battery pack

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage equipment, and discloses a battery pack comprising a case, a plurality of single cells and a plurality of thermal management components, wherein the case has an installation cavity inside, and the case has a first direction; the plurality of single cells are stacked at least along the first direction in the installation cavity; the thermal management component comprises a first thermal management plate and a second thermal management plate, the second thermal management plate and the first thermal management plate are stacked along the first direction to form an expansion space, and a flow channel is provided inside the first thermal management plate and / or the second thermal management plate; wherein the thermal management component is provided between at least some adjacent single cells to dissipate heat for the single cells, and an expansion space is formed along the first direction between the first thermal management plate and the second thermal management plate stacked between adjacent single cells, and the expansion space can absorb the expansion deformation of the single cells along the first direction, thereby helping the single cells and the battery pack to operate stably.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] Battery packs typically incorporate liquid cooling plates at the bottom of individual cells to dissipate heat. However, this cooling solution cannot dissipate heat directly from the center of the cells, resulting in large temperature differences within the cells, impacting their performance and service life. Other solutions in this field employ liquid cooling plates between cells to directly conduct heat to adjacent cells, effectively reducing internal temperature differences. However, cells typically expand during operation. If this expansion cannot be effectively relieved, it can cause compression of the internal electrodes, increasing local stress and deteriorating overall battery pack performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a battery pack that can effectively dissipate heat and absorb the expansion and deformation of single cells.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present application, a battery pack includes a case, multiple single cells and multiple thermal management components, the case has an installation cavity inside, and the case has a first direction; multiple single cells are arranged in the installation cavity at least along the first direction; the thermal management component includes a first thermal management plate and a second thermal management plate, the second thermal management plate is stacked with the first thermal management plate along the first direction, and the first thermal management plate and the second thermal management plate are configured to be able to move relative to each other along the first direction; wherein the thermal management component is arranged between at least some adjacent single cells, and the first thermal management plate and the second thermal management plate in the thermal management component are respectively connected to adjacent single cells.

[0005] The battery pack of the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: the thermal management component is arranged between at least some adjacent single cells to dissipate heat for the single cells, and the first thermal management plate and the second thermal management plate arranged between the adjacent single cells can move relative to each other along the first direction, thereby absorbing the expansion and deformation of the single cells along the first direction, which helps to improve the overall performance of the battery pack.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first thermal management plate includes a first substrate and a first protrusion, the first protrusion extending from one side of the first substrate toward the second thermal management plate; the second thermal management plate is provided with a second avoidance portion on the side facing the first substrate, the first protrusion is inserted into the second avoidance portion, and the first substrate and the second thermal management plate are configured to be able to move relative to each other along a first direction.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present application, the second thermal management plate includes a second substrate and a plurality of second protrusions, the first substrate and the second substrate are stacked along the first direction, the second protrusions extend from the second substrate toward one side of the first substrate, and the second avoidance portions are formed between adjacent second protrusions, a plurality of first protrusions are provided on the first substrate, and first avoidance portions are formed between adjacent first protrusions, the second protrusions are inserted into the first avoidance portions, and the first substrate and the second substrate are configured to be able to move relative to each other along the first direction.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the second protrusion and the first avoidance portion are configured to be relatively movable along a first direction, and the first protrusion and the second avoidance portion are configured to be relatively movable along the first direction.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the thermal management assembly further includes an elastic member, wherein the elastic member is held between the first thermal management plate and the second thermal management plate.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the second avoiding portion passes through the second substrate along the first direction.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first protrusion is arranged in the second avoidance portion and protrudes from the side of the second substrate away from the first substrate along the first direction, and a limiting portion is provided at the end of the first protrusion away from the first substrate. The size of the limiting portion along the second direction is greater than the size of the second avoidance portion along the second direction, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, along the first direction, the size of the first protrusion is L1 mm, and the size of the first substrate is L2 mm, satisfying: 0<L1 / L2≤10.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, a fourth gap is provided between at least some adjacent single battery cells, and the thermal management component is provided in the fourth gap. Along the first direction, the size of the second thermal management plate is L3 mm, and the size of the fourth gap is L4 mm, satisfying: L2+L3≤L4≤L1+L2+L3.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, along the third direction, the size of the first substrate is D3 mm, the size of the first protrusion is D4 mm, and the following relationship is satisfied: 0.05<D4 / D3<0.95; the third direction intersects with the first direction.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the thermal management assembly further includes a heat-conducting layer, which is disposed between the first thermal management plate and the second thermal management plate, and / or between the thermal management assembly and the single battery.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the thermal management assembly further includes a thermal insulation layer, and the thermal insulation layer is disposed between the first thermal management plate and the second thermal management plate.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the flow channel is provided inside at least one of the first protrusion, the first substrate, and the second heat management plate.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, an adhesive layer is provided between the single battery and the first thermal management plate and / or the second thermal management plate.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, the flow channel is provided inside at least one of the first protrusion, the first substrate, the second protrusion, and the second substrate.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, the single cell has opposite third side walls along the first direction, and the third side wall is the wall with the largest surface area of the single cell; along the first direction, the first thermal management plate and the second thermal management plate are connected to the adjacent third side walls.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management component in a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view along section AA;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of another thermal management component in a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first thermal management plate in a thermal management assembly;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another first thermal management plate in the thermal management assembly;

[0029] Figure 8 is a side view of a thermal management component in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 9 An exploded view of a thermal management component in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 10 is a side view of another thermal management component in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 11 is an exploded view of another thermal management component in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 13 An exploded view of a thermal management component in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of some single cells and thermal management components in the embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 15 for Figure 14 Side view of the illustrated embodiment.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] Thermal management assembly 100;

[0039] First heat management plate 110, first base plate 111, first protrusion 112, first groove 113, first side wall 114, first side surface 115, heat conducting layer 116, heat insulating layer 117, second groove 118, and stopper 119;

[0040] A second heat management plate 120 , a second base plate 121 , a second protruding portion 122 , a second avoiding portion 123 , a second side wall 124 , and a second side surface 125 ;

[0041] flow channel 130 , first gap 140 , second gap 150 , third gap 160 , elastic member 170 , fourth gap 180 ;

[0042] Single battery 200 , third side wall 201 , box body 300 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept and technical effects of this application in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are all within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, if orientation descriptions are involved, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, if a certain feature is referred to as being “set,” “fixed,” “connected,” or “installed” on another feature, it may be directly set, fixed, or connected on the other feature, or it may be indirectly set, fixed, connected, or installed on the other feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, if “several” is involved, it means more than one; if “multiple” is involved, it means more than two; if “greater than,” “less than,” or “exceeds” is involved, it should be understood as not including the number itself; if “above,” “below,” or “within” is involved, it should be understood as including the number itself. If “first” or “second” is involved, it should be understood as being used to distinguish technical features, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0046] In the embodiments of the present application, "parallel" refers to the state where the angle formed by two lines, a line and a plane, or two planes is between -1° and 1°. Furthermore, "perpendicular" refers to the state where the angle formed by two lines, a line and a plane, or two planes is between 89° and 91°. Equal distances refer to the state where the tolerance range is between -1% and 1%.

[0047] The present application proposes a battery pack that effectively dissipates heat by providing a thermal management component within the stacked cells. Furthermore, the thermal management component is provided with expansion space to effectively absorb the expansion and deformation of the cells, thereby effectively preventing the cells from squeezing each other and then back-squeezing onto the internal winding core or pole pieces, causing localized stress increases and deteriorating electrochemical performance. The following describes the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0048] refer to Figures 1 to 3The embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack, including a housing 300, a plurality of single cells 200, and a plurality of thermal management components 100. The housing 300 has an installation cavity inside. The housing 300 has a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction that intersect with each other. Preferably, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. The plurality of single cells 200 are arranged in the installation cavity at least along the first direction. The plurality of single cells 200 can be connected in series or in parallel. A thermal management component 100 is provided between at least some adjacent single cells 200. For example, referring to Figure 1 Each single cell 200 is a module, and a thermal management component 100 is provided between each module, or, referring to Figure 2 Two single cells 200 serve as a module, and a thermal management assembly 100 is disposed between each module. That is, in other embodiments, each module may include other numbers of single cells 200 .

[0049] The thermal management component 100 is used to conduct heat to the single battery 200. In some embodiments, the thermal management component 100 is a structure made of a thermally conductive material, and directly dissipates heat from the single battery 200 through the thermally conductive material.

[0050] In other embodiments, a flow channel is provided inside the thermal management component 100 , and a temperature control medium flows through the flow channel, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation of the single battery 200 through the temperature control medium.

[0051] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The thermal management assembly 100 includes a first thermal management plate 110 and a second thermal management plate 120. The first thermal management plate 110 is connected to an adjacent single battery 200, and the second thermal management plate 120 is connected to an adjacent single battery 200. Both the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 are provided with flow channels 130. Thus, the thermal management assembly 100 can conduct heat to the single battery 200 by passing a temperature-control medium into the flow channels 130, thereby achieving good thermal management.

[0052] In other embodiments, the thermal management assembly 100 includes a first thermal management plate 110 and a second thermal management plate 120 , and only the first thermal management plate 110 is provided with the flow channel 130 ; or only the second thermal management plate 120 is provided with the flow channel 130 .

[0053] In this embodiment, the second thermal management plate 120 and the first thermal management plate 110 are stacked along a first direction and are configured to move relative to each other along the first direction. Therefore, when the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 move closer together, they can absorb the expansion and deformation of the single battery 200 along the first direction, helping to buffer the local stress of the single battery 200, avoiding poor circulation caused by compression of the internal electrode of the single battery 200, and improving the overall performance of the battery pack.

[0054] In some embodiments, the second thermal management plate 120 is stacked with the first thermal management plate 110 along the first direction to form an expansion space. The expansion space serves as a space for relative movement between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120. It is understandable that the expansion space may exist when the single cell 200 has not expanded, that is, the size of the top cover of the single cell 200 along the first direction is equal to the size of the middle part of the single cell 200 along the first direction; when the single cell 200 has expanded, the size of the top cover of the single cell 200 along the first direction is smaller than the size of the middle part of the single cell 200 along the first direction. At this time, the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 have moved closer to each other, and the expansion space may be completely occupied, that is, the thermal management assembly 100 absorbs the expansion of the single cell 200, or the expansion space may be partially occupied, in which case the expansion space partially exists. For ease of understanding, the following description describes a state in which the single battery 200 has not expanded. In actual applications, the expansion space between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 may be completely occupied. However, the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 can still move toward or away from each other along the first direction when subjected to force, which is also within the scope of this solution.

[0055] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4In some embodiments, the first heat management plate 110 includes a first substrate 111 and a first protrusion 112. The first protrusion 112 extends from one side of the first substrate 111 toward the second heat management plate 120, that is, the first protrusion 112 extends along the first direction; the second heat management plate 120 is provided with a second avoidance portion 123 on the side facing the first substrate 111, and the first protrusion 112 is inserted into the second avoidance portion 123. The first substrate 111 and the second heat management plate 120 are configured to be able to move relative to each other along the first direction. Specifically, the first substrate 111 and the second heat management plate 120 may have a fifth gap along the first direction, wherein the first protrusion 112 and the second avoidance portion 123 can achieve the first The first protrusion 112 is configured to deform along the first direction when subjected to force to limit the position between the thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120. The first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 form a plug-in structure to ensure structural stability between the two. In addition, the first protrusion 112 is inserted into the second avoidance portion 123 to reduce the space occupied by the first thermal management plate 110 in the first direction, which is beneficial to improving the space utilization of the battery pack. Due to the fifth gap between the first substrate 111 and the second thermal management plate 120, when the single battery 200 expands, the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 move closer to each other along the first direction to absorb the expansion.

[0056] In some embodiments, a gap exists between the first protrusion 112 and the second avoidance portion 123 in the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect, thereby reducing friction when the first protrusion 112 and the second avoidance portion 123 move relative to each other.

[0057] refer to Figures 5 to 8In some embodiments, the second thermal management plate 120 includes a second substrate 121 and a plurality of second protrusions 122. The first substrate 111 and the second substrate 121 are stacked along a first direction. The first substrate 111 and the second substrate 121 are configured to move relative to each other along the first direction. Specifically, a first gap 140 may be provided between the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 121 along the first direction. The first gap 140 may form an expansion space between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120. The first gap 140 may absorb the expansion and deformation of the single battery 200. When the single battery 200 expands along the first direction, it squeezes the first substrate 111 or the second substrate 121, reducing the first gap 140. This absorbs the expansion and deformation of the single battery 200. The first substrate 111 and the second substrate 121 withstand the expansion force of the single battery 200. Optionally, the second protrusion 122 extends from the second substrate 121 toward one side of the first substrate 111, and a second avoidance portion 123 is formed between adjacent second protrusions 122. The first substrate 111 is provided with a plurality of first protrusions 112, and a first avoidance portion is formed between adjacent first protrusions 112. The second protrusion 122 is inserted into the first avoidance portion, and the second protrusion 122 and the first avoidance portion have a sixth gap along the first direction. The first avoidance portion and the second protrusion 122 can realize the limitation between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120. The first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 form a plug-in structure to improve the structural stability of the thermal management component 100. In addition, the first protrusion 112 is inserted into the second avoidance portion 123 and the second protrusion 122. Inserted within the first relief portion, that is, the first protrusion 112 is at least partially accommodated within the second relief portion 123, and the second protrusion 122 is at least partially accommodated within the first relief portion. This can, on the one hand, reduce the space occupied by the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 in the first direction, thereby improving the volume utilization of the battery pack. On the other hand, the second relief portion 123 can guide the first protrusion 112, and the first relief portion can guide the second protrusion 122, allowing the first protrusion 112 to move in the first direction within the second relief portion 123, and the second protrusion 122 to move in the first direction within the first relief portion, allowing the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 to move closer together in the first direction, thereby absorbing the expansion of the single battery cells 200. As another optional embodiment, the second protrusion 122 is configured to deform in the first direction when subjected to force, thereby allowing the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 to move relative to each other.

[0058] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the first protrusion 112 extends along the second direction to at least one side edge of the first substrate 111, and the dimension of the second avoidance portion 123 along the second direction is not less than the dimension of the first protrusion 112 along the second direction. For example, the second avoidance portion 123 may extend along the second direction to both side edges of the second thermal management plate 120, thereby facilitating the insertion of the first protrusion 112. Alternatively, a gap may be provided between the first protrusion 112 and both side edges of the first substrate 111 along the second direction, and the dimension of the second avoidance portion 123 along the second direction is not less than the dimension of the first protrusion 112 along the second direction, thereby facilitating the insertion of the first protrusion 112. The second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction, thereby facilitating the processing and assembly of the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the plurality of second protrusions and the plurality of first protrusions can be realized in various ways, for example, referring to Figure 7 A plurality of first protrusions 112 are arranged on the first substrate 111 at intervals along the second direction, and a first groove 113 is defined between adjacent first protrusions 112; correspondingly, a plurality of second protrusions 122 are arranged on the second substrate 121 at intervals along the second direction, and the position of each second protrusion 122 corresponds one-to-one to each first groove 113, and one second protrusion 122 is correspondingly inserted into one first groove 113; in addition, the plurality of first protrusions 112 are also arranged at intervals along the third direction, and a second groove 118 is defined between adjacent first protrusions 112 along the third direction, and correspondingly, the plurality of second protrusions 122 are arranged on the second substrate 121 at intervals along the third direction, and the position of each second protrusion 122 corresponds to each second groove 118, and the second protrusion 122 is inserted into the second groove 118.

[0060] In other embodiments, the first protrusions 112 may be arranged at intervals only along the second direction or only along the third direction, and correspondingly, the second protrusions 122 may also be arranged at intervals only along the second direction or only along the third direction.

[0061] Among them, multiple first protrusions 112 can be arranged in columns along the second direction and spaced apart from each other, and multiple second protrusions 122 can be arranged in columns along the second direction and spaced apart from each other; multiple columns of first protrusions 112 are spaced apart along the third direction, and multiple columns of second protrusions 122 are spaced apart along the third direction, wherein each first protrusion 112 is aligned with each other along the third direction, and each second protrusion 122 is aligned with each other along the third direction, thereby forming a neat arrangement of multiple rows and columns of the first protrusions 112 and the second protrusions 122; or, each first protrusion 112 is staggered along the third direction, and each second protrusion 122 is staggered along the third direction, thereby forming a staggered arrangement of multiple first protrusions 112 and multiple second protrusions 122.

[0062] In the above embodiment, the second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction, and the third direction may be perpendicular to the first and second directions, thereby forming a horizontal and vertical arrangement of the protrusions and grooves relative to the single battery 200. Alternatively, the second direction may form an acute or obtuse angle with the first direction, and the angle between the third direction and the first and second directions may also be an acute or obtuse angle, thereby forming a staggered arrangement of the protrusions and grooves. The specific arrangement can be reasonably configured according to actual processing and installation requirements.

[0063] In other embodiments, the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 121 are configured to move relative to each other along a first direction, the second protrusion 122 and the first avoidance portion are also configured to move relative to each other along the first direction, and the first protrusion 112 and the second avoidance portion 123 are also configured to move relative to each other along the first direction, thereby enabling the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 to move relative to each other as a whole. Specifically, a gap may be formed between the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 121 along the first direction, a gap may be formed between the second protrusion 122 and the first avoidance portion along the first direction, and a gap may be formed between the first protrusion 112 and the second avoidance portion 123 along the first direction.

[0064] Specifically, a corresponding gap may be provided between the first protrusion 112 and the second substrate 121, or between the second protrusion 122 and the first substrate 111, to form a corresponding expansion space. For example, referring to Figure 8 The first avoidance portion is provided with a first side wall 114, and along the first direction, a second gap 150 is provided between the second protrusion 122 and the first side wall 114, and the second gap 150 forms an expansion space, so that the second protrusion 122 and the first avoidance portion can move relative to each other along the first direction; the second avoidance portion 123 has a second side wall 124, and a third gap 160 is provided between the second side wall 124 and the first protrusion 112, and the third gap 160 forms an expansion space, so that the first protrusion 112 and the second avoidance portion 123 can move relative to each other along the first direction, that is, in this embodiment, the first gap 140, the second gap 150 and the third gap 160 together form an expansion space. When the single cell 200 expands along the first direction, the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 121 are squeezed and moved closer to each other, causing the first protrusion 112 to further extend into the second avoidance portion 123. Similarly, the second protrusion 122 further extends into the first avoidance portion, thereby reducing the second gap 150 and the third gap 160. This achieves the absorption of the expansion and deformation of the single cell 200, and the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 121 withstand the expansion force of the single cell 200.

[0065] In other embodiments, only the second gap 150 or the third gap 160 may be formed.

[0066] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the thermal management assembly 100 further includes an elastic member 170, which is disposed between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120. That is, the elastic member 170 abuts against the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120, and can generate a force along a first direction on the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 to drive the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 to move apart. Thus, when the single battery 200 expands and deforms, the elastic member 170 absorbs the expansion force thereof, and causes the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 to move apart during the process of reducing the expansion and deformation of the single battery 200, thereby helping to maintain the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 in contact with the single battery 200, respectively, thereby ensuring the thermal conductivity efficiency of the single battery 200. Based on the above embodiment, the elastic member 170 can be set at any position between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120. For example, the elastic member 170 can be set at at least one of the first gap 140, the second gap 150 and the third gap 160. The elastic member 170 can be connected to the first thermal management plate 110 or the second thermal management plate 120 or be separately set between the two. Specifically, in some embodiments, refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 An elastic member 170 is disposed in the second gap 150 formed between the second protruding portion 122 and the first side wall 114, and the elastic member 170 abuts between the first side wall 114 and the second protruding portion 122. Alternatively, an elastic member 170 is disposed in the third gap 160 formed between the first protruding portion 112 and the second side wall 124, and the elastic member 170 abuts between the second side wall 124 and the first protruding portion 112. Alternatively, both the second gap 150 and the third gap 160 are provided with the aforementioned elastic member 170. The elastic member 170 may be made of a material having elastic deformation properties, for example, foam, a spring, or a metal shrapnel. Because the elastic member 170 is disposed between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120, the sides of the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 facing away from each other abut against the individual cells 200. This prevents the elastic member 170 from interfering with heat conduction between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 and the individual cells 200.

[0067] refer to Figure 10In some embodiments of the battery pack, the second avoidance portion 123 passes through the second substrate 121 along the first direction, so that the end of the first protrusion 112 away from the first substrate 111 along the first direction is not blocked. When the size of the second thermal management plate 120 along the first direction remains unchanged, the travel of the first protrusion 112 within the second avoidance portion 123 can be increased, thereby increasing the expansion space of the thermal management assembly 100. The first protrusion 112 can pass through the second relief portion 123 to the side of the second thermal management plate 120 facing away from the first substrate 111. A limiting structure is used to limit the position of the end of the first protrusion 112 facing away from the first substrate 111. For example, in some embodiments, the first protrusion 112 passes through the second relief portion 123 and protrudes in the first direction beyond the side of the second substrate 121 facing away from the first substrate 111. A limiting portion 119 is provided at the end of the first protrusion 112 facing away from the first substrate 111. A dimension D1 of the limiting portion 119 along the second direction is greater than a dimension D2 of the second relief portion 123 along the second direction. This limits the position of the first protrusion 112 in the first direction, thereby limiting the maximum distance between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 and preventing the first protrusion 112 from separating from the second relief portion 123. D1 and D2 can be obtained by taking multiple measurements with a vernier caliper and calculating the average value.

[0068] refer to Figure 11In some embodiments of the battery pack, along the first direction, the size of the first protrusion 112 is L1 mm, and the size of the first substrate 111 is L2 mm, satisfying the following: 0<L1 / L2≤10. Within this ratio range, the first thermal management plate 110 can be ensured to have sufficient dimensions along the first direction to meet structural strength and thermal conductivity requirements. At the same time, the first thermal management plate 110 can be stably plugged into the second avoidance portion 123 of the second thermal management plate 120 through the first protrusion 112, ensuring the positional stability of the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120. The specific ratio can be reasonably configured according to the internal space of the battery pack, thermal conductivity requirements, etc. For example, L1 / L2 can take the values of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10 or any other value between 0 and 10 (excluding 0). In some embodiments, the value range of L1:L2 can be 0.5 to 5, which can be applied to most battery packs, helping to optimize the thermal management of the battery pack and absorb the expansion and deformation of the single cells 200 in the battery pack. Among them, L1 is the distance from the side wall of the first substrate 111 close to the first protrusion 112 to the end of the first protrusion 112 away from the first substrate 111, which can be obtained by calculating the average value after multiple measurements using a vernier caliper, ruler, laser measuring instrument, etc.; L2 is the distance between the two side walls of the first substrate 111 along the first direction, which can be obtained by calculating the average value after multiple measurements using a vernier caliper, ruler, laser measuring instrument, etc.

[0069] refer to Figure 12In some embodiments of the battery pack, a fourth gap 180 is defined between at least some adjacent cells 200. The thermal management assembly 100 is positioned within the fourth gap 180. Along the first direction, the second thermal management plate 120 has a dimension of L3 mm, and the fourth gap 180 has a dimension of L4 mm, satisfying the following relationship: L2 + L3 ≤ L4 ≤ L1 + L2 + L3. Within this dimension range, the thermal management assembly 100 is easily accommodated, occupying an appropriate amount of space. Furthermore, the placement of the thermal management assembly 100 within the fourth gap 180 creates a suitable expansion space and limits expansion and deformation of the cells 200 within a reasonable range, helping to maintain optimal performance of the cells 200 and thereby ensuring the lifespan of the battery pack. Furthermore, the first protrusion 112 can be partially inserted into the second relief 123, allowing the first protrusion 112 to move within the second relief 123 along the first direction when the cells 200 expand and compress the thermal management assembly 100, guided by the second relief 123. Among them, L3 is the maximum distance between the two side walls of the second thermal management plate 120 along the first direction, that is, in this embodiment, the sum of the dimensions of the second substrate 121 and the second protrusion 122 along the first direction is L3, which can be obtained by calculating the average value after multiple measurements using a vernier caliper, a ruler, a laser measuring instrument, etc.

[0070] In other embodiments, L2+L3<L4<L1+L2+L3, so that the thermal management assembly 100 can be better installed with the single battery 200, and the first protrusion 112 and the second avoidance portion 123 in the installed thermal management assembly 100 have a reliable plug-in fit.

[0071] In some embodiments, the third direction intersects the first direction. Along the third direction, the dimension of the first substrate 111 is D3 mm, and the dimension of the first protrusion 112 is D4 mm, satisfying the following: 0.05 ≤ D4 / D3 ≤ 0.95. For example, D4 / D3 can be any value among 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, or 0.95, or a range between any two values. Within this ratio range, the second relief portion 123 can have a sufficient capacity to accommodate the first protrusion 112, thereby reducing the space occupied by the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 in the first direction after assembly, and ensuring a reliable connection between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120. In an embodiment where a channel is provided in the first protrusion 112 and / or the second protrusion 122 (this embodiment will be described later), a larger value of this ratio indicates that the width of the first protrusion 112 or the second protrusion 122 is larger, resulting in a larger space. Therefore, a larger space is available for the flow channel 130, thereby achieving better thermal conductivity and better thermal safety of the battery pack. However, in this case, the strength of the second thermal management plate 120 is lower, affecting the overall restraining ability of the thermal management assembly 100 for the single cells 200. A smaller value of this ratio indicates that the space occupied by the first protrusion 112 or the second protrusion 122 is smaller, resulting in a smaller space for the flow channel 130, poorer thermal conductivity, and poorer overall thermal safety of the battery pack. However, in this case, the strength of the second thermal management plate 120 is higher, resulting in better overall restraining ability of the thermal management assembly 100 for the single cells 200 and better overall structural reliability of the battery pack. Therefore, when 0.05≤D4 / D3≤0.95 is satisfied, both thermal safety and structural reliability of the battery pack can be achieved.

[0072] refer to Figure 13 In some embodiments, the thermal management assembly 100 further includes a heat-conducting layer 116 , which is disposed between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 . Specifically, the heat-conducting layer 116 can be disposed on the first thermal management plate 110 , or on the second thermal management plate 120 , or on both the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 . Alternatively, the heat-conducting layer 116 can be an independent component and sandwiched between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 .

[0073] In other embodiments, the thermal conductive layer 116 is disposed between the single cell 200 and the thermal management assembly 100. That is, the thermal conductive layer 116 can be disposed as an independent component between the single cell 200 and the first thermal management plate 110 or the second thermal management plate 20, or can be directly attached to a side wall of the first thermal management plate 110 or the second thermal management plate 120 close to the single cell 200.

[0074] More specifically, in this embodiment, at least one of the first protrusion 112 and the first substrate 111 has a first side surface 115 on the side facing the second thermal management plate 120, on which a thermal conductive layer 116 is disposed. Alternatively, at least one of the second protrusion 122 and the second substrate 121 has a second side surface 125 on the side facing the first thermal management plate 110, on which a thermal conductive layer 116 is disposed. Thus, heat can be conducted between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 via the thermal conductive layer 116, enabling the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 to simultaneously dissipate heat from two adjacent battery cells 200, thereby reducing the temperature difference between adjacent battery cells 200 and improving the thermal safety of the battery pack. It is understood that the thermal conductive layer 116 can be disposed on both the first side surface 115 and the second side surface 125.

[0075] refer to Figure 13 In some embodiments, the thermal management assembly 100 further includes a thermal insulation layer 117, which is disposed between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120. In some embodiments, the thermal insulation layer 117 is disposed on the side of the second thermal management plate 120 facing the first thermal management plate 110; or, the thermal insulation layer 117 is disposed on the side of the first thermal management plate 110 facing the second thermal management plate 120; or, the thermal insulation layer 117 is disposed on both the side of the first thermal management plate 110 facing the second thermal management plate 120 and the side of the second thermal management plate 120 facing the first thermal management plate 110. For example, at least one of the first protrusion 112 and the first substrate 111 has a first side surface 115 on the side facing the second thermal management plate 120, and a thermal insulation layer 117 is provided on the first side surface 115; alternatively, at least one of the second protrusion 122 and the second substrate 121 has a second side surface 125 on the side facing the first thermal management plate 110, and a thermal insulation layer 117 is provided on the second side surface 125; or alternatively, both the first side surface 115 and the second side surface 125 are provided with a thermal insulation layer 117. Thus, the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 are thermally insulated by the thermal insulation layer 117, and the two liquid cooling plates in the thermal management assembly 100 dissipate heat from the battery cells 200 on either side, thereby reducing the risk of heat diffusion between adjacent battery cells 200.

[0076] In other embodiments, the thermal insulation layer 117 is an independent component and is sandwiched between the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 .

[0077] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation layer 117 may be made of at least one of plastic, aerogel, foam, rubber, ceramic, ceramic silicone rubber, fiberglass, and phenolic foam.

[0078] In some embodiments, the thermal conductive layer 116 may be made of at least one of thermal conductive adhesive, thermal conductive paste, phase change thermal conductive material, or thermal conductive pad.

[0079] In some embodiments, a flow channel 130 is disposed inside at least one of the second protrusion 122 and the second substrate 121 .

[0080] refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, a flow channel 130 is disposed within at least one of the first protrusion 112, the first substrate 111, the second protrusion 122, and the second substrate 121. Preferably, in this embodiment, the flow channels 130 are all disposed within the first protrusion 112, the first substrate 111, the second protrusion 122, and the second substrate 121. By passing a temperature-control medium, such as a coolant, through the flow channels 130 of the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120, the enhanced thermal management assembly 100 can absorb the expansion and deformation of the single battery cells 200 while also enhancing the heat dissipation effect on the single battery cells 200. The presence of the flow channels 130 within the first protrusion 112, the first substrate 111, the second protrusion 122, and the second substrate 121 further enhances heat conduction and helps optimize thermal management of the battery pack.

[0081] In other embodiments, the flow channel 130 may be disposed only in the first protrusion 112 or the first substrate 111 , or in both the first protrusion 112 and the first substrate 111 , depending on heat dissipation requirements.

[0082] In other embodiments, the flow channel 130 may be disposed only in the second protrusion 122 or the second substrate 121 , or inside the second protrusion 122 and the second substrate 121 , as needed.

[0083] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,as well as Figure 14 and Figure 15In some embodiments, the single cell 200 has opposing third side walls 201 along the first direction, and the area of the third side walls 201 is larger than the areas of the remaining side walls of the single cell 200. That is, the third side wall 201 is the wall with the largest surface area of the single cell 200. In the first direction, the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 of the thermal management assembly 100 are respectively connected to the third side walls 201 of adjacent single cells 200. In this way, heat can be conducted to the large surface of the single cell 200 through the thermal management assembly 100, increasing the contact area and improving the heat conduction efficiency. In addition, the temperature difference between the center and the edge of the battery cell can be reduced by properly arranging the flow channel 130. For example, the flow channel 130 can be arranged at a position corresponding to the center of the large surface of the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120, so that heat is directly conducted to the center of the large surface, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the center and the edge of the battery cell.

[0084] In this embodiment, the first thermal management plate 110 and the second thermal management plate 120 are respectively connected to the third side wall 201 of the adjacent single battery cell 200. The first thermal management plate 110 may be in direct contact with the adjacent third side wall 201, or the first thermal management plate 110 and the adjacent third side wall 201 may be in contact with each other through an intermediate medium, for example, the first thermal management plate 110 and the adjacent third side wall 201 are bonded together using adhesive. Similarly, the second thermal management plate 120 and the third side wall 201 may be in direct or indirect contact. Preferably, in this embodiment, an adhesive layer is provided between the single battery cell 200 and the first thermal management plate 110. This ensures a secure connection between the first thermal management plate 110 and the single battery cell 200, allowing for better heat exchange between the two.

[0085] In other embodiments, an adhesive layer is disposed between the single battery 200 and the second thermal management plate 120 .

[0086] In other embodiments, adhesive layers are provided between the second thermal management plate 120, the first thermal management plate 110, and adjacent cells 200. When the thermal management assembly 100 is not expanded or compressed by the cells 200, the first and second thermal management plates 110, 120 are respectively bonded to the sidewalls of the adjacent cells 200 for heat exchange, improving heat exchange efficiency. After the cells 200 expand and compress the thermal management assembly 100, the first and second thermal management plates 110, 120 move toward each other. When the expansion and compression forces of the cells 200 disappear and the thermal management assembly 100 returns to its original state, the first and second thermal management plates 110, 120 deform in a direction away from the thermal management assembly 100 (the recovery direction). Since the first and second thermal management plates 110, 120 are respectively bonded to the cells 200, they follow the cells 200's movement in the recovery direction, allowing the thermal management assembly 100 to also return to its original state.

[0087] It should be noted that in commonly used battery packs, end plates are set at the ends or middle parts of multiple arranged single batteries 200 to absorb expansion and deformation. However, in the battery pack of the embodiment of the present application, the thermal management component 100 arranged between the large surfaces can simultaneously take into account the functions of heat conduction and absorption of expansion and deformation. Therefore, the setting of the end plate can be omitted, thereby reducing the accessories inside the battery pack, which is beneficial to reducing weight and simplifying the assembly process.

[0088] The embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application. In addition, the embodiments of the present application and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: A box body (300) having an installation cavity therein, the box body (300) having a first direction; A plurality of single batteries (200) are arranged in the installation cavity at least along the first direction; A plurality of thermal management components (100), wherein the thermal management components (100) include a first thermal management plate (110) and a second thermal management plate (120), wherein a flow channel (130) is provided inside the first thermal management plate (110) and / or the second thermal management plate (120), wherein the second thermal management plate (120) and the first thermal management plate (110) are stacked along the first direction, wherein the first thermal management plate (110) includes a first substrate (111) and a first protrusion (112), wherein the first protrusion (112) extends from one side of the first substrate (111) toward the second thermal management plate The plate (120) extends; a second avoidance portion (123) is provided on a side of the second heat management plate (120) facing the first substrate (111), the first protrusion (112) is inserted into the second avoidance portion (123), an expansion space is formed between the second heat management plate (120) and the first heat management plate (110), the first substrate (111) and the second heat management plate (120) are configured to be relatively movable along a first direction, and the expansion space serves as a space for relative movement between the first heat management plate (110) and the second heat management plate (120); wherein, The thermal management assembly (100) is provided between at least some of the adjacent single cells (200), and the first thermal management plate (110) and the second thermal management plate (120) in the thermal management assembly (100) are respectively connected to the adjacent single cells (200).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The second heat management plate (120) includes a second substrate (121) and a plurality of second protrusions (122); the first substrate (111) and the second substrate (121) are stacked along the first direction; the second protrusions (122) extend from the second substrate (121) toward one side of the first substrate (111); a second avoidance portion (123) is formed between adjacent second protrusions (122); a plurality of first protrusions (112) are provided on the first substrate (111); a first avoidance portion is formed between adjacent first protrusions (112); the second protrusions (122) are inserted into the first avoidance portion; the first substrate (111) and the second substrate (121) are configured to be relatively movable along the first direction.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: The second protruding portion (122) and the first avoiding portion are configured to be relatively movable along a first direction, and the first protruding portion (112) and the second avoiding portion (123) are configured to be relatively movable along the first direction.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The thermal management assembly (100) further includes an elastic member (170), wherein the elastic member (170) is supported between the first thermal management plate (110) and the second thermal management plate (120).

5. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: The second avoidance portion (123) passes through the second substrate (121) along the first direction.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first protruding portion (112) is inserted into the second avoiding portion (123) and protrudes from the side of the second substrate (121) away from the first substrate (111) along the first direction, and a limiting portion (119) is provided at one end of the first protruding portion (112) away from the first substrate (111), the size of the limiting portion (119) along the second direction is larger than the size of the second avoiding portion (123) along the second direction, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

7. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: Along the first direction, the size of the first protrusion (112) is L1 mm, and the size of the first substrate (111) is L2 mm, satisfying: 0<L1 / L2≤10.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fourth gap (180) is provided between at least some of the adjacent single batteries (200), and the thermal management assembly (100) is provided in the fourth gap (180). Along the first direction, the size of the second thermal management plate (120) is L3 mm, and the size of the fourth gap is L4 mm, wherein the following condition is satisfied: L2+L3≤L4≤L1+L2+L3.

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: Along the third direction, the size of the first substrate (111) is D3 mm, the size of the first protrusion (112) is D4 mm, and the following conditions are satisfied: 0.05≤D4 / D3≤0.95; the third direction intersects with the first direction.

10. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The thermal management assembly (100) further comprises a heat-conducting layer (116), wherein the heat-conducting layer (116) is arranged between the first thermal management plate (110) and the second thermal management plate (120), and / or the heat-conducting layer (116) is arranged between the single battery (200) and the thermal management assembly (100).

11. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The thermal management assembly (100) further comprises a thermal insulation layer (117), wherein the thermal insulation layer (117) is arranged between the first thermal management plate (110) and the second thermal management plate (120).

12. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: A flow channel (130) is provided inside at least one of the first protrusion (112), the first substrate (111) and the second heat management plate (120).

13. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: A flow channel (130) is provided inside at least one of the first protruding portion (112), the first substrate (111), the second protruding portion (122), and the second substrate (121).

14. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: An adhesive layer is provided between the single battery (200) and the first heat management plate (110) and / or the second heat management plate (120).

15. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The single cell (200) has opposite third side walls (201) along the first direction, the third side walls (201) being the wall with the largest surface area of the single cell (200); along the first direction, the first heat management plate (110) and the second heat management plate (120) are respectively connected to adjacent third side walls (201).

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