Display panel and display device
By introducing a lens layer structure into the OLED display panel and utilizing the lens layer design with differences in transmittance and refractive index, the problems of increased thickness and reduced brightness caused by polarizers have been solved, achieving a thinner and lighter panel with increased brightness.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KUNSHAN GO VISIONOX OPTO ELECTRONICS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-03-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-22
AI Technical Summary
In the process of using polarizers to reduce ambient light reflectivity, existing OLED display panels suffer from increased panel thickness and reduced brightness. At the same time, the manufacturing process of COE technology is complicated, affecting production capacity and yield.
The lens layer structure includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer. The transmittance of the first dielectric layer is less than that of the second dielectric layer. Grooves are provided to filter out reflected ambient light. The brightness of the emitted light is increased and the reflectance is reduced by adjusting the refractive index and transmittance, thus eliminating the need for a color filter or polarizer.
It achieves a thinner and lighter display panel design, simplifies the manufacturing process, improves the light output brightness and display effect at different viewing angles, and reduces ambient light reflectivity.
Smart Images
Figure CN116249384B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more specifically to a display panel and a display device having the display panel. Background Technology
[0002] Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display panels are widely used in the display industry due to their advantages such as light weight, self-illumination, wide viewing angle, low driving signal, high luminous efficiency, low power consumption, and fast response speed. Furthermore, to reduce the reflection of ambient light by the metal layer in the OLED display panel, a polarizer is attached to the panel to reduce its reflectivity and enhance screen contrast. However, the use of polarizers increases the thickness of the display panel and reduces brightness. Therefore, a COE (Color On Encapsulation) technology has emerged, which fabricates a color filter on top of the encapsulation layer to replace the polarizer and achieve the anti-reflection effect. However, this technology suffers from a more complex manufacturing process, affecting the production capacity and yield of display panels.
[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a new solution that can address the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a display panel, which includes a substrate, a display functional layer, and a lens layer. The display functional layer is located on the substrate and includes a plurality of light-emitting devices and traces for enabling the light-emitting devices to emit light. The lens layer is located on the light-emitting side of the display functional layer and includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer is located between the second dielectric layer and the display functional layer, and a groove is formed on the surface of the first dielectric layer facing away from the display functional layer. The second dielectric layer at least partially fills the groove, and the light transmittance of the first dielectric layer is less than that of the second dielectric layer.
[0005] In the above scheme, the transmittance of the first dielectric layer constituting the lens structure is configured to be less than that of the second dielectric layer constituting the lens structure. This can filter out reflected ambient light, thus eliminating the need for additional color filters or polarizers. This not only simplifies the manufacturing process of the display panel but also facilitates the realization of a thinner and lighter design for the display panel.
[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the groove is configured to correspond to a light-emitting device, and a portion of the trace located in the non-light-emitting area is located within the gap of the groove. Further, the grooves correspond one-to-one with the light-emitting devices, and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device on the substrate lies within the orthographic projection of the groove on the substrate, while the orthographic projection of a portion of the trace on the substrate falls outside the orthographic projection of the groove on the substrate.
[0007] In the above scheme, setting the size of the groove to be larger than the size of the light-emitting device can control the emission direction of light with a large range of emission angles emitted by the light-emitting device, which is beneficial to increasing the forward light emission of the light-emitting device.
[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the light transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove region is greater than the light transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove gap. Further, the light transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove region is not less than 50%, and the light transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove gap is not greater than 30%.
[0009] In the above scheme, setting the transmittance of the corresponding light-emitting device area of the first dielectric layer to be greater than the transmittance of the corresponding non-light-emitting device area of the first dielectric layer can improve the light output brightness of the display panel.
[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first dielectric layer is a continuous film layer. Further, the first dielectric layer is an optical adhesive layer doped with a light-shielding material.
[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove region is less than the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove gap.
[0012] In the above scheme, setting the light-blocking concentration of the first dielectric layer in the groove portion to be less than the light-blocking concentration of the first dielectric layer in the groove gap portion can make the portion of the first dielectric layer in the groove gap smaller under the premise of minimum thickness, and have lower light transmittance, which is beneficial to achieving a thinner and lighter display panel.
[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the refractive index of the first dielectric layer is less than the refractive index of the second dielectric layer.
[0014] In the above scheme, at the junction of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, the light emitted by the light-emitting device converges in a direction perpendicular to the display panel, thereby improving the brightness of the light emitted from the display panel at a normal viewing angle.
[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer and a second sub-dielectric layer, located between the first sub-dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer to enclose a groove.
[0016] In the above scheme, setting the first medium layer as a double-layer structure can reduce the production difficulty of the groove, thereby saving production costs.
[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first sub-dielectric layer and the second sub-dielectric layer are optical adhesive layers doped with light-shielding materials. Further, the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the first sub-dielectric layer is lower than the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the second sub-dielectric layer.
[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the refractive index of the first sub-dielectric layer and the second sub-dielectric layer is less than the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer. Further, the refractive index of the first sub-dielectric layer is less than the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer.
[0019] In the above scheme, in the light emitted by the light-emitting device, not only does a portion of the light converge in a direction perpendicular to the display panel at the junction of the first sub-dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, but another portion of the light undergoes total internal reflection at the junction of the second sub-dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer or converges in a direction perpendicular to the display panel, which improves the brightness of the display panel at the normal viewing angle.
[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the refractive index of the first sub-dielectric layer is less than the refractive index of the second dielectric layer, and the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer is greater than the refractive index of the second dielectric layer.
[0021] In the above scheme, in the light emitted by the light-emitting device, part of the light converges in a direction perpendicular to the display panel at the junction of the first sub-dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, while another part of the light diverges in a direction perpendicular to the display panel at the junction of the second sub-dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, thereby improving the color shift problem of the display panel at a wide viewing angle.
[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the display functional layer further includes a pixel defining layer located in the gap between the light-emitting devices to limit the light-emitting devices, and the pixel defining layer includes a light-shielding material.
[0023] In the above scheme, setting the pixel boundary layer to include light-shielding material further improves the anti-reflective capability of the display panel.
[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the bottom surface of the first dielectric layer located in the groove has a plurality of protrusions. Further, the planar dimension of the protrusions is 0.1 to 1 micrometer, and / or the spacing between the protrusions is 0.1 to 1 micrometer.
[0025] In the above solution, the portion of the first dielectric layer corresponding to the groove is configured with multiple protrusions, which facilitates diffuse reflection of ambient light, thereby further reducing the reflectivity of the display panel to ambient light. Furthermore, this solution can also diffusely reflect the light emitted from the light-emitting device, thus improving the large viewing angle color shift problem present in the display panel.
[0026] A second aspect of this application provides a display panel comprising a substrate, a display functional layer on the substrate, and a lens layer on the light-emitting side of the display functional layer. The display functional layer includes a plurality of light-emitting devices, traces for enabling the light-emitting devices to emit light, and a pixel defining layer. The pixel defining layer is located within the gaps between the light-emitting devices to limit their movement and includes a light-shielding material. The lens layer includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer stacked together. The refractive index of the first dielectric layer is less than that of the second dielectric layer, and the light transmittance of the first dielectric layer is less than that of the second dielectric layer. A groove is formed on the surface of the first dielectric layer, and at least a portion of the second dielectric layer fills the groove. Each groove corresponds to a light-emitting device, and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device onto the substrate lies within the orthographic projection of the groove onto the substrate. The orthographic projection of a portion of the traces onto the substrate falls outside the orthographic projection of the groove onto the substrate. The first dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer and a second sub-dielectric layer located between the first sub-dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer. The second sub-dielectric layer surrounds the groove. The light transmittance of the first sub-dielectric layer is less than that of the second sub-dielectric layer, and the bottom surface of the first sub-dielectric layer within the groove has a plurality of protrusions.
[0027] A third aspect of this application provides a display device that includes the display panel of any of the first aspects described above. Attached Figure Description
[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of one design structure of the display panel along MN.
[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view along MN of another design structure for the display panel.
[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the lens layer of a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view along MN of another design structure for the display panel.
[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the optical path of the lens layer in one design structure of the display panel.
[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the optical path of the lens layer in another design structure of the display panel.
[0035] Figure 8 An enlarged view of the groove in the light-transmitting layer of a display panel design structure provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0036] Figure 9 An enlarged view of the recess in the light-transmitting layer of another design of the display panel provided in one embodiment of this application.
[0037] Figure 10 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view along MN of another design structure for the display panel.
[0038] Figure 11 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view along MN of another design structure for the display panel. Detailed Implementation
[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this specification.
[0040] To reduce the impact of ambient light reflection on the visual effect of OLED display panels, polarizers are typically attached to the surface of the encapsulation cover glass. Traditional polarizers consist of multiple stacked layers, such as a protective film, a first protective layer, a polarizing layer, a second protective layer, a first adhesive layer, a delay layer, a second adhesive layer, and a release film. This reduces the light transmittance of the OLED display panel with the polarizer attached, severely affecting its power consumption performance. To address this issue, Color On Encapsulation (COE) technology was developed. Specifically, a black matrix corresponding to the non-emitting areas of different light-emitting devices in the OLED display panel is set on the side of the encapsulation layer opposite to the display layer, and a color filter (i.e., color resist) corresponding to the light-emitting devices is set within adjacent black matrices. Compared to the approximately 45% transmittance of the polarizer, the transmittance of the color filter can be increased to 70%, significantly reducing the power consumption of the OLED display panel. However, the COE fabrication process requires photolithography to form the black matrix, which affects the panel's production capacity and yield, increasing manufacturing costs.
[0041] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a display panel comprising a substrate, a display functional layer, and a lens layer. The display functional layer is located on the substrate and includes multiple light-emitting devices and traces for realizing light emission from the light-emitting devices. The lens layer is located on the light-emitting side of the display functional layer and includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer is located between the second dielectric layer and the display functional layer, and a groove is formed on the surface of the first dielectric layer facing away from the display functional layer. The second dielectric layer at least partially fills the groove, and the light transmittance of the first dielectric layer is less than that of the second dielectric layer. Thus, by configuring the light transmittance of the first dielectric layer constituting the lens structure to be less than that of the second dielectric layer constituting the lens structure, specifically by setting the first dielectric layer to gray, reflected ambient light can be filtered out, thereby eliminating the need for additional color filters or polarizers. This not only simplifies the manufacturing process of the display panel but also facilitates the realization of a thinner and lighter design for the display panel. Furthermore, setting the first dielectric layer to gray not only absorbs ambient light entering the display panel, but also absorbs light emitted from the light-emitting device to the outside of the display panel. This reduces the amount of ambient light reflected by the display panel and also affects the amount of light emitted by the display panel. Based on this, in the design scheme of setting a lens layer on the side of the display functional layer away from the substrate in this embodiment, adjusting the refractive index of the upper and lower film layers of the lens layer can increase the amount of light emitted by the display panel at different viewing angles, thereby reducing the impact of setting the first dielectric layer to gray on the light emission efficiency of the display panel.
[0042] The structure of a display panel according to at least one embodiment of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In these embodiments, a spatial Cartesian coordinate system is established with reference to the display substrate (e.g., its display surface) to describe the positions of the various structures in the display panel. In this spatial Cartesian coordinate system, the X-axis and Y-axis are parallel to the display substrate, and the Z-axis is perpendicular to the display substrate.
[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a display panel provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of one design structure of the display panel along MN.
[0044] For example, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the planar area of the display panel 10 can be divided into a display area AA and a non-display area NA surrounding the display area AA. The display area AA is used to arrange sub-pixels to display images, while the non-display area NA can be used to arrange traces and circuit connections (e.g., bonding chips or flexible circuit boards). The physical structure of the display panel 10 includes a substrate 100, a display functional layer 200, and a lens layer 300 stacked sequentially. The display functional layer 200 includes multiple light-emitting devices 210 and traces 230. The light-emitting devices 210 are located in the display area AA to form sub-pixels (e.g., ...). Figure 1The main light-emitting structure consists of a sub-pixel R emitting red light, a sub-pixel G emitting green light, and a sub-pixel B emitting blue light. The lens layer 300 is located in the display area AA and on the light-emitting side of the display functional layer 200. The trace 230 is used to connect the light-emitting and driving circuits of the light-emitting device 210 to the chip. The lens layer 300 includes a first dielectric layer 310 and a second dielectric layer 320 stacked sequentially on the side of the display functional layer 200 away from the substrate 100. A groove 330 is provided on the surface of the first dielectric layer 310 away from the display functional layer 200, and a portion of the second dielectric layer 320 fills this groove 330. The transmittance of the first dielectric layer 310 is less than that of the second dielectric layer 320. Thus, the lower transmittance of the first dielectric layer 310 allows for greater loss of ambient light entering the display area, reducing the impact of ambient light on the display panel's display effect. Meanwhile, the arrangement of setting a lens layer 300 on the side of the display functional layer 200 away from the substrate 100 reduces the loss of light emitted from the light-emitting device into the environment by the first dielectric layer 310.
[0045] It should be understood that the structure of the display panel in this application is not limited to the schemes in the examples above. For example, the types of subpixels in the display panel are not limited to subpixels R, G, and B; they can include any one or any two of these subpixels, or subpixels that emit other colors (e.g., yellow). Furthermore, the pixel arrangement structure is not limited to the RGB arrangement provided in the examples above; it can also be an RGBG arrangement, etc. All of these can be designed according to the requirements of the display panel, and will not be elaborated upon here.
[0046] Based on the structure of the display panel described above, this embodiment will further define the relationship between the groove on the first medium and the light-emitting device.
[0047] For example, in some embodiments, the recess is configured to correspond to the light-emitting device, and the trace is located in the non-light-emitting area of the display panel. Thus, at the junction of the first and second dielectric layers, i.e., at the inner edge of the recess, the direction of light emitted from the light-emitting device can be adjusted based on the difference in refractive index between the first and second dielectric layers, thereby increasing the brightness of the display panel at different viewing angles as needed. For example, as... Figure 2As shown, a first dielectric layer 310 and a second dielectric layer 320 are stacked on a substrate 100. The first dielectric layer 310 defines a plurality of grooves 330 opposite to the light-emitting devices 210. Specifically, it includes a first groove 330a and a second groove 330b extending sequentially in the Y direction. The orthographic projection of the first groove 330a on the substrate 100 covers the orthographic projections of two adjacent light-emitting devices 210 on the substrate 100, and the orthographic projection of the second groove 330b on the substrate 100 covers the orthographic projection of one light-emitting device 210 on the substrate 100. A portion of the trace 230 located in the non-light-emitting area is located within the gap between the first groove 330a and the second groove 330b.
[0048] It should be understood that the structure of the first groove and the second groove, as well as the corresponding area of their orthographic projection on the substrate, can be the same or different. They are not limited to the design schemes of the first groove and the second groove in the above example. Furthermore, the design scheme of the wiring is not limited to the non-light-emitting area in the above example. There are also wiring diagrams inside the light-emitting device and corresponding to the light-emitting area, which are not shown. All of these can be designed according to the production requirements of the display panel, and will not be elaborated here.
[0049] Based on the scheme of corresponding grooves and light-emitting devices, this embodiment further defines the relationship between their orthogonal projections on the substrate, as follows.
[0050] For example, in at least one embodiment, the groove corresponds one-to-one with the light-emitting device, and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device on the substrate lies within the orthographic projection of the groove on the substrate, while the orthographic projection of the traces located in the non-light-emitting area falls outside the orthographic projection of the groove on the substrate. For example, as... Figure 3 As shown, on the surface of the first dielectric layer 310 of the display panel 10 opposite to the light-emitting device 210, grooves 330 corresponding to the light-emitting devices 210 are formed. The orthographic projection of each groove 330 on the display functional layer 200 covers the corresponding light-emitting device 210. The orthographic projection of the portion of the traces 230 located in the non-light-emitting area on the substrate 100 falls outside the orthographic projection of the groove 330 on the substrate 100. Thus, the size (planar area) of the groove 330 is larger than the size (planar area) of the light-emitting device 210, thereby allowing control over the emission direction of light emitting from the light-emitting device 210 over a wider range of emission angles. This is beneficial for increasing the light-emitting area and light emission of sub-pixels. Furthermore, since the grooves cover the portion of the traces 230 located in the non-light-emitting area, the reflection of these traces to ambient light can be reduced.
[0051] It should be understood that the above example only provides a solution for forming a groove on the surface of the first dielectric layer away from the substrate, and does not limit the specific structure of the groove.
[0052] For example, in some embodiments, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the groove along the Z-axis may tend to be an inverted trapezoid, and the top edge (i.e., the short side) of the inverted trapezoid is close to the first dielectric layer, while the bottom edge (i.e., the long side) of the inverted trapezoid is far away from the first dielectric layer. Furthermore, when the shape of the groove is set to tend to be an inverted trapezoid, the shape of the sidewalls of the groove is not specifically limited.
[0053] For example, in some embodiments, the sidewall of the groove can be either planar or curved. When the sidewall is curved, the curved surface can protrude or recess relative to the inside of the groove, and the junction between the curved surface and other interfaces is smoothly formed. This allows the change in the light emission direction at the interface between the surface and the curved surface to be gradual, ensuring uniform brightness changes in the displayed image when viewed from different angles, thereby improving the display effect. Furthermore, controlling the curvature of the surface controls the range of light emission (reflection and / or transmission) angles at the curved surface, thus adjusting the amount of light emitted from different viewing angles. All of these can be limited according to the functional requirements of the display panel and will not be elaborated further here.
[0054] Based on the above correspondence between the grooves on the first dielectric layer and the light-emitting device, this embodiment will next limit the transmittance of the first dielectric layer as follows.
[0055] In some embodiments, the transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove region is greater than the transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove gap. In at least one embodiment, the transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove region is not less than 50%, and the transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove gap is not greater than 30%. Thus, by setting the transmittance of the corresponding light-emitting device region of the first dielectric layer to be greater than the transmittance of the corresponding non-light-emitting device region of the first dielectric layer, the light emission brightness of the display panel can be improved.
[0056] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first dielectric layer 310 of the lens layer 300 includes a first portion 311 and a second portion 312. The orthographic projection of the first portion 311 onto the substrate 100 covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding light-emitting device 210 onto the substrate 100, while the orthographic projection of the second portion 312 onto the substrate 100 falls outside the light-emitting device 210. Furthermore, the transmittance of the first portion 311 of the first dielectric layer 310 corresponding to the light-emitting area of the light-emitting device is greater than the transmittance of the second portion 312 of the first dielectric layer 310 corresponding to the non-light-emitting area of the display panel. Specifically, the transmittance of the first portion is any one of 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%, and the transmittance of the second portion is any one of 30%, 20%, 10%, and 5%.
[0057] It should be understood that the light transmittance of the first and second portions of the first dielectric layer is not limited to the parameters in the above example. They can also be other parameters. For example, the light transmittance of the first portion can be any one of 55%, 65%, 75%, 85%, or 95%, and the transmittance of the second portion can be any one of 25%, 15%, or 5%. These can be designed according to the needs of the display panel, and will not be elaborated here.
[0058] In addition to limiting the transmittance of the first dielectric layer, this proposal also limits the structure of the first dielectric layer.
[0059] For example, in some embodiments, the first dielectric layer is a continuous film layer. In at least one embodiment, the first dielectric layer is an optical adhesive layer doped with a light-shielding material. Exemplarily, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the first dielectric layer 310 and the groove 330 on its surface opposite to the substrate 100 are integrally formed optical adhesive layers, which are doped with light-shielding materials. The light-shielding materials may include light-absorbing materials such as graphite, carbon black, etc., or may be doped with other colored materials or light-absorbing materials.
[0060] Based on the above design of the first dielectric layer as a single-layer film structure, this embodiment will further define the characteristics related to the light transmittance of the first dielectric layer in different regions relative to the groove, as follows.
[0061] In some embodiments, the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove area is lower than the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove gap. Thus, by setting the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the groove portion of the first dielectric layer to be lower than the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the groove gap portion of the first dielectric layer, the portion in the groove gap of the first dielectric layer can be smaller while maintaining a minimum thickness, resulting in lower light transmittance, which is beneficial for achieving a thinner and lighter display panel.
[0062] For example, such as Figure 3As shown, the transmittance of the first portion 311 of the first dielectric layer 310 is greater than that of the second portion 312 of the first dielectric layer 310. Therefore, in the process of doping the light-shielding material, the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the first portion 311 is lower than that in the second portion 312. Furthermore, the transmittance of the first portion 311 and the second portion 312 is related not only to the doping concentration of their respective light-shielding materials but also to their respective thicknesses (height in the thickness direction of the display panel). Specifically, given a fixed thickness of the first portion 311 and the second portion 312, the higher the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in each portion, the lower the transmittance of the corresponding portion. Therefore, the thickness of the first portion 311 and the second portion 312 can be controlled within a certain numerical range by adjusting the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the first portion 311 and the second portion 312.
[0063] In addition to limiting the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in different regions of the first dielectric layer, this embodiment also limits the refractive index relationship between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer.
[0064] For example, in some embodiments, the refractive index of the first dielectric layer is less than that of the second dielectric layer. Thus, at the junction of the first and second dielectric layers, the light emitted from the light-emitting device converges in a direction perpendicular to the display panel, improving the brightness of the display panel at a normal viewing angle.
[0065] For example, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 310 is less than that of the second dielectric layer 320. The groove 330 on the surface of the first dielectric layer 310 facing away from the substrate 100 is filled by the second dielectric layer 320. Therefore, in the area where the groove 330 is located, the light rays G1 and G2 emitted by the light-emitting device 210 that pass through the first dielectric layer 310 to the sidewall of the groove 330 will tend to be perpendicular to the Z-axis when entering the second dielectric layer 320. That is, the light rays G1 and G2 tend to exit at a positive viewing angle. In this way, the light output brightness of the display panel at a positive viewing angle can be increased. Furthermore, the large-angle light G3 (from the optically denser medium to the optically less dense medium) emitted by the light-emitting device 210 and passing through the second dielectric layer 320 to the sidewall of the groove 330 may undergo total internal reflection at the sidewall of the groove 330, thereby making the reflection direction of the light G3 tend to be perpendicular to the Z-axis, that is, making the light G3 tend to be emitted at a positive viewing angle. In this way, the brightness of the display panel at a positive viewing angle can be further increased.
[0066] It should be understood that the above examples only define the refractive index between the first and second dielectric layers included in the lens layer, and do not mean that the lens structure in the display panel only includes the above scheme. For example, the refractive index of the first dielectric layer can be set to be greater than the refractive index of the substrate's adjacent receiving layer (e.g., encapsulation layer), so that light rays with an angle directly incident on the first dielectric layer are refracted at the interface between the first dielectric layer and the display substrate, and the angle of refraction is smaller than the angle of incidence, so that the refracted light rays tend to exit at a positive viewing angle. In this way, the brightness of the display panel at a positive viewing angle can be further increased.
[0067] Unlike the design scheme in the above embodiments where the first dielectric layer is set as a single-layer film, the first dielectric layer can also be set as a multi-layer structure, as shown in the following specific scheme.
[0068] In some embodiments, the first dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer and a second sub-dielectric layer, located between the first sub-dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer to enclose the groove. Thus, by configuring the first dielectric layer as a double-layer structure, the manufacturing difficulty of the groove can be reduced, thereby saving production costs.
[0069] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first dielectric layer 310 includes a first sub-dielectric layer 313 disposed on the side of the display functional layer 200 away from the substrate 100 and a second sub-dielectric layer 314 disposed on the surface of the first sub-dielectric layer 313 away from the display functional layer 200. The orthographic projection of the first sub-dielectric layer 313 on the display functional layer 200 covers the light-emitting and non-light-emitting areas of the display functional layer 200. The orthographic projection of the second sub-dielectric layer 314 on the display functional layer 200 falls outside the light-emitting device 210. That is to say, the second sub-dielectric layer 314 does not completely cover the surface of the first sub-dielectric layer 313. It appears as a protrusion on the surface of the first sub-dielectric layer 313, surrounding the groove 330 on the side of the first dielectric layer 310 away from the display functional layer 200.
[0070] Based on the above design scheme of the first dielectric layer being a double-layer film structure, this embodiment further limits the transmittance of different film layers, as follows.
[0071] In some embodiments, the first sub-dielectric layer and the second sub-dielectric layer are optical adhesive layers doped with light-shielding materials. In at least one embodiment, the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the first sub-dielectric layer is less than the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the second sub-dielectric layer.
[0072] For example, such as Figure 5As shown, both the first sub-dielectric layer 313 and the second sub-dielectric layer 314 are optical adhesive layers, and their light transmittance is altered through a doping process. Specifically, the concentration of light-shielding material doped in the optical adhesive layer corresponding to the first sub-dielectric layer 313 is lower than that in the optical adhesive layer corresponding to the second sub-dielectric layer 314. This increases the blocking effect of the first dielectric layer 310 on ambient light while reducing its impact on the light extraction efficiency of the display panel.
[0073] Furthermore, this embodiment also designs the refractive index relationship for a first dielectric layer that is a double-layer film, as follows. In some embodiments, the refractive index of the first sub-dielectric layer and the second sub-dielectric layer is less than the refractive index of the second dielectric layer. Thus, in the light emitted by the light-emitting device, not only does a portion of the light converge at the interface between the first sub-dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer in a direction perpendicular to the display panel, but another portion of the light undergoes total internal reflection at the interface between the second sub-dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer or converges in a direction perpendicular to the display panel. In at least one embodiment, the refractive index of the first sub-dielectric layer is less than the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer.
[0074] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, when the first dielectric layer 310 includes a stack of layers, such as a first sub-dielectric layer 313a and a second sub-dielectric layer 314a, the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer 314a can be further designed to be greater than that of the first sub-dielectric layer 313a. Thus, when the first sub-dielectric layer 313a, the second sub-dielectric layer 314a, and the second dielectric layer 320a are sequentially stacked on the display functional layer 200, the refractive indices of the three layers increase sequentially, which is more conducive to increasing the light emission rate at the positive viewing angle. (Refer to...) Figure 6As can be seen from the optical path, the large-angle light ray G1 first passes through the first sub-dielectric layer 313a and then enters the sidewall of the groove 330 on the surface of the first sub-dielectric layer 313a away from the display function layer 200. It then enters the second dielectric layer 320a through the second sub-dielectric layer 314a. At the junction of the first sub-dielectric layer 313a and the second sub-dielectric layer 314a (from light sparse to light dense), the refraction angle of the light ray G1 is smaller than the incident angle, so that the light ray G1 is straightened once at the sidewall of the groove 330. After that, when the light ray G1 passes through the junction of the second sub-dielectric layer 314a and the second dielectric layer 320a (from light sparse to light dense), the light ray G1 can be straightened again. Furthermore, the obliquely incident light ray G2 (with a smaller oblique angle) first passes through the first sub-dielectric layer 313a and then enters the second dielectric layer 320a (from less dense to denser). The refraction angle of light ray G2 is smaller than the incident angle, so that light ray G2 is straightened once at the junction of the first sub-dielectric layer 313a and the second dielectric layer 320a. As can be seen from the above description, the above design further improves the straightness of light when passing through the lens unit, thereby increasing the amount of light emitted by the display panel at a normal viewing angle.
[0075] Based on the design scheme that the first dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer and a second sub-dielectric layer, this embodiment also limits other schemes regarding the relationship between the refractive indices of the second dielectric layer and the two sub-dielectric layers.
[0076] For example, in some embodiments, the refractive index of the first sub-dielectric layer is less than that of the second dielectric layer, and the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer is greater than that of the second dielectric layer. Thus, in the light emitted by the light-emitting device, while a portion of the light converges at the interface between the first and second sub-dielectric layers in a direction perpendicular to the display panel, another portion of the light diverges at the interface between the second sub-dielectric layers in a direction perpendicular to the display panel, thereby improving the color shift problem of the display panel at large viewing angles.
[0077] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, when the first dielectric layer 310 includes a stack of layers, such as a first sub-dielectric layer 313b and a second sub-dielectric layer 314b, the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer 314b is designed to be greater than that of the first sub-dielectric layer 313b, and the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer 314b is greater than that of the second dielectric layer 320b, while the refractive index of the first sub-dielectric layer 313b is less than that of the second dielectric layer 320b. Thus, when the first sub-dielectric layer 313b, the second sub-dielectric layer 314b, and the second dielectric layer 320b are sequentially stacked on the display functional layer 200, the refractive indices of the three layers are relatively low, which is more conducive to increasing the light output efficiency from multiple viewing angles. (Refer to...) Figure 7As can be seen from the optical path, the large-angle light ray G4 first passes through the first sub-dielectric layer 313b and then enters the sidewall of the groove 330 on the surface of the first sub-dielectric layer 313b away from the display function layer 200. It then enters the second sub-dielectric layer 320b through the second sub-dielectric layer 314b. At the junction of the first sub-dielectric layer 313b and the second sub-dielectric layer 314b (from light sparse to light dense), the refraction angle of the light ray G4 is smaller than the incident angle, so that the light ray G4 is straightened once at the sidewall of the groove 330b. After that, when the light ray G4 passes through the junction of the second sub-dielectric layer 314b and the second sub-dielectric layer 320b (from light dense to light sparse), the refraction angle of the light ray G4 is larger than the incident angle, so that the light ray G4 is diverged at the junction of the second sub-dielectric layer 314b and the second sub-dielectric layer 320b. Furthermore, the obliquely incident light ray G5 (with a smaller oblique angle) first passes through the first sub-dielectric layer 313b and then enters the second dielectric layer 320b (from less dense to denser). The refraction angle of the light ray G5 is smaller than the incident angle, so that the light ray G5 is straightened once at the junction of the first sub-dielectric layer 313b and the second dielectric layer 320b.
[0078] Unlike the limitations on parameters such as transmittance and refractive index of the first and second dielectric layers in the lens layer, this embodiment also designs other film layer structures in the display panel.
[0079] For example, in some embodiments, the display functional layer further includes a pixel defining layer located in the gap between the light-emitting devices to limit the light-emitting devices, and the pixel defining layer includes a light-shielding material. Thus, designing the pixel defining layer to include a light-shielding material not only effectively reduces the reflectivity of the screen to external light, but also eliminates the need for a black matrix (BM), further improving the anti-reflective capability of the display panel while simplifying the display panel manufacturing process.
[0080] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, the pixel defining layer 220 located in the display functional layer 200 is made of a light-shielding material or a light-absorbing material. Specifically, the light-shielding material can be a black material, and the black material can be ink or black resin. This not only absorbs the ambient light entering the display panel, but also blocks the ultra-wide viewing angle light emitted by the light-emitting device 210 located in the opening area of the pixel defining layer 220, further improving the display effect of the display panel. Thus, in conjunction with the anti-reflection effect of the first dielectric layer 310, the pixel defining layer 220, and the light-emitting device 210 on external ambient light, the ambient light elimination effect of this display panel is comparable to that of a display panel using COE technology.
[0081] For example, in some embodiments, the bottom surface of the first dielectric layer located in the groove has multiple protrusions. In at least one embodiment, the planar dimension of the protrusions is 0.1 to 1 micrometer, and / or the spacing between the protrusions is 0.1 to 1 micrometer. Thus, the arrangement of multiple protrusions on the portion of the first dielectric layer corresponding to the groove facilitates diffuse reflection of ambient light, thereby further reducing the reflectivity of the display panel to ambient light. For example, as... Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the surface of the portion of the first dielectric layer 310 located within the groove is provided with a plurality of protrusions 316, and the height of the protrusions 316 does not exceed the height of the groove on the first dielectric layer 310. The spacing between adjacent protrusions 316 is 0.1 to 1 micrometer, for example 0.1 micrometer, 0.2 micrometer, 0.3 micrometer, 0.4 micrometer, 0.5 micrometer, 0.6 micrometer, 0.7 micrometer, 0.8 micrometer, 0.9 micrometer, and 1 micrometer. The maximum planar dimension of the orthographic projection of each protrusion 316 onto the substrate is 0.1 to 1 micrometer, for example 0.1 micrometer, 0.2 micrometer, 0.3 micrometer, 0.4 micrometer, 0.5 micrometer, 0.6 micrometer, 0.7 micrometer, 0.8 micrometer, 0.9 micrometer, and 1 micrometer.
[0082] It should be understood that the design of the protrusions is not limited to the design schemes in the examples above, but can also include other design schemes. For example, the shape of the longitudinal cross-section of the protrusion is not limited to a protrusion with a curved surface; it can also be any other shape such as a trapezoid, rectangle, or triangle. For example, the spacing between the protrusions, the size of the protrusions, and the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of each protrusion can be the same or different. Furthermore, protrusions can also be set on the sidewalls of the recesses. All of these can be designed according to the functional requirements of the display panel, and will not be elaborated further here.
[0083] This embodiment also provides a display panel, such as Figure 11As shown, the display panel includes a substrate 100, a display functional layer 200 located on the substrate 100, and a lens layer 300 located on the side of the display functional layer 200 facing away from the substrate 100 (light-emitting side). The display functional layer 200 includes a plurality of light-emitting devices 210, traces 230 for realizing light emission from the light-emitting devices 210, and a pixel defining layer 220. The pixel defining layer 220 is located within the gaps between the light-emitting devices 210 to limit the light-emitting devices 210, and includes a light-shielding material. The lens layer 300 includes a first dielectric layer 310 and a second dielectric layer 320 stacked together. The refractive index of the first dielectric layer 310 is less than that of the second dielectric layer 320, and the light transmittance of the first dielectric layer 310 is less than that of the second dielectric layer 320. A groove 330 is provided on the surface of the first dielectric layer 310, and at least a portion of the second dielectric layer 320 fills the groove 330. The groove 330 corresponds one-to-one with the light-emitting device 210, and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting device 210 on the substrate 100 is located within the orthographic projection of the groove 330 on the substrate 100. The orthographic projection of some of the traces 230 on the substrate 100 falls outside the orthographic projection of the groove 330 on the substrate 100. The first dielectric layer 310 includes a first sub-dielectric layer 313 and a second sub-dielectric layer 314 located between the first sub-dielectric layer 313 and the second dielectric layer 320. The second sub-dielectric layer 314 is used to surround the groove 330. The light transmittance of the first sub-dielectric layer 313 is less than that of the second sub-dielectric layer 314, and the bottom surface of the first sub-dielectric layer 313 in the groove 330 has multiple protrusions 316.
[0084] In this display panel, taking the top-emitting light-emitting device 210 as an example, the reflection of ambient light by the display panel will be explained. In this display panel, the anode of the light-emitting device 210 has the highest reflectivity, while the reflectivity of the traces 230 in the non-light-emitting area is relatively lower than that of the anode of the light-emitting device 210. First, for the light-emitting area of the display panel, the pixel aperture ratio of the light-emitting area is approximately 20%-30%. At the same time, the cathode of the light-emitting device 210 is generally a semi-transparent and semi-reflective structure and adopts a resonant cavity structure, which greatly reduces the reflection of ambient light by the anode of the light-emitting device 210. Second, the non-light-emitting area (the gap between the light-emitting devices) of the display panel is blocked by the black pixel defining layer 220, and the film thickness of the corresponding lens layer 300 set in the non-light-emitting area is greater than that of the corresponding lens layer 300 set in the light-emitting area. This effectively blocks the reflection of ambient light by the traces 230 in the non-light-emitting area. Furthermore, by setting the lens layer 300 as a double-layer structure with different refractive indices and transmittances, the amount of light emitted from the display panel at the normal viewing angle can be maintained without affecting the amount of light emitted, while also further eliminating the amount of ambient light reflected by the display panel.
[0085] At least one embodiment of this application also provides a display device, which may include the display panel described above. For example, the display device may also include other functional structures, such as a touch structure to provide touch functionality. For instance, the touch structure may be a touch panel or a touch layer. The touch panel can be bonded to the display panel, for example, positioned on the light-emitting side of the display panel; the touch layer can be directly fabricated on the encapsulation layer of the display panel to facilitate a thinner and lighter design of the display panel.
[0086] For example, the display device in the embodiments of this application can be any product or component with display function, such as a television, digital camera, mobile phone, watch, tablet computer, laptop computer, or navigator.
[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this specification and is not intended to limit this specification. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions made within the spirit and principles of this specification should be included within the scope of protection of this specification.
Claims
1. A display panel, characterized in that, include: Base; The display functional layer is located on the substrate and includes multiple light-emitting devices and traces for enabling the light-emitting devices to emit light. A lens layer is located on the light-emitting side of the display functional layer and includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer is located between the second dielectric layer and the display functional layer. The first dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer and a second sub-dielectric layer. The second sub-dielectric layer is located between the first sub-dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer. The second sub-dielectric layer forms a groove, and at least part of the second dielectric layer fills the groove. The groove corresponds one-to-one with the light-emitting device. The orthographic projection of the light-emitting device on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the groove on the substrate. The orthographic projection of a portion of the trace on the substrate falls outside the orthographic projection of the groove on the substrate. The sidewall of the groove is curved, and the curved surface smoothly connects with the bottom and top surfaces of the groove. The bottom surface of the groove has multiple protrusions. The transmittance of the first dielectric layer is less than that of the second dielectric layer, and the first dielectric layer is a gray film layer to filter out reflected ambient light; and The refractive indices of the first sub-dielectric layer and the second sub-dielectric layer are less than the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer, the refractive index of the first sub-dielectric layer is less than the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer, or the refractive index of the first sub-dielectric layer is less than the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer, and the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer is greater than the refractive index of the second sub-dielectric layer.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove area is greater than the light transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove gap.
3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The light transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove area is not less than 50%, and the light transmittance of the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove gap is not greater than 30%.
4. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first dielectric layer is a continuous film layer.
5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first dielectric layer is an optical adhesive layer doped with light-shielding material.
6. The display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove area is less than the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the portion of the first dielectric layer located in the groove gap.
7. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The refractive index of the first dielectric layer is less than that of the second dielectric layer.
8. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sub-dielectric layer and the second sub-dielectric layer are optical adhesive layers doped with light-shielding materials.
9. The display panel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the first sub-dielectric layer is less than the doping concentration of the light-shielding material in the second sub-dielectric layer.
10. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The display function layer also includes: A pixel defining layer is located in the gap between the light-emitting devices to limit the light-emitting devices; The pixel defining layer includes a light-shielding material.
11. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The planar dimension of the protrusion is 0.1 to 1 micrometer, and / or the spacing between the protrusions is 0.1 to 1 micrometer.
12. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.