A method and system for evaluating and analyzing the ecological restoration of mines based on environmental monitoring

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring, comprising: obtaining the degradation characteristics of abandoned mine land within a target range through historical data retrieval, and dividing the abandoned mine land within the target range into a number of sub-areas; screening ecological restoration evaluation indicators based on the degradation characteristics of each sub-area, obtaining environmental monitoring and collection indicators for the abandoned mine land, and collecting environmental data; constructing an ecological restoration evaluation model for abandoned mine land to evaluate and analyze the dynamic changes of ecological restoration in each sub-area under a time series, and quantifying the degree of ecological restoration of each sub-area of each abandoned mine land; judging the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan based on the degree of ecological restoration of each sub-area, and adjusting the ecological restoration plan. The present invention obtains ecological restoration effect zoning by evaluating the ecological restoration of abandoned mines, which helps to match the optimal ecological restoration method for abandoned lands with different degradation characteristics, and provides guidance for ecological restoration regulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and more specifically, to a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring. Background Art

[0002] While the development and utilization of mineral resources has driven economic development, it has also inflicted significant damage to the ecological environment, triggering a series of unavoidable environmental problems. In recent years, society has comprehensively strengthened the restoration and management of the geological environment in mines, establishing mechanisms for the protection and restoration of the geological environment in mines. Mine ecological restoration has become a hot topic. With the continued advancement of ecological civilization and the increasing emphasis on mine ecological restoration, it is important to recognize that mine ecological restoration faces enormous challenges and a long and arduous journey. Environmental restoration alone cannot meet the needs of social development.

[0003] The development of mining activities can easily lead to different types of geological disasters, the destruction and occupation of land resources, the destruction of topographic landscapes and environmental pollution, and other problems, which greatly undermine the local ecological and environmental benefits. Mine ecological restoration is a necessary part of the current resource extraction process. Evaluating the ecology of abandoned mine sites after ecological restoration can provide guidance for the ecological restoration and regulation strategies of abandoned mine sites. Because the manifestations, states, processes, trends, and causes of land ecosystem degradation in different types of mining areas are not completely consistent, the regulatory strategies adopted will also be different. The existing ecological restoration evaluation methods are too general and lack mine ecological restoration evaluation methods that can adaptively select different regulatory strategies. Therefore, how to evaluate the ecological restoration of abandoned mines based on information on changes in the ecological environment is one of the urgent problems that need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method based on environmental monitoring, comprising:

[0006] Obtaining degradation characteristics of abandoned mine land within the target range through historical data retrieval, and dividing the abandoned mine land within the target range into several zones based on the degradation characteristics;

[0007] Screening ecological restoration evaluation indicators based on the degradation characteristics of each zone, obtaining environmental monitoring and collection indicators for abandoned mine sites based on the evaluation indicators, and collecting environmental data based on the environmental monitoring and collection indicators;

[0008] Construct an ecological restoration evaluation model for abandoned mine sites, use the collected environmental data to evaluate the ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites, analyze the dynamic changes of ecological restoration in each zone under time series, and evaluate the degree of ecological restoration in each zone of abandoned mine sites;

[0009] The adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan is judged by the degree of ecological restoration in each zone, and the ecological restoration plan is adjusted and updated based on the judgment results.

[0010] In this scheme, the degradation characteristics of the abandoned mine land within the target range are obtained through historical data retrieval. According to the degradation characteristics, the abandoned mine land within the target range is divided into several zones, specifically:

[0011] Obtaining historical monitoring data on geology, hydrology, and plant cover within the target range of the abandoned mine, performing data cleaning on the historical monitoring data, and generating degradation characteristics of the abandoned mine land within the target range based on the pre-processed historical monitoring data;

[0012] The abandoned mine land within the target range is preliminarily divided according to the preset division standards, and the local degradation characteristics of each abandoned mine land after division are obtained, and the similarity of the local degradation characteristics of each abandoned mine land is compared;

[0013] The similarity deviation of any two abandoned mine plots is obtained. When the similarity deviation is less than the preset deviation threshold, they are classified into the same partition. After the comparison of the abandoned mine plots is completed, the partition result is overwritten with the preliminary division of the abandoned mine land to obtain several partitions.

[0014] In this plan, ecological restoration evaluation indicators are screened based on the degradation characteristics of each zone, specifically:

[0015] The influencing factors of ecological restoration were determined based on the degradation characteristics of each zone of abandoned mine land within the target range and the corresponding historical monitoring data. The significant influencing factors in the determined zones were obtained using principal component analysis, and the principal component scores of the significant influencing factors were calculated as the initial weight information.

[0016] Obtain case data of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land through data retrieval, obtain evaluation indicators of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land in the case data, set the frequency threshold of the evaluation indicator, and calculate the frequency of occurrence of each evaluation indicator in the case data;

[0017] Selecting evaluation indicators whose occurrence frequency is greater than the occurrence frequency threshold, and generating a preliminary set of evaluation indicators based on the selected evaluation indicators;

[0018] Using a dynamic clustering algorithm, the evaluation index of each zone is selected from the preliminary selection set of evaluation indexes according to the significant influencing factors of each zone of the abandoned mine land within the target range;

[0019] The significant influencing factors of each partition are used as the initial cluster centers, and the similarity between each evaluation indicator in the preliminary selection set of evaluation indicators and the initial cluster centers is calculated. The evaluation indicators are sorted according to the similarity, and the evaluation indicators are assigned to the initial cluster centers with the largest similarity to generate clustering results.

[0020] After all the evaluation indicators in the preliminary selection set are divided, the average similarity of the evaluation indicators in each clustering result corresponding to each significant influencing factor is calculated as the new cluster center to continue iteration. When the number of iterations is met, the final clustering result is obtained;

[0021] In the final clustering results, the Pearson correlation coefficients of each evaluation indicator and each significant influencing factor are calculated and sorted, and a preset number of evaluation indicators are selected as evaluation indicators for ecological restoration evaluation of each partition based on the initial weight information of each significant influencing factor.

[0022] In this plan, an ecological restoration evaluation model for abandoned mine sites is constructed, and the collected environmental data are used to evaluate the ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites. Specifically:

[0023] Obtain the evaluation indicators of ecological restoration evaluation for each zone, establish a comprehensive evaluation model for ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites within the target range based on the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and determine the indicator weights of the evaluation indicators through the analytic hierarchy process;

[0024] Determine a set of evaluation factors for ecological restoration of abandoned mine land within the target range based on the evaluation indicators, preset a comprehensive evaluation level for ecological restoration of abandoned mine land, and determine the membership of the evaluation factors to each evaluation level based on the membership function to obtain a membership matrix;

[0025] The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results are obtained using the collected environmental data according to the membership matrix and the indicator weights, and a comprehensive evaluation grade for the ecological restoration evaluation of abandoned mine sites within the target range is generated.

[0026] In this plan, the dynamic changes of ecological restoration of each sub-area under time series are analyzed, and the degree of ecological restoration of each sub-area of each mine wasteland is evaluated, specifically;

[0027] According to the timestamp matching of the environmental monitoring data, the comprehensive ecological restoration evaluation level is used to obtain the ecological restoration time series of each zone of the abandoned mine land within the target range. The membership changes of the evaluation factors in the ecological restoration evaluation of each zone to each evaluation level are obtained through the time series, and the ecological restoration degree of each zone is obtained;

[0028] The restoration trend of ecological restoration in each subarea within a preset time period is obtained and analyzed according to the time series, which is used as the restoration trend standard within the preset time period. Whether the current restoration trend meets the restoration trend standard is determined by a preset time interval. If not, an early warning message is generated.

[0029] In this plan, the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan is judged by the degree of ecological restoration in each zone, and the ecological restoration plan is adjusted and updated based on the judgment results. Specifically:

[0030] Evaluate the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan for each zone based on the changes in the ecological restoration degree and restoration time of each zone;

[0031] When the fitness is less than the preset fitness threshold, it is proved that the ecological restoration degree of the partition does not meet the preset standard, and the partition is divided into an abnormal partition, and the environmental characteristics of the current environmental monitoring data in the abnormal partition are obtained;

[0032] The environmental characteristics of the normal partition in the mine wasteland within the target range are obtained as the standard environmental characteristics at the current moment, and the deviation coefficient is obtained by the ratio of the corresponding characteristic values of the degradation characteristics of the selected normal partition and the abnormal partition;

[0033] Calculate the characteristic deviation between the current environmental characteristics of the abnormal partition and the standard environmental characteristics, and combine the characteristic deviation with the deviation coefficient to obtain the final characteristic deviation of the abnormal partition;

[0034] Importing the environmental characteristics of the current environmental monitoring data in the abnormal partition and the final characteristic deviation of the abnormal partition into the relevant knowledge graph, and obtaining the ecological restoration problem of the abnormal partition during the current ecological restoration period according to the relevant knowledge graph;

[0035] The ecological and environmental problems are searched using similarity calculation to obtain knowledge data that meets the preset similarity standards, and ecological control plans are obtained based on the knowledge data. The control plans are then screened based on the difficulty of feasibility and the degree of matching and integration with the current ecological restoration plan.

[0036] A second aspect of the present invention further provides a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis system based on environmental monitoring, the system comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory comprising a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method program based on environmental monitoring, the mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method program based on environmental monitoring, when executed by the processor, implements the following steps:

[0037] Obtaining degradation characteristics of abandoned mine land within the target range through historical data retrieval, and dividing the abandoned mine land within the target range into several zones according to the degradation characteristics;

[0038] Screening ecological restoration evaluation indicators based on the degradation characteristics of each zone, obtaining environmental monitoring and collection indicators for abandoned mine sites based on the evaluation indicators, and collecting environmental data based on the environmental monitoring and collection indicators;

[0039] Construct an ecological restoration evaluation model for abandoned mine sites, use the collected environmental data to evaluate the ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites, analyze the dynamic changes of ecological restoration in each zone under time series, and evaluate the degree of ecological restoration in each zone of abandoned mine sites;

[0040] The adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan is judged by the degree of ecological restoration in each zone, and the ecological restoration plan is adjusted and updated based on the judgment results.

[0041] The present invention discloses a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring, comprising: obtaining degradation characteristics of abandoned mine land within a target range through historical data retrieval, and dividing the abandoned mine land within the target range into a number of sub-areas; screening ecological restoration evaluation indicators according to the degradation characteristics of each sub-area, obtaining environmental monitoring and collection indicators of the abandoned mine land, and collecting environmental data; constructing an ecological restoration evaluation model for abandoned mine land to evaluate and analyze the dynamic changes of ecological restoration of each sub-area under a time series, and quantifying the degree of ecological restoration of each sub-area of each abandoned mine land; judging the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan through the degree of ecological restoration of each sub-area, and adjusting the ecological restoration plan. The present invention obtains ecological restoration effect zoning by evaluating the ecological restoration of abandoned mines, avoiding the problem of excessive differences in ecological restoration in some areas due to general evaluation, helping to match the best ecological restoration method for abandoned lands with different degradation characteristics, and providing guidance for ecological restoration regulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 A flow chart of a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method based on environmental monitoring according to the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 2 A flow chart showing a method for screening ecological restoration evaluation indicators according to the degradation characteristics of each subarea according to the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for adjusting and updating an ecological restoration plan according to the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan is shown;

[0045] Figure 4 A block diagram of a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis system based on environmental monitoring of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0047] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0048] Figure 1 The flowchart of the mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method based on environmental monitoring of the present invention is shown.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method based on environmental monitoring, comprising:

[0050] S102, obtaining degradation characteristics of abandoned mine land within a target range through historical data retrieval, and dividing the abandoned mine land within the target range into a plurality of subareas according to the degradation characteristics;

[0051] S104, screening ecological restoration evaluation indicators based on the degradation characteristics of each zone, obtaining environmental monitoring and collection indicators for the abandoned mine site based on the evaluation indicators, and collecting environmental data based on the environmental monitoring and collection indicators;

[0052] S106, constructing an ecological restoration evaluation model for abandoned mine sites, using the collected environmental data to evaluate the ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites, analyzing the dynamic changes of ecological restoration in each zone under time series, and evaluating the degree of ecological restoration in each zone of each abandoned mine site;

[0053] S108, judging the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan based on the ecological restoration degree of each zone, and adjusting and updating the ecological restoration plan based on the judgment result.

[0054] It should be noted that historical monitoring data on geology, hydrology and plant coverage within the target range of abandoned mines are obtained, and the historical monitoring data include environmental monitoring data, meteorological data and remote sensing data, etc. The historical monitoring data are cleaned, and the geological, hydrological and plant coverage information of normal land within the target range is obtained. The pre-processed historical monitoring data are compared with the data of normal land to generate the degradation characteristics of the abandoned mine land within the target range; the abandoned mine land within the target range is preliminarily divided according to the preset division standard, and the local degradation characteristics of each abandoned mine land block after division are obtained, and the local degradation characteristics of each abandoned mine land block are compared for similarity; the similarity deviation of any two abandoned mine land blocks is obtained. When the similarity deviation is less than the preset deviation threshold, they are classified into the same partition. When the comparison of the abandoned mine land blocks is completed, the partition result is overwritten with the preliminary division of the abandoned mine land to obtain several partitions.

[0055] Figure 2The flowchart of the method for screening ecological restoration evaluation indicators according to the degradation characteristics of each partition of the present invention is shown.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, ecological restoration evaluation indicators are screened based on the degradation characteristics of each zone, specifically:

[0057] S202: Determine the influencing factors of ecological restoration based on the degradation characteristics of each zone of the abandoned mine land within the target range and the corresponding historical monitoring data, use principal component analysis to obtain significant influencing factors in the determined zones, and calculate the principal component scores of the significant influencing factors as initial weight information;

[0058] S204, obtaining case data of ecological restoration of abandoned mine lands through data retrieval, obtaining evaluation indicators of ecological restoration of abandoned mine lands in the case data, setting an occurrence frequency threshold of the evaluation indicator, and performing an evaluation on the occurrence frequency of each evaluation indicator in the case data;

[0059] S206, selecting evaluation indicators whose occurrence frequency is greater than the occurrence frequency threshold, and generating a preliminary set of evaluation indicators based on the selected evaluation indicators;

[0060] S208, using a dynamic clustering algorithm to select evaluation indicators for each zone in the target range based on significant influencing factors of each zone of the abandoned mine land from the preliminary set of evaluation indicators;

[0061] S210, using the significant influencing factors of each partition as the initial cluster center, calculating the similarity between each evaluation indicator in the preliminary selection set of evaluation indicators and the initial cluster center, sorting them according to the similarity, and assigning the evaluation indicators to the initial cluster center with the largest similarity to generate a clustering result;

[0062] S212, after all evaluation indicators in the preliminary evaluation indicator set are divided, the average similarity of the evaluation indicators in each clustering result corresponding to each significant influencing factor is calculated as the new cluster center and iteratively continued. When the number of iterations is satisfied, the final clustering result is obtained;

[0063] S214, calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between each evaluation indicator and each significant influencing factor in the final clustering result and sorting them, and selecting a preset number of evaluation indicators as evaluation indicators for ecological restoration evaluation of each partition based on the initial weight information of each significant influencing factor.

[0064] It should be noted that after determining the influencing factors of ecological restoration, the influencing factors are standardized, the correlation coefficient is calculated according to the standardized matrix, and the eigenvalue and eigenvector are obtained using the correlation coefficient, and the contribution rate of the principal component is calculated. The number of significant influencing factors is determined by the influencing factors with a contribution rate of more than 85%, and the principal component score of each significant influencing factor is calculated. The initial weight information is set according to the principal component score. The higher the initial weight information, the more evaluation indicators under the significant influencing factor.

[0065] Dynamic cluster analysis is performed using the significant influencing factors of each partition, and the Euclidean distance is used to calculate the similarity in the dynamic cluster analysis. The Euclidean distance from each evaluation indicator to the initial cluster center is obtained, and each evaluation indicator is classified into the nearest initial cluster center to form a clustering result; after the evaluation indicator in the preliminary selection set is divided, the mean similarity value in each cluster in the clustering result is obtained as the new cluster center t is the number of iterations, let Z n is the total number of evaluation indicators in the nth cluster, x ni is the similarity of the i-th evaluation index of the cluster, and the new cluster center is calculated based on the average similarity of the evaluation index:

[0066] Select the standard measure function σ c and the maximum number of iterations T max ,like Or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to T max , end dynamic clustering, take the last operation result as the final clustering result, obtain the evaluation index cluster set of each significant influencing factor according to the clustering result, sort the evaluation index cluster set by the Pearson correlation coefficient, preset the number of evaluation indicators of each significant influencing factor according to the initial weight information, and select based on the sorting result according to the number of evaluation indicators.

[0067] It should be noted that the evaluation indicators of ecological restoration evaluation of each zone are obtained, and a comprehensive evaluation model of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land within the target range is established based on the hierarchical analysis method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. A hierarchical structure of evaluation indicators is established, and the indicator weight of each indicator is generated according to the judgment matrix of each layer in the hierarchical structure; the set of evaluation factors for ecological restoration of abandoned mine land within the target range is determined according to the evaluation indicators, and the comprehensive evaluation level of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land is preset. The membership of the evaluation factors to each evaluation level is judged according to the membership function to obtain the membership matrix. Commonly used membership functions include trapezoidal function, triangular function, etc. The membership of the indicator layer and the target layer is calculated by the membership and weight of the indicator of the next layer. For the comprehensive evaluation level of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land: poor restoration, good restoration, general restoration and good restoration, the membership corresponds to 70, 80, 90 and 100 respectively, and the membership of the evaluation indicator to the evaluation level is calculated; according to the membership matrix and indicator weight, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation result is obtained using the collected environmental data to generate a comprehensive evaluation level of ecological restoration evaluation of abandoned mine land within the target range.

[0068] According to the timestamp matching of the environmental monitoring data and the comprehensive evaluation level of ecological restoration, the ecological restoration time series of each zone of the abandoned mine land within the target range is obtained. The changes in the membership of the evaluation factors in the ecological restoration evaluation of each zone to each evaluation level are obtained through the time series to obtain the degree of ecological restoration of each zone; according to the time series, the restoration trend of the ecological restoration of each zone within the preset time period is obtained and analyzed as the restoration trend standard within the preset time period. Whether the current restoration trend meets the restoration trend standard is judged through the preset time interval. If not, an early warning information is generated.

[0069] Figure 3 The flowchart of the method of adjusting and updating the ecological restoration plan according to the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan is shown.

[0070] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan is determined by the ecological restoration degree of each zone, and the ecological restoration plan is adjusted and updated based on the determination result, specifically:

[0071] S302, evaluating the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan for each zone based on the changes in the ecological restoration degree and restoration time of each zone;

[0072] S304: When the fitness is less than a preset fitness threshold, it is proved that the ecological restoration degree of the partition does not meet the preset standard, and the partition is divided into an abnormal partition, and the environmental characteristics of the current environmental monitoring data in the abnormal partition are obtained;

[0073] S306, obtaining environmental characteristics of normal partitions in the abandoned mine land within the target range as standard environmental characteristics at the current moment, and obtaining a deviation coefficient by comparing the corresponding characteristic values of the degradation characteristics of the selected normal partitions with those of the abnormal partitions;

[0074] S308, calculating the characteristic deviation between the current environmental characteristics of the abnormal partition and the standard environmental characteristics, and combining the characteristic deviation with the deviation coefficient to obtain the final characteristic deviation of the abnormal partition;

[0075] S310, importing the environmental characteristics of the current environmental monitoring data in the abnormal partition and the final characteristic deviation of the abnormal partition into the relevant knowledge graph, and obtaining the ecological restoration problem of the abnormal partition during the current ecological restoration period according to the relevant knowledge graph;

[0076] S312, using similarity calculation to search through the ecological and environmental problems, obtain knowledge data that meets the preset similarity standards, obtain ecological control plans based on the knowledge data, and screen the control plans based on the difficulty of feasibility and the degree of matching and integration with the current ecological restoration plan.

[0077] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan for each zone is evaluated based on the changes in the degree of ecological restoration and the restoration time of each zone. The benchmark restoration time is set based on the changes in the degree of ecological restoration. When the actual restoration time deviates too much from the benchmark restoration time, it proves that the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan does not meet expectations, and the adaptability of the ecological restoration plan can be characterized by the deviation. Ecological regulation plans are obtained based on knowledge data, and are screened based on the difficulty of their feasibility and the degree of matching and integration with the current ecological restoration plan. The degree of matching and integration with the current ecological restoration plan can be judged by whether there is an intersection between the regulation and restoration methods.

[0078] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis database is constructed, specifically:

[0079] Constructing a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis database, storing the geographical location information, geology, hydrology, plant cover information of each abandoned mine site and the corresponding ecological restoration plan in the database;

[0080] Conduct full-process ecological restoration monitoring and evaluation based on environmental data collected at each restoration stage of each abandoned mine site in the mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis database, and recommend suitable plants and ecological restoration plans based on the climate and geological conditions of the area where the abandoned mine site is located;

[0081] When conducting ecological restoration evaluation on the target abandoned mine site based on the currently collected environmental data, a similarity comparison is performed in the database based on the degradation characteristics and climate characteristics of the target abandoned mine site, and restoration evaluation plans for similar abandoned sites in the database whose similarity meets the preset value requirements are obtained;

[0082] The evaluation indicators of similar abandoned land restoration evaluation schemes are used as the evaluation indicator standards for ecological restoration evaluation of target mine abandoned land;

[0083] Data verification is generated based on the evaluation results of the ecological restoration evaluation of the target mine wasteland, and the mine ecological restoration evaluation analysis database is updated through the data verification.

[0084] Figure 4 A block diagram of a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis system based on environmental monitoring of the present invention is shown.

[0085] A second aspect of the present invention further provides a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis system 4 based on environmental monitoring, the system comprising: a memory 41 and a processor 42, wherein the memory includes a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method program based on environmental monitoring, and when the mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method program based on environmental monitoring is executed by the processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0086] Obtaining degradation characteristics of abandoned mine land within the target range through historical data retrieval, and dividing the abandoned mine land within the target range into several zones based on the degradation characteristics;

[0087] Screening ecological restoration evaluation indicators based on the degradation characteristics of each zone, obtaining environmental monitoring and collection indicators for abandoned mine sites based on the evaluation indicators, and collecting environmental data based on the environmental monitoring and collection indicators;

[0088] Construct an ecological restoration evaluation model for abandoned mine sites, use the collected environmental data to evaluate the ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites, analyze the dynamic changes of ecological restoration in each zone under time series, and evaluate the degree of ecological restoration in each zone of abandoned mine sites;

[0089] The adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan is judged by the degree of ecological restoration in each zone, and the ecological restoration plan is adjusted and updated based on the judgment results.

[0090] It should be noted that historical monitoring data on geology, hydrology and plant coverage within the target range of abandoned mines are obtained, and the historical monitoring data include environmental monitoring data, meteorological data and remote sensing data, etc. The historical monitoring data are cleaned, and the geological, hydrological and plant coverage information of normal land within the target range is obtained. The pre-processed historical monitoring data are compared with the data of normal land to generate the degradation characteristics of the abandoned mine land within the target range; the abandoned mine land within the target range is preliminarily divided according to the preset division standard, and the local degradation characteristics of each abandoned mine land block after division are obtained, and the local degradation characteristics of each abandoned mine land block are compared for similarity; the similarity deviation of any two abandoned mine land blocks is obtained. When the similarity deviation is less than the preset deviation threshold, they are classified into the same partition. When the comparison of the abandoned mine land blocks is completed, the partition result is overwritten with the preliminary division of the abandoned mine land to obtain several partitions.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, ecological restoration evaluation indicators are screened based on the degradation characteristics of each zone, specifically:

[0092] The influencing factors of ecological restoration were determined based on the degradation characteristics of each zone of abandoned mine land within the target range and the corresponding historical monitoring data. The significant influencing factors in the determined zones were obtained using principal component analysis, and the principal component scores of the significant influencing factors were calculated as the initial weight information.

[0093] Obtain case data of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land through data retrieval, obtain evaluation indicators of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land in the case data, set the frequency threshold of the evaluation indicator, and calculate the frequency of occurrence of each evaluation indicator in the case data;

[0094] Selecting evaluation indicators whose occurrence frequency is greater than the occurrence frequency threshold, and generating a preliminary set of evaluation indicators based on the selected evaluation indicators;

[0095] Using a dynamic clustering algorithm, the evaluation index of each zone is selected from the preliminary selection set of evaluation indexes according to the significant influencing factors of each zone of the abandoned mine land within the target range;

[0096] The significant influencing factors of each partition are used as the initial cluster centers, and the similarity between each evaluation indicator in the preliminary selection set of evaluation indicators and the initial cluster centers is calculated. The evaluation indicators are sorted according to the similarity, and the evaluation indicators are assigned to the initial cluster centers with the largest similarity to generate clustering results.

[0097] After all the evaluation indicators in the preliminary selection set are divided, the average similarity of the evaluation indicators in each clustering result corresponding to each significant influencing factor is calculated as the new cluster center to continue iteration. When the number of iterations is met, the final clustering result is obtained;

[0098] In the final clustering results, the Pearson correlation coefficients of each evaluation indicator and each significant influencing factor are calculated and sorted, and a preset number of evaluation indicators are selected as evaluation indicators for ecological restoration evaluation of each partition based on the initial weight information of each significant influencing factor.

[0099] It should be noted that after determining the influencing factors of ecological restoration, the influencing factors are standardized, the correlation coefficient is calculated according to the standardized matrix, and the eigenvalue and eigenvector are obtained using the correlation coefficient, and the contribution rate of the principal component is calculated. The number of significant influencing factors is determined by the influencing factors with a contribution rate of more than 85%, and the principal component score of each significant influencing factor is calculated. The initial weight information is set according to the principal component score. The higher the initial weight information, the more evaluation indicators under the significant influencing factor.

[0100] Dynamic cluster analysis is performed using the significant influencing factors of each partition, and the Euclidean distance is used to calculate the similarity in the dynamic cluster analysis. The Euclidean distance from each evaluation indicator to the initial cluster center is obtained, and each evaluation indicator is classified into the nearest initial cluster center to form a clustering result; after the evaluation indicator in the preliminary selection set is divided, the mean similarity value in each cluster in the clustering result is obtained as the new cluster center t is the number of iterations, let Z n is the total number of evaluation indicators in the nth cluster, x ni is the similarity of the i-th evaluation index of the cluster, and the new cluster center is calculated based on the average similarity of the evaluation index:

[0101] Select the standard measure function σ c and the maximum number of iterations T max ,like Or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to T max , end dynamic clustering, take the last operation result as the final clustering result, obtain the evaluation index cluster set of each significant influencing factor according to the clustering result, sort the evaluation index cluster set by the Pearson correlation coefficient, preset the number of evaluation indicators of each significant influencing factor according to the initial weight information, and select based on the sorting result according to the number of evaluation indicators.

[0102] It should be noted that the evaluation indicators of ecological restoration evaluation of each zone are obtained, and a comprehensive evaluation model of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land within the target range is established based on the hierarchical analysis method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. A hierarchical structure of evaluation indicators is established, and the indicator weight of each indicator is generated according to the judgment matrix of each layer in the hierarchical structure; the set of evaluation factors for ecological restoration of abandoned mine land within the target range is determined according to the evaluation indicators, and the comprehensive evaluation level of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land is preset. The membership of the evaluation factors to each evaluation level is judged according to the membership function to obtain the membership matrix. Commonly used membership functions include trapezoidal function, triangular function, etc. The membership of the indicator layer and the target layer is calculated by the membership and weight of the indicator of the next layer. For the comprehensive evaluation level of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land: poor restoration, good restoration, general restoration and good restoration, the membership corresponds to 70, 80, 90 and 100 respectively, and the membership of the evaluation indicator to the evaluation level is calculated; according to the membership matrix and indicator weight, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation result is obtained using the collected environmental data to generate a comprehensive evaluation level of ecological restoration evaluation of abandoned mine land within the target range.

[0103] According to the timestamp matching of the environmental monitoring data and the comprehensive evaluation level of ecological restoration, the ecological restoration time series of each zone of the abandoned mine land within the target range is obtained. The changes in the membership of the evaluation factors in the ecological restoration evaluation of each zone to each evaluation level are obtained through the time series to obtain the degree of ecological restoration of each zone; according to the time series, the restoration trend of the ecological restoration of each zone within the preset time period is obtained and analyzed as the restoration trend standard within the preset time period. Whether the current restoration trend meets the restoration trend standard is judged through the preset time interval. If not, an early warning information is generated.

[0104] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan is determined by the ecological restoration degree of each zone, and the ecological restoration plan is adjusted and updated based on the determination result, specifically:

[0105] Evaluate the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan for each zone based on the changes in the ecological restoration degree and restoration time of each zone;

[0106] When the fitness is less than the preset fitness threshold, it is proved that the ecological restoration degree of the partition does not meet the preset standard, and the partition is divided into an abnormal partition, and the environmental characteristics of the current environmental monitoring data in the abnormal partition are obtained;

[0107] The environmental characteristics of the normal partition in the mine wasteland within the target range are obtained as the standard environmental characteristics at the current moment, and the deviation coefficient is obtained by the ratio of the corresponding characteristic values of the degradation characteristics of the selected normal partition and the abnormal partition;

[0108] Calculate the characteristic deviation between the current environmental characteristics of the abnormal partition and the standard environmental characteristics, and combine the characteristic deviation with the deviation coefficient to obtain the final characteristic deviation of the abnormal partition;

[0109] Importing the environmental characteristics of the current environmental monitoring data in the abnormal partition and the final characteristic deviation of the abnormal partition into the relevant knowledge graph, and obtaining the ecological restoration problem of the abnormal partition during the current ecological restoration period according to the relevant knowledge graph;

[0110] The ecological and environmental problems are searched using similarity calculation to obtain knowledge data that meets the preset similarity standards, and ecological control plans are obtained based on the knowledge data. The control plans are then screened based on the difficulty of feasibility and the degree of matching and integration with the current ecological restoration plan.

[0111] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan for each zone is evaluated based on the changes in the degree of ecological restoration and the restoration time of each zone. The benchmark restoration time is set based on the changes in the degree of ecological restoration. When the actual restoration time deviates too much from the benchmark restoration time, it proves that the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan does not meet expectations, and the adaptability of the ecological restoration plan can be characterized by the deviation. Ecological regulation plans are obtained based on knowledge data, and are screened based on the difficulty of their feasibility and the degree of matching and integration with the current ecological restoration plan. The degree of matching and integration with the current ecological restoration plan can be judged by whether there is an intersection between the regulation and restoration methods.

[0112] The third aspect of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method program based on environmental monitoring. When the mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method program based on environmental monitoring is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method based on environmental monitoring as described in any one of the above items.

[0113] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0114] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment.

[0115] In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as a unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0116] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments may be implemented by hardware associated with program instructions, and the aforementioned program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the program executes the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as mobile storage devices, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0117] Alternatively, if the above-mentioned integrated unit of the present invention is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as mobile storage devices, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0118] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtaining degradation characteristics of abandoned mine land within the target range through historical data retrieval, and dividing the abandoned mine land within the target range into several zones according to the degradation characteristics; Screening ecological restoration evaluation indicators based on the degradation characteristics of each zone, obtaining environmental monitoring and collection indicators for abandoned mine sites based on the evaluation indicators, and collecting environmental data based on the environmental monitoring and collection indicators; Construct an ecological restoration evaluation model for abandoned mine sites, use the collected environmental data to evaluate the ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites, analyze the dynamic changes of ecological restoration in each zone under time series, and evaluate the degree of ecological restoration in each zone of abandoned mine sites; The suitability of the current ecological restoration plan will be judged by the degree of ecological restoration in each zone, and the ecological restoration plan will be adjusted and updated based on the judgment results; The degradation characteristics of abandoned mine land within the target range are obtained through historical data retrieval. Based on the degradation characteristics, the abandoned mine land within the target range is divided into several zones, specifically: Obtaining historical monitoring data on geology, hydrology, and plant cover within the target range of the abandoned mine, performing data cleaning on the historical monitoring data, and generating degradation characteristics of the abandoned mine land within the target range based on the pre-processed historical monitoring data; The abandoned mine land within the target range is preliminarily divided according to the preset division standards, and the local degradation characteristics of each abandoned mine land after division are obtained, and the similarity of the local degradation characteristics of each abandoned mine land is compared; Obtain the similarity deviation of any two abandoned mine plots. When the similarity deviation is less than a preset deviation threshold, they are classified into the same partition. After the comparison of the abandoned mine plots is completed, the partition result is overwritten with the preliminary division of the abandoned mine land to obtain several partitions. Ecological restoration evaluation indicators are screened based on the degradation characteristics of each zone, specifically: The influencing factors of ecological restoration were determined based on the degradation characteristics of each zone of abandoned mine land within the target range and the corresponding historical monitoring data. The significant influencing factors in the determined zones were obtained using principal component analysis, and the principal component scores of the significant influencing factors were calculated as the initial weight information. Obtain case data of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land through data retrieval, obtain evaluation indicators of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land in the case data, set the frequency threshold of the evaluation indicator, and calculate the frequency of occurrence of each evaluation indicator in the case data; Selecting evaluation indicators whose occurrence frequency is greater than the occurrence frequency threshold, and generating a preliminary set of evaluation indicators based on the selected evaluation indicators; Using a dynamic clustering algorithm, the evaluation index of each zone is selected from the preliminary selection set of evaluation indexes according to the significant influencing factors of each zone of the abandoned mine land within the target range; The significant influencing factors of each partition are used as the initial cluster centers, and the similarity between each evaluation indicator in the preliminary selection set of evaluation indicators and the initial cluster centers is calculated. The evaluation indicators are sorted according to the similarity, and the evaluation indicators are assigned to the initial cluster centers with the largest similarity to generate clustering results. After all the evaluation indicators in the preliminary selection set are divided, the average similarity of the evaluation indicators in each clustering result corresponding to each significant influencing factor is calculated as the new cluster center to continue iteration. When the number of iterations is met, the final clustering result is obtained; Calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between each evaluation indicator and each significant influencing factor in the final clustering results and sorting them, and selecting a preset number of evaluation indicators as evaluation indicators for ecological restoration evaluation in each subarea based on the initial weight information of each significant influencing factor; The adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan is judged by the degree of ecological restoration in each zone, and the ecological restoration plan is adjusted and updated based on the judgment results. Specifically: Evaluate the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan for each zone based on the changes in the ecological restoration degree and restoration time of each zone; When the fitness is less than the preset fitness threshold, it is proved that the ecological restoration degree of the partition does not meet the preset standard, and the partition is divided into an abnormal partition, and the environmental characteristics of the current environmental monitoring data in the abnormal partition are obtained; The environmental characteristics of the normal partition in the mine wasteland within the target range are obtained as the standard environmental characteristics at the current moment, and the deviation coefficient is obtained by the ratio of the corresponding characteristic values of the degradation characteristics of the selected normal partition and the abnormal partition; Calculate the characteristic deviation between the current environmental characteristics of the abnormal partition and the standard environmental characteristics, and combine the characteristic deviation with the deviation coefficient to obtain the final characteristic deviation of the abnormal partition; Importing the environmental characteristics of the current environmental monitoring data in the abnormal partition and the final characteristic deviation of the abnormal partition into the relevant knowledge graph, and obtaining the ecological restoration problem of the abnormal partition during the current ecological restoration period according to the relevant knowledge graph; The ecological restoration problem is searched using similarity calculation to obtain knowledge data that meets the preset similarity standards, and ecological control plans are obtained based on the knowledge data. The control plans are then screened based on the difficulty of feasibility and the degree of matching and integration with the current ecological restoration plan.

2. A mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: Construct an ecological restoration evaluation model for abandoned mine sites and use the collected environmental data to evaluate the ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites. Specifically: Obtain the evaluation indicators of ecological restoration evaluation for each zone, establish a comprehensive evaluation model for ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites within the target range based on the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and determine the indicator weights of the evaluation indicators through the analytic hierarchy process; Determine a set of evaluation factors for ecological restoration of abandoned mine land within the target range based on the evaluation indicators, preset a comprehensive evaluation level for ecological restoration of abandoned mine land, and determine the membership of the evaluation factors to each evaluation level based on the membership function to obtain a membership matrix; The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results are obtained using the collected environmental data according to the membership matrix and the indicator weights, and a comprehensive evaluation grade for the ecological restoration evaluation of abandoned mine sites within the target range is generated.

3. The mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dynamic changes of ecological restoration in each sub-area under time series were analyzed, and the degree of ecological restoration of each sub-area of each mine wasteland was evaluated, specifically; According to the timestamp matching of the environmental monitoring data, the comprehensive ecological restoration evaluation level is used to obtain the ecological restoration time series of each zone of the abandoned mine land within the target range. The membership changes of the evaluation factors in the ecological restoration evaluation of each zone to each evaluation level are obtained through the time series, and the ecological restoration degree of each zone is obtained; The restoration trend of ecological restoration in each subarea within a preset time period is obtained and analyzed according to the time series, which is used as the restoration trend standard within the preset time period. Whether the current restoration trend meets the restoration trend standard is determined by a preset time interval. If not, an early warning message is generated.

4. A mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis system based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that: The system includes: a memory and a processor. The memory includes a mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method program based on environmental monitoring. When the mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis method program based on environmental monitoring is executed by the processor, the following steps are implemented: Obtaining degradation characteristics of abandoned mine land within the target range through historical data retrieval, and dividing the abandoned mine land within the target range into several zones according to the degradation characteristics; Screening ecological restoration evaluation indicators based on the degradation characteristics of each zone, obtaining environmental monitoring and collection indicators for abandoned mine sites based on the evaluation indicators, and collecting environmental data based on the environmental monitoring and collection indicators; Construct an ecological restoration evaluation model for abandoned mine sites, use the collected environmental data to evaluate the ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites, analyze the dynamic changes of ecological restoration in each zone under time series, and quantify the degree of ecological restoration in each zone of each abandoned mine site; The suitability of the current ecological restoration plan will be judged by the degree of ecological restoration in each zone, and the ecological restoration plan will be adjusted and updated based on the judgment results; The degradation characteristics of abandoned mine land within the target range are obtained through historical data retrieval. Based on the degradation characteristics, the abandoned mine land within the target range is divided into several zones, specifically: Obtaining historical monitoring data on geology, hydrology, and plant cover within the target range of the abandoned mine, performing data cleaning on the historical monitoring data, and generating degradation characteristics of the abandoned mine land within the target range based on the pre-processed historical monitoring data; The abandoned mine land within the target range is preliminarily divided according to the preset division standards, and the local degradation characteristics of each abandoned mine land after division are obtained, and the similarity of the local degradation characteristics of each abandoned mine land is compared; Obtain the similarity deviation of any two abandoned mine plots. When the similarity deviation is less than a preset deviation threshold, they are classified into the same partition. After the comparison of the abandoned mine plots is completed, the partition result is overwritten with the preliminary division of the abandoned mine land to obtain several partitions. Ecological restoration evaluation indicators are screened based on the degradation characteristics of each zone, specifically: The influencing factors of ecological restoration were determined based on the degradation characteristics of each zone of abandoned mine land within the target range and the corresponding historical monitoring data. The significant influencing factors in the determined zones were obtained using principal component analysis, and the principal component scores of the significant influencing factors were calculated as the initial weight information. Obtain case data of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land through data retrieval, obtain evaluation indicators of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land in the case data, set the frequency threshold of the evaluation indicator, and calculate the frequency of occurrence of each evaluation indicator in the case data; Selecting evaluation indicators whose occurrence frequency is greater than the occurrence frequency threshold, and generating a preliminary set of evaluation indicators based on the selected evaluation indicators; Using a dynamic clustering algorithm, the evaluation index of each zone is selected from the preliminary selection set of evaluation indexes according to the significant influencing factors of each zone of the abandoned mine land within the target range; The significant influencing factors of each partition are used as the initial cluster centers, and the similarity between each evaluation indicator in the preliminary selection set of evaluation indicators and the initial cluster centers is calculated. The evaluation indicators are sorted according to the similarity, and the evaluation indicators are assigned to the initial cluster centers with the largest similarity to generate clustering results. After all the evaluation indicators in the preliminary selection set are divided, the average similarity of the evaluation indicators in each clustering result corresponding to each significant influencing factor is calculated as the new cluster center to continue iteration. When the number of iterations is met, the final clustering result is obtained; Calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between each evaluation indicator and each significant influencing factor in the final clustering results and sorting them, and selecting a preset number of evaluation indicators as evaluation indicators for ecological restoration evaluation in each subarea based on the initial weight information of each significant influencing factor; The adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan is judged by the degree of ecological restoration in each zone, and the ecological restoration plan is adjusted and updated based on the judgment results. Specifically: Evaluate the adaptability of the current ecological restoration plan for each zone based on the changes in the ecological restoration degree and restoration time of each zone; When the fitness is less than the preset fitness threshold, it is proved that the ecological restoration degree of the partition does not meet the preset standard, and the partition is divided into an abnormal partition, and the environmental characteristics of the current environmental monitoring data in the abnormal partition are obtained; The environmental characteristics of the normal partition in the mine wasteland within the target range are obtained as the standard environmental characteristics at the current moment, and the deviation coefficient is obtained by the ratio of the corresponding characteristic values of the degradation characteristics of the selected normal partition and the abnormal partition; Calculate the characteristic deviation between the current environmental characteristics of the abnormal partition and the standard environmental characteristics, and combine the characteristic deviation with the deviation coefficient to obtain the final characteristic deviation of the abnormal partition; Importing the environmental characteristics of the current environmental monitoring data in the abnormal partition and the final characteristic deviation of the abnormal partition into the relevant knowledge graph, and obtaining the ecological restoration problem of the abnormal partition during the current ecological restoration period according to the relevant knowledge graph; The ecological restoration problem is searched using similarity calculation to obtain knowledge data that meets the preset similarity standards, and ecological control plans are obtained based on the knowledge data. The control plans are then screened based on the difficulty of feasibility and the degree of matching and integration with the current ecological restoration plan.

5. A mine ecological restoration evaluation and analysis system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that: Construct an ecological restoration evaluation model for abandoned mine sites and use the collected environmental data to evaluate the ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites. Specifically: Obtain the evaluation indicators of ecological restoration evaluation for each zone, establish a comprehensive evaluation model for ecological restoration of abandoned mine sites within the target range based on the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and determine the indicator weights of the evaluation indicators through the analytic hierarchy process; Determine a set of evaluation factors for ecological restoration of abandoned mine land within the target range based on the evaluation indicators, preset a comprehensive evaluation level for ecological restoration of abandoned mine land, and determine the membership of the evaluation factors to each evaluation level based on the membership function to obtain a membership matrix; The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results are obtained using the collected environmental data according to the membership matrix and the indicator weights, and a comprehensive evaluation grade for the ecological restoration evaluation of abandoned mine sites within the target range is generated.

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