A method for gully restoration and ecosystem restoration in high-altitude desert regions

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for repairing gullies and restoring ecosystems in high-altitude, cold desert regions using the field of wind and sand protection technology. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: First, sand barriers are installed on the upper slope of the gully, and multiple drainage ditches are constructed to guide rainwater into the gully. A dam is built at the gully outlet to block water flow. Step 2: After the gully is soaked by accumulated water, the vertical section of the gully naturally slides down under the soaking rainwater, forming a slope. Step 3: After the slope stabilizes, the dam is opened to drain the water from the gully, and native sand-fixing vegetation such as *Artemisia argyi* and *Artemisia scoparia* is sown on the slope to stabilize it. Step 4: During vegetation restoration, surface runoff is diverted elsewhere for drainage. After vegetation restoration is complete, a cement drainage ditch is installed at the bottom of the gully. Step 5: During maintenance, the sand barriers above the slope are maintained to slow the water flow. This method is simple and easy to operate, utilizing the sediment in the accumulated water to fill the gully and repair the slope in wind-blown sand areas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of engineering wind-sand protection, and particularly relates to a method for repairing erosion gullies and ecological systems in high-cold desert areas. BACKGROUND

[0002] During field investigation in the middle reaches of the Yalong River, a large number of rainwater erosion gullies were found. The main reason is that the rainfall in the region is mainly concentrated in summer, combined with low vegetation coverage, large land slope, and sandy soil that is prone to loss, which seriously forms large erosion gullies. If not treated, it will cause continuous water and soil loss and geological disasters, and also affect the safety of people and livestock. The general erosion gully treatment method is to use machinery to cut the slope and then plant vegetation on the slope surface. In the harsh working environment of the plateau, the workload is large, and the fund consumption is large. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a method for repairing erosion gullies and ecological systems in high-cold desert areas. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the application provides a method for repairing erosion gullies and ecological systems in high-cold desert areas, which uses the accumulated water and the sand in the water to fill the erosion gully and repair the slope surface.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows: a method for repairing erosion gullies and ecological systems in high-cold desert areas, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step one, first, set up a sand barrier on the upper slope surface of the erosion gully, and set up multiple water diversion ditches to guide rainwater into the erosion gully, and build a dam at the outlet of the erosion gully to block water;

[0006] Step two, after the accumulated water soaks the erosion gully, the vertical section of the erosion gully naturally slides under the action of rainwater soaking to form a slope surface, and finally a stable slope surface is formed;

[0007] Step three, after the slope surface is stable, open the water retaining dam to empty the accumulated water in the erosion gully, and sow local sand-fixing vegetation such as wolf tooth and Tibetan sandwort on the slope surface to stabilize the slope surface;

[0008] Step four, during the vegetation restoration process, the surface runoff is guided to other places for drainage, and after the vegetation restoration is completed, a cement tank is arranged at the bottom of the gully to drain water;

[0009] Step five, when the slope surface is stable, pipe maintenance work needs to be carried out, the sand barrier above the slope surface is maintained to slow down the water flow, and the growth of the vegetation on the slope surface of the erosion gully is paid attention to.

[0010] The principle of the basic scheme is that when sand prevention and sand fixation are carried out in the wind-sand area, the sand barrier will first play a role in hindering the flow of water and sand, thereby reducing the runoff velocity of the ground surface of the wind-sand area, then the water on the ground surface will flow to the water diversion ditch, then the water diversion ditch will play a role in guiding the water flow, so that the water flow in the water diversion ditch flows to the erosion ditch, when the water flow flows to the erosion ditch, the water stays in the erosion ditch for a certain period of time, then after the residence time is sufficient, the water dam is opened to drain the accumulated water, and then when the slope surface of the wind-sand area tends to be stable, local sand-fixing vegetation such as wolf tooth and sand sage can be planted on the slope surface to stabilize the slope surface, and then when the vegetation restoration is completed, the accumulated water can flow to the drainage ditch for drainage.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are that compared with the prior art which uses machinery to plant vegetation on a large area for repair, in the process of using the accumulated water to erode the accumulated water in the erosion ditch, on the one hand, the accumulated water in the erosion ditch is filled with sand, and on the other hand, the accumulated water soaks the erosion ditch, so that the vertical section of the erosion ditch naturally slides to form a slope surface under the soaking of the accumulated water, and finally a relatively stable slope surface is formed. Thus, the filling of the erosion ditch and the stabilization of the slope surface can be achieved with less work, less investment and higher efficiency.

[0012] Further, in step one, warning signs are also provided around the erosion ditch.

[0013] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic scheme are that the design of the warning signs can play a warning role to avoid pedestrians and others from entering the erosion ditch and causing certain harm.

[0014] Further, in step one, the sand barrier includes fixing nails and sand-fixing nets, the fixing nails are provided with a plurality of locking rings capable of fixing the sand-fixing nets, and the sand-fixing nets are in a grid shape and are made of water-absorbing and expanding rubber.

[0015] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic scheme are that the fixing nails are inserted into the soil, and then the sand-fixing nets are fixed on the fixing nails through the locking rings. Compared with the sand-fixing nets made of plastic warp and weft in the prior art, the sand-fixing nets in the present scheme are made of water-absorbing and expanding rubber, so when it rains heavily and the sand slides, the rainwater will drop on the sand-fixing nets, and then the sand-fixing nets will expand when they come into contact with water. When the sand-fixing nets expand, their area will increase, so their contact area with the ground surface will increase, and their resistance and bearing capacity to rainwater and sand will also increase, thereby reducing the amount of rainwater and sand to a certain extent, so as to prevent the fixed nets from being dislocated. Thus, compared with the sand-fixing nets with unchanged area in the prior art, the sand-fixing nets in the present scheme are more stable when they block the sand.

[0016] Further, the fixing nail comprises a nail body, a locking ring is fixed on the nail body, a plurality of telescopic rods are symmetrically hinged on the nail body, the telescopic rods are inclined, and the end of the telescopic rod close to the nail body is higher than the other end, the end of the telescopic rod away from the nail body is hinged with a resistance rod, one end of the resistance rod is hinged on the nail body, the resistance rod is inclined, and the direction of the inclination of the resistance rod is opposite to that of the telescopic rod.

[0017] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic scheme are that when the fixing nail is used, the fixing nail is inserted into the soil, and when the fixing nail is inserted, because the telescopic rod and the resistance rod are both inclined and the directions of the inclinations are opposite, the design of the resistance rod conforms to the direction of the force of the vertical movement, so that the resistance rod does not hinder the insertion of the fixing nail, and because the resistance rod is inclined, when the fixing nail is inserted into the soil, part of the soil will fall above the resistance rod by inertia;

[0018] When it rains heavily, the part of the nail body will be pulled upward under the restraint of the rain or the sand in the sand-fixing net, and when the nail body is subjected to a certain vertical pulling force, the resistance rod will gradually become flat under the hindering effect of the soil previously accumulated above it, and the design of the telescopic rod also facilitates the change of the resistance rod, and when the resistance rod is stretched flat, more soil will be accumulated on both sides of the resistance rod so that the resistance rod is always subjected to the resistance of the soil and cannot be easily pulled out; therefore, the greater the force that restrains the nail body, the more firmly the resistance rod is fixed in the soil, thereby reducing the possibility that the fixing nail is separated from the soil under the restraint of a large amount of rain and sand. Therefore, compared with the conventional nail in the prior art, the technical scheme cooperates the resistance rod with the soil, so that the greater the force that restrains the nail body, the more firmly the resistance rod is fixed in the soil, thereby playing a role in increasing the stability of the fixing nail to a certain extent.

[0019] Further, the sand-fixing net is provided with a plurality of planting openings.

[0020] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic scheme are that the local vegetation such as wolf tooth, Tibetan sandwort, etc. is planted in the soil through the planting openings. Compared with the conventional sand-preventing net in the prior art, the sand-fixing net in the technical scheme can play a certain irrigation role on the vegetation at the planting opening while swelling by absorbing water under the washing of rainwater, so that the vegetation is sufficiently irrigated.

[0021] Further, the sand-fixing net is provided with a plurality of guide plates close to the water diversion ditch.

[0022] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic scheme are that the design of the guide plate can make the rainwater, sand and the like flow more smoothly into the water diversion ditch, thereby reducing the problem that a large amount of rainwater and sand cannot flow into the water diversion ditch and are smoothly treated.

[0023] Further, the nail body is provided with a plurality of barbs.

[0024] The principle and beneficial effect of the basic scheme is that the design of the barbs can increase the friction of the nail body when it extends outwards in the soil, thereby increasing the stability of the fixing nail in the soil to a certain extent.

[0025] Further, the nail body is provided with anti-skid lines.

[0026] The principle and beneficial effect of the basic scheme is that the design of the anti-skid lines can increase the friction of the nail body when it contacts the hand or the soil, thereby facilitating the hand to hold the nail and increasing the stability of the nail body in the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is an erosion gully schematic diagram of the method for repairing erosion gully and ecological system in alpine desert area in the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a sand barrier plan view in Figure 1 .

[0029] Figure 3 It is a fixing nail side view in Figure 1 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be further described in detail through specific embodiments:

[0031] The reference signs in the drawings of the specification include: sand fixing net 1, planting opening 2, erosion gully 4, water retaining dam 5, water diversion ditch 6, nail body 7, locking ring 8, resistance rod 9, telescopic rod 10, barb 11, sand barrier 12.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Basically as shown in the accompanying drawings: a method for repairing erosion gully and ecological system in alpine desert area, comprising the following steps: Figures 1-3

[0034] Step one, first, set the sand barrier 12 on the upper slope of the erosion gully 4, and set multiple water diversion ditches 6 to guide the rainwater into the erosion gully 4, and build a dam body to block water at the outlet of the erosion gully 4; wherein a protective fence and warning signs are provided around the erosion gully 4;

[0035] Step two, after the water in the erosion gully 4 is soaked, the vertical section of the erosion gully 4 naturally slides to form a slope under the rainwater soaking, and finally a stable slope is formed;

[0036] Step three, after the slope is stable, open the water retaining dam to drain the accumulated water in the erosion gully 4, and sow wolf tooth and Tibetan sand sage local sand fixing vegetation on the slope to stabilize the slope;

[0037] ​Step four, the surface runoff is guided to other places for drainage during the vegetation restoration process, and a cement groove is arranged at the bottom of the ditch for drainage after the vegetation restoration is completed;

[0038] Step five, when the slope surface is stabilized, maintenance work is needed, and the sand barrier 12 above the slope surface is maintained to slow down the water flow speed, and the growth of the vegetation on the slope surface of the erosion ditch 4 is paid attention to.

[0039] The specific implementation process is as follows: when sand prevention and sand fixation are performed on a wind-sand area, the sand barrier 12 will first play a role in hindering the flow of water and sand, thereby reducing the runoff speed of the surface of the wind-sand area, and then the accumulated water on the surface will flow to the water diversion ditch 6, and then the water diversion ditch 6 will play a role in guiding the flow of water, so that the accumulated water in the water diversion ditch 6 flows into the erosion ditch 4, and when the accumulated water flows into the erosion ditch 4, the accumulated water will stay in the erosion ditch 4 for a certain period of time, and when the accumulated water stays in the erosion ditch 4, on the one hand, the sand in the accumulated water is retained in the erosion ditch 4 to fill the erosion ditch 4, and on the other hand, the accumulated water soaks the erosion ditch 4, so that the vertical section of the erosion ditch 4 naturally slides to form a slope surface under the soaking of the accumulated water, and finally a relatively stable slope surface is formed;

[0040] When the slope surface is basically stabilized, the water retaining dam is opened to empty the accumulated water in the erosion ditch 4, and after the accumulated water is emptied, local sand-fixing vegetation such as wolf tooth and sand sage is sown on the slope surface to stabilize the slope surface, so that the slope surface returns to an ecologically balanced state, and the planting of the vegetation also plays a role in blocking the flow of water to a certain extent, thereby reducing the speed of the flow of water and reducing the problem of serious damage to the slope surface, and then during the vegetation restoration process, the surface runoff is guided to a position that does not affect the growth of the vegetation, and after the vegetation restoration is completed, the accumulated water can flow to the drainage ditch for drainage, and the design of the fence and the warning sign can play a certain prompting role to reduce the entry of pedestrians and the like into the erosion ditch 4. Compared with the existing technology which uses machinery to plant vegetation on a large area for repair, the present application has small workload, less investment, and high efficiency.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The difference from the above example is that the basic Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the sand barrier 12 comprises a fixing nail and a sand fixing net 1, the sand fixing net 1 is in a grid shape and is made of water-absorbing and expanding rubber, a plurality of planting holes 2 are arranged in the sand fixing net 1, and a plurality of guide plates are arranged on the side of the sand fixing net 1 close to the water ditch 6; wherein the fixing nail comprises a nail body 7 and a locking ring 8, a plurality of barbs 11 and anti-skid lines are arranged on the nail body 7, the locking ring 8 is fixed on the nail body 7, the position of the locking ring 8 is higher than that of the barbs 11, a plurality of telescopic rods 10 are symmetrically hinged on the nail body 7, the telescopic rods 10 are inclined, and the end of the telescopic rods 10 close to the nail body 7 is higher than the other end, a resistance rod 9 is hinged on the end of the telescopic rod 10 away from the nail body 7, one end of the resistance rod 9 is hinged on the nail body 7, the resistance rod 9 is inclined and the direction of the inclination of the resistance rod 9 is opposite to that of the telescopic rod 10.

[0043] The specific implementation process is as follows: the fixing nail is inserted into the soil, and then the sand fixing net 1 is fixed on the fixing nail through the locking ring 8. Compared with the sand fixing net 1 made of plastic warp and weft in the prior art, the sand fixing net 1 in the technical solution is made of water-absorbing and expanding rubber material. When encountering heavy rain and the like, the sand will slide off, etc. Rainwater will drip onto the sand fixing net 1, and then the sand fixing net 1 will swell when it encounters water. After the sand fixing net 1 swells, its area will increase, so its contact area with the ground will increase, and its resistance and bearing capacity to rainwater and sand will also increase, thereby reducing the amount of rainwater and sand to a certain extent, thereby reducing the problem of dislocation of the fixing net. Therefore, compared with the sand fixing net 1 with unchanged area in the prior art, the sand fixing net 1 in the technical solution is more stable when blocking sand and the like;

[0044] When the fixing nail is used, the fixing nail is inserted into the soil. When the fixing nail is inserted, the telescopic rod 10 and the resistance rod 9 are both inclined, and the directions of the inclinations are opposite. Therefore, when the fixing nail is inserted, the design of the resistance rod 9 conforms to the direction of the force of vertical movement, so the resistance rod 9 will not hinder the insertion of the fixing nail. Because the resistance rod 9 is inclined, when the fixing nail is inserted into the soil, part of the soil will fall above the resistance rod 9 due to inertia;

[0045] When it is raining heavily, part of the nail body 7 will be pulled upwards under the restraint of heavy rain or sand in the sand-fixing net 1. When the nail body 7 is subjected to a certain vertical pulling force, the resistance rod 9 will gradually become flat under the hindering effect of the soil previously accumulated above it, and the design of the telescopic rod 10 also facilitates the change of the resistance rod 9. When the resistance rod 9 is stretched flat, more soil will accumulate on both sides of the resistance rod 9 so that the resistance rod 9 is always subjected to the resistance of the soil and cannot be easily pulled out. Thus, the greater the force restraining the nail body 7, the more firmly the resistance rod 9 is fixed in the soil, thereby reducing the possibility of the fixing nail being separated from the soil under the restraint of a large amount of rain and sand. Thus, compared with the conventional nail in the prior art, the technical solution cooperates the resistance rod 9 with the soil, so that the greater the force restraining the nail body 7, the more firmly the resistance rod 9 is fixed in the soil, thereby playing a role in increasing the stability of the fixing nail to a certain extent.

[0046] And the local vegetation such as wolf tooth, Tibetan sandwort, etc. is planted in the soil from the planting hole 2. Compared with the conventional sand prevention net in the prior art, the sand-fixing net 1 in the technical solution can play a certain irrigation role on the vegetation at the planting hole 2 while being water-absorbed and expanded under the erosion of rainwater, thereby making the vegetation get more sufficient irrigation.

[0047] It should be noted that in this document, the relationship terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment.

[0048] The above-mentioned are only embodiments of the present application, and the common knowledge of specific structures and characteristics in the scheme is not described too much herein. The ordinary skilled person in the art knows all the ordinary technical knowledge in the field of the present application before the application date or the priority date, can know all the prior art in the field, and has the ability to apply conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary skilled person in the art can perfect and implement the present scheme under the guidance of the present application, combined with their own ability. Some typical known structures or known methods should not be an obstacle for the ordinary skilled person in the art to implement the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application. These will not affect the effect and practicality of the patent. The protection scope of the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for repairing an erosion ditch and an ecological system in an alpine desert region, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: ​ Step one, first set up sand barriers on the upper slope of the erosion ditch, and set up multiple water diversion ditches to guide rainwater into the erosion ditch, and build a dam at the outlet of the erosion ditch to block water; Step two, wait for the water to soak the erosion ditch, so that the vertical section of the erosion ditch naturally slides under the rainwater soaking to form a slope, and finally form a stable slope; Step three, after the slope is stable, open the water retaining dam to drain the accumulated water in the erosion ditch, and sow wolf tooth and local sand-fixing vegetation on the slope to stabilize the slope; Step four, during the vegetation restoration process, guide the surface runoff to other places for drainage, and set up a cement tank drainage ditch at the bottom of the ditch after the vegetation restoration is completed; Step five, when the slope is stable, pipe protection work needs to be carried out, and the sand barriers above the slope need to be maintained to slow down the water flow, and attention needs to be paid to the growth of the vegetation on the slope of the erosion ditch.

2. The method for repairing erosion gully and ecological system in alpine desert area according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, warning signs are also provided around the erosion ditch.

3. The method for repairing erosion gully and ecological system in alpine desert area according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step one, the sand barrier comprises a fixing nail and a sand-fixing net, the fixing nail is provided with a plurality of locking rings capable of fixing the sand-fixing net, the sand-fixing net is in a grid shape and is made of water-absorbing and expanding rubber.

4. The method for repairing erosion gully and ecological system in alpine desert area according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing nail comprises a nail body, the locking ring is fixed on the nail body, a plurality of telescopic rods are symmetrically hinged on the nail body, the telescopic rods are inclined, and the end of the telescopic rod close to the nail body is higher than the other end, a resistance rod is hinged on the end of the telescopic rod away from the nail body, the resistance rod is hinged on the nail body at one end, the resistance rod is inclined and the direction of the inclination of the resistance rod is opposite to that of the telescopic rod.

5. The method for repairing erosion gully and ecological system in alpine desert area according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of planting holes are arranged in the sand-fixing net.

6. The method for repairing erosion gully and ecological system in alpine desert area according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of guide plates are arranged on the side of the sand-fixing net close to the water diversion ditch.

7. The method for repairing erosion gully and ecological system in alpine desert area according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of barbs are arranged on the nail body.

8. The method for repairing erosion gully and ecological system in alpine desert area according to claim 7, characterized in that: Anti-slip patterns are arranged on the nail body.

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