A prefabricated hollow slope protection structure and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure and method, which solves the problems of slow construction speed and complicated procedures in the prior art. It has the beneficial effect of improving construction efficiency while ensuring protection quality. The specific solution is as follows: A prefabricated hollow slope protection structure includes several prefabricated cross beams. Adjacent cross beams are detachably connected. Each cross beam includes four bent beams. The four bent beams are assembled into a cross beam and an anchor is set at the center of the cross beam. The bent beam includes two side plates connected at a set angle. The end of the side plate away from the other side plate is connected to a connector. The bottom sides of the side plates of adjacent bent beams are connected by a bottom plate. A drainage channel is formed between adjacent bent beams. An opening groove is set on the top side of the side plate of the bent beam. A cover plate is supported by the opening groove. The end of the bent beam is connected to the adjacent cross beam through a connector. A water inlet is formed between the two connectors at the end of the cross beam at a set distance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of highway slope reinforcement technology, and in particular to a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure and method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Anchored grid beam support is a commonly used slope treatment method in China, achieving a combined support effect of anchor cables and grid beams. Anchored grid beams utilize reinforced concrete beams or prestressed concrete structures placed on the slope as the slope support structure, combined with anchors that penetrate the slope's fracture surface—a composite support method. Unlike traditional support methods, this technology requires less excavation of sliding soil. By applying loads to the anchors, the entire slope is stabilized, reducing earthwork excavation and significantly lowering project costs. In soft slope engineering, due to the weak bearing capacity of the soil, the grid beam, as a structure transmitting the anchoring force and with a large bearing area, effectively prevents damage to the slope soil. The grid beam, tightly attached to the slope surface, creates a framing effect on the slope soil, limiting surface soil deformation. Planting vegetation within the grid beams reduces rainwater erosion and soil weathering, while also beautifying the environment and harmonizing with the surrounding landscape.

[0004] In existing technologies, when using anchor (cable) grid beams to reinforce slopes, the concrete grid beams are usually constructed by on-site casting, which has the following disadvantages:

[0005] (1) The on-site casting of grid beams requires a lot of formwork and manpower, resulting in low construction efficiency and a long construction period;

[0006] (2) On-site concrete pouring is complicated, has a long curing period, and the quality of concrete cannot be guaranteed.

[0007] (3) On-site concrete pouring will generate a large degree of vibration, which will cause significant disturbance to the slope and even damage the stability of the slope.

[0008] (4) Cast-in-place concrete is mostly solid structure. On the one hand, the amount of concrete used is relatively large, which leads to increased cost. On the other hand, solid structure is not conducive to drainage of slope.

[0009] (5) When cracks and damage occur in the concrete lattice beams during the operation period, it is not conducive to the maintenance and repair. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure that does not require on-site casting, shortens the construction cycle while ensuring the quality of the protection structure, improves construction efficiency, and realizes modular construction on site.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0012] A prefabricated hollow slope protection structure includes several prefabricated cross beams, adjacent cross beams can be detachably connected, each cross beam includes four bent beams, the four bent beams are assembled into a cross beam and an anchor is set at the center of the cross beam.

[0013] The bent beam includes two side plates connected at a set angle. The end of one side plate away from the other side plate is connected to a connector. The bottom sides of two adjacent bent beam side plates are connected by a base plate, forming a drainage channel between the two adjacent bent beams. An opening groove is provided on the top side of the bent beam side plate, and a cover plate is supported by the opening groove. The end of the bent beam is connected to an adjacent cross beam by a connector. A water inlet is formed between two connectors at the end of the cross beam at a set distance.

[0014] As described above, in a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure, the base plate covers the middle of the cross beam, and the anchor includes anchor cables inserted into the base plate and the slope. The anchor cables are provided with pads and sealing anchors at the anchoring section of the cross beam. The anchor passes through the base plate, the pads are supported by open slots, and fixed by sealing anchors, which helps to ensure the reliability of the anchoring.

[0015] In the prefabricated hollow slope protection structure described above, the thickness of the pad is greater than the thickness of the cover plate.

[0016] The cover plate covers the middle of the cross beam, or the cover plate is located on the side of the pad.

[0017] In the prefabricated hollow slope protection structure described above, the included angle between the two side plates in the bent beam is 90°.

[0018] The side panels are made of concrete slabs; the connecting parts are made of H-shaped steel plates.

[0019] As described above, in a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure, two adjacent cross beams are detachably connected by locking components and splicing components.

[0020] The connector is provided with a first opening, the splicing component is provided with a second opening, and the first locking component passes through the first opening and the second opening.

[0021] As described above, in a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure, the connector is provided with multiple first openings, which are arranged in multiple rows and columns.

[0022] In the prefabricated hollow slope protection structure described above, the height of the side plate is higher than the height of the connector;

[0023] The cover plate and the side plate are connected by a second locking member.

[0024] As described above, in a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure, a downward step is provided on the top side of the side plate to form the opening groove, which enables the cover plate to engage with the side plate and also facilitates the support plate for the anchor at the bend of the bent beam.

[0025] As described above, a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure has a support frame on the side of part of the bent beam. The support frame supports solar panels. Since the slope is large, a solar power generation device is built by setting up solar panels, making full use of the slope protection structure.

[0026] Secondly, the present invention also provides a construction method for the aforementioned prefabricated hollow slope protection structure, comprising the following:

[0027] Precast bent beam: The bent beam includes two side plates with a set angle between them. The side plates are connected to the bottom plate, and the ends of the side plates are connected to the connectors. A cover plate is installed between adjacent bent beams.

[0028] Precast anchors;

[0029] On-site construction: excavate trenches on the slope surface; drill holes on the slope surface to form slope anchor holes, place anchors in the slope anchor holes and grout; place the cross beams into the slope trenches, fix the anchors in the center of the cross beams and apply prestress; connect the connectors of adjacent cross beams.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1) This invention provides a protective structure in which the cross beam is assembled by bending the beam body, which has reliable connection and high overall structural stability. It does not require on-site casting and can be prefabricated in advance, avoiding on-site casting and curing, which helps to shorten the construction cycle and makes construction more convenient; it also improves the assembly efficiency of the protective structure and makes slope construction more industrialized.

[0032] 2) The overall structure of the protective structure of the present invention is a hollow structure, which can reduce the amount of concrete used. At the same time, the connection parts form water inlets and drainage channels, thus the entire protective structure is conducive to slope drainage.

[0033] 3) In this invention, the base plate covers the middle of the cross beam, the anchor passes through the base plate, the pad is supported by the opening groove and fixed by the sealing anchor, which helps to ensure the reliability of the anchoring.

[0034] 4) In this invention, the side plate is a concrete slab, which can be prefabricated in the factory; the connectors are integrated with the side plate during the prefabrication process, and the cover plate is reliably connected to the side plate to ensure the strength of the bent beam. It is also easy to store and transport. On-site work mainly involves splicing and fixing the anchors, so there will be no large-scale vibration on site, which further ensures the quality and strength of the protective structure.

[0035] 5) The present invention uses a connector to achieve a detachable connection between two adjacent cross beams through splicing parts. In this way, when the cross beam cracks or breaks, the corresponding cross beam can be removed and a new cross beam can be reinstalled, which is beneficial to the maintenance and repair of the slope protection structure.

[0036] 6) The connector in this invention is an H-beam. The H-beam has good bending and compressive strength. The flange has enough space to arrange the first opening and the web has a large vertical space, which facilitates construction. The H-beams are connected by splicing parts and the first fastener, which is simple to operate. When combined with the concrete side plate, it can effectively ensure the quality of the project, the construction speed is fast, and it is less affected by the environment.

[0037] 7) This invention provides a construction method for protective structures that is easy to operate, quick to install on site, and has good overall performance and durability. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross beam in a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross beam in a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0041] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the anchor cable of the cross beam in a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention after the initial prestressing is applied.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the connecting parts in a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of multiple cross beam connections in a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] The diagram exaggerates the spacing or dimensions between parts to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only.

[0045] The components include: 1. Cross beam; 11. Reserved anchor holes; 12. Anchors; 13. H-beam; 14. Opening slot; 15. First bent beam; 16. Second bent beam; 17. Side plate;

[0046] 2. First opening; 21. Anchor sealing; 22. Anchor cable;

[0047] 3. Base plate; 4. Drainage channel; 5. Bolts; 6. Pads; 7. Splicing steel plates; 8. Cover plate; 9. Second opening; 10. Slope; Detailed Implementation

[0048] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0049] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0050] For ease of description, the words "up," "down," "left," and "right" appearing in this invention only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left, and right directions of the accompanying drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0051] Terminology Explanation: The terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] As described in the background section, existing technologies require on-site construction of slope protection structures. To address this technical problem, this invention proposes a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure includes several prefabricated cross beams. Adjacent cross beams 1 can be detachably connected. Each cross beam includes four bent beams. The four bent beams are assembled into a cross beam and an anchor 12 is provided at the center of the cross beam.

[0055] The bent beam includes two side plates 17 connected at a set angle. The side plates 17 are concrete slabs. The end of the side plate 17 away from the other side plate is connected to a connector. The bottom sides of the two adjacent bent beam side plates are connected by a base plate 3. A drainage channel 4 is formed between the two adjacent bent beams, namely the first bent beam 15 and the second bent beam 16 connected by the base plate 3, to allow water to flow. An opening groove 14 is provided on the top side of the bent beam side plate, and a cover plate 8 is supported by the opening groove 14. The end of the bent beam is connected to the adjacent cross beam through a connector. The two connectors at the end of the cross beam are spaced at a set distance to form a water inlet.

[0056] It needs to be explained that the base plate 3 covers the middle of the cross beam and is in contact with the slope 10. The anchors include anchor cables inserted into the base plate 3 and the slope surface and pads 6 supported by the opening slot 14. The anchor cables 22 are fixed to the sealing anchor 21 on the outside of the pads. The sealing anchor 21 is existing technology. The anchors pass through the base plate 3, and the pads 6 are supported by the opening slot 14 and fixed by the sealing anchor, which helps to ensure the reliability of the anchoring.

[0057] Understandably, the thickness of the pad 6 is greater than the thickness of the cover plate 8;

[0058] In this embodiment, the cover plate 8 covers the middle of the cross beam, and the cover plate and the bottom plate are provided with pre-drilled anchor holes 11 in the middle of the cross beam to facilitate the passage of the anchor cable 22. (Refer to...) Figure 3 As shown, after anchoring, the anchor cable 22 passes through the reserved anchor hole 11, and the pad 6 is located above the cover plate 8; in other embodiments, the cover plate is located on the side of the pad plate, and the cover plate in the cross beam is set lower than the pad plate. The cover plate is located on the side of the pad plate, and the pad plate is supported by the opening groove of the side plate.

[0059] The bottom plate is also a concrete slab, and the bottom plate and the side plates on both sides are connected as an integral structure during the prefabrication process; the cover plate can be a steel plate or a concrete slab.

[0060] Understandably, due to the structural limitations of the cross beam, the included angle between the two side plates in the bent beam is 90°.

[0061] In addition, the connector is an H-beam steel plate 13, which is pre-embedded in the side plate 17 of the bent beam and extends outward to a set length. The length of the extended part should be greater than or equal to 40cm. The concrete slab and the connector are connected during the factory prefabrication process. The H-beam steel plate 13 has good bending and compressive strength. The flange has enough space to arrange the first opening and the web has a large vertical space, which facilitates construction. The H-beam steel plates 13 are connected by splicing parts and the first fastener, which is simple to operate.

[0062] Understandably, the H-shaped steel plates at the top and bottom of two adjacent hollow cross beams are connected to each other, and the two adjacent cross beams 1 are detachably connected by locking parts and splicing parts;

[0063] The connector has a first opening, the splicing part has a second opening, and the first locking part passes through the first and second openings; the first locking part is specifically a bolt and nut structure, and the nut passes through the first and second openings to be tightened.

[0064] To ensure the strength and stability of the protective structure connection, the connector is provided with multiple first openings 2, arranged in multiple rows and columns; in this embodiment, two rows of first openings are provided, with adjacent rows of first openings staggered; see reference. Figure 4 As shown, in order to connect two adjacent cross beams, the splicing component is a splicing plate, specifically a splicing steel plate 7. The splicing steel plate 7 is provided with four rows of second openings 9, and the positions of the second openings of the splicing steel plate correspond to the positions of the first openings of the H-shaped steel plate.

[0065] Both the first and second openings are bolt holes.

[0066] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, considering that the side plate is a concrete slab, the H-beam is reserved at the side plate. The height of the side plate 17 is higher than the height of the H-beam 13, which facilitates the factory prefabrication of the bending beam.

[0067] Furthermore, the cover plate 8 and the side plate 17 are connected by a second locking member. The side plate has multiple bolt holes at the opening slots on both sides, and the second locking member passes through the bolt holes.

[0068] The second locking component is a bolt and nut structure. The bolt 5 and nut can ensure the reliability of the connection between the cover plate 8 and the side plate.

[0069] In addition, a downward step is provided on the top side of the side plate to form an opening groove, which enables the cover plate to engage with the side plate and also facilitates the support of the anchor plate at the bend of the bent beam; in some examples, it also facilitates the support of the plate.

[0070] To avoid the "group anchor effect" or stress concentration in a single anchor cable, the center-to-center distance between two adjacent prefabricated cross beams is set between 2 and 6 m.

[0071] In some examples, considering the large slope, the corresponding slope protection structure occupies a large area. However, there is also usable space in the bent beams of the slope protection structure. Support frames are set on the sides of some bent beams. The support frames can be support rods. The support frames support solar panels (a solar panel can be supported by multiple cross beams). With a large slope, a solar power generation device is built by setting up solar panels. By making full use of the slope protection structure, it is possible to continuously collect solar energy from the slope to power the facilities along the route.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] This embodiment provides a construction method for a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure, including the following:

[0074] Precast bent beam: The bent beam includes two side plates with a set angle between them. The side plates are connected to the bottom plate, and the ends of the side plates are connected to the connectors. A cover plate is installed between adjacent bent beams.

[0075] Precast anchors;

[0076] On-site construction:

[0077] Excavate the slope, and according to the construction drawings, measure and mark the position of cross beam 1 on the excavated slope surface.

[0078] According to the position of the cross beam 1 marked on the slope, grooves are made perpendicular to the slope surface so that the cross beam 1 can be installed on the slope surface. The grooves are excavated manually, and pneumatic picks are used to excavate rocky sections. The grooves are excavated according to the size of the cross beam, and the groove depth is greater than or equal to 30cm.

[0079] Within the anchor cable construction area, fixed piles are set at the start and end points using instruments, and the piles are densified in the middle as conditions permit. The positions of other slope anchor holes are measured with a steel ruler based on the fixed piles. The entire section is uniformly laid out and marked. The slope positioning deviation is less than or equal to 20mm, and the inclination of the slope anchor hole position is less than or equal to 5%.

[0080] The appropriate drilling equipment is selected based on the type of anchoring strata and the site conditions. Anchor bolt drilling rigs are used to drill holes in rock formations; existing casing drilling technology is used in strata prone to collapse, jamming, or burial due to fractured, soft, or water-saturated rock. A platform is erected using scaffolding poles and fixed to the slope. The drilling rig is then lifted onto the platform using a tripod. The anchor hole positions are marked on the slope, and the drilling rig is precisely installed and fixed. Simultaneously, high-pressure air is used to completely remove rock dust and water from the anchor holes to prevent reducing the bond strength between the cement mortar and the soil and rock walls.

[0081] Anchor cable adopted For the reinforcing bars, a set of existing reinforcing bar positioning brackets are installed at predetermined intervals along the anchor cable axis. Before installation, ensure that each reinforcing bar is straight, and remove rust and oil stains. Before installation, carefully check the slope anchor hole number again. After cleaning, manually and slowly insert the anchor cable into the slope anchor hole to ensure the anchorage length.

[0082] Grouting is injected into the hole using a grouting pump. The atmospheric pressure grouting operation starts from the bottom of the hole. The cement mortar uses PO52.5 cement (PO52.5 cement refers to silicate cement with a 28-day compressive strength > 52.5 MPa), with a water-cement ratio of 0.45 to 0.5. The cement mortar strength shall not be less than 30 MPa.

[0083] The cross beam 1 is transported to the slope construction site by truck. The cross beam 1 is placed into the slope trench from bottom to top using lifting equipment. The reserved anchor holes 11 of the cross beam 1 are aligned with the anchor holes of the slope. The anchor cable 22 passes through the reserved anchor holes 11 of the cross beam and the pad plate 6 in sequence. After passing through, the anchor cable is immediately prestressed with a jack and locked with a sealing anchor.

[0084] The connecting parts of two adjacent cross beams are connected by splicing steel plates;

[0085] Based on the tensioning and locking process determined by the on-site tensioning test, the tensioning load is applied in stages, and the next stage of tensioning load is applied only after each stage of tensioning load has stabilized; if stress relaxation occurs 48 hours after the anchor cable tensioning is completed, compensatory tensioning is performed.

[0086] After several prefabricated cross beams 1 are connected, their internal connections form drainage channels 4, providing channels for slope drainage. The solar panels supported by the cross beams will also form a considerable area after forming an overall structure, continuously collecting solar energy on the slope to generate electricity; or, grass or small shrubs can be planted in adjacent cross beams to restore slope vegetation.

[0087] It should be noted that the configuration formed by the slope protection structure in this embodiment is not limited to a square, and can be set into a rhombus or rectangle or other forms depending on the specific situation.

[0088] The protective structure provided in this embodiment is composed of cross beams assembled by bending beams, which are reliably connected and have high overall structural stability. It does not require on-site casting and can be prefabricated in advance, which helps to shorten the construction cycle and makes construction more convenient. The overall structure is hollow, and the connectors form water inlets and drainage channels, which facilitates slope drainage. Adjacent cross beams can be detachably connected by connectors, which is convenient for later maintenance.

[0089] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated hollow slope protection structure, characterized in that, It includes several prefabricated cross beams, with adjacent cross beams being detachably connected. Each cross beam includes four bent beams, which are assembled into a cross beam, and an anchor is provided at the center of the cross beam. The bent beam includes two side plates connected at a set angle. The end of one side plate away from the other side plate is connected to a connector. The bottom sides of two adjacent bent beam side plates are connected by a bottom plate. A drainage channel is formed between two adjacent bent beams. An opening groove is provided on the top side of the bent beam side plate. A cover plate is supported by the opening groove. The end of the bent beam is connected to an adjacent cross beam by a connector. A water inlet is formed between two connectors at the end of the cross beam at a set distance. The base plate covers the middle of the cross beam, and the anchor includes anchor cables inserted into the base plate and the slope. The anchor cables are provided with pads and sealing anchors at the anchorage section of the cross beam. The thickness of the pad is greater than the thickness of the cover plate; The cover plate covers the middle of the cross beam, or the cover plate is located on the side of the pad.

2. The prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the two side plates in the bent beam is 90°; The side panels are made of concrete slabs; the connecting parts are made of H-shaped steel plates.

3. The prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two adjacent cross beams are detachably connected by a first locking member and a splicing member; The connector is provided with a first opening, the splicing component is provided with a second opening, and the first locking component passes through the first opening and the second opening.

4. The prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connector is provided with multiple first openings, which are arranged in multiple rows and columns.

5. A prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the side plate is higher than the height of the connector. The cover plate and the side plate are connected by a second locking member.

6. The prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top side of the side plate is provided with a downward step to form the opening groove.

7. The prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support frame is provided on the side of the bent beam, and the support frame supports the solar panel.

8. A construction method for a prefabricated hollow slope protection structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following: Precast bent beam: The bent beam includes two side plates with a set angle between them. The side plates are connected to the bottom plate, and the ends of the side plates are connected to the connectors. A cover plate is installed between adjacent bent beams. Precast anchors; On-site construction: excavate trenches on the slope surface; drill holes on the slope surface to form slope anchor holes, place anchors in the slope anchor holes and grout; place the cross beams into the slope trenches, fix the anchors in the center of the cross beams and apply prestress; connect the connectors of adjacent cross beams.

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