A kind of air bag polishing device for bearing ring inner and outer circle simultaneously

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of air bag polishing device for bearing ring inner and outer circle simultaneously, and polishing reciprocating mechanism is used to drive air bag polishing system to move up and down;Polishing transmission system is used to drive air bag polishing system to rotate and reciprocate;Air bag polishing system connects polishing transmission system;Clamping device transmission system connects replaceable clamp, for driving workpiece rotation;Replaceable clamp is installed on the clamp shaft above workbench;For driving workpiece uniform speed rotation;Heat treatment module moves up and down by motor and ball screw control.It can realize the super-precision synchronous polishing of different size bearing ring inner and outer circle, and can adjust heating temperature according to the dynamic monitoring results of each point metallographic structure on workpiece surface, by means of local rapid'heating-cooling ', to adapt to polishing conditions of surface organization, and can overcome the positioning error generated by repeated clamping, avoid the damage to machined surface, greatly improve the bearing super-precision machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an airbag polishing device, and more particularly to a device that can simultaneously perform airbag polishing on the inner and outer circles of bearing rings of different sizes. Background Technology

[0002] Developing a highly efficient, ultra-smooth bearing machining technology with no subsurface damage has significant scientific importance and application prospects. To address the current technological bottlenecks, it is necessary to design a bearing ring polishing device that can simultaneously meet the requirements of profile accuracy, surface roughness, and machining efficiency.

[0003] Airbag polishing technology was first proposed in 2000 by Professor DD Walker and others from the London Optical Laboratory and Zeeko Corporation. A traditional airbag tool is an inflatable, hemispherical, flexible airbag with a polishing pad attached to the outer surface of the airbag head. During operation, the airbag polishing head tilts at a certain angle and presses down, making contact with the workpiece surface. Under the rotational motion of the airbag head, polishing fluid enters the processing area, completing material removal. However, because the geometry of traditional airbag polishing tools cannot be directly applied to inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, there is a need to develop an airbag polishing device that can be applied to both the inner and outer circles of bearing rings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the limitations of existing bearing ring polishing technology and provide a polishing device that can simultaneously polish the inner and outer circles of bearing rings of different sizes and perform in-situ inspection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: an airbag polishing device that can be used simultaneously for the inner and outer circles of bearing rings, comprising:

[0006] The polishing reciprocating mechanism, mounted on the base, is used to drive the airbag polishing system to move up and down.

[0007] The polishing transmission system, installed on the polishing reciprocating mechanism, is used to drive the airbag polishing system to rotate while performing reciprocating motion;

[0008] The airbag polishing system is connected to the polishing transmission system. The airbag polishing head is driven by the polishing servo motor to perform airbag polishing on the inner and outer surfaces of the bearing ring simultaneously.

[0009] The clamping device transmission system is located inside the worktable and is connected to replaceable fixtures to drive the workpiece to rotate.

[0010] Replaceable fixtures are mounted on the fixture shaft above the worktable; they are used to drive the workpiece to rotate at a constant speed so that both the inner and outer circles of the bearing ring can be machined, and the size of the fixture can be changed according to the size of different bearing rings.

[0011] The heat treatment module, mounted on the base plate, moves up and down controlled by a motor and ball screw to perform heat treatment on bearing rings of different sizes.

[0012] Furthermore, the polishing reciprocating mechanism consists of a reciprocating servo motor, a ball screw, and a guide rail. The reciprocating servo motor is connected to the airbag polishing system through the ball screw and nut. The reciprocating servo motor controls the airbag polishing system to perform reciprocating motion through the ball screw, so that the polishing contact area is wider and the material removal is more uniform.

[0013] Furthermore, the polishing transmission system comprises a housing, a servo motor, and a gear set. The gear set consists of two fixed gears and two movable gears with bosses, installed in a variable center distance manner. The servo motor is connected to one fixed gear, which serves as the driving gear and receives the input driving force. The other fixed gear is the driven gear, which receives the torque transmitted from the driving gear. The movable gear is connected to an adjustment handle via a slider. The adjustment handle adjusts the slider on the movable gear shaft, causing it to move on the track of the polishing transmission system housing, thereby adjusting the downward pressure of the airbag during polishing.

[0014] Furthermore, a spraying device is installed on the outer casing for spraying polishing liquid during cooling and polishing of the bearing rings after heat treatment; the adjusting handle has a thread in the middle and is connected to the polishing transmission system through a threaded engagement on the outer casing, and the end is connected to a slider on the movable gear shaft; it adopts a single-start thread and automatically locks after reaching the designated position.

[0015] Furthermore, the airbag polishing system is fixed on a movable gear with a boss, and can reciprocate as the driven gear rotates; the airbag polishing head in the airbag polishing system has a thin-film pressure sensor inside.

[0016] Furthermore, the replaceable fixture is a cylindrical fixture, which is evenly installed on the fixture shaft above the worktable; the cylindrical fixture has a slot structure at both ends to fix the workpiece and prevent the workpiece from vibrating during the polishing process; the three cylindrical fixtures move synchronously, driving the workpiece to rotate at a uniform speed.

[0017] Furthermore, the replaceable fixture is connected to a V-frame at its upper end, which controls the installation and clamping of the workpiece and acts as a locking mechanism after the workpiece is clamped.

[0018] Furthermore, the clamping device transmission system consists of a servo motor, a drive gear, a center gear, and three driven gears; the drive gear is directly driven by the servo motor; the center gear is mounted in a shaftless manner, mounted on a pulley via a pulley bracket, and connected to the drive gear and the three driven gears, and the center gear is a hollow gear; the three driven gears simultaneously contact the center gear, and the shaft of the driven gear is connected to a replaceable fixture, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate.

[0019] Furthermore, the heat treatment module includes a motor, a lead screw, and a tower bearing heater; the motor is connected to the tower bearing heater via the lead screw, and the motor controls the tower bearing heater to move up and down via the lead screw; the temperature is controlled by a computer, and the heat treatment is carried out by air cooling or water cooling via a spray device.

[0020] Furthermore, a laser probe is mounted on the base plate. The laser probe samples and measures at each spatial point along the planned path and transmits the measurement data to the computer. A worktable is mounted on the base plate, and the worktable has a track and slider with an openable sliding cover. After the sliding cover is opened, the heat treatment module can be raised. The track and slider are the moving tracks of the fixture working shaft during workpiece loading and unloading.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] This invention employs a variable-pitch, stable-meshing transmission device based on a combination of movable and fixed gears in the polishing transmission system. The two airbag heads rotate at the same speed, and the two movable gears are relatively independent, facilitating adjustment of the polishing head's downward pressure. The invention also incorporates a cylindrical, replaceable fixture on the worktable, which, in conjunction with the gear set of the clamping device's transmission system, allows the bearing rings to rotate, thus achieving synchronous polishing of the bearing rings' inner and outer diameters. A laser probe on the machine tool samples and measures at each spatial point along a planned path and transmits the measurement data to a computer. The heat treatment module dynamically adjusts the heating temperature based on the surface metallographic structure analyzed by the laser detection device. This invention integrates airbag polishing, heat treatment, and in-situ detection into a single unit. Its simple structure allows for different processing methods to meet varying requirements, avoiding multiple positioning steps during processing, reducing the introduction of processing errors, and simultaneously satisfying requirements for profile accuracy, surface roughness, and processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a main sectional view of the structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the polishing transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the clamping transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] In the diagram: 1-Base; 2-Guide rail; 3-Nut; 4-Ball screw; 5-Reciprocating servo motor; 6-Left adjustment handle; 7-Polishing transmission system housing; 8-Polishing servo motor; 9-Airbag polishing head; 10-Right adjustment handle; 11-V-frame; 12-Workpiece; 13-Clamping shaft; 14-Cylindrical replaceable clamp; 15-Laser probe; 16-Worktable; 17-Worktable housing; 18-Clamping system servo motor; 19-Tower bearing heater; 20-Heating module motor; 21-Driving gear one; 22-Fixed gear; 23-Right movable gear; 24-Slider; 25-Left movable gear; 26-Clamping device transmission system driven gear one; 27-Worktable base plate; 28-Worktable support; 29-Clamping device transmission system driven gear two; 30-Pulley; 31-Clamping device transmission system driving gear; 32-Clamping device transmission system driven gear three. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0029] See Figures 1 to 4 The embodiments of the present invention include a bearing ring double-sided airbag polishing process system, heat treatment function, and in-situ detection function; different process treatments can be performed according to different processing requirements without affecting the structure and accuracy of other devices.

[0030] The airbag polishing device of this invention, which can be used for polishing both the inner and outer circles of bearing rings, includes a base 1, a guide rail 2, a nut 3, a ball screw 4, a reciprocating servo motor 5, a left adjustment handle 6, a polishing transmission system housing 7, a polishing servo motor 8, an airbag polishing head 9, a right adjustment handle 10, a V-frame 11, a workpiece 12, a clamping shaft 13, a cylindrical replaceable clamp 14, a laser probe 15, a worktable 16, a worktable housing 17, a clamping system servo motor 18, a tower bearing heater 19, a heating module motor 20, a first driving gear 21, a fixed gear 22, a right movable gear 23, a slider 24, a left movable gear 25, a first driven gear of the clamping device transmission system 26, a worktable base plate 27, a worktable support 28, a second driven gear of the clamping device transmission system 29, a pulley 30, a third driving gear of the clamping device transmission system 31, and a third driven gear of the clamping device transmission system 32.

[0031] The polishing reciprocating mechanism is fixed on the base 1 and consists of a reciprocating servo motor 5, a ball screw 4, and a guide rail. The reciprocating servo motor 5 is connected to the airbag polishing process system through the ball screw 4 and the nut 3. The reciprocating servo motor 5 controls the airbag polishing process system to perform reciprocating motion through the ball screw 4, so that the polishing contact area is wider and the material removal is more uniform.

[0032] The heat treatment module is mounted on the base plate and includes a heating module motor 20, a lead screw, and a tower bearing heater 19. The heating module motor 20 is connected to the tower bearing heater 19 via the lead screw. After the sliding cover on the worktable is opened, the heat treatment module controls the tower bearing heater 19 to move up and down via the heating module motor 20 and the lead screw to perform heat treatment on the clamped bearing. The tower bearing heater 19 is suitable for heat treatment of bearing rings of different sizes, and the temperature is controlled by a computer. Depending on the process requirements, air cooling or water cooling via a spray device can be performed after heat treatment.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a sectional view of the polishing transmission system, which mainly includes a housing 7, a polishing servo motor 8, a drive gear 21, a fixed gear 22, a right movable gear 23, a slider 24, and a left movable gear 25. The housing 7 can be fitted with a spray device for cooling the bearing rings after heat treatment and for adding polishing fluid during polishing. The gear set consists of four gears installed in a variable center distance configuration; two are fixed gears, and two are movable gears with bosses. The motor is connected to the fixed gears, where the drive gear 21 receives the input driving force; the driven gear receives the torque transmitted from the drive gear 21; the movable gears with bosses adjust the downward pressure of the airbag during polishing. The downward pressure is calculated using the overlap ratio formula: ε=[z1(tanαa1-tanα')+z2(tanαa2-tanα')] / (2π), a'cosα'=a The value of cosα is calculated (where z1 and z2 are the number of teeth; αa1 and αa2 are the pressure angles of the tooth tip circle, α' is the meshing angle, and a is the center distance). The position of the movable gear is adjusted by the handle. The handle adjusts the slider 24 on the movable gear shaft, allowing it to move on the track of the polishing transmission system housing. The airbag polishing process system is fixed on the movable gear with a boss, and can reciprocate while the driven gear rotates. The adjusting handle has a thread in the middle, which engages with the transmission system through the thread on the housing, and the end is connected to the slider 24 on the movable gear shaft. A single-start thread is used, and it can automatically lock after reaching the designated position. The airbag polishing head 9 has a thin-film pressure sensor inside, which can control the downward pressure of the polishing head.

[0034] V-frame 11 is installed above the clamping system to control the installation and clamping of the workpiece, and can play a locking role after the workpiece is clamped.

[0035] The cylindrical replaceable fixture 14 is cylindrical and evenly mounted on the fixture shaft above the worktable. The cylindrical replaceable fixture 14 has slotted structures at both ends to fix the workpiece and prevent vibration during polishing. The three cylindrical fixtures move synchronously, causing the workpiece to rotate at a uniform speed, allowing the inner and outer walls of the bearing ring to be processed simultaneously, resulting in more uniform material removal during polishing. The cylindrical replaceable fixture 14 can be sized to accommodate different bearing ring sizes. The worktable is mounted on a base plate and has an openable sliding cover, rails, and sliders. Opening the sliding cover raises the heat treatment module. The rails and sliders serve as the moving tracks for the fixture's working shaft during workpiece loading and unloading. Releasing the locking of the V-frame 11 allows it to move along the rails on the worktable, enabling workpiece clamping and unloading.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the clamping transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The clamping device transmission system is located inside the worktable and includes a driven gear 26, a worktable base plate 27, a worktable support 28, a driven gear 29, a pulley 30, a driving gear 31, a driven gear 32, and a servo motor. The driving gear 31 is directly driven by the servo motor. The central gear of the clamping device transmission system is mounted in a shaftless manner, connected to a pulley frame, and engages with the driving gear and the three driven gears. The large gear is hollow. The three driven gears simultaneously contact the central gear, and the shafts of the driven gears are connected to the fixture, which rotates synchronously and in the same direction, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate and allowing the inner and outer sides of the workpiece to be processed simultaneously.

[0037] The laser probe is mounted on the base plate. The laser probe on the machine tool samples and measures at each spatial point along the planned path and transmits the measurement data to the computer.

Claims

1. A pneumatic polishing device that can be used simultaneously for the inner and outer circles of bearing rings, characterized in that, include: The polishing reciprocating mechanism, mounted on the base, is used to drive the airbag polishing system to move up and down. A polishing transmission system, mounted on a polishing reciprocating mechanism, drives the airbag polishing system to rotate while simultaneously performing reciprocating motion. The polishing transmission system comprises a housing, a servo motor, and a gear set. The gear set consists of two fixed gears and two movable gears with bosses, installed in a variable center distance configuration. The servo motor connects to one fixed gear, which acts as the driving gear and receives the input driving force. The other fixed gear is the driven gear, receiving the torque transmitted from the driving gear. The movable gear is connected to an adjusting handle via a slider. The adjusting handle adjusts the slider on the movable gear shaft, causing it to move along a track on the housing of the polishing transmission system, thereby adjusting the downward pressure of the airbag during polishing. The airbag polishing system is connected to the polishing transmission system. The airbag polishing head is driven by the polishing servo motor to polish the inner and outer surfaces of the bearing ring simultaneously. The airbag polishing system is fixed on a movable gear with a boss and can reciprocate while rotating with the driven gear. The airbag polishing head in the airbag polishing system has a thin-film pressure sensor inside. The clamping device transmission system is located inside the worktable and is connected to replaceable fixtures to drive the workpiece to rotate. Replaceable fixtures are mounted on fixture shafts above the worktable; they are used to drive the workpiece to rotate at a uniform speed, so that both the inner and outer circles of the bearing ring can be machined, and the size of the fixture can be changed according to the size of different bearing rings; the replaceable fixtures are cylindrical fixtures, evenly mounted on fixture shafts above the worktable; the cylindrical fixtures have slot structures at both ends to fix the workpiece and prevent workpiece vibration during polishing; the three cylindrical fixtures move synchronously, driving the workpiece to rotate at a uniform speed; The heat treatment module, mounted on the base plate, moves up and down controlled by a motor and ball screw to perform heat treatment on bearing rings of different sizes. A laser probe is mounted on a base plate. The laser probe samples and measures at each spatial point along a planned path and transmits the measurement data to a computer. A worktable is mounted on the base plate. The worktable has a track and slider with an openable sliding cover. The heat treatment module can be raised after the sliding cover is opened. The track and slider are the moving tracks of the fixture working shaft during workpiece loading and unloading.

2. The airbag polishing device for simultaneously polishing the inner and outer circles of bearing rings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing reciprocating mechanism consists of a reciprocating servo motor, a ball screw, and a guide rail. The reciprocating servo motor is connected to the airbag polishing system through the ball screw and nut. The reciprocating servo motor controls the airbag polishing system to perform reciprocating motion through the ball screw, so that the polishing contact area is wider and the material removal is more uniform.

3. The airbag polishing device according to claim 1, which can be used for both the inner and outer circles of bearing rings, is characterized in that: The outer casing is equipped with a spraying device for spraying polishing liquid during cooling and polishing of the bearing rings after heat treatment; the adjusting handle has a thread in the middle and is connected to the polishing transmission system through a threaded engagement on the outer casing, and the end is connected to a slider on the movable gear shaft; it adopts a single-start thread and automatically locks after reaching the designated position.

4. The airbag polishing device according to claim 1, which can be used for both the inner and outer circles of bearing rings, is characterized in that: The replaceable fixture is connected to a V-frame at its upper end, which controls the installation and clamping of the workpiece and acts as a locking mechanism after the workpiece is clamped.

5. The airbag polishing device according to claim 1, which can be used for both the inner and outer circles of bearing rings, is characterized in that: The clamping device transmission system consists of a servo motor, a drive gear, a center gear, and three driven gears. The drive gear is directly driven by the servo motor. The center gear is mounted in a shaftless manner, mounted on a pulley frame, and connected to the drive gear and the three driven gears. The center gear is a hollow gear. The three driven gears simultaneously contact the center gear, and the shafts of the driven gears are connected to replaceable fixtures, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate.

6. The airbag polishing device according to claim 1, which can be used for both the inner and outer circles of bearing rings, is characterized in that: The heat treatment module includes a motor, a lead screw, and a tower bearing heater; the motor is connected to the tower bearing heater via the lead screw, and the motor controls the tower bearing heater to move up and down via the lead screw; the temperature is controlled by a computer, and the heat treatment is carried out by air cooling or water cooling via a spray device.

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