A low-temperature rapid starting and heating system and a low-temperature rapid power taking method for special vehicles

Abstract

The application provides a special vehicle low-temperature rapid starting heating system and a low-temperature rapid power take-off method. The water circulation mode of simultaneously circulating heating of multiple cylinders of the engine is realized by using the bypass switching mode of the engine and the transmission heat dissipation cooling pipeline, and the rapid starting of the engine in the extremely cold environment can be completed in a short time (within 8 minutes). Meanwhile, the low-temperature starting pipeline switching protection circuit is provided, so that the driver can operate in the cab, and the switching of the water circuit of the low-temperature device and the water circuit of the transmission oil-water exchanger can be realized, and the abnormal situation that the transmission oil temperature is too high during driving due to the out-of-position switching caused by operation is avoided. The low-temperature rapid power take-off method provided by the application provides a transmission power take-off operation method according to the starting combustion characteristics of the engine in the low-temperature environment, so that the vehicle can rapidly realize the power take-off success (13 minutes) in the low-temperature environment, and the rapid reaction time of the vehicle equipment is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of special vehicle engineering, and in particular to a low-temperature rapid starting heating system and a low-temperature rapid power taking method for a special vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As special vehicles have increasingly stringent requirements for environmental adaptability, new requirements have been put forward for rapid low-temperature starting of vehicles in extremely cold environments of -40°C. To achieve rapid starting of vehicles in extremely cold environments, traditional vehicles usually use additional auxiliary heating devices to heat the cooling water of water-cooled engines, thereby heating the engine lubricating oil temperature, reducing the lubricating oil viscosity, and reducing the engine starting resistance to improve the engine starting performance in low-temperature conditions. For example, the published patent "A Low-Temperature Heating System for Diesel Engines" (Application Number: CN201610466158.7) uses a fuel heater to heat the circulating antifreeze coolant to quickly heat the engine fuel line. For example, using No. 0 diesel in an environmental condition of -10 degrees, using this patented technology, the engine can be started after heating for more than half an hour. Or using No. -20 diesel in an environmental condition of -30 degrees, the engine can be started after heating for more than half an hour.

[0003] However, due to the particularity of the equipment installed on special vehicles, they need to use grade diesel or lower grade diesel in extremely cold conditions (below -40 degrees). For example, if -50 military diesel is used, although the fuel (diesel) will not wax, the high-power engine still cannot be started without the use of additional heating equipment. Although the use of additional heating equipment for insulation has been proposed in the disclosed technology, the power is relatively small. If the conditions for starting a high-power engine need to be met, the heating time of the heating equipment is relatively long, usually more than half an hour, before the engine can be started.

[0004] In addition, the maximum engine power of conventional vehicles is 300-400KW. For high-power engines above 445kW, due to their large cylinder diameter, large number of cylinders, and the use of high-power multi-speed hydraulic automatic transmissions, starting in extremely cold temperatures is more difficult. The reasons are analyzed as follows:

[0005] Currently available technologies only enable the engine's built-in intake air heating function. The engine's reserved heating circuit only heats the front two cylinders and cannot quickly heat multi-cylinder engines (6 or more). This results in a prolonged engine start time, typically around half an hour, severely impacting vehicle response time. Other available technologies rely on heating the fuel system, which can pose safety hazards and result in casualties and vehicle damage.

[0006] In addition, since the special vehicle is required to work in high speed in some working conditions, the vehicle is usually provided with a power take-off device to ensure that the upper equipment quickly enters the ready state, so as to shorten the reaction time of the vehicle and give the upper equipment more time for operation and maintenance. Although the engine can be started successfully in a low-temperature environment, compared with the normal temperature environment, the intake temperature and the fuel temperature are low, the viscosity of the lubricating oil is still large, and several cylinders of the multi-cylinder engine are out of fire or out of combustion. In addition, the load of the transmission power take-off is large. According to the power take-off operation steps in the normal temperature environment, when the transmission power take-off is connected, the engine is easily extinguished, resulting in failure of the power take-off, and then the engine needs to be restarted in the extremely cold low-temperature condition, which seriously affects the reaction time of the vehicle. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a low-temperature rapid starting heating system for a special vehicle and a low-temperature rapid power take-off method.

[0008] In one aspect of the present application, the low-temperature rapid starting heating system for a vehicle provided by the present application uses an engine and a transmission heat dissipation cooling pipeline bypass switching mode to realize a water circulation mode for simultaneously circulating heating of multiple cylinders of the engine. The engine can be rapidly started in an extremely cold environment in a short time (within 8 minutes), avoiding heating of the combustible fuel system, thereby reducing the probability of safety hazards and engine damage, and the operation is convenient, safe and reliable. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0009] A low-temperature rapid starting heating system for a special vehicle, comprising an engine, a transmission, a transmission oil-water heat exchanger, a low-temperature starting auxiliary heating device, a pipeline switching valve I and a pipeline switching valve II; the low-temperature starting auxiliary heating device comprises a first auxiliary heating device, and the first auxiliary heating device is a liquid heating device;

[0010] The pipeline switching valve I and the pipeline switching valve II are both electrically driven valves, which can realize 90-degree forward and reverse rotation, and each has one inlet and two outlet communication positions;

[0011] The inlet of the retarder water inlet of the engine is connected with the inlet of the pipeline switching valve I, the first communication position of the pipeline switching valve I is connected with the inlet of the transmission oil-water heat exchanger, and the second communication position of the pipeline switching valve I is connected with the inlet of the first auxiliary heating device; the inlet of the retarder water outlet on the high-power water-cooled engine body is connected with the inlet of the pipeline switching valve II, the first communication position of the pipeline switching valve II is connected with the outlet of the transmission oil-water heat exchanger, and the second communication position of the pipeline switching valve II is connected with the outlet of the first auxiliary heating device.

[0012] In the embodiments provided by the present application, the first auxiliary heating device is a fuel liquid heating device.

[0013] Further, the low-temperature starting auxiliary heating device further comprises a second auxiliary heating device, which is a commercial power liquid heating device installed in the engine low-temperature auxiliary water circulation loop and controlled through a separate electric circuit to heat the anti-freezing coolant of the water-cooled diesel engine by using an electric heating tube.

[0014] Preferably, the engine is provided with an engine ECU as an electronic control unit, and the vehicle low-temperature rapid starting heating system further comprises an engine constant speed switch, an engine accelerator pedal and an instrument connected to the engine ECU. The engine accelerator pedal is installed in the driver's cabin, and a temperature sensor is installed on the engine body and connected to the engine ECU through an electric wire harness to transmit the temperature of the engine coolant to the engine ECU. The engine accelerator pedal and the engine constant speed switch are connected to the engine ECU through electric wire harnesses. The instrument is connected to the engine ECU and can display temperature and other information.

[0015] Preferably, the engine is further connected to an engine cooling system, which is automatically stopped when the engine cylinder head temperature detected by the engine ECU is lower than 76 degrees in a low-temperature condition.

[0016] In order to improve the rapid starting performance of the engine in extremely cold low-temperature environment, the engine and the transmission heat dissipation cooling pipeline bypass switching mode is used to realize the simultaneous circulation heating of multiple cylinders of the engine, and a switching valve must be used to realize the switching of the transmission heat dissipation circulation water circuit and the low-temperature starting circulation water circuit. Due to the large power requirement of the high-power engine and the transmission heat dissipation power, the pipe diameter is usually more than 50 mm. When a manual switching ball valve is used for switching, the required torque for opening and closing is large due to the large diameter, which is not convenient for personnel operation, especially in low-temperature environment. In extremely cold conditions, the cold shrinkage between the valve body and the valve seat increases the operation resistance, making personnel operation more inconvenient.

[0017] General electromagnetic switches cannot meet the switching requirements of large-diameter and large-flow pipelines. Usually, an electric motor driven speed reducer is used to drive the valve to rotate, and such an electric switching switch needs 10 to 15 seconds from full opening to full closing. Due to the time difference in switching, it is easy to cause misoperation of the driver. In the low-temperature starting or driving state, the switching is not completely in place, which will have a great impact on the low-temperature starting effect of the engine and the transmission heat dissipation effect in the driving state in the low-temperature environment.

[0018] Therefore, as another aspect of the present application, a low-temperature starting pipeline switching protection circuit is provided, which enables a driver to operate in the cab to switch the water pipeline of the low-temperature device and the water pipeline of the oil-water exchanger of the gearbox, and is provided with a misoperation prevention control switch and a switch position indicating lamp, so that the driver can clearly know whether the switching is in place, thereby avoiding the abnormal situation of the switching not being in place due to operation and the gearbox oil temperature being too high during driving.

[0019] The low-temperature quick starting heating system for vehicles comprises a pipeline switching protection circuit, which comprises a power supply, a power supply master switch, a pipeline protection circuit and an indicator lamp control circuit connected with the power supply and the power supply master switch, the pipeline protection circuit comprises a fuse, a pipeline switching protection switch and a pipeline switching control switch connected in sequence, the indicator lamp control circuit comprises pipeline switching valve I indicator lamp, pipeline switching valve II indicator lamp, pipeline switching protection switch backlight lamp and pipeline switching control switch backlight lamp connected in parallel, the pipeline switching protection switch backlight lamp is connected to the pipeline switching protection switch by a wire, the pipeline switching control switch backlight lamp is connected to the pipeline switching control switch by a wire, the pipeline switching valve I indicator lamp is connected to the pipeline switching control switch through the pipeline switching valve I, and the pipeline switching valve II indicator lamp is connected to the pipeline switching control switch through the pipeline switching valve II.

[0020] The power supply is a B-battery or an ES-380V mains power supply.

[0021] Further, the low-temperature quick starting heating system for vehicles further comprises a heating control circuit, which comprises a starting device and an engine intake preheating device connected in parallel, the low-temperature starting auxiliary heating device is connected to the heating control circuit, and specifically, the fuel liquid heating device and the mains liquid heating device are connected to the heating control circuit in parallel.

[0022] The starting device comprises a starter, a starting switch and a starting relay, the starter is sequentially connected with the starting relay and the starting switch, is controlled by the starting relay, and is connected with the power supply (B or ES) and the power supply master switch through the starting relay and the starting switch 303;

[0023] The engine intake preheating device comprises a grid heater installed at the connection of the engine intake pipe, the grid heater (engine self-provided) is sequentially connected with an intake preheating relay and an intake preheating switch, the grid heater is controlled by the intake preheating relay installed on the intake pipe, the intake preheating relay is connected with the power supply (B or ES) and the power supply master switch through the intake preheating switch, the intake preheating switch is connected with an intake preheating indicator lamp, and the intake preheating indicator lamp is connected to the indicator lamp control circuit in parallel.

[0024] The fuel liquid heating device comprises a fuel liquid heater, a fuel liquid heating relay and a fuel liquid control switch connected in sequence, the fuel liquid heater is controlled by the fuel liquid heating relay, and the fuel liquid control switch is connected with a power source (B or ES) and a power source main switch.

[0025] The city power liquid heating device comprises a city power liquid heater, a city power liquid heating contactor and a city power liquid heating switch connected in sequence, and the city power liquid heater and the city power liquid heating contactor 602 are connected with a city power 380V power source.

[0026] The pipeline switching valve I indicator light comprises a pipeline switching valve I in-place indicator light and a pipeline switching valve I reset indicator light; the pipeline switching valve II indicator light comprises a pipeline switching valve II in-place indicator light and a pipeline switching valve II reset indicator light; two communication positions of the pipeline switching valve I and the pipeline switching valve II are respectively provided with in-place travel switches; the pipeline switching valve I in-travel in-place switch is connected with the pipeline switching valve I in-place indicator light and the pipeline switching valve I reset indicator light, and the pipeline switching valve II in-travel in-place switch is connected with the pipeline switching valve II in-place indicator light and the pipeline switching valve II reset indicator light.

[0027] Further, the application provides a low-temperature environment transmission power take-off operation method according to the starting combustion characteristics of an engine in a low-temperature environment, which can ensure that the vehicle quickly realizes power take-off success in a low-temperature environment, makes the engine realize rapid transmission power take-off within 13 minutes in an extremely cold environment, makes the upper-mounted equipment enter a working state, and ensures the quick reaction time of the vehicle equipment. The above purposes are realized by the following technical solutions.

[0028] The application provides a low-temperature rapid power take-off method, which comprises two low-temperature rapid engine starting methods and a power take-off method after the engine starts successfully, wherein the two low-temperature rapid starting methods comprise low-temperature rapid starting by using a fuel liquid heating device, at this time, the city power liquid heating device does not need to work, or low-temperature rapid starting by using a city power liquid heating device, at this time, the fuel liquid heating device does not need to work.

[0029] In stage one, when starting the engine in a low-temperature environment, the power source main switch is turned on, the pipeline switching protection switch is pressed, and then the pipeline switching control switch is pressed until the pipeline switching valve I in-place indicator light and the pipeline switching valve II in-place indicator light in the cab light up, and then the low-temperature starting operation steps of the high-power water-cooled engine are performed for low-temperature starting.

[0030] In stage two, low-temperature rapid starting comprises low-temperature starting by using a fuel liquid heating device or low-temperature starting by using a city power liquid heating device.

[0031] Phase three: the power take-off phase after the engine starts successfully.

[0032] In the second stage, the method of low temperature starting using a fuel liquid heating device includes the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Turn on the fuel liquid heating device control switch. The fuel liquid heating device automatically controls the temperature to heat the antifreeze coolant in the diesel engine's circulating water circuit, and displays the water temperature on the instrument panel in the cab. The fuel liquid heating process ends when the engine's built-in water temperature sensor detects that the water temperature reaches a specified temperature.

[0034] Step 2: Turn off the fuel liquid heating device control switch and turn on the engine intake preheating switch to heat the air in the engine intake pipe. At the same time, the intake and preheating indicator light in the cab will light up until the intake preheating indicator light goes out. Avoid operating the fuel liquid heating device and the intake air heating device at the same time, as this will cause excessive heat generation and damage to electrical components.

[0035] Step 3: Turn off the engine air intake preheating switch and use the start switch to start the engine. The engine will start smoothly within 8 minutes.

[0036] A method for low-temperature starting using a commercially-powered liquid heating device comprises the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: Turn on the AC liquid heating switch. The AC liquid heating device automatically controls the temperature to heat and keep the antifreeze coolant in the low-temperature auxiliary water circuit of the diesel engine warm. The vehicle engine enters a warming state.

[0038] At this time, the mains heater is still working to heat the engine antifreeze coolant, but the engine is not started.

[0039] Step 2: When the engine needs to be started, turn off the AC heater switch and turn on the engine air preheating switch to heat the air in the engine intake pipe. At the same time, the air preheating indicator light in the cab lights up. After the air in the intake pipe is heated, the air preheating indicator light on the instrument panel in the cab automatically turns off.

[0040] Step 3, turn off the intake preheating switch and use the start switch to start the engine. The engine can be started smoothly in 2 minutes.

[0041] Transmission power take-off operation steps under low temperature conditions:

[0042] Step 1, after the engine starts successfully, the low-temperature starting auxiliary heating device switch is turned on, including fuel liquid heating switch or mains liquid heating switch, the accelerator pedal is stepped down to increase the throttle opening until the engine reaches the highest speed 2100r / min, the running engine is maintained, and the combustion chamber of each cylinder of the multi-cylinder engine is fully combusted; the engine speed is maintained at a low speed of 600-700r / min after the engine starts successfully in a low-temperature condition, at this time, increasing the throttle opening will not increase the engine speed, indicating that the multi-cylinder engine combustion is still insufficient, which is easy to cause misfire, stepping down the throttle to the maximum opening can increase the engine oil supply and achieve full combustion of the multi-cylinder engine in the shortest time. When the actual engine speed from idle speed operation reaches the highest speed 2100r / min, the engine speed changes with the throttle pedal opening at this time, which takes at least 1min;

[0043] In a low-temperature condition, although the multi-cylinder engine ignites successfully, there are several cylinders that do not ignite or have virtual combustion, for example, when a 6-cylinder engine ignites successfully in a low-temperature environment, only 1 or 2 cylinders may ignite at this time, at which time the engine needs to be continuously heated and supplied with oil, otherwise it will directly cause the engine to misfire, at which time the engine needs to be continuously operated to ensure that all cylinders of the engine are fully combusted.

[0044] Step 2, maintain the engine speed 1500r / min under the condition of operation to ensure stable operation of the engine under high torque output conditions, which takes at least 1min, and then turn off the fuel liquid heating control switch or the mains liquid heating switch, at this time the engine speed can be stable and can be controlled by the throttle pedal opening.

[0045] After the completion of step 1, each cylinder of the engine can be fully combusted, but at this time the engine cannot be connected to the load, because when the load suddenly increases, the engine cylinder movement resistance increases, which causes the engine to misfire (at this time the cylinder combustion force is less than the load resistance, which causes the load to drag the engine and cause the engine to misfire), the engine is controlled by the engine throttle pedal, the throttle is increased, the oil supply is increased, and more combustible fuel can be combusted in a unit of time, which can produce greater force; but the premise is that all the fuel provided can be self-combusted. In a low-temperature environment, the engine has just started successfully, although step 1 operation has been performed, because the environment is still below-40 degrees, the engine water temperature, oil temperature, and fuel temperature are still low, the engine self-combustion temperature is not enough to maintain the continuous combustion of the fuel under this condition, which is easy to cause misfire (the environment temperature is low, and the engine is still in a cold state after one minute of operation, the heat generated in the combustion chamber is not enough to maintain the continuous combustion of the subsequent fuel), so it needs to be continuously heated.

[0046] The idea of the present application is that the first step is to ensure that the engine can run by itself without load, and heat to ensure that the engine runs by itself without load in low temperature conditions; At this time, the engine is still in a relatively weak state (power shortage state, cannot run with load, can only run with load, and is easy to cause engine flameout after running with load), the second step is to maintain 1500r / min to make the engine run stably in the large torque running condition, and the engine power output is sufficient, and the take-off can be achieved.

[0047] Generally, the engine generates the maximum torque at about 1500r / min (large torque output condition), which is ready for take-off. If step 2 is not performed, the take-off is directly connected. At this time, the engine has been burned, but the torque generated at this time is only 40%-50% of the torque output in the conventional state, and the load required torque is more than 70% of the torque output in the conventional state. The engine will flameout due to insufficient torque provided by the engine.

[0048] The stable speed under large torque condition is the prerequisite for the engine to drive the load. The engine torque is maximum at about 1500r / min, and the torque provided by the engine is greater than the torque required by the load at this time, so that the engine can continuously output under large torque condition without the torque required by the load being greater than the torque output by the engine, resulting in a decrease in engine speed or even flameout.

[0049] In a low temperature environment, to make the engine speed reach stability and can be controlled by the throttle pedal opening, the prerequisite is that as the oil supply increases, the engine combustion of each cylinder becomes more intense, the throttle pedal opening increases, the oil supply increases, and the fuel liquid heater or city electricity liquid is used to heat the engine to reduce the resistance, so that the fuel entering the cylinder can be burned.

[0050] After the engine starts successfully in low temperature, to ensure continuous large torque output, continuous oil supply and continuous combustion are required. Increasing the throttle opening increases the oil supply, and turning on the fuel heating continues to heat to maintain the continuous combustion of the combustion chamber. When the heat generated by the continuous combustion of the multi-cylinder combustion chamber of the engine is sufficient to maintain the continuous combustion of different fuel supply in low temperature environment, the engine does not need the heating function of the fuel liquid heater.

[0051] When the engine starts in extremely cold low temperature environment, it cannot realize large torque continuous operation by itself, and at this time, the throttle pedal control and the fuel liquid heating or city electricity liquid heating device are needed for heating, which is the result of the throttle pedal and the fuel liquid heater.

[0052] If the engine speed does not reach 1500 r / min when the throttle pedal is operated, the engine speed will remain low, such as 600 r / min, which is far from the requirement for engaging the power take-off. If the power take-off is directly engaged at this time, the engine speed will decrease because the required torque of the power take-off is greater than the input torque of the engine. After the engine speed decreases, the heat loss of the cylinder combustion chamber increases, the fuel continuously supplied to the engine cylinder cannot be continuously combusted, and the engine stalls.

[0053] When the throttle pedal reaches 1500 r / min, the fuel liquid heater and the city power liquid heater continuously heat to reduce resistance and increase heat, ensuring that the fuel supplied to the combustion chamber can be continuously combusted when entering the cylinder. The engine can continuously and autonomously operate under high-torque conditions. When the throttle opening changes, the engine speed also changes. At this time, the heat generated by the continuous combustion of the multi-cylinder combustion chamber is sufficient to maintain the continuous combustion of different fuel supply amounts under low-temperature conditions.

[0054] At this time, the fuel in each cylinder of the engine has been combusted and does not need to be heated. However, when the engine load is too large (such as when the power take-off is operated), the engine is prone to stall. At this time, the engine needs to operate under high-torque output conditions: the throttle pedal is depressed to the high-torque output set speed (such as 1500 r / min, at which the engine torque output is maximum), and the engine load is increased (such as the power take-off operation) after the engine operates stably.

[0055] When the engine starts in an extremely cold low-temperature environment, it cannot autonomously achieve continuous operation under high torque. At this time, the throttle pedal control and the fuel liquid heating or city power liquid heating device need to be heated, which is the result of the throttle pedal and the fuel liquid heater.

[0056] The throttle pedal controls the amount of fuel entering the engine cylinder combustion chamber. The larger the throttle opening, the greater the fuel supply. If all the fuel entering the combustion chamber can be combusted, the cylinder combustion chamber will be more intense,

[0057] Under extremely low-temperature conditions, the fuel entering the engine combustion chamber cannot be completely combusted, resulting in insufficient engine power, torque, and speed that is not controlled by the throttle pedal.

[0058] The fuel liquid heater and the city power liquid heater heating device use the antifreeze coolant in the cooling pipeline of the transmission cooling system for heating. The antifreeze coolant acts as a heating medium to heat multiple engine cylinder heads, thereby heating the fuel flowing through the multiple cylinder interiors, the internal air, and the internal oil (after the oil is heated, the viscosity of the oil decreases, the cylinder movement resistance decreases, and the fuel in the cylinder is more easily combusted).

[0059] The conventional heating device focuses on heating the fuel tank and fuel pipe, and only has a heat preservation effect on the engine cylinder, but cannot quickly cool the antifreeze coolant near the cylinder from-41 degrees Celsius to 10 degrees Celsius. In the embodiment, through the large-flow cooling pipeline of the engine and the transmission, a high-power fuel liquid heater is used to quickly heat the antifreeze coolant near the cylinder from-41 degrees Celsius to 10 degrees Celsius in about 6 minutes and 30 seconds, thereby improving the engine starting performance and enabling the engine to start quickly.

[0060] Step 3: Loosen the accelerator pedal, and the engine runs at idle speed. Turn on the transmission power take-off switch, and the transmission power take-off is engaged in place.

[0061] Step 4: Use the shift handle to select the specified gear of the transmission, and the transmission is engaged to the specified gear.

[0062] Step 5: Press the engine speed setting switch, and the engine ECU receives the speed setting switch signal. The engine speed is increased to the specified speed. The total time for the transmission power take-off is not more than 13 minutes.

[0063] Further, when the driver does not need the low-temperature starting auxiliary device to work during normal driving, the pipeline switching protection switch in the cab is pressed (so that the pipeline switching switch is powered on), and then the pipeline switching control switch is pressed in the reverse direction, so that the cylinder head cooling water circuit of the engine is connected with the transmission oil-water exchanger. When the transmission is running, the heat of the transmission is taken away by the cooling water in the oil-water exchanger, thereby avoiding that the oil temperature of the transmission is too high. Since the pipeline switching needs 10 to 15 seconds, normal driving can be performed after the pipeline switching valve I reset indicator and the pipeline switching valve II reset indicator in the cab light up, the engine cooling water circuit is connected with the transmission oil-water exchanger, and the heat dissipation function of the engine cooling system ensures that the transmission heat dissipation system works normally, and the oil temperature of the transmission is not too high.

[0064] The function of the engine and transmission oil-water exchanger not being connected at the same time under low-temperature conditions is that the antifreeze coolant heated by the fuel liquid heater directly enters the engine to reduce heat loss, the antifreeze coolant heated in the fuel liquid heater is concentrated to heat the cylinder head position of the engine, and the heating time of the engine is shortened. Under extremely low-temperature conditions, heat loss should be avoided to start the engine successfully in the shortest time.

[0065] During low-temperature starting, the fuel liquid heater circulates to heat the antifreeze coolant circulating in the cylinder head of the engine. When low-temperature starting is not needed, the circulating antifreeze coolant of the engine flows through the transmission oil-water exchanger to dissipate heat for the transmission.

[0066] Further, when the pipeline switching protection switch is not pressed, the pipeline switching control switch is no longer powered on, and when the pipeline switching control switch is pressed again, neither the pipeline switching valve I nor the pipeline switching valve II is in action, so that misoperation of the pipeline switching valve I and the pipeline switching valve II can be avoided, and abnormal operation of the heat dissipation system caused by misoperation of the pipeline switching valve I and the pipeline switching valve II can be avoided.

[0067] Further, when the driver performs the related operation in the dark environment at night, the pipeline switching protection switch and the pipeline switching control switch can be illuminated by using the vehicle-mounted backlight power control circuit, so that the position of the switch can be distinguished by the personnel.

[0068] Further, when a short circuit fault occurs in the control circuit or the components are overloaded, the fuse is automatically fused, so that the safety of the entire control circuit and the components can be ensured.

[0069] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0070] 1. The present application provides a low-temperature rapid starting heating system and a low-temperature rapid power taking method for special vehicles, which can solve the problem of inconvenience of the driver in operation of a high-power water-cooled engine during low-temperature starting, and a control circuit is arranged, so that the driver can operate in the cab, and the switching of the water circuit of the low-temperature starting device and the water circuit of the oil-water exchanger of the gearbox can be realized, and a misoperation prevention control switch and a switch position indicating lamp are arranged, so that the driver can clearly know whether the switching is in place, the switching of the water circuit of the low-temperature starting device and the normal driving state in the cab can be realized, the device and the control circuit are simple, stable and reliable in operation method, and abnormal conditions such as overhigh temperature of the gearbox oil during driving caused by misoperation of the switch switching can be avoided.

[0071] 2. The present application provides a low-temperature rapid starting heating system and a low-temperature rapid power taking method for special vehicles, which use the bypass switching mode of the engine and the gearbox heat dissipation cooling pipeline to realize the water circuit circulation mode of simultaneous circulation heating of multiple cylinders of the engine, so that the rapid starting of the engine in an extremely cold environment can be completed in a short time (within 8 minutes), the heating of the fuel system (combustible) system is avoided, the probability of safety hazards and engine damage is reduced, and the operation is convenient, safe and reliable.

[0072] 3. The present application provides a low-temperature rapid power taking method, which can ensure that the power taking working process of the gearbox is successfully realized in a low-temperature environment, the engine is rapidly connected to the power taking (within 13 minutes) in an extremely cold environment, the upper-mounted equipment enters the working state, and the reaction time of the vehicle is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0073] The drawings constituting a part of this disclosure serve to provide further understanding of the present application, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0074] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of pipeline connection in the embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of indicator light control circuit connection in the embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of pipeline connection circuit in the embodiment of the present application;

[0077] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of pipeline connection between fuel liquid heater and engine in the embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of pipeline connection between transmission oil-water exchanger and engine in the embodiment of the present application.

[0079] Figure 1 In the figure, 1, engine; 2, transmission oil-water exchanger; 3, fuel liquid heating device, 4, pipeline switching valve I, 5, pipeline switching valve II, 6, commercial power liquid heating device, 11, transmission, 12, transmission power take-off, 13, transmission power take-off switch, 14, engine cooling system, 15, engine ECU, 16, engine constant speed switch, 17, accelerator pedal, 18, instrument display, 19, water temperature sensor.

[0080] Figure 2 In the figure, 20, fuse; 201, storage battery; 202, power supply master switch;

[0081] 301, starter; 302, starting relay; 303, starting switch;

[0082] 401, grid heater; 402, preheating relay; 403, preheating switch;

[0083] 501, fuel liquid heater; 502, fuel liquid heating relay; 503, fuel liquid heating switch;

[0084] 601, commercial power liquid heater; 602, commercial power liquid heating contactor; 603, commercial power liquid heating switch;

[0085] 701, commercial power 380V power supply;

[0086] 7. Pipeline switching protection switch; 8. Pipeline switching control switch; 801. Pipeline switching protection switch backlight; 802. Pipeline switching control switch backlight; 9. Pipeline switching valve I indicator light; 10. Pipeline switching valve II indicator light; 803. Intake air preheating indicator light;

[0087] 901, pipeline switching valve I in place indicator light; 902, pipeline switching valve I reset indicator light;

[0088] 101. Pipeline switching valve II in place indicator light; 102. Pipeline switching valve II reset indicator light. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0090] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0091] Example 1: A low-temperature rapid starting heating system for special vehicles

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, it includes an engine 1, a transmission 11, a transmission oil-water heat exchanger 2, a fuel liquid heating device 3, a pipeline switching valve I4, a pipeline switching valve II5 and a mains liquid heating device 6;

[0093] The pipeline switching valve I4 and the pipeline switching valve II5 are both electric rotary valves, which can realize 90-degree forward and reverse rotation, and have one inlet and two connecting positions respectively; the two outlet connecting positions of the pipeline switching valve I4 and the pipeline switching valve II5 are respectively set with position travel switches.

[0094] The engine 1 is a high-power water-cooled engine, the retarder water inlet on the high-power water-cooled engine body is connected with the pipeline switching valve I4 inlet, the first communication position of the pipeline switching valve I4 is connected with the transmission oil-water heat exchanger 2 inlet, and the second communication position of the pipeline switching valve I4 is connected with the fuel liquid heating device 3 inlet; the retarder water outlet on the high-power water-cooled engine body is connected with the pipeline switching valve II5 inlet, the first communication position of the pipeline switching valve II5 is connected with the transmission oil-water heat exchanger 2 outlet, and the second communication position of the pipeline switching valve II5 is connected with the fuel liquid heating device 3 outlet.

[0095] The fuel liquid heating device 3 and the commercial power liquid heating device 6 are low-temperature starting auxiliary devices; the commercial power liquid heating device 6 is installed in the engine low-temperature auxiliary water circuit and is controlled through a separate electric circuit, and an electric heating pipe is used to heat the antifreeze coolant of the water-cooled diesel engine.

[0096] The engine is provided with an engine ECU 15 as an electronic control unit, the heating system further comprises an engine constant speed switch 16, an engine accelerator pedal 17 and an instrument 18 connected to the engine ECU 15, the engine accelerator pedal 17 is installed in the cab, a water temperature sensor 19 is installed on the engine body and is connected to the engine ECU 15 through an electric wire harness, so as to transmit the water temperature or antifreeze coolant temperature at the cylinder cover position of the engine 1 to the engine ECU 15; the engine accelerator pedal 17 and the engine constant speed switch 16 are connected to the engine ECU 15 through an electric wire harness; the instrument 18 is connected to the engine ECU 15 and can display information such as water temperature or antifreeze coolant temperature.

[0097] The engine 1 is further connected to an engine cooling system 14, and the engine cooling system adopts a conventional vehicle cooling system; under normal temperature conditions, after the engine starts to operate, the engine crankshaft drives the cooling fan (belonging to the engine) and the circulating water pump (belonging to the engine) in the engine cooling system to operate, so as to cool and dissipate heat of the high-temperature liquid (water or antifreeze coolant) in the engine circulating water circuit, and the high-temperature liquid at the cylinder cover position of the engine is circulated to the cooling system to dissipate heat and then is circulated back to the cylinder cover position of the engine. The internal water circuit of the engine is interconnected and circulated to avoid excessively high engine water temperature.

[0098] A thermostat connected to the engine ECU signal is further arranged in the engine cooling system, and under low-temperature conditions, when the engine ECU detects that the engine antifreeze coolant temperature is lower than 76 degrees, the thermostat is controlled to act to close the cooling system circulating pipeline, so that the engine cooling system 14 automatically stops working and ends heat dissipation.

[0099] As a typical embodiment, asFigure 1 As shown, the vehicle also includes a transmission 11 connected to the engine 1, which transmits power to a transmission power take-off (PTO) 11 and other vehicle systems. The PTO 11 is connected to a transmission PTO switch 12. The PTO switch 13 is installed in the cab and is connected to the PTO 12 via an electrical wiring harness.

[0100] Example 2: Vehicle low-temperature rapid start heating system with pipeline switching protection circuit

[0101] like Figure 2 As shown, the vehicle low-temperature rapid starting and heating system includes a fuse 20, a pipeline switching protection switch 7, a pipeline switching control switch 8, a pipeline switching protection switch backlight 801, a pipeline switching control switch backlight 802, a pipeline switching valve I indicator light 9, a pipeline switching valve II indicator light 10, a power supply (B-battery or ES-380V AC power supply), a main power switch 202, a starter 301, a starter switch 303, a starter relay 302, a preheating switch 403, a preheating relay 402, a preheating heater, a fuel liquid heating switch 503, a fuel liquid heating relay 502, a AC liquid heating switch 603, a AC liquid heating contactor 602, and an intake preheating indicator light 803.

[0102] The power supply, the main power switch, the fuse connected to the power supply and the main power switch, the pipeline switching protection switch and the pipeline switching control switch, as well as the pipeline switching valve I indicator light 9, the pipeline switching valve II indicator light 10, the pipeline switching protection switch backlight 801, the pipeline switching control switch backlight 802, and the intake air preheating indicator light 803 constitute a pipeline switching protection circuit.

[0103] The pipeline switching valve I indicator light 9 includes pipeline switching valve I in place indicator light 901 and pipeline switching valve I reset indicator light 902; the pipeline switching valve II indicator light 10 includes pipeline switching valve II in place indicator light 101, pipeline switching valve II reset indicator light 102; the engine intake preheating device includes intake grille heater 401; the fuse 20 is connected with the positive electrode of the vehicle storage battery 201, and the positive electrode of the storage battery is simultaneously connected with other vehicle control circuit. The fuse 20 is connected with the pipeline switching protection switch 7, the pipeline switching protection switch 7 is provided with a backlight, and the backlight is connected with the backlight control power line of the vehicle rocker switch. The pipeline switching protection switch 7 is connected with the pipeline switching control switch 8, the pipeline switching control switch 8 is provided with a backlight, and the backlight is connected with the backlight control power line of the vehicle rocker switch. The pipeline switching control switch 8 is connected with the pipeline switching valve I 4 and the pipeline switching valve II 5, the travel in place switch in the pipeline switching valve I 4 is connected with the pipeline switching valve I in place indicator light 901 and the pipeline switching valve I reset indicator light 902, the travel in place switch in the pipeline switching valve II 5 is connected with the pipeline switching valve II in place indicator light 101 and the pipeline switching valve II reset indicator light 102, and the travel in place switches in the pipeline switching valve I 4 and the pipeline switching valve II 5 are connected with the vehicle indicator light power line.

[0104] The preheating heater adopts the grille heater 401 installed at the engine intake position, the grille heater 401 (engine self-provided) is installed at the water-cooled diesel engine intake pipe connection, sequentially connected with the intake preheating relay 402 and the intake preheating switch 403, to form an engine intake preheating device, the grille heater 401 is controlled by the intake preheating relay 402 installed on the intake pipe, the intake preheating relay 402 is connected with the power supply (B or ES) and the power supply master switch 202 through the intake preheating switch 403, and the intake preheating switch 403 is connected with the intake preheating indicator light 803.

[0105] The power supply is used for supplying power for the engine intake preheating device, the fuel liquid heating device 3 and the mains liquid heating device 6. In the embodiment, the power supply is the storage battery 201 (large-capacity lead-acid battery or large-capacity lithium battery) or ES-380V mains power supply.

[0106] The starter 301 is sequentially connected with the starting relay 302 and the starting switch 303, controlled by the starting relay 302, connected with the power supply (B or ES) and the power supply master switch 202 through the starting relay 302 and the starting switch 303.

[0107] The fuel liquid heating device 3 comprises a fuel liquid heater 501, a fuel liquid heating relay 502 and a fuel liquid control switch 503 connected in sequence, the fuel liquid heater 501 is controlled by the fuel liquid heating relay 502, and the fuel liquid control switch 503 is connected with the power supply (B or ES) and the power supply main switch 202.

[0108] The commercial power liquid heating device 6 comprises a commercial power liquid heater 601, a commercial power liquid heating contactor 602 and a commercial power liquid heating switch 603 connected in sequence, and the commercial power liquid heater 601 and the commercial power liquid heating contactor 602 are connected with the commercial power 380V power supply 701.

[0109] The starter, the air intake preheating device, the fuel liquid heating device and the commercial power liquid heating device are connected in parallel to the heating control circuit, the heating control circuit, the indicator light control circuit and the power supply circuit are connected in parallel to the power supply.

[0110] Embodiment 3, a low-temperature fast power taking method

[0111] The heating system provided in Embodiments 1 and 2 comprises two low-temperature fast starting methods of the engine and a low-temperature power taking method after the engine is started successfully, wherein, method one: the low-temperature fast starting is performed by using the fuel liquid heating device 3, at this time, the 6-commercial power liquid heating device does not work, and the ES-380V commercial power supply is not used; method two: the low-temperature fast starting is performed by using the commercial power liquid heating device 6, at this time, the 3-fuel liquid heating device does not work.

[0112] Further, when the engine 1 is started in a low-temperature environment, the power supply main switch 202 is turned on, the pipe switching protection switch 7 in the cab is pressed, then the pipe switching control switch 8 is pressed until the pipe switching valve I in-place indicator light 901 and the pipe switching valve II in-place indicator light 101 in the cab are turned on, at this time, the second communication position of the pipe switching valve I 4 and the second communication position of the pipe switching valve II 5 are the communication position of the fuel liquid heater and the engine, and the low-temperature starting can be performed according to the low-temperature starting operation steps of the high-power water-cooled engine.

[0113] The operation steps of method one are as follows:

[0114] Step 1, turn on the fuel liquid heating device switch 503, the fuel liquid heating device 3 automatically controls the temperature to heat the antifreeze coolant in the circulating water circuit of the diesel engine, until the water temperature detected by the water temperature sensor of the engine reaches the specified temperature, and the water temperature (such as 10 degrees or more) is displayed on the instrument in the cab, the fuel liquid heating process is completed, and the time is 6 minutes and 30 seconds;

[0115] Step 2: Turn off the fuel liquid heating device control switch 503 and turn on the engine intake air preheating switch 403. This heats the air in the engine intake pipe and illuminates the intake air preheating indicator in the cab until the intake air preheating indicator goes off. This process takes 50 seconds. Avoid operating the fuel liquid heating device and the intake air heating device simultaneously, as this could cause excessive heat generation and damage to electrical components.

[0116] Step 3: Turn off the engine intake air preheating switch 403 and turn on the start switch 303 to start the engine 1. The engine 1 can be started smoothly within 8 minutes.

[0117] The operation steps for the battery 201 using a lead-acid battery and a lithium battery are the same.

[0118] In the second method, when the vehicle is in an outdoor environment with an external mains power supply or an additional generator power supply, such as a local mains power supply or a vehicle-mounted AC generator or a mobile power supply vehicle, the vehicle uses the mains liquid heating device 6 to keep the vehicle engine antifreeze coolant warm at room temperature. The steps for rapid starting at low temperatures are as follows:

[0119] Step 1: Turn on the AC liquid heating switch 603. The AC liquid heating device 6 automatically controls the temperature to heat and keep the antifreeze coolant in the engine's low-temperature auxiliary water circulation loop, and the vehicle engine enters a heat preservation state.

[0120] Step 2: When the engine needs to be started, turn off the AC liquid heater switch 603 and turn on the engine air preheat switch 403. This heats the air in the engine 1 intake pipe, and the intake preheat indicator on the cab instrument panel illuminates. After the air in the intake pipe is heated, the intake preheat indicator in the cab automatically turns off. This takes 50 seconds. This prevents the AC heater and the intake air heating device from operating simultaneously, which could cause excessive heat generation and damage to electrical components. Currently, the engine heats directly when the switch is turned on, and then automatically stops when the timer expires.

[0121] Step 3: Turn off the intake air preheating switch 403 and start the engine 1. The engine can be started smoothly within 2 minutes.

[0122] The operation steps for the battery 201 using a lead-acid battery and a lithium battery are the same.

[0123] Transmission power take-off operation steps under low temperature conditions:

[0124] Step 1, after the engine 1 starts successfully, the fuel liquid heating switch 503 or the mains liquid heating switch 603 is turned on, the accelerator pedal 17 is stepped on to increase the throttle opening, the engine is operated, the accelerator pedal is stepped on to increase the throttle opening until the engine reaches the highest speed 2100r / min, the combustion chamber of each cylinder of the multi-cylinder engine is fully combusted, and the time is at least 1 min; at this time, the second communication position of the pipeline switching valve I 4 and the second communication position of the pipeline switching valve II 5 are in the fuel liquid heater and engine communication state, as shown in Figure 4

[0125] Step 2, maintain the engine 1 speed 1500r / min, ensure that the engine operates stably under large torque output conditions, and the time is not less than 1 min, and then the fuel liquid heating switch 503 or the mains liquid heating switch is turned off; at this time, the engine speed can be stable and can be controlled by the throttle opening;

[0126] Step 3, release the accelerator pedal 17, the engine 1 speed returns to idle, the transmission power take-off switch 13 is turned on, and the transmission power take-off 12 is engaged in place;

[0127] Step 4, select the specified gear of the transmission 11 using the gearshift handle, and the transmission 11 is engaged to the specified gear;

[0128] Step 5, turn on the engine constant speed switch 16, the engine ECU 15 receives the engine constant speed switch 16 signal, the engine 1 speed rises to the specified speed, and the total time of the transmission power take-off is not more than 13 min.

[0129] Further, when the driver does not need the low-temperature starting auxiliary device to work normally, the pipeline switching protection switch 7 in the cab is pressed (so that the pipeline switching switch power is powered on), and then the pipeline switching control switch 8 is pressed in reverse, until the pipeline switching valve I reset indicator light 902 and the pipeline switching valve II reset indicator light 102 in the cab light up, and then the vehicle can be driven normally, the engine cooling system 14 water circulation is communicated with the transmission oil-water exchanger 2, as shown in Figure 5

[0130] Further, when the pipeline switching protection switch 7 is not pressed, the pipeline switching control switch 8 is no longer powered on, and at this time, the pipeline switching control switch 8 is pressed again, the pipeline switching valve I and the pipeline switching valve II are not in action, which can avoid the pipeline switching valve I and the pipeline switching valve II from being converted to the wrong position due to misoperation, causing the heat dissipation system to work abnormally. ​​

[0131] Further, when the driver performs the related operation in the dark environment at night, the vehicle-mounted backlight power control circuit can be used to make the pipeline switching protection switch 7 and the pipeline switching control switch 8 backlight bright, so as to facilitate the personnel to distinguish the switch position.

[0132] Further, when a short circuit fault occurs in the control circuit or the components are overloaded, the fuse 20 is automatically fused, thereby ensuring the safety of the entire control circuit and the components.

[0133] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A low-temperature rapid power taking method, characterized in that: A low-temperature rapid starting heating system for special vehicles is used, and the low-temperature rapid starting heating system for special vehicles includes: Engine, transmission, transmission oil-water heat exchanger, low-temperature starting auxiliary heating device, pipeline switching valve I and pipeline switching valve II; the low-temperature starting auxiliary heating device includes a first auxiliary heating device, which is a fuel liquid heating device; the low-temperature starting auxiliary heating device also includes a second auxiliary heating device, which is a mains liquid heating device; The pipeline switching valve I and the pipeline switching valve II are both electric rotary valves, each with one inlet and two outlet connection positions; The retarder water inlet of the engine is connected to the inlet of the pipeline switching valve I, the first communication position of the pipeline switching valve I is connected to the inlet of the transmission oil-water heat exchanger, and the second communication position of the pipeline switching valve I is connected to the inlet of the first auxiliary heating device; the retarder water return port on the engine body is connected to the inlet of the pipeline switching valve II, the first communication position of the pipeline switching valve II is connected to the outlet of the transmission oil-water heat exchanger, and the second communication position of the pipeline switching valve II is connected to the outlet of the first auxiliary heating device; The low-temperature rapid power taking method includes the following three stages: In the first stage, turn on the main power switch, press the pipeline switching protection switch, and then press the pipeline switching control switch until the pipeline switching valve I in place indicator light and the pipeline switching valve II in place indicator light in the cab light up, then you can start at low temperature; Phase 2: Rapid start at low temperature; Stage three: power take-off after successful engine start; The power take-off stage includes the following steps: Step 1: After the engine is successfully started, turn on the switch of the low-temperature starting auxiliary heating device, press the accelerator pedal to increase the throttle opening and maintain the engine running to ensure that the combustion chamber of each cylinder of the multi-cylinder engine is fully burned, which takes at least 1 minute; Step 2: Maintain the engine speed at 1500 rpm to ensure stable operation of the engine under high torque output conditions for at least 1 minute, then turn off the switch of the low-temperature starting auxiliary heating device. At this time, the engine speed is stable and can be controlled by the accelerator pedal opening; Step 3: Release the accelerator pedal, run the engine at idle speed, turn on the transmission power take-off switch, and engage the transmission power take-off. Step 4: Use the shift handle to select a specified gear of the transmission, and the transmission is engaged to the specified gear; Step 5: Press the engine speed switch, the engine ECU receives the speed switch signal, and the engine speed increases to the specified speed; The low-temperature rapid start stage includes using a fuel liquid heating device or a mains liquid heating device to perform a low-temperature rapid start. The low-temperature rapid start using the fuel liquid heating device includes the following steps: Step 1: Turn on the main power switch and the fuel liquid heating switch. The fuel liquid heating device automatically controls the temperature to heat the antifreeze coolant in the diesel engine's circulating water circuit, and displays the water temperature on the instrument in the cab. The fuel liquid heating process ends when the engine's built-in water temperature sensor detects that the water temperature has reached the specified temperature. Step 2: Turn off the fuel liquid heating device control switch and turn on the engine air intake preheating switch to heat the air in the engine intake pipe. At the same time, the air intake preheating indicator light in the cab lights up until the air intake preheating indicator light goes out. Step 3: Turn off the engine air intake preheating switch and start the engine using the start switch.

2. The low-temperature rapid power taking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature rapid start-up stage uses a mains-powered liquid heating device to perform low-temperature rapid start-up, including the following steps: Step 1: Turn on the main power switch and the AC liquid heating switch. The AC liquid heating device automatically controls the temperature to heat and keep the antifreeze coolant in the low-temperature auxiliary water circuit of the diesel engine. The vehicle engine enters the insulation state. Step 2: When the engine needs to be started, turn off the AC liquid heating switch and turn on the engine air intake preheating switch to heat the air in the engine intake pipe and the air intake preheating indicator light in the cab lights up. After the air in the intake pipe is heated, the air intake preheating indicator light on the instrument panel in the cab automatically turns off. Step 3: Turn off the intake air preheating switch and start the engine using the start switch.

3. The low-temperature rapid power taking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The commercial electric liquid heating device is installed in the low-temperature auxiliary water circulation loop of the engine, is controlled by a separate electrical circuit, and uses an electric heating pipe to heat the antifreeze coolant of the water-cooled diesel engine.

4. The low-temperature rapid power taking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The engine is equipped with an engine ECU as an electronic control unit. The vehicle low-temperature rapid start heating system also includes an engine speed switch, an engine accelerator pedal and an instrument connected to the engine ECU. The engine accelerator pedal is installed in the cab, and the temperature sensor is installed on the engine body and connected to the engine ECU via an electrical wiring harness to transmit the temperature of the engine coolant to the engine ECU; the engine accelerator pedal and the engine speed switch are connected to the engine ECU via an electrical wiring harness; the instrument is connected to the engine ECU to display information including the temperature.

5. The low-temperature rapid power taking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pipeline switching protection circuit, which includes a power supply, a main power switch, and a pipeline protection circuit and an indicator light control circuit connected to the power supply and the main power switch. The pipeline protection circuit includes a fuse, a pipeline switching protection switch, and a pipeline switching control switch connected in sequence; the indicator light control circuit includes a pipeline switching valve I indicator light, a pipeline switching valve II indicator light, a pipeline switching protection switch backlight, and a pipeline switching control switch backlight, which are connected in parallel in the pipelines. The pipeline switching protection switch backlight wire is connected to the pipeline switching protection switch, the pipeline switching control switch backlight wire is connected to the pipeline switching control switch, the pipeline switching valve I indicator light is connected to the pipeline switching control switch through the pipeline switching valve I, and the pipeline switching valve II indicator light is connected to the pipeline switching control switch through the pipeline switching valve II.

6. The low-temperature rapid power taking method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The indicator light of the pipeline switching valve I includes a pipeline switching valve I in place indicator light and a pipeline switching valve I reset indicator light; the indicator light of the pipeline switching valve II includes a pipeline switching valve II in place indicator light and a pipeline switching valve II reset indicator light; the two outlet connection positions of the pipeline switching valve I and the pipeline switching valve II are respectively provided with a stroke in place switch; the stroke in place switch in the pipeline switching valve I is connected to the pipeline switching valve I in place indicator light and the pipeline switching valve I reset indicator light, and the stroke in place switch in the pipeline switching valve II is connected to the pipeline switching valve II in place indicator light and the pipeline switching valve II reset indicator light.

7. The low-temperature rapid power taking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle low-temperature rapid starting heating system further includes a heating control circuit, the heating control circuit including a starting device and an engine intake air preheating device connected in parallel to each other, the low-temperature starting auxiliary heating device being connected to the heating control circuit; The starting device includes a starter, a starting switch, and a starting relay. The starter is connected to the starting relay and the starting switch in sequence, is controlled by the starting relay, and is connected to the power supply and the main power switch through the starting relay and the starting switch. The engine air intake preheating device includes a grid heater installed at the connection of the engine air intake pipe. The grid heater is connected to the air intake preheating relay and the air intake preheating switch in sequence. The grid heater is controlled by the air intake preheating relay installed on the air intake pipe. The air intake preheating relay is connected to the power supply and the main power switch through the air intake preheating switch. The air intake preheating switch is connected to the air intake preheating indicator light. The air intake preheating indicator light is connected in parallel to the indicator light control circuit.

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