid disturbing mechanism is installed on the bracket and placed inside the liquid tank to disturb the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer inside the liquid tank, prevent clogging and ensure uniform flow of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer.

[0028] A pipeline pump is installed on the bracket to control the filling speed of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; and

[0029] A liquid delivery pipeline is installed on the bracket, the inlet of the liquid delivery pipeline is connected with the pipeline pump, the outlet of the liquid delivery pipeline is connected with a liquid filling pipeline, which is used to change the flow direction of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer and distribute the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer into different liquid filling pipelines; and a spatial position adjusting mechanism is installed on the bracket to adjust the docking position of the liquid filling pipeline with the fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine.

[0030] The multifunctional composite automatic filling device described above, wherein the automatic dispenser comprises:

[0031] A feeding cylinder for feeding each component of the medicine or fertilizer, the number of the feeding cylinders corresponding to the number of components of the medicine or fertilizer;

[0032] A screw conveying mechanism connected with the outlet of the feeding cylinder for conveying each component of the medicine or fertilizer;

[0033] An automatic dispensing pipeline pump installed on the screw conveying mechanism for controlling the automatic medicine or fertilizer dispensing speed of the liquid tank;

[0034] A material mixing cylinder located below the outlet of the screw conveying mechanism for mixing the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; and

[0035] A stirring mechanism located in the material mixing cylinder for uniformly mixing each component of the medicine or fertilizer to complete the automatic medicine or fertilizer dispensing.

[0036] The multifunctional composite automatic filling device described above, wherein the spatial position adjusting mechanism comprises:

[0037] A spatial position adjusting motor;

[0038] A support sliding block installed on a sliding block base;

[0039] A cam disc connected with the spatial position adjusting motor;

[0040] A sliding block connecting rod, one end of which is connected with the cam disc, the other end of the sliding block connecting rod is connected with a connecting rod, the spatial position adjusting motor drives the connecting rod to horizontally extend and retract to realize accurate horizontal docking with the seed tank, medicine tank or fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine;

[0041] a rocker, one end of which is connected with the connecting rod, and the other end of which is connected with the replenishment pipeline or liquid filling pipeline; and

[0042] a hydraulic cylinder, one end of which is connected with the slider base, and the other end of which is connected with the bin body or liquid bin.

[0043] The multifunctional composite automatic loading device, wherein a long hole is formed in the middle of the slider connecting rod for realizing accurate vertical docking with the seed tank, chemical tank or fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine, the supporting slider moves along the long hole of the slider connecting rod, and the cam disc drives the slider connecting rod to slide up and down to control the moving distance of the rocker in the vertical direction.

[0044] The multifunctional composite automatic loading device, wherein the rotary variable switch comprises:

[0045] a fixed cylinder, which is installed on the automatic replenishment frame or support and located below the bin body or liquid bin;

[0046] a plurality of rotary unloading pieces, which are installed on the fixed cylinder and distributed in a circular array; and

[0047] a rotary variable unloading wheel, which is connected with the rotary unloading pieces and drives the rotary unloading pieces to move to adjust the size of the unloading port and control the unloading speed.

[0048] The multifunctional composite automatic loading device, wherein the central controller comprises:

[0049] a material tank position recognition module, which is used for recognizing the position of the seed, fertilizer and chemical tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine;

[0050] a material tank remaining amount detection module, which is used for detecting the remaining amount of the seed, fertilizer and chemical tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine;

[0051] a material tank material conveying control module, which is used for controlling the speed of automatic replenishment or filling of the seed, fertilizer and chemical tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine;

[0052] a replenishment pipeline position control module, which is used for controlling the position of the seed, fertilizer and chemical replenishment or filling pipeline of the seeding and fertilizing machine to ensure accurate docking with the seed, fertilizer and chemical tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine; and

[0053] an industrial computer, which is connected with the material tank position recognition module, the material tank remaining amount detection module, the material tank material conveying control module and the replenishment pipeline position control module, respectively, is used for receiving the position of the seed, fertilizer and chemical tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine, the remaining amount of the seed, fertilizer and chemical tank, the speed of automatic replenishment or filling of the seed, fertilizer and chemical tank and the position information of the seed, fertilizer and chemical replenishment or filling pipeline, performing data processing and parameter matching, and sending control instructions to the material tank material conveying control module and the replenishment pipeline position control module.

[0054] In order to better achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application further provides a multifunctional composite automatic loading method, which comprises the following steps:

[0055] S100, a seed and fertilizer tank position recognition module recognizes the position of the seed and fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine, and a seed and fertilizer supplement or filling pipe position control module controls the seed and fertilizer supplement or filling pipe to realize precise docking with the seed and fertilizer supplement or filling tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine;

[0056] S200, a seed and fertilizer tank remaining amount detection module detects the remaining amount of the seed and fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine, and a seed and fertilizer material conveying control module matches corresponding working parameters to control the automatic supplement or filling speed of the seed and fertilizer, so as to ensure that the automatic supplement or filling process is quickly completed; and

[0057] S300, after the seed and fertilizer supplement or filling of the seeding and fertilizing machine is completed, the work is stopped, and the standby state is restored.

[0058] The technical effect of the application is that:

[0059] The multifunctional composite automatic loading device of the application has reasonable layout and fundamentally solves the problems of low efficiency, high labor intensity and high operation cost of automatic loading of seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying, realizes multifunctional composite automatic loading of seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying, has wide application range, ensures efficient and low-loss delivery of seeds, fertilizers and pesticides, greatly reduces labor intensity and operation cost, effectively matches the operation progress of seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying machines, improves operation efficiency and endurance time, and greatly facilitates agricultural production.

[0060] The application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments, but is not limited to the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 The device structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the application;

[0062] Figure 2 The seed bin automatic replenishment mechanism structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the application;

[0063] Figure 3 The rotary variable switch structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the application;

[0064] Figure 4 The rotary unloading piece structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the application;

[0065] Figure 5 The airflow distributor structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the application;

[0066] Figure 6 Structure diagram of space position adjusting mechanism of one embodiment of the present application

[0067] Figure 7 Structure diagram of liquid automatic filling mechanism of one embodiment of the present application

[0068] Figure 8 Structure diagram of automatic dispenser of one embodiment of the present application

[0069] Wherein, reference numeral 1 is an automatic replenishing mechanism of a bin

[0070] 11 Bin body

[0071] 12 Automatic replenishing frame

[0072] 13 Disturbing mechanism

[0073] 14 Feeding pipeline

[0074] 15 Fan

[0075] 16 Feeding pipeline 2 liquid automatic filling mechanism

[0076] 21 Support

[0077] 22 Liquid bin

[0078] 23 Liquid disturbing mechanism

[0079] 24 Liquid feeding pipeline

[0080] 25 Liquid filling pipeline

[0081] 26 Pipeline pump 3 liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism 4 solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism 5 space position adjusting mechanism

[0082] 51 Hydraulic cylinder

[0083] 52 Cam disc

[0084] 53 Slider connecting rod

[0085] 54 Supporting slider

[0086] 55 Slider base

[0087] 56 Connecting rod

[0088] 57 Rocker

[0089] 58 Gear 6 automatic dispenser

[0090] 61 Feeding cylinder

[0091] 62 Spiral conveying mechanism

[0092] 63 Automatic dispensing pipeline pump 64 Mixing mechanism

[0093] 65 Batching Cylinder

[0094] 7 Central Controller

[0095] 8 Rotary Variable Switch

[0096] 81 Rotary Unloading Plate

[0097] 82 Rotary Variable Unloading Wheel

[0098] 83 Fixed Cylinder

[0099] 84 Unloading Port

[0100] 85 boss

[0101] 86 Slide

[0102] 9 airflow distributors

[0103] 91 Distribution Shell

[0104] 92 distribution fans

[0105] 10 mainframe racks Detailed Implementation

[0106] The structural and working principles of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0107] See Figure 1 , Figure 1The device structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the application. The multifunctional composite automatic loading device of the application comprises: a main frame 10; a seed bin automatic replenishment mechanism 1 installed on the main frame 10 and located at the upper right, used for automatically replenishing seeds for a seeding and fertilizing machine; a solid fertilizer automatic replenishment mechanism 4 installed on the main frame 10 and located at the lower left, used for automatically replenishing fertilizers for the seeding and fertilizing machine, the solid fertilizer automatic replenishment mechanism 4 has the same structure as the seed bin automatic replenishment mechanism 1; a liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism 3 installed on the main frame 10 and located at one side of the solid fertilizer automatic replenishment mechanism 4, i.e. at the lower right, used for automatically filling liquid fertilizers for the seeding and fertilizing machine; a pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism 2 installed on the main frame 10 and located at the upper left, used for automatically filling pesticide liquid for a pesticide spraying machine of the seeding and fertilizing machine, the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism 2 has the same structure as the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism 3; and a central controller 7 installed on the main frame 10 and connected with the seed bin automatic replenishment mechanism 1, the solid fertilizer automatic replenishment mechanism 4, the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism 3 and the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism 2, respectively, used for adjusting the working state of each mechanism in real time and planning the collaborative work of each mechanism; wherein the seed bin automatic replenishment mechanism 1, the solid fertilizer automatic replenishment mechanism 4, the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism 3 and the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism 2 are respectively provided with a rotary variable switch 8 and a spatial position adjusting mechanism 5; the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism 3 and the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism 2 are respectively provided with an automatic dispenser 6, the seed bin automatic replenishment mechanism 1 and the solid fertilizer automatic replenishment mechanism 4 are respectively provided with an airflow distributor 9, and the rotary variable switch 8, the spatial position adjusting mechanism 5, the automatic dispenser 6 and the airflow distributor 9 are respectively connected with the central controller 7.

[0108] The central controller 7 of the embodiment comprises: a bin position recognition module for recognizing the position of a seed, fertilizer and pesticide bin of the seeding and fertilizing machine; a bin remaining amount detection module for detecting the remaining amount of the seed, fertilizer and pesticide bin of the seeding and fertilizing machine; a bin material conveying control module for controlling the speed of automatic replenishment or filling of the seed, fertilizer and pesticide of the seeding and fertilizing machine; a replenishment pipeline 14 position control module for controlling the position of the seed, fertilizer and pesticide replenishment or filling pipeline of the seeding and fertilizing machine to ensure accurate docking with the fertilizer and pesticide bin of the seeding and fertilizing machine; and an industrial computer connected with the bin position recognition module, the bin remaining amount detection module, the bin material conveying control module and the replenishment pipeline 14 position control module, respectively, for receiving the position information of the seed, fertilizer and pesticide bin, the remaining amount information of the seed, fertilizer and pesticide bin, the speed information of automatic replenishment or filling of the seed, fertilizer and pesticide and the position information of the seed, fertilizer and pesticide replenishment or filling pipeline of the seeding and fertilizing machine, performing data processing and parameter matching, and sending control instructions to the bin material conveying control module and the replenishment pipeline 14 position control module.

[0109] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2It is a schematic structural view of the seed automatic replenishing mechanism 1 of an embodiment of the present application. The seed automatic replenishing mechanism 1 and the solid-state fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism 4 have the same structure, and the seed automatic replenishing mechanism 1 is taken as an example for description. The seed automatic replenishing mechanism 1 and the solid-state fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism 4 can each include: an automatic replenishing frame 12 installed on the main frame 10; a bin body 11 installed on the automatic replenishing frame 12, used for storing and providing seeds or solid-state fertilizers; the rotary variable switch 8 is installed on the automatic replenishing frame 12 corresponding to the bottom end of the bin body 11, used for controlling the speed of unloading seeds or solid-state fertilizers; a disturbing mechanism 13 installed on the automatic replenishing frame 12 and located in the bin body 11, used for disturbing the seeds or solid-state fertilizers inside the bin body 11, preventing the seeds or solid-state fertilizers from being blocked and ensuring the seeds or solid-state fertilizers to fall uniformly; a fan 15 installed on the automatic replenishing frame 12, used for controlling the replenishing speed of the seeds or solid-state fertilizers; a replenishing pipeline 14 installed on the spatial position adjusting mechanism 5, used for replenishing the seeds or solid-state fertilizers into the seed tank or the fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine; the spatial position adjusting mechanism 5 installed on the automatic replenishing frame 12, used for adjusting the butt joint position of the replenishing pipeline 14 and the seed tank or the fertilizer tank; the airflow distributor 9 installed on the automatic replenishing frame 12, connected with the replenishing pipeline 14, used for distributing the seeds or solid-state fertilizers into different replenishing pipelines 14; and a conveying pipeline 16 installed on the automatic replenishing frame 12, the inlet of the conveying pipeline 16 is connected with the rotary variable switch 8, the air inlet of the conveying pipeline 16 is connected with the fan 15, and the air outlet of the conveying pipeline 16 is connected with the airflow distributor 9, used for changing the conveying direction of the seeds or solid-state fertilizers.

[0110] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 It is a schematic structural view of the rotary variable switch 8 of an embodiment of the present application, Figure 4Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the rotating unloading piece 81 structure of an embodiment of the present application. The rotating variable switch 8 is installed on the corresponding mechanism for unloading flow control of seeds / solid fertilizers / liquid fertilizers / liquid chemicals, and includes: a fixed cylinder 83 installed on the automatic supply frame 12 or support 21 and located below the bin body 11 or liquid bin 22; the fixed cylinder 83 is located directly below the outlet of the bin body 11 or liquid bin 22 and can be connected by bolts and nuts; a plurality of rotating unloading pieces 81 installed on the fixed cylinder 83 and arranged in a circular array; the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating unloading piece 81 are respectively provided with a cylindrical boss 85, which can move along the long slot on the rotating variable unloading wheel 82 and the sliding groove 86 on the fixed cylinder 83; and the rotating variable unloading wheel 82 is connected to the rotating unloading piece 81 and drives the rotating unloading piece 81 to move to adjust the size of the unloading port 84 and control the unloading speed (seed or solid fertilizer). The rotating variable unloading wheel 82 of this embodiment can be driven by a motor to rotate the six rotating unloading pieces 81 together, and the upper surface cylindrical boss 85 of the six rotating unloading pieces 81 moves under the action of the circular long slot of the rotating variable unloading wheel 82, and then the lower surface cylindrical boss 85 of the six rotating unloading pieces 81 moves along the sliding groove 86 on the fixed cylinder 83 to change the size of the unloading port 84.

[0111] Referring to Figure 5 , Figure 5 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the air flow distributor 9 structure of an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the air flow distributor 9 is used for seed or solid fertilizer replenishment distribution, and includes: a distribution housing 91 installed on the automatic supply frame 12, with the inlet of the distribution housing 91 connected to the outlet of the conveying pipeline 16 and the outlet of the distribution housing 91 connected to the replenishment pipeline 14, and the number of outlets of the distribution housing 91 corresponding to the number of seed boxes or fertilizer boxes; and a distribution fan 92 connected to the bottom outlet of the distribution housing 91 for controlling the replenishment rate of seeds or solid fertilizers.

[0112] Referring to Figure 6 , Figure 6The space position adjusting mechanism 5 of the embodiment of the present application is shown in the structural schematic diagram. In the embodiment, the space position adjusting mechanism 5 can be respectively installed in the corresponding mechanism to adjust the docking position of the filling pipe and the seed tank, the fertilizer tank or the pesticide tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine during the corresponding replenishment of the seeds, the solid fertilizer, the liquid fertilizer or the pesticide. The space position adjusting mechanism 5 comprises: a space position adjusting motor, which can be installed on the main frame 10 or the corresponding automatic replenishing frame 12 or the support 21 of the corresponding mechanism; a supporting sliding block 54, which is installed on a sliding block base 55 and connected with a sliding block connecting rod 53, can move under the support of the sliding block base 55, and can control the scale of the vertical adjustment distance of the rocker 57, that is, the vertical movement distance of the rocker 57 can be changed when the cam disc 52 rotates one circle, so that the vertical accurate docking with the seed tank, the fertilizer tank or the pesticide tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine can be realized; a cam disc 52, which is connected with the space position adjusting motor and used to drive the space position adjusting mechanism 5 to move; the sliding block connecting rod 53, one end of which is connected with the cam disc 52; the other end of the sliding block connecting rod 53 is connected with a connecting rod 56; the number of the connecting rods 56 can be determined according to the number of the seed tank, the fertilizer tank or the pesticide tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine. The first connecting rod 56 from left to right has a toothed end, which is convenient for the motor to drive the connecting rod 56 to move horizontally and can realize the horizontal accurate docking with the seed tank, the fertilizer tank or the pesticide tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine; the connecting rod 56 is connected with the space position adjusting motor through a gear 58, the space position adjusting motor drives the connecting rod 56 to move horizontally, so as to realize the horizontal accurate docking with the seed tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine; the rocker 57, one end of which is connected with the connecting rod 56 and keeps in the vertical downward state, the other end of the rocker 57 is connected with the replenishing pipe 14 and drives the replenishing pipe 14 to move together; the replenishing pipe 14 can be a plastic hose, which is fixed with the rocker 57 through a U-shaped buckle; and a hydraulic cylinder 51, which is used to support and adjust the position of the space position adjusting mechanism 5, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 51 is connected with the sliding block base 55 through a bolt and a nut, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 51 is connected with the bin body 11 or the liquid bin 22. Among them, the sliding block connecting rod 53 is provided with a long slot in the middle, which is used to realize the vertical accurate docking with the seed tank, the fertilizer tank or the pesticide tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine, the supporting sliding block 54 moves along the long slot of the sliding block connecting rod 53, the cam disc 52 drives the sliding block connecting rod 53 to slide up and down, so as to control the vertical movement distance of the rocker 57. That is, the supporting sliding block 54 moves in the long slot of the sliding block connecting rod 53, taking the supporting sliding block 54 as the fulcrum, according to the principle of the lever, the cam disc 52 drives the sliding block connecting rod 53 to slide up and down, if the supporting sliding block 54 is close to one end of the cam disc 52, the vertical movement amplitude of the other end of the sliding block connecting rod 53 is larger, and vice versa, so as to change the vertical movement distance of the rocker 57.

[0113] Referring to Figure 7 , Figure 7The structure schematic view of the automatic liquid filling mechanism 2 of an embodiment of the present application. The automatic liquid filling mechanism 2 and the automatic liquid fertilizer filling mechanism 3 of the present application have the same structure, and the automatic liquid filling mechanism 2 is taken as an example for description below. The automatic liquid filling mechanism 2 and the automatic liquid fertilizer filling mechanism 3 can each include: a support 21 mounted on the main frame 10; a liquid tank 22 mounted on the support 21, used for storing and providing liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; the automatic dispenser 6 mounted on the support 21, located above the liquid tank 22, and connected with the inlet of the liquid tank 22, facilitating direct filling, used for automatic direct filling and dispensing of liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; the rotary variable switch 8 mounted on the support 21 and located below the liquid tank 22, used for controlling the speed of discharging liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; a liquid disturbance mechanism 23 mounted on the support 21 and placed inside the liquid tank 22, used for disturbing the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer inside the liquid tank 22, preventing clogging and ensuring uniform flow of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; a pipeline pump 26 mounted on the support 21, used for controlling the filling speed of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; and a liquid delivery pipeline 24 mounted on the support 21, the inlet of the liquid delivery pipeline 24 being connected with the pipeline pump 26, the outlet of the liquid delivery pipeline 24 being connected with a liquid filling pipeline 25, used for changing the flow direction of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer and dispensing the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer into different liquid filling pipelines 25, the number of outlets of the liquid delivery pipeline 24 being determined by the number of medicine tanks or fertilizer tanks of the seeding and fertilizing machine; and the spatial position adjusting mechanism 5 mounted on the support 21, used for adjusting the butt joint position of the liquid filling pipeline 25 and the fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine.

[0114] Referring to Figure 8 , Figure 8 The structure schematic view of the automatic dispenser 6 of an embodiment of the present application. The automatic dispenser 6 of the embodiment includes: a feeding cylinder 61 used for feeding each component material of liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer, the number of the feeding cylinders 61 corresponding to the number of component materials of liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; a screw conveying mechanism 62 connected with the outlet of the feeding cylinder 61, used for conveying each component material of liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; an automatic dispensing pipeline pump 63 mounted on the screw conveying mechanism 62, used for controlling the speed of automatic dispensing of liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; a material mixing cylinder 65 located below the outlet of the screw conveying mechanism 62, used for mixing liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; and a stirring mechanism 64 located inside the material mixing cylinder 65, used for stirring each component material of liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer uniformly to complete automatic mixing of liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer.

[0115] The multifunctional composite automatic filling method of the present application includes the following steps:

[0116] Step S100, the tank position recognition module recognizes the seed and fertilizer tank position of the seeding and fertilizing machine, and the supplement pipeline 14 position control module controls the seed and fertilizer supplement or filling pipeline to precisely dock with the seed and fertilizer supplement or filling tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine;

[0117] Step S200, the tank remaining amount detection module detects the seed and fertilizer tank remaining amount of the seeding and fertilizing machine, and the tank material conveying control module matches the corresponding working parameters to control the seed and fertilizer automatic supplement or filling speed, so as to ensure the quick completion of the automatic supplement or filling process; and

[0118] Step S300, after the seed and fertilizer supplement or filling of the seeding and fertilizing machine is completed, the device stops working and returns to the standby state.

[0119] During the working process, first, the central controller 7 adjusts the seed bin automatic supplement mechanism 1, the solid fertilizer automatic supplement mechanism 4, the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism 3, and the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism 2 to the working state, and displays that everything is normal; according to the seed and fertilizer tank position information recognized by the tank position recognition module, the seed and fertilizer supplement or filling pipeline is precisely moved in the vertical and horizontal directions under the action of the supplement pipeline position control module, so as to ensure that the seed and fertilizer supplement or filling pipeline precisely docks with the seed and fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine; then, according to the seed and fertilizer tank remaining amount information detected by the tank remaining amount detection module, the tank material conveying control module matches the corresponding working parameters to control the seed and fertilizer automatic supplement or filling speed, so as to ensure the quick completion of the seeding-fertilizing-spraying multifunctional automatic filling process; after the seed and fertilizer supplement or filling of the seeding and fertilizing machine is completed, the device stops working and returns to the standby state.

[0120] The present application has reasonable layout, fundamentally solves the problems of low efficiency, high labor intensity and high operation cost of automatic loading of seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying, realizes multifunctional automatic loading of seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying, has wide application range, ensures efficient and low-loss delivery of seeds, fertilizers and pesticides, greatly reduces labor intensity and operation cost, effectively matches the operation progress of seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying machines, and improves operation efficiency and endurance time.

[0121] The method of the present application fills the blank of automatic loading of seeds, fertilizers and pesticides, fundamentally solves the problems of low efficiency, high labor intensity and high operation cost of automatic loading of seeds, fertilizers and pesticides for seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying, has wide application range, realizes multifunctional automatic loading of seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying, guarantees efficient and low-loss delivery of seeds, fertilizers and pesticides, effectively matches the operation progress of seeding, fertilizing and pesticide spraying machines, and improves operation efficiency and endurance time.

[0122] Of course, the present application can have other various embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present application without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, but these corresponding changes and modifications should belong to the protection scope of the claims attached to the present application.

Claims

1. A multifunctional composite automatic loading device, characterized by, The application relates to a kind of automatic replenishing mechanism for seed and fertilizer of seeding and fertilizing machine, which comprises a main frame, a seed bin automatic replenishing mechanism installed on the main frame for automatic seed replenishing of the seeding and fertilizing machine, a solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism installed on the main frame for automatic fertilizer replenishing of the seeding and fertilizing machine, a liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism installed on the main frame and located on one side of the solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism for automatic liquid fertilizer filling of the seeding and fertilizing machine, a pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism installed on the main frame for automatic pesticide liquid filling of the pesticide spraying machine of the seeding and fertilizing machine, and a central controller installed on the main frame and connected with the seed bin automatic replenishing mechanism, the solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism, the liquid fertilizer automatic filling mechanism and the pesticide liquid automatic filling mechanism for real-time adjustment of the working state of each mechanism and planning of the cooperative work of each mechanism. The seed bin automatic replenishing mechanism and the solid fertilizer automatic replenishing mechanism each comprise an automatic replenishing frame installed on the main frame, a bin body installed on the automatic replenishing frame for storing and providing seeds or solid fertilizers, a rotary variable switch corresponding to the bottom end of the bin body and installed on the automatic replenishing frame for controlling the speed of seed or solid fertilizer unloading, a disturbance mechanism installed on the automatic replenishing frame and located in the bin body for disturbing the seeds or solid fertilizers in the bin body to prevent clogging and ensure uniform falling of the seeds or solid fertilizers, and a fan installed on the automatic replenishing frame for controlling the replenishing speed of the seeds or solid fertilizers. The central controller comprises a material box position identification module for identifying the position of the seed, fertilizer and pesticide boxes of the seeding and fertilizing machine, a material box remaining amount detection module for detecting the remaining amount of the seed, fertilizer and pesticide boxes of the seeding and fertilizing machine, a material box material conveying control module for controlling the speed of automatic seed, fertilizer and pesticide replenishing or filling of the seeding and fertilizing machine, a replenishing pipe position control module for controlling the position of the seed, fertilizer and pesticide replenishing or filling pipe of the seeding and fertilizing machine to ensure accurate docking with the fertilizer and pesticide boxes of the seeding and fertilizing machine, and an industrial computer connected with the material box position identification module, the material box remaining amount detection module, the material box material conveying control module and the replenishing pipe position control module for receiving the position information, the remaining amount information, the speed information and the pipe position information of the seed, fertilizer and pesticide boxes of the seeding and fertilizing machine, performing data processing and parameter matching, and sending control instructions to the material box material conveying control module and the replenishing pipe position control module. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. The multifunctional composite automatic loading device according to claim 1, wherein, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ A feeding pipe is installed on the space position adjusting mechanism to feed seeds or solid fertilizers into the seed tank or the fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine; the space position adjusting mechanism is installed on the automatic feeding frame to adjust the docking position of the feeding pipe and the seed tank; the air flow distributor is installed on the automatic feeding frame and connected with the feeding pipe to distribute seeds or solid fertilizers into different feeding pipes; and A conveying pipe is installed on the automatic feeding frame and connected with the rotary variable switch, the air inlet of the conveying pipe is connected with the fan, and the air outlet of the conveying pipe is connected with the air flow distributor to change the conveying direction of seeds or solid fertilizers.

3. The multifunctional composite automatic loading device according to claim 2, wherein, The air flow distributor comprises: A distribution shell is installed on the automatic feeding frame, the inlet of the distribution shell is connected with the outlet of the conveying pipe, the outlet of the distribution shell is connected with the feeding pipe, and the number of the outlet of the distribution shell corresponds to the number of the seed tank or the fertilizer tank; and A distribution fan is connected with the bottom outlet of the distribution shell to control the feeding rate of seeds or solid fertilizers.

4. The multifunctional composite automatic loading device according to claim 1, wherein, The automatic liquid medicine and liquid fertilizer feeding mechanisms respectively comprise: A support is installed on the main frame; A liquid tank is installed on the support to store and provide liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; an automatic dispenser is installed on the support above the liquid tank and connected with the inlet of the liquid tank to automatically and directly feed the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; a rotary variable switch is installed on the support below the liquid tank to control the discharging speed of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; A liquid disturbance mechanism is installed on the support and placed inside the liquid tank to disturb the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer inside the liquid tank, prevent clogging and ensure uniform flow of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; A pipe pump is installed on the support to control the feeding speed of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; and A liquid conveying pipe is installed on the support, the inlet of the liquid conveying pipe is connected with the pipe pump, and the outlet of the liquid conveying pipe is connected with a liquid feeding pipe to change the flow direction of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer and distribute the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer into different liquid feeding pipes; a space position adjusting mechanism is installed on the support to adjust the docking position of the liquid feeding pipe and the fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine.

5. The multi-functional composite automatic loading device according to claim 4, wherein, The automatic dispenser comprises: A feeding cylinder is used to feed each component of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer, and the number of the feeding cylinder corresponds to the number of the components of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; A screw conveying mechanism is connected with the outlet of the feeding cylinder to convey each component of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; An automatic dispensing pipe pump is installed on the screw conveying mechanism to control the automatic feeding speed of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; A material cylinder is located below the outlet of the screw conveying mechanism to mix the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer; and A stirring mechanism is located in the material cylinder to stir each component of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer uniformly to complete the automatic mixing of the liquid medicine or liquid fertilizer.

6. The multifunctional combined automatic loading device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The space position adjusting mechanism comprises: A space position adjusting motor; A support slider is installed on the slider base; A cam disc is connected with the spatial position adjusting motor; A slider connecting rod is connected with the cam disc at one end, and the other end of the slider connecting rod is connected with a connecting rod, and the spatial position adjusting motor drives the connecting rod to move horizontally to achieve accurate horizontal docking with the seed tank, chemical tank or fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine; A rocker is connected with the connecting rod at one end, and the other end of the rocker is connected with the material supplementing pipeline or liquid filling pipeline; and A hydraulic cylinder is connected with the slider base at one end, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the bin body or liquid bin.

7. The multi-functional composite automatic loading device according to claim 6, wherein, A long slot is formed in the middle of the slider connecting rod to achieve accurate vertical docking with the seed tank, chemical tank or fertilizer tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine, the support slider moves along the long slot of the slider connecting rod, and the cam disc drives the slider connecting rod to slide up and down to control the movement distance of the rocker in the vertical direction.

8. The multifunctional combined automatic loading device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The rotary variable switch comprises: A fixed cylinder is installed on the automatic supplementing frame or support and located below the bin body or liquid bin; A plurality of rotary unloading pieces are installed on the fixed cylinder and distributed in a circular array; and A rotary variable unloading wheel is connected with the rotary unloading pieces and drives the rotary unloading pieces to move to adjust the size of the unloading port and control the unloading speed.

9. A multi-functional complex automatic loading method, characterized by, The multifunctional composite automatic loading device comprises the following steps: S100, a material tank position recognition module recognizes the positions of the seed, fertilizer and chemical tanks of the seeding and fertilizing machine, and a material supplementing pipeline position control module controls the accurate docking of the material supplementing or filling pipeline with the material supplementing or filling tank of the seeding and fertilizing machine; S200, a material tank remaining amount detection module detects the remaining amounts of the seed, fertilizer and chemical tanks of the seeding and fertilizing machine, and a material tank material conveying control module matches the corresponding working parameters to control the automatic supplementing or filling speed of the seed, fertilizer and chemical, and ensures the rapid completion of the automatic supplementing or filling process; and S300, after the material supplementing or filling of the seeding and fertilizing machine is completed, the work is stopped, and the standby state is restored.

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