A step-by-step plugging device for a dam leak

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of assembled dam leak step-by-step plugging device, belong to dam emergency technology field in water conservancy engineering, IPC classification number E02B3 / 16, E02B1 / 00.The assembled dam leak step-by-step plugging device of the present application is composed of traction water delivery rope, salvinia leaf, load-bearing water delivery rope and high water absorption resin ball, limiting stopper is arranged outside high water absorption resin ball, load-bearing water delivery rope is sectional assembled, the length of assembly and required section number are determined by the water depth of leak, water is injected into high water absorption resin ball by traction water delivery rope, high water absorption resin expands quickly when meeting water, is controlled by limiting stopper, after high water absorption resin ball expands, spherical body is mainly developed in transverse, while limiting stopper net structure can enhance the adhesion of spherical body and leak hole wall soil.Multiple high water absorption resin balls form series closed space in hole after water absorption and expansion, realize the step-by-step plugging and step-by-step closed gas integrated operation of leak.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention relates to a prefabricated dam breach sealing device, belonging to the field of dam and dike emergency repair technology in water conservancy projects, and its IPC international patent classification number is E02B 1 / 00, E02B 3 / 16. Background technology:

[0002] Vulnerabilities pose a significant threat to the safety of river embankments and reservoir dams. Once formed, the flow velocity inside the vulnerability is high and the scouring is intense. If not properly addressed, it can lead to the collapse of the embankment.

[0003] Following the principle of "pre-blocking and post-guidance, addressing both the immediate and the back sides," emergency repairs of water inlets are typically carried out in three stages: detection, sealing, and airtightening. The "pre-blocking" stage usually involves sealing the water inlet itself, meaning a single-stage sealing is performed only at the inlet. Correspondingly, a single-stage airtightening method must be used, with the airtightening area also limited to the outside of the inlet.

[0004] The key to successful breach repair lies in quickly sealing and sealing the breach after determining its location. Patent "A Dam Breach Sealing Device" (Patent No.: CN 107059792 B, Publication Date: September 14, 2018) discloses a dam breach sealing device using superabsorbent resin as the expansion material. It mainly consists of a duckweed-shaped floating object, a conical connecting rope, superabsorbent resin balls, a connecting rope, a counterweight, and a traction rope, and can perform staged sealing and airtightening at the breach inlet. However, after several years of practical application, the following shortcomings have been found in this device:

[0005] (1) The superabsorbent polymer material is packaged in a bag consisting of a sealed bag, a water-soluble bag, and a water-permeable bag. When using it, the sealed bag must be opened first, the device enters the leak, and the water-soluble bag dissolves 5 to 50 minutes after being immersed in water. Because the leak develops rapidly, it is difficult to accurately control the timing of dissolution and expansion of the superabsorbent polymer material through the water-soluble bag, which cannot meet the requirement of "responding early and small".

[0006] (2) The floating ring structure of duckweed is unstable; after the composite geotextile covering is immersed in water, the buoyancy generated is difficult to keep the whole device suspended in the water, which can easily lead to sealing failure.

[0007] (3) The tapered connecting rope fixed to the inner ring is difficult to fully enter the hole, which can easily cause secondary damage to the hole inlet and aggravate the danger.

[0008] (4) After the superabsorbent polymer (SAP) ball expands, its longitudinal length is large and its transverse dimension is small due to the influence of the hole wall. The expansion volume of the SAP ball, especially the longitudinal expansion, fails to fully play a sealing role (in this invention, longitudinal refers to the length direction of the hole, and transverse refers to the direction perpendicular to the length of the hole).

[0009] (5) The mass of the counterweight is relatively fixed and it is difficult to make adaptive adjustments based on the overall mass and volume of the device.

[0010] To address the aforementioned problems, a redesigned and researched prefabricated step-by-step sealing device for dam breaches was invented. This device precisely controls the expansion timing of the superabsorbent resin material, ensuring the entire device remains suspended in the water. The longitudinal expansion of the spheres transitions to radial expansion, and the counterweight is determined based on the quantity of expansion material assembled. Applying this device enables rapid sealing of breaches in their early stages, improving the emergency repair capabilities for dam breaches. Summary of the Invention:

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated, step-by-step sealing device for breaches in dams. This device simultaneously detects the location of the water inlet of a breach and performs step-by-step sealing and air closure, enabling rapid emergency repairs of deep-water breaches in dams. The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0012] A prefabricated dam breach sealing device includes four components: a step-by-step traction water conveyance rope, duckweed leaves, a load-bearing water conveyance rope, and a super absorbent resin ball.

[0013] The traction water conveyance rope is hollow, with an inner diameter of 6.5mm to 8.0mm and an outer diameter of 12mm to 14.0mm, and its outer surface is coated with a phosphorescent material.

[0014] The duckweed leaf is composed of an outer ring, an outer ring radial structural rod, a float rod, composite geotextile, an inner ring, an inner ring radial structural rod, and a central water-carrying connector. The outer ring, inner ring, outer ring radial structural rod, and inner ring radial structural rod together form the frame of the duckweed leaf. The outer ring and inner ring are connected by the outer ring radial structural rod. The area between the outer and inner rings is covered with a composite geotextile, which is a waterproof composite geotextile consisting of a single layer of fabric and a single layer of membrane or two layers of fabric and a single layer of membrane. The central water-carrying connector is a hollow tube located at the center of the duckweed leaf and fixedly connected to the inner ring radial structural rod. The float rod is fixed to the outer ring radial structural rod between the outer and inner rings. The outer ring, outer ring radial structural rod, inner ring, inner ring radial structural rod, and central water-carrying connector are made of aluminum alloy or FRP material.

[0015] One end of the traction water supply rope 1 is connected to the upper end of the central water supply connector 11, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure water injection machine.

[0016] The load-bearing water-carrying rope is located below the duckweed leaf and includes one load-bearing rope and one water-carrying rope, both of which are segmented and assembled. The assembly length and the number of segments required are determined according to the depth of the leak. Each segment of the load-bearing rope is 25.0cm long and uses 1.5mm to 2.0mm steel strand with a tensile strength greater than 0.1MPa. Each segment of the load-bearing rope has automatic locking hooks at both ends. The top of the first segment of the load-bearing rope is fixed to the inner ring radial structure rod, and the remaining segments are connected end to end through the automatic locking hooks. Each segment of the water-carrying rope is 26.0cm long and uses hollow flexible tubing with an inner diameter of 6.0mm to 7.0mm and an outer diameter of 9mm to 10.0mm. The bottom end is a "Y"-shaped connector. The upper end of the first segment of the water-carrying rope is connected to the lower end of the central water-carrying connector, and the remaining segments are connected end to end through the "Y"-shaped connectors. The "Y"-shaped connectors of each segment of the water-carrying rope are fixed together with the automatic locking hooks at the bottom ends of the corresponding segment of the load-bearing rope.

[0017] The superabsorbent polymer ball consists of a one-way valve, a packaging bag, superabsorbent polymer, a counterweight, and a limiter. The packaging bag comprises two layers: an outer packaging bag and an inner packaging bag. The opening of the packaging bag is sealed to the one-way valve. The superabsorbent polymer and the counterweight are contained within the inner packaging bag, with the counterweight located at the bottom of the inner packaging bag. The counterweight is a metal ball. The limiter is an ellipsoidal mesh that wraps around and fixes the outer packaging bag. The one-way valve of the superabsorbent polymer ball is connected to the "Y"-shaped connector of each section of the water delivery rope.

[0018] Preferably, the float rod is made of EPE pearl cotton material.

[0019] Preferably, the automatic locking hook uses a spring lock, with a length not exceeding 4.0 cm and a tensile strength greater than 0.5 MPa;

[0020] Preferably, the "Y"-shaped connector is fixed to the automatic locking hook at the bottom end of the corresponding section of the load-bearing rope using cable ties. The prefabricated dam breach sealing device of the present invention, compared to the prior art, has the following inventive aspects:

[0021] (1) The prefabricated, segmented assembly sealing device is adopted to solve the problem of applicability of emergency repair of dikes with different water depths. It can quickly complete the step-by-step sealing and air closure of deep water holes in dikes, thereby improving the efficiency of emergency repair.

[0022] (2) Water is rapidly injected into the super absorbent resin ball through the water supply rope, which solves the problem of accurately controlling the timing of the super absorbent resin ball's expansion in water, with a timing accuracy of 10 seconds.

[0023] (3) With the control of the limiter, the superabsorbent resin ball expands mainly laterally after expansion. At the same time, the mesh structure of the limiter can enhance the fit between the ball and the soil of the hole wall.

[0024] (4) The use of a float bar ensures that the entire device remains suspended in the water, making it easier to enter the leak with the water flow at the leak inlet, thus improving the success rate of emergency rescue.

[0025] (5) The duckweed leaf adopts an inner and outer ring structure of “circular water supply connector + radial structure rod”, which enhances the stability of the overall structure of the duckweed leaf;

[0026] (6) The load-bearing rope and the water supply rope are set separately and then fixed together at the bottom of each section. The load-bearing rope bears the large dynamic water pressure in the hole after the super absorbent resin ball expands, ensuring the integrity of the sealing device. The water supply rope is set separately and connected to the one-way valve, which can accurately control the water used and the expansion volume of the super absorbent resin ball.

[0027] (7) The super absorbent resin ball, composed of a packaging bag, super absorbent resin and counterweight material, is sealed and connected to a one-way valve to form an independent component, creating a relatively dry microenvironment inside the ball, thus solving the problem of long-term storage.

[0028] (8) The outer surface of the traction water conveyance rope is coated with a photoluminescent material, which reduces the number of traction ropes of the sealing device, optimizes the device structure, and can accurately mark the location of the leak in environments with insufficient light, such as at night.

[0029] (9) The prefabricated high water absorption resin ball components are used and firmly assembled with the load-bearing water conveyance rope in sections. Through precise control, a series of closed spaces are formed in the dam holes, realizing the step-by-step sealing and airtightening of the dam holes.

[0030] (10) All parts of the device of the present invention are assemblable, easy to carry and long-term storage. In the early stage of the occurrence and discovery of dam breaches, 1 to 3 people can use it in harsh conditions such as rainstorms and mud to achieve rapid emergency rescue by integrating dam breach sealing and air closure, so as to achieve the purpose of "responding early and small". Attached image description:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated dam hole sealing device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the duckweed leaf of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the load-bearing water conveyance rope of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the superabsorbent resin ball of the present invention.

[0035] Figures 1-4In the diagram, 1 is the traction water conveyance rope, 2 is the duckweed leaf, 3 is the load-bearing water conveyance rope, 4 is the super absorbent resin ball, 5 is the outer ring, 6 is the outer ring radial structure rod, 7 is the float rod, 8 is the composite geomaterial, 9 is the inner ring, 10 is the inner ring radial structure rod, 11 is the circular water conveyance connector, 12 is the load-bearing rope, 13 is the water conveyance rope, 14 is the automatic locking hook, 15 is the "Y" joint, 16 is the one-way valve, 17 is the outer packaging bag, 18 is the inner packaging bag, 19 is the super absorbent resin, 20 is the counterweight material, and 21 is the limiter. Detailed implementation method:

[0036] Combined with appendix Figure 1 ~Attached Figure 4 The present invention will be described in detail below.

[0037] The present invention provides a prefabricated dam breach sealing device comprising four components: a traction water conveyance rope 1, a duckweed leaf 2, a load-bearing water conveyance rope 3, and a super absorbent resin ball 4.

[0038] The traction water conveyance rope 1 is hollow, with an inner diameter of 6.5mm to 8.0mm and an outer diameter of 12mm to 14.0mm. The outer surface is coated with a photoluminescent material, so that the location of the leak can still be clearly marked when the ambient light is weak.

[0039] The duckweed leaf consists of an outer ring 5, an outer ring radial structure rod 6, a float rod 7, a composite geotextile 8, an inner ring 9, an inner ring radial structure rod 10, and a central water-carrying connector 11. The outer ring 5 has a diameter of 80.0cm to 200.0cm, and the inner ring 9 has a diameter of 20.0cm to 40.0cm. The outer ring 5 and the inner ring 9 are connected by the outer ring radial structure rod 6. The area between the outer ring 5 and the inner ring 9 is covered with composite geotextile 8, which is a waterproof composite geotextile consisting of one layer of fabric and one layer of membrane or two layers of fabric and one layer of membrane. The central water-carrying connector 11 is located at the center of the duckweed leaf. It is a hollow steel pipe with an inner diameter of 6.0mm to 7.5mm, an outer diameter of 11.0mm to 13.0mm, and a length of 15.0cm. It is fixedly connected to the inner ring radial structure rod 10 by welding or integral fabrication, and together with the outer ring 5 and the inner ring 9, it forms the frame of the duckweed leaf 2. The float rod 7 is fixed to the outer ring radial structure rod 6 between the outer ring 5 and the inner ring 9. The outer ring 5, the outer ring radial structure rod 6, the inner ring 9, the inner ring radial structure rod 10, and the central water supply connector 11 are made of aluminum alloy or FRP material; preferably, the float rod 7 is made of EPE pearl cotton material.

[0040] One end of the traction water supply rope 1 is connected to the upper end of the central water supply connector 11, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure water injection machine.

[0041] The load-bearing water conveyance rope 3 is located below the duckweed leaf 2 and includes a load-bearing rope 12 and a water conveyance rope 13, both of which are segmented assembly types. The assembly length and the number of segments required are determined according to the depth of the leak. Each segment of the load-bearing rope 12 is 25.0cm long and uses 1.5mm to 2.0mm steel strand. Both ends are equipped with automatic locking hooks 14. The top end of the first segment of the load-bearing rope 12 is connected to the inner ring radial structure rod 10, and the remaining segments are connected end to end by the automatic locking hooks 14. Each segment of the water conveying rope 13 is 26.0 cm long, made of hollow flexible tubing with an inner diameter of 6.0 mm to 7.0 mm and an outer diameter of 9 mm to 10.0 mm, and has a Y-shaped connector 15 at the bottom. The upper end of the first segment of the water conveying rope 13 is connected to the lower end of the central water conveying connector 11, and the remaining segments are connected end to end via the Y-shaped connectors 15. The Y-shaped connectors 15 of each segment of the water conveying rope 13 are fixed together with the automatic locking hooks 14 at the bottom of the corresponding segment of the load-bearing rope 12. Preferably, the tensile strength of the steel strand is greater than 0.1 MPa; the automatic locking hooks 14 are spring locks with a length not exceeding 4.0 cm and a tensile strength greater than 0.5 MPa; the Y-shaped connectors 15 are fixed together with the automatic locking hooks 14 at the bottom of the corresponding segment of the load-bearing rope 12 using cable ties.

[0042] The superabsorbent polymer ball consists of a one-way valve 16, a packaging bag, superabsorbent polymer 19, a counterweight 20, and a limiter 21. The one-way valve 16 is a spring-loaded plastic one-way valve with a fluororubber diaphragm, suitable for hoses with an inner diameter of 6.0mm to 7.0mm. The packaging bag consists of two layers: an outer packaging bag 17 and an inner packaging bag 18. This two-layer structure enhances the bag's sealing performance and facilitates storage. The packaging bag body is made of high-strength rubber, and the bag opening is sealed to the one-way valve 16. The superabsorbent polymer 19... 9 and counterweight material 20 are placed inside the inner packaging bag 18, with the counterweight material 20 located at the bottom of the inner packaging bag 18; the counterweight material 20 is a metal ball of the same density as iron; the inner packaging bag 18 is pre-filled with super absorbent resin 19 and counterweight material 20, and becomes an independent component after being sealed and connected with the one-way valve 16, which can be stored for a long time and assembled and used according to the length and number of sections of the load-bearing water supply rope 3; the limiter 21 is an ellipsoidal mesh made of polymer materials such as polypropylene, which is wrapped and fixed to the outside of the outer packaging bag 17.

[0043] The method of using the prefabricated dam breach sealing device of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: The various components of the prefabricated assembly-type dam leak sealing device;

[0045] Once the four components are manufactured, they can be stored as individual components or assembled into a complete dam breach sealing device for storage.

[0046] Step 2: Assemble the components

[0047] After transporting the components completed in step one to the dam breach emergency repair site, they are quickly assembled to create a complete dam breach sealing device. The assembly sequence is as follows:

[0048] (1) Connect the traction water supply rope 1 to the upper end of the central water supply connector 11.

[0049] (2) The first section of the load-bearing rope 12 is fixedly connected to the inner ring radial structure rod 10, and the remaining sections of the load-bearing rope 12 are connected end to end through the automatic locking hook 14; the first section of the water supply rope 13 is connected to the lower end of the central water supply connector 11, and the remaining sections of the water supply rope 13 are connected end to end through the “Y” shaped connector 15.

[0050] (3) Connect the superabsorbent resin ball 4 to the “Y” joint 15 of each section of water conveying rope 13 through the one-way valve 16.

[0051] Step 3: Use a step-by-step sealing device to plug the leaks in the dam.

[0052] (1) Analyze the danger of the dam breach, estimate the location of the deep water breach inlet, and place the assembled dam breach sealing device completed in step two on the downstream side of the breach inlet. Keep it suspended in the water, and move the assembled dam breach sealing device slowly from downstream to upstream along the dam slope on the water-facing side by manual or boat-borne traction.

[0053] (2) When the prefabricated dam hole sealing device moves to the vicinity of the hole inlet, the water flow suction generated by the flow velocity difference at the hole will pull the super absorbent resin ball 4 and the load-bearing water conveyance rope 3 into the dam hole. The duckweed leaf 2 will sink and be fixed on the outside of the hole inlet, serving as a fixing device and bearing the tension.

[0054] (3) Connect the traction water supply rope 1 to the high-pressure water injection machine. When the duckweed leaf 2 is fixed at the inlet of the hole and the traction water supply rope 1 is difficult to pull, quickly inject water into the superabsorbent resin ball 4 through the water supply rope 13. After water injection, the superabsorbent resin 19 expands rapidly. Due to the large water flow velocity in the hole, the expanded ball develops longitudinally along the hole, but after being restricted by the limiter 21, it mainly expands laterally. After the superabsorbent resin ball 4 expands, it fits tightly against the hole wall. The mesh structure of the limiter 21 can enhance the fit between the ball and the hole wall. After multiple superabsorbent resin balls 4 absorb water and expand, they form a series of closed spaces in the hole, realizing step-by-step sealing and airtightness in the hole.

Claims

1. A device for sequentially plugging a breach in an assembled dam, characterized in that, It comprises four components: a traction water delivery rope (1), a duckweed leaf (2), a load-bearing water delivery rope (3) and a super absorbent polymer sphere (4). The traction water delivery rope (1) is hollow, with an inner diameter of 6.5-8.0 mm and an outer diameter of 12-14.0 mm, and the outer surface is coated with a light-storing night light material. The duckweed leaf (2) is composed of an outer ring (5), outer ring radiation structure rods (6), a floating body rod (7), a composite geotechnical material (8), an inner ring (9), inner ring radiation structure rods (10) and a central water delivery connector (11). The outer ring (5), the inner ring (9), the outer ring radiation structure rods (6) and the inner ring radiation structure rods (10) together form the frame of the duckweed leaf (2), wherein the outer ring (5) is connected with the inner ring (9) through the outer ring radiation structure rods (6); the area between the outer ring (5) and the inner ring (9) is covered with the composite geotechnical material (8), which is a water-impermeable cloth-film or cloth-film composite geotextile; the central water delivery connector (11) is a hollow pipe body located at the center of the duckweed leaf (2) and fixedly connected with the inner ring radiation structure rods (10); the floating body rod (7) is fixed on the outer ring radiation structure rods (6) between the outer ring (5) and the inner ring (9); the outer ring (5), the outer ring radiation structure rods (6), the inner ring (9), the inner ring radiation structure rods (10) and the central water delivery connector (11) are made of aluminum alloy or FRP material; One end of the traction water delivery rope (1) is connected with the upper end of the central water delivery connector (11), and the other end is connected with a high-pressure water injection machine. The load-bearing water delivery rope (3) is located below the duckweed leaf (2) and comprises a load-bearing rope (12) and a water delivery rope (13), both of which are of sectional assembly type and the assembly length and required number of sections are determined according to the water depth of the leakage; each section of the load-bearing rope (12) is 25.0 cm long, made of 1.5-2.0 mm steel strand wire with a tensile strength greater than 0.1 Mpa, and each section of the load-bearing rope (12) is provided with an automatic locking hook (14) at both ends; the automatic locking hook (14) is made of a spring lock with a length not greater than 4.0 cm and a tensile strength greater than 0.5 Mpa; the top end of the first section of the load-bearing rope (12) is fixed on the inner ring radiation structure rods (10), and the remaining sections are connected end to end through the automatic locking hooks (14); each section of the water delivery rope (13) is 26.0 cm long, made of a hollow hose with an inner diameter of 6.0-7.0 mm and an outer diameter of 9-10.0 mm, and the bottom end is a "Y" shaped joint (15); the upper end of the first section of the water delivery rope (13) is connected with the lower end of the central water delivery connector (11), and the remaining sections are connected end to end through the "Y" shaped joints (15); the "Y" shaped joint (15) of each section of the water delivery rope (13) is fixed together with the automatic locking hook (14) at the bottom end of the corresponding section of the load-bearing rope (12). The high water absorption resin ball (4) is composed of a one-way valve (16), a packaging bag, a high water absorption resin (19), a counterweight material (20) and a limiter (21); the one-way valve (16) is a spring plastic one-way valve; the packaging bag includes two layers of an outer packaging bag (17) and an inner packaging bag (18), the bag opening of the packaging bag is in sealing connection with the one-way valve (16); the high water absorption resin (19) and the counterweight material (20) are arranged in the inner packaging bag (18), wherein the counterweight material (20) is located at the bottom of the inner packaging bag (18); the counterweight material (20) is a metal ball; the limiter (21) is an ellipsoidal net, which is wrapped and fixed outside the outer packaging bag (17) and is used for controlling the high water absorption resin ball (4) to mainly develop in a horizontal direction after swelling; the one-way valve (16) of the high water absorption resin ball (4) is connected to a "Y" shaped joint (15) of each section of water conveying rope (13); the "Y" shaped joint (15) and an automatic locking hook (14) at the bottom end of a corresponding section of load bearing rope (12) are fixed together by a strap; The floating body rod (7) is made of EPE pearl wool material.

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