Constant voltage source power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of constant voltage source power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry, comprising: multi-channel AC voltage regulator and low ripple voltage output circuit;Multi-channel AC voltage regulator is converted into multi-channel different voltage after AC step-down conversion to input AC, respectively output to each low ripple voltage output circuit;Rectifier module is used to convert input voltage into DC voltage;Voltage stabilizing circuit includes multiple parallel linear voltage stabilizer and negative feedback circuit, and each single-channel large current, low ripple constant voltage is output;For the current cold atom interferometry system power supply technical route, it is difficult to unify, reliability is lower, when guaranteeing low ripple constant voltage output, current is smaller, load capacity is weak and not easy to expand problem, the present application only needs to use multi-channel AC voltage regulator cooperation scheme of single-channel multiple linear voltage stabilizer parallel expansion flow output in rear stage, simplifies design, greatly expands the output current range, reduces the complexity of quantum interference measurement power supply system, improves its reliability and design consistency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of quantum interference precision measurement, and in particular to a constant voltage source power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry. Background Technology

[0002] Quantum interferometry (QI) technology has developed rapidly in recent years and is widely used in precision measurement, physical measurement, and research. In cold atom gyroscopes, cold atom gravimeters, and gravity gradiometer systems, dozens of components, including photodetectors, RF power amplifiers, main control modules, and voltage-controlled attenuators, require different low-ripple DC voltage signals for power supply. The systems require a large number of power supply channels (more than 10 channels in total) and low output ripple (less than 1mV). rms Some channels require a large current (greater than 8A).

[0003] Currently, quantum interference measurement systems (QIMS) utilize either linear regulated power supplies or switching regulated power supplies. Linear regulated power supplies offer low ripple noise but have lower output current and are larger and heavier. Switching regulated power supplies offer high output power and smaller size but are noisier, with high-frequency noise coupling into the experimental control and measurement system, affecting measurement accuracy. Neither approach can guarantee high current output under low ripple constant voltage conditions. Furthermore, the use of different power supply schemes makes it difficult to standardize the technical paths of each channel, increasing system complexity, reducing reliability, and resulting in messy power supply connections. This hinders the rapid expansion of power supplies to meet experimental needs and impedes the engineering and miniaturization of QIMS systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a constant voltage power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry, thus solving the problems of current cold atom interferometry systems having difficulty in unifying power supply technology, low reliability, small current while ensuring low ripple constant voltage output, weak load capacity, and difficulty in expansion.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a constant voltage source power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry is provided, comprising:

[0006] A multi-channel AC voltage regulator and at least two low-ripple voltage output circuits; the low-ripple voltage output circuits include: a rectifier module and a voltage regulator circuit connected in sequence;

[0007] The multi-channel AC voltage regulator converts the input AC power into multiple different voltages and outputs them to each of the low-ripple voltage output circuits.

[0008] The rectifier module is used to convert the input voltage into DC voltage;

[0009] The voltage regulator circuit includes multiple parallel linear regulators and a negative feedback circuit, which output high current and low ripple constant voltage for each single channel.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0011] Optionally, the power supply circuit further includes: a fuse and an EMI filter disposed before the multi-channel AC voltage regulator;

[0012] The fuse is used for overcurrent protection, and the EMI filter is used to filter out electromagnetic interference.

[0013] Optionally, the low ripple voltage output circuit further includes: a relay disposed before the rectifier module and a filter output circuit disposed after the voltage regulator circuit;

[0014] The relay is used for over-temperature protection, and the filter output circuit is used to filter the voltage output by the voltage regulator circuit.

[0015] Optionally, the voltage values ​​of each output channel of the multi-channel AC voltage regulator can be set according to the different voltage / current power supply requirements of the cold atom interferometry system.

[0016] Optionally, the power supply requirements of the cold atom interferometry system include one or more of the following voltage values: 24V, 18V, 15V, 12V, 9V, and 5V, with a voltage ripple of less than 1mV. rms .

[0017] Optionally, the multi-channel AC voltage regulator uses carbon brushes to adjust the output, adapting to the input voltage requirements of the subsequent linear voltage regulator.

[0018] Optionally, the negative feedback circuit includes: an integrated operational amplifier N7 and a PNP transistor Q1;

[0019] The adjustment terminals of each parallel linear regulator are connected to the emitter of the PNP transistor Q1;

[0020] The base of the PNP transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the integrated operational amplifier N7;

[0021] The output of each parallel linear regulator is connected in series with one end of the corresponding ballast resistor, and the other end of each ballast resistor is connected to the -input terminal of the integrated operational amplifier N7.

[0022] The other end of each ballast resistor is the output terminal of the voltage regulator circuit.

[0023] Optionally, the voltage regulator circuit further includes a potentiometer R11;

[0024] The positive input terminal of the integrated operational amplifier N7 is connected to the moving contact of the potentiometer R11;

[0025] The collector of the PNP transistor Q1 is connected to one fixed contact of the potentiometer R11, and the other fixed contact of the potentiometer R11 is grounded.

[0026] The output voltage of the voltage regulator circuit can be adjusted by adjusting potentiometer R11.

[0027] The present invention provides a constant voltage source power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry, the advantages of which include:

[0028] By employing a method of parallel current amplification using multiple AC voltage regulators and multiple linear regulators in a single downstream circuit, the complexity of the power supply system for cold atom interferometry is significantly reduced, while reliability and adaptability are improved. The design is simple and reliable, with consistent circuit design across all circuits. The combination of multiple AC voltage regulators and linear regulators can reduce output voltage ripple to 1mV. rms the following.

[0029] When stepping down the AC mains voltage, a multi-channel AC voltage regulator is used, which uses carbon brushes to precisely adjust the AC voltage output. Compared with a fixed voltage output AC transformer, the output can be flexibly adjusted, avoiding the problem of output jitter of the transformer secondary coil due to unstable 220V mains power, and the problem of excessive or insufficient supply voltage. This would cause the voltage drop of the subsequent linear regulator to be too small, which would prevent it from outputting low ripple voltage normally, or the voltage drop to be too large, which would prevent heat dissipation and cause the device to overheat.

[0030] The patented design employs a parallel structure of multiple linear regulators to achieve low-ripple voltage output with high current in a single channel. Theoretically, the output current can be increased by connecting an infinite number of linear regulators in parallel. The patented design uses a negative feedback circuit to achieve balanced output and voltage stability for each channel, which simplifies the design, significantly expands the output current range, and ensures that each linear regulator operates independently without voltage drop due to voltage division caused by the ballast resistors connected in series with each linear regulator. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the power supply process of a constant voltage source power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the voltage regulator circuit in a constant voltage source power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry provided by the present invention.

[0033] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0034] F1: Fuse, N1~N6: Linear regulator, R5~R10: Ballast resistor, Q1: PNP transistor, N7: Integrated operational amplifier, R11: Potentiometer, R2: Sampling resistor, R3, R4: Voltage divider resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the power supply process of a constant voltage source power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry provided by the present invention. This power supply circuit can be specifically used in cold atom gravimeters and gradient meters to achieve DC power supply for multiple devices, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit includes: a multi-channel AC voltage regulator and at least two low-ripple voltage output circuits.

[0037] The low ripple voltage output circuit includes a rectifier module and a voltage regulator circuit connected in sequence.

[0038] A multi-channel AC voltage regulator performs AC step-down conversion on the input AC power into multiple different voltages, which are then output to their respective low-ripple voltage output circuits. The multi-channel AC voltage regulator performs the AC step-down conversion, and after each step-down conversion, multiple linear regulators are connected in parallel to amplify the current.

[0039] The rectifier module is used to convert the input voltage into DC voltage.

[0040] The voltage regulator circuit includes multiple parallel linear regulators and negative feedback circuits, which output high current and low ripple constant voltage for each single channel.

[0041] To address the problems of current cold atom interferometry systems, such as difficulty in unifying power supply technologies, low reliability, small current output while maintaining low ripple constant voltage, weak load capacity, and limited scalability, this invention uses a scheme that combines multiple AC voltage regulators with multiple linear regulators connected in parallel in a single downstream stage to amplify the current output. This simplifies the design, significantly expands the output current range, reduces the complexity of the quantum interferometry power supply system, and improves its reliability and design consistency.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Embodiment 1 provided by this invention is an embodiment of a constant voltage source power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry provided by this invention, combined with... Figure 1 It is understood that the embodiment of the power supply circuit includes: a multi-channel AC voltage regulator and at least two low-ripple voltage output circuits.

[0044] The low ripple voltage output circuit includes a rectifier module and a voltage regulator circuit connected in sequence.

[0045] The multi-channel AC voltage regulator converts the input AC power into multiple different voltages, which are then output to each low-ripple voltage output circuit.

[0046] The rectifier module is used to convert the input voltage into DC voltage.

[0047] The voltage regulator circuit includes multiple parallel linear regulators and negative feedback circuits, which output high current and low ripple constant voltage for each single channel.

[0048] In one possible embodiment, the power supply circuit further includes a fuse and an EMI filter positioned before the multi-channel AC voltage regulator. The fuse provides overcurrent protection, and the EMI filter filters out electromagnetic interference.

[0049] In one possible embodiment, the low ripple voltage output circuit further includes a relay disposed before the rectifier module and a filter output circuit disposed after the voltage regulator circuit.

[0050] The relay is used for over-temperature protection, and the filter output circuit is used to filter the voltage output from the voltage regulator circuit.

[0051] Compared to AC transformers that use multiple fixed outputs, the multi-channel AC voltage regulator used in this patent not only ensures multiple AC outputs, but also uses carbon brushes to precisely adjust the output voltage of each channel, accurately matching the input voltage requirements of the subsequent linear regulator. This avoids secondary coil output jitter caused by unstable mains power and prevents problems such as the subsequent linear regulator having too small a voltage drop to meet output requirements or too large a voltage drop to meet heat dissipation requirements.

[0052] In one possible embodiment, the voltage values ​​of the multiple AC voltage regulators are set according to the different voltage / current power supply requirements of the cold atom interferometry system.

[0053] In one possible embodiment, the power supply requirements of the cold atom interferometry system include one or more voltage values ​​selected from 24V, 18V, 15V, 12V, 9V, and 5V, with voltage ripple less than 1mV. rms .

[0054] In one possible implementation, the multi-channel AC voltage regulator uses carbon brushes to precisely adjust the output, accurately matching the input voltage requirements of the subsequent linear regulator.

[0055] Regarding the voltage regulator circuit, the pulsating DC voltage after passing through the rectifier module will enter the voltage regulator circuit to further reduce the voltage output ripple. Conventional voltage regulator circuits mostly use linear voltage regulator circuits based on regulating transistors, which have good engineering practicality but have the following problems: (1) The output current of a single module circuit is not high, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high current output; (2) If the linear regulators are directly connected in parallel or the current output range is expanded by connecting transistors in parallel, there will be problems of unbalanced currents and unstable output voltages, which will change with the load. Using linear regulators in parallel can increase the output current, but the circuit parameters and heat dissipation of multiple linear regulators must be matched.

[0056] To address the aforementioned issues, this patent's voltage regulator circuit employs a multi-linear regulator parallel current amplification circuit structure. By comparing the output voltage with a reference voltage, the adjusted control voltage is applied to the adjustment terminal (ADJ terminal) of the linear regulator. Theoretically, this method can achieve current amplification through an infinite number of parallel linear regulators, and achieve balanced output and voltage stability for each channel through a negative feedback circuit based on a single-channel integrated operational amplifier and a PNP transistor. When the output voltage changes, the operational amplifier adjusts the base current of the PNP transistor, turning the transistor on and off, thereby providing negative feedback regulation to the output of the linear regulators and ensuring the stability of the output voltage of each linear regulator after passing through the ballast resistor. Compared to traditional parallel current amplification technology for linear regulators, this design ensures that each integrated linear regulator operates independently and stably. Faults will not affect the output of other linear regulators. The total current output capability of the parallel linear regulators is greatly improved, and the output voltage will not drop due to voltage division caused by the ballast resistors connected in series with each linear regulator.

[0057] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the voltage regulator circuit in a constant voltage source power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry provided by the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is known that, in one possible embodiment, the negative feedback circuit includes: an integrated operational amplifier N7 and a PNP transistor Q1.

[0058] The adjustment terminals of each parallel linear regulator are connected to the emitter of the PNP transistor Q1.

[0059] The base of the PNP transistor Q1 is connected to the output of the integrated operational amplifier N7.

[0060] The output of each parallel linear regulator is connected in series with one end of the corresponding ballast resistor, and the other end of each ballast resistor is connected to the -input terminal of the integrated operational amplifier N7.

[0061] The other end of each ballast resistor is the output terminal of the voltage regulator circuit.

[0062] In one possible embodiment, the voltage regulator circuit also includes a potentiometer R11.

[0063] The positive input terminal of the integrated operational amplifier N7 is connected to the moving contact of potentiometer R11.

[0064] The collector of the PNP transistor Q1 is connected to one fixed contact of potentiometer R11, and the other fixed contact of potentiometer R11 is grounded.

[0065] The output voltage of the voltage regulator circuit can be adjusted by adjusting potentiometer R11.

[0066] Figure 2 In the given embodiment, the voltage V of the input voltage regulator circuit in After fuse F1, six linear regulators (N1 to N6, or more) provide voltage regulation and current amplification. Resistors R5 to R10 are 0.1Ω ballast resistors, balancing the output voltage of each channel. The linear regulators can be, but are not limited to, the LT1084 chip. A negative feedback circuit, consisting of a single-channel integrated operational amplifier N7 and a PNP transistor Q1, ensures balanced output and voltage stability. This circuit can connect at least six linear regulators in parallel, increasing the output current to over 10A. Adjusting potentiometer R11 allows the output voltage V to be adjusted. out It varies between 3 and 26V.

[0067] Specifically, taking the increase in the output voltage at the OUT terminal of N1 as an example, when the output voltage increases, N7, by adjusting the base current of Q1, acts as a switch to turn off Q1, thereby providing negative feedback regulation to the output of the linear regulator and reducing the output voltage. N1 acts as the main regulator, and the others act as slave regulators, synchronizing with the adjustment of N1 to ensure that the output voltage of each linear regulator is consistent after passing through the ballast resistor. This circuit can connect at least 6 linear regulators in parallel, expanding the output current to over 10A. Adjusting potentiometer R11 allows the output voltage Vout to vary between 3 and 26V, thus meeting the requirements of a large voltage range and high current with low ripple for quantum interference measurement systems, achieving reliable power supply.

[0068] In practice, the 220V AC input, after passing through a fuse and an EMI filter, enters a custom-designed multi-channel AC voltage regulator. Based on the voltage / current output requirements of the multiple channels of the cold atom interferometry system, the AC voltage is reduced to a suitable level by the multi-channel AC voltage regulator. Then, it passes through a switching relay, followed by bridge rectification and large capacitor filtering in the rectifier module to obtain a relatively smooth pulsating DC voltage. This voltage then enters the custom-designed multi-channel AC voltage regulator again, where it is stepped down according to the voltage output requirements of the multiple channels of the cold atom interferometry system. Typically, the secondary voltage of the voltage regulator is set to V1 = V... imin / 1.15, V imin This refers to the minimum required input voltage for the linear regulator, while ensuring the effective value of the secondary output current I during customization. f >I omax I omax This is the maximum output current that must be satisfied when multiple linear regulators are connected in parallel.

[0069] The stepped-down AC power is rectified by a bridge rectifier module and filtered by a large capacitor to obtain a relatively smooth DC voltage. This DC voltage is then fed into a voltage regulator circuit, where it is further processed and filtered by a capacitor to produce a highly stable DC voltage with low ripple noise. The output voltage can fully cover the multiple power supply requirements of the quantum interference measurement system, including 24V, 18V, 15V, 12V, 9V, and 5V. Furthermore, because this invention uses a combination of multi-channel AC voltage regulators and linear regulators, the output voltage ripple can be reduced to 1mV. rms The final filtered output yields a highly stable, low-noise DC voltage.

[0070] The present invention provides a constant voltage power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry, which simplifies the design, greatly expands the output current range, reduces the complexity of the power supply system for cold atom interferometry, and improves its reliability and adaptability. This method employs a multi-channel AC voltage regulator in conjunction with multiple linear regulators connected in parallel in a single-channel stage to achieve constant voltage output. It offers accurate AC voltage reduction, simple design, good consistency across circuits, low output voltage ripple, and a wide output current range. When using AC mains voltage reduction, the method utilizes multiple AC voltage regulators and carbon brushes to precisely and flexibly adjust the AC output voltage, preventing secondary coil output jitter caused by unstable 220V mains power. It also prevents the linear regulator from overheating due to either insufficient voltage drop and inability to output low-ripple voltage, or excessive voltage drop. The method uses a single-channel multi-linear regulator parallel regulation structure to achieve high-current, low-ripple voltage output. Theoretically, output current expansion can be achieved through an infinite number of parallel linear regulators. The negative feedback circuit achieves both current expansion and voltage stability, simplifying the design, significantly expanding the output current range, ensuring independent operation of each linear regulator, preventing damage to other linear regulators in case of a fault, and avoiding voltage drop due to voltage division caused by the ballast resistors connected in series with each linear regulator.

[0071] It should be noted that the descriptions of each embodiment in the above embodiments have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0072] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0073] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A constant-voltage source power supply circuit for cold atom interferometry, characterized by, The power supply circuit comprises a multi-channel AC voltage regulator and at least two low-ripple voltage output circuits; the low-ripple voltage output circuit comprises a rectifier module and a voltage stabilizing circuit connected in sequence; The multi-channel AC voltage regulator converts the input AC voltage into multiple channels of different voltages through AC voltage reduction, and then outputs the voltages to the low-ripple voltage output circuits respectively; The rectifier module is used to convert the input voltage into a direct current voltage; The voltage stabilizing circuit comprises multiple parallel linear voltage stabilizers and a negative feedback circuit, and outputs each single-channel large current, low-ripple constant voltage; The negative feedback circuit comprises an integrated operational amplifier N7 and a PNP-type transistor Q1; The adjustment end of each parallel linear voltage stabilizer is connected with the emitter of the PNP-type transistor Q1; The base of the PNP-type transistor Q1 is connected with the output end of the integrated operational amplifier N7; The output end of each parallel linear voltage stabilizer is connected in series with one end of a corresponding ballast resistor, and the other end of each ballast resistor is connected with the -input end of the integrated operational amplifier N7; The other end of each ballast resistor is the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit.

2. The power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein The power supply circuit further comprises a fuse and an EMI filter arranged before the multi-channel AC voltage regulator; The fuse is used for overcurrent protection, and the EMI filter is used for filtering electromagnetic interference.

3. The power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein, The low-ripple voltage output circuit further comprises a relay arranged before the rectifier module and a filter output circuit arranged after the voltage stabilizing circuit; The relay is used for over-temperature protection, and the filter output circuit is used for filtering the voltage output by the voltage stabilizing circuit.

4. The power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein, The multi-channel AC voltage regulator outputs multiple channels of different voltages according to the voltage / current power supply requirements of the cold atom interferometry system.

5. The power supply circuit of claim 4, wherein, The power supply requirement of the cold atom interferometer system, the voltage value includes one or more of 24V, 18V, 15V, 12V, 9V and 5V, and the voltage ripple is lower than 1mV rms .

6. The power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein, The multi-channel AC voltage regulator uses a carbon brush to adjust the output, which adapts to the input voltage requirements of the linear voltage stabilizer in the later stage.

7. The power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein, The voltage stabilizing circuit further comprises a potentiometer R11; The +input end of the integrated operational amplifier N7 is connected with the moving contact of the potentiometer R11; The collector of the PNP-type transistor Q1 is connected with one fixed contact of the potentiometer R11, and the other fixed contact of the potentiometer R11 is grounded; The output voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit is adjusted by adjusting the potentiometer R11.

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