A large disc filter used for tailings dewatering

Abstract

The present invention introduces a large disc filter used for tailings dewatering, comprising a tank body, a central shaft, a filter disc assembly, a driving device, an end distribution head, a blowing device, a liquid level detection device, a cleaning device and a scraper device; the central shaft is arranged in the middle of the tank body, the filter disc assemblies are respectively arranged on the respective rings of the central shaft, the driving device drives the central shaft to rotate, and the filter disc assembly rotates in the tank body; the end distribution heads are respectively connected to the end distribution pads at both ends of the central shaft, the blowing device is connected to the blowing port of the end distribution head, the liquid level detection device is installed on the tank body pedal, the cleaning device is arranged on the outside of the frame of the tank body, and the scraper device is arranged on the side wall of the blanking chute of the tank body. The single tank of the present invention adopts a wide upper and narrow lower structure to minimize sedimentation. The fan-shaped filter plate has an equal perimeter structure, and there is no need to remove the filter plate when replacing the filter cloth. The structure of the central shaft eliminates the phenomenon of cross-flow of adjacent channels after the central shaft is worn, and has the characteristics of long service life and good sealing performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of disc filters for solid-liquid separation, and in particular to a large disc filter used for tailings dehydration. Background Art

[0002] Dry discharge of tailings is a transformation of the traditional tailings storage method. Through a certain process, the tailings slurry can be separated into the maximum dry material and water. The dry material that meets the moisture content requirement can be transported to the tailings yard for storage, and the water can be used as return water for the dressing plant. The safety of dry stacking is better than wet discharge, avoiding the risks faced by tailings ponds; it occupies less land and has low subsequent production costs; it can develop mines that originally did not have the conditions for building tailings ponds; the conditions required for the yard are not harsh, and abandoned mining pits can be used as yards; the return water utilization rate can reach more than 80%, which has obvious advantages in severely water-scarce areas and can reduce pollution to the environment.

[0003] The bottom of the traditional disc filter tank adopts motor stirring, which has the problems of high energy consumption, low production efficiency, inability to handle fine particle materials, low vacuum degree, high filter cake moisture, etc. In addition, motor stirring restricts the large-scale filter.

[0004] Therefore, it has become a basic demand of those skilled in the art to propose an extra-large vacuum disc filter that is energy-saving, low in moisture, has strong processing capacity, long life, and is stable and reliable. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a large disc filter for tailings dewatering, which has strong processing capacity, long service life, and is stable and reliable.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0007] A large disc filter used for tailings dewatering, comprising a tank body, a central shaft, a filter disc assembly, a drive device, an end distribution head, an air blowing device, a liquid level detection device, a cleaning device and a scraper device;

[0008] The trough body is composed of welded steel plates, a frame is arranged around the trough body, a feed port is arranged at the bottom of the trough body, the two end plates of the trough body are arc-shaped plate structures, the lower part of the trough body is a plurality of single troughs, the upper part is a through trough, the bottom of the single trough is an arc-shaped structure consistent with the two end plates of the trough body, the cross-section of the single trough is a structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the tops of the middle sections of two adjacent single troughs are connected by a herringbone plate to prevent material accumulation on the guide rail side; the two single troughs on one side of the herringbone plate are raised to the top of the trough body by a partition to form a plurality of blanking troughs in the unloading area, and a pedal is arranged between the two corresponding single troughs on the other side;

[0009] The central shaft is arranged in the middle of the trough body, and the central shaft includes a shaft body, a spacer ring plate, a wear-resistant bushing, a collar and an end distribution pad; a driving end support shaft cooperating with the driving device is arranged at the center of one end of the shaft body, and a non-driving end support shaft cooperating with the bearing seat is arranged at the center of the other end; the spacer ring plate is arranged on the outer edge of the middle of the shaft body, and the spacer ring plate divides the shaft body into two sections. A plurality of flow channels are staggered along the circumference on the outer edges of the two sections of the shaft on both sides of the spacer ring plate, and the outer ends of the flow channels are open; the wear-resistant bushings are respectively arranged in each flow channel; a plurality of collars are evenly arranged on the outer edge of the shaft body, and a plurality of filter plate mounting holes are arranged on the circumference of the collar, and the shaft body and the wear-resistant bushing at the corresponding positions of each filter plate mounting hole are provided with through holes that pass through the wear-resistant bushing; the end distribution pads are respectively arranged on the two end surfaces of the shaft body, and the end distribution pads are provided with holes that pass through corresponding to the outer ports of each wear-resistant bushing;

[0010] The filter disc assembly is respectively arranged on each collar of the central axis, and the filter disc assembly includes a plurality of sector-shaped filter plates, which include a hollow plate handle and three hollow sector-shaped plates arranged in parallel on the plate handle. The thickness of the sector-shaped plate gradually becomes thicker from the end to the root of the plate handle, and the cross-section of the end and the root has the same circumference. The sector-shaped plate is provided with filter holes; the plurality of sector-shaped filter plates are installed in the filter plate installation holes on the circumference of the collar through the plate handle to form a whole circular filter disc;

[0011] The driving device is a planetary reduction motor, which is connected to the support shaft of the central shaft drive end through a drum gear coupling, driving the central shaft to rotate and causing the filter disc assembly to rotate in the tank body;

[0012] The end distribution head includes a driving end distribution head and a non-driving distribution head, which are respectively connected to the end distribution pads at both ends of the central shaft, and grease is filled in between. The driving end distribution head and the non-driving distribution head are both castings, which distribute the working status of the filter plate components on the two sections of the central shaft in various areas. The end distribution head includes a dry suction area, a liquid suction area, a filter cloth suction area, a liquid level upper blowing area and a liquid level lower blowing area; a three-way connection is provided in the liquid level upper blowing area to divide it into two ways, one way is connected to the compressed air through the valve control, and the other way is connected to the vacuum pipeline of the dry suction area. The dry suction area is connected during normal operation to avoid waste in the dry suction area. When the machine is shut down for ultrasonic cleaning of the filter cloth, the compressed air here is connected to avoid the filter cloth from returning. Water is used to reduce water consumption; the air blowing under the liquid level is connected to a separate compressed air pipeline, which can be used for continuous or intermittent blowing. The filter cloth is recycled under the liquid level. At the same time, when blowing under the liquid level, solid particles in the gaps of the filter cloth can be thoroughly removed, thereby extending the service life of the filter cloth; two wear-resistant alloy cast iron fan-shaped blocks and two annular grooves are provided on the end faces of the drive end distribution head and the non-drive end distribution head. The wear-resistant fan-shaped blocks are connected to the end distribution head body by screws, and the annular grooves are filled with wear-resistant graphite and fastened with adhesive; the end distribution head is tightened against the anti-rotation block at the bottom of the end distribution head by the anti-rotation bracket provided on the trough body to prevent rotation; the end distribution head is provided with 4 ears, which are axially pressed against the clamping frame of the trough body by a compression spring;

[0013] The blowing pipe of the blowing device is connected to the blowing ports of the liquid level upper blowing area and the liquid level lower blowing area on the end distribution head. The blowing pipe is provided with a solenoid valve and a proximity switch. The high-pressure air interval backblowing is controlled by the solenoid valve and the proximity switch. The blowing position on the filter disc is switched according to the material properties and the feed amount to control the filter cake moisture and production capacity.

[0014] The liquid level detection device is installed on the mounting block on the tank pedal through a threaded connection. The liquid level detection device and the blowing device are interlocked with each other. When the liquid level in the tank reaches a certain height, the blowing device starts to blow back air to achieve unloading and filter cloth regeneration.

[0015] The cleaning device is welded to the outside of the frame of the tank body by a bracket, and fan-shaped nozzles are staggered in two directions on the middle spray branch pipe, so that one spray branch pipe sprays the surface of two filter discs at the same time;

[0016] The scraper device is arranged on the side wall of the blanking chute of the trough body, and the distance between the scraper and the fan-shaped plate can be adjusted.

[0017] Specifically, wear-resistant layers are fixed to the inner walls of the blanking trough of the trough body by bolts to ensure that the structure is firm and durable.

[0018] Specifically, the specific structure of the central axis shaft body is as follows: the shaft body includes a central tube body, vertical ribs and a top plate; a number of vertical ribs are radially and evenly arranged on the two outer edges of the central tube body along the circumferential direction of the central tube body, and the outer ends of the two groups of vertical ribs on the two outer edges of the central tube body are respectively flush with the two ends of the central tube body, and the inner ends are respectively perpendicular to the annular surfaces on both sides of the spacer ring plate, and the two groups of vertical ribs are staggered on the two sections of the central tube body; the top plate is arranged between two adjacent vertical ribs, and the top plate, vertical ribs and spacer ring plate together form a number of flow channels with trapezoidal cross sections.

[0019] More specifically, the wear-resistant bushing of the central shaft is a tubular structure with a trapezoidal cross section that matches the flow channel. The wear-resistant bushing is made of ultra-high molecular polyethylene material. The outer end of the wear-resistant bushing is open and the inner end is closed.

[0020] More specifically, a partition plate is provided in the wear-resistant bushing. The partition plate extends inward from the outer end of the wear-resistant bushing. The length of the partition plate is smaller than the length of the wear-resistant bushing.

[0021] Specifically, the driving end support shaft and the non-driving end support shaft of the central shaft are both arranged at both ends of the shaft body through end covers, and the end covers are respectively arranged in both ends of the central tube body, and the non-driving end support shaft and the driving end support shaft are both arranged on the two end covers by bolts.

[0022] More specifically, the end distribution pads are annular plates, and the inner rings of the two end distribution pads match the outer diameters of the non-driving end support shaft and the driving end support shaft respectively. The end distribution pads are fastened to the end covers by bolts.

[0023] Specifically, the fan-shaped filter plate is made of reinforced polypropylene inside and a steel frame outside to enhance the strength and rigidity of the filter plate.

[0024] Specifically, a wear-resistant sleeve is provided in the middle of the driving end distribution head and the non-driving end distribution head, thereby improving the wear resistance of the end distribution head.

[0025] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] The structure of the single trough at the bottom of the trough body of the present invention with the upper part being through can keep the slurry level in the trough body consistent, effectively improving the filtering performance; the single trough adopts a structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom to minimize the sedimentation phenomenon, and the fan-shaped filter plate has an equal perimeter structure, and there is no need to disassemble the filter plate when replacing the filter cloth, which has high efficiency in replacing the filter cloth and low labor intensity for workers. The filter plate root has good sealing performance and long service life, and can minimize the width of the filter plate, thereby reducing the width of the single trough and the length of the whole machine, avoiding slurry sedimentation, saving costs, and solving the problem of large-scale filter machines; the structure of the central axis adopts ultra-high molecular polyethylene material with super wear resistance and corrosion resistance as the inner sleeve of the flow channel, which is light in weight, has a large opening area, and is convenient to install and operate. The cavity cross-sectional area is uniform and smooth, which can effectively prevent the wear and corrosion of the central shaft by the slurry, and eliminate the cross-gas phenomenon of adjacent channels after the central shaft is worn. It has the characteristics of long service life and good sealing performance, and effectively reduces the production cost of the central shaft of the disc filter for tailings; the cleaning device can realize the simultaneous spraying of the disc surface of two filter discs by one spray branch pipe, reducing the number of near spray branches, simplifying the installation process and reducing production costs at the same time; the end distribution head adopts a double blowing system above and below the liquid level, which improves the adaptability of the filter to various materials. The wear-resistant alloy cast iron fan-shaped block on the end face and the two ring grooves filled with graphite can improve the wear resistance of the distribution head and extend its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of a fan-shaped filter plate installed on the central axis of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 side view.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the tank body of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the central axis of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the installation of the wear-resistant bushing of the central shaft of the present invention in the shaft body.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross section of the wear-resistant bushing of the central shaft of the present invention installed in the shaft body.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a fan-shaped filter plate of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the end distribution head of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1- trough body, 11- frame, 12- single trough, 13- blanking trough, 131- wear-resistant layer plate, 14- pedal, 2- center shaft, 21- shaft body, 211- center tube body, 212- vertical rib, 213- top plate, 22- spacer ring plate, 23- wear-resistant bushing, 231- partition plate, 24- collar, 25- end distribution pad, 3- filter disc assembly, 31- plate handle, 32- fan-shaped plate, 4- driving device, 5- end distribution head, 51- dry suction area, 52- liquid suction area, 53- filter cloth suction area, 54- liquid level upper blowing area, 55- liquid level lower blowing area, 56- fan-shaped block, 57- ring groove, 58- anti-rotation block, 6- blowing device, 7- liquid level detection device, 8- cleaning device, 9- scraper device, 10- anti-rotation bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, which should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.

[0037] Combined with attachment Figure 1-8 The large disc filter shown is used for tailings dewatering, and includes a tank body 1, a central shaft 2, a filter disc assembly 3, a drive device 4, an end distribution head 5, a blowing device 6, a liquid level detection device 7, a cleaning device 8 and a scraper device 9.

[0038] The trough body 1 is composed of welded steel plates. A frame 11 is arranged around the trough body 1. A feed port is arranged at the bottom of the trough body 1. The two end plates of the trough body 1 are arc-shaped plate structures. The lower part of the trough body 1 is composed of several single troughs 12, and the upper part is a through trough. The bottom of the single trough 12 is an arc-shaped structure consistent with the two end plates of the trough body 1. The cross-section of the single trough 12 is a structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. The tops of the middle sections of two adjacent single troughs 12 are connected by a herringbone plate to prevent material accumulation on the guide rail side; the two single troughs 12 on one side of the herringbone plate are raised to the top of the trough body 1 by a partition to form several blanking troughs 13 in the unloading area, and the inner walls of the blanking troughs 13 are fixed with wear-resistant layer plates 131 by bolts to ensure that the structure is strong and durable; a pedal 14 is arranged between the two corresponding single troughs 12 on the other side of the trough body 1.

[0039] The central shaft 2 is arranged in the middle of the trough body 1, and the central shaft 2 includes a shaft body 21, a spacer ring plate 22, a wear-resistant bushing 23, a collar 24 and an end distribution pad 25; the spacer ring plate 22 is arranged on the outer edge of the middle part of the shaft body 21, and the spacer ring plate 22 divides the shaft body 21 into two sections. A plurality of flow channels are staggered along the circumference on the outer edges of the two sections of the shaft body 21 on both sides of the spacer ring plate 22, and the outer ends of the flow channels are open; the shaft body 21 includes a central tube body 211, vertical ribs 212 and a top plate 213; a plurality of vertical ribs 212 are arranged along the central tube body 211 The circumferential direction is radially and evenly arranged on the two outer edges of the central tube body 211. The outer ends of the two groups of vertical ribs 212 on the two outer edges of the central tube body 211 are respectively flush with the two ends of the central tube body 211, and the inner ends are respectively perpendicular to the annular surfaces on both sides of the spacing ring plate 22. The two groups of vertical ribs 212 are staggered on the two sections of the central tube body 211; the top plate 213 is arranged between two adjacent vertical ribs 212, and the top plate 213, the vertical ribs 212 and the spacing ring plate 22 together form a number of flow channels with trapezoidal cross sections.

[0040] The wear-resistant bushing 23 is respectively arranged in each flow channel. The wear-resistant bushing 23 is a tubular structure with a trapezoidal cross-section that matches the flow channel. The wear-resistant bushing 23 is made of ultra-high molecular polyethylene material. The outer end of the wear-resistant bushing 23 is open and the inner end is closed. A partition plate 231 is arranged in the wear-resistant bushing 23. The partition plate 231 extends inward from the outer end of the wear-resistant bushing 23. The length of the partition plate 231 is less than the length of the wear-resistant bushing 23.

[0041] A driving end support shaft cooperating with the driving device 4 is provided at the center of one end of the shaft body 21, and a non-driving end support shaft cooperating with the bearing seat is provided at the center of the other end. The driving end support shaft and the non-driving end support shaft are both provided at both ends of the shaft body 21 through end covers, and the end covers are respectively provided in both ends of the central tube body 211, and the non-driving end support shaft and the driving end support shaft are both provided on the two end covers by bolts.

[0042] A number of collars 24 are evenly arranged on the outer edge of the shaft body 21, and a number of filter plate mounting holes are arranged on the circumference of the collars 24. The shaft body 21 and the wear-resistant bushing 23 at the corresponding position of each filter plate mounting hole are provided with through holes that penetrate into the wear-resistant bushing 23; the end distribution pads 25 are respectively arranged on the two end surfaces of the shaft body 21, and the end distribution pads 25 are annular plates. The inner rings of the two end distribution pads 25 are matched with the outer diameters of the non-driving end support shaft and the driving end support shaft respectively. The end distribution pads 25 are both fastened to the end cover by bolts, and the end distribution pads 25 are provided with holes that penetrate corresponding to the outer ports of each wear-resistant bushing 23.

[0043] The filter disc assembly 3 is respectively arranged on each collar 24 of the central axis 2. The filter disc assembly 3 includes a plurality of sector-shaped filter plates. The sector-shaped filter plate includes a hollow plate handle 31 and three hollow sector-shaped plates 32 arranged in parallel on the plate handle 31. The thickness of the sector-shaped plate 32 gradually becomes thicker from the end to the root in the direction of the plate handle 31. The end and the root have the same circumference. The sector-shaped plate 32 is provided with filter holes; the plurality of sector-shaped filter plates are installed in the filter plate mounting holes on the circumference of the collar 24 through the plate handle 31 to form a whole circular filter disc; the interior of the sector-shaped filter plate is made of reinforced polypropylene and the exterior is made of steel frame to enhance the strength and rigidity of the filter disc.

[0044] When the filter specifications and graduations are determined, the upper length L1 and lower length L2 of each filter plate are determined, and the upper and lower widths of the filter plate are determined by the structure; a structure of a fan-shaped plate handle 31 and three hollow fan-shaped plates 32 is adopted. The upper and lower sections of the three hollow fan-shaped plates 32 have the same perimeter and the entire fan-shaped plate also has the same perimeter; the upper length of the hollow fan-shaped plate 32 is A, and the lower length is B. Since the perimeter is equal, the upper width is B and the lower width is A. The single plate The gap between them is C; the upper length of the entire filter plate is L1, and the lower length is L2. The upper length of the filter plate is L1=3A+2C, the lower length is L2=3B+2C, the upper width is L3, and the lower width is L4. L3=B, L4=A, which are respectively consistent with the upper and lower widths of the hollow sector plate 32; since the entire piece has equal perimeter, the upper and lower perimeters are both the perimeters of three rectangular sections: 2L1+6L3=2L2+6L4, that is, 2*(3A+2C)+6B=2*(3B+2C)+6A. The existence of the gap minimizes the width of the entire filter plate, reduces the width of a single slot of the trough body, and thus reduces the length of the entire machine, saving costs.

[0045] The driving device 4 is a planetary reduction motor, which is connected to the driving end support shaft of the central shaft 2 through a drum gear coupling, driving the central shaft 2 to rotate, so that the filter disc assembly 3 rotates in the tank body 1. The planetary reduction motor is a variable frequency motor, and the speed of the central shaft 2 can be steplessly adjusted by the frequency converter.

[0046] The end distribution head 5 includes a driving end distribution head and a non-driving distribution head, which are respectively connected to the end distribution pads 25 at both ends of the central shaft 2. The driving end distribution head and the non-driving distribution head are both castings, which distribute the working status of the filter plate assemblies on the two sections of the central shaft 2 in various areas. The middle of the driving end distribution head and the non-driving distribution head are both provided with wear-resistant sleeves, thereby improving the wear resistance of the end distribution head 5. The end distribution head 5 includes a drying area 51, a liquid absorption area 52, a filter cloth suction area 53, an upper liquid level blowing area 54 and a lower liquid level blowing area 55; the upper liquid level blowing area is provided with a three-way connection to divide into two paths, one of which is connected to the compressed air and the other is connected to the vacuum pipeline of the drying area 51 through a valve control. The drying area 51 is connected during normal operation to avoid waste in the drying area 51. When the machine is shut down for ultrasonic cleaning of the filter cloth, the compressed air here is connected to avoid water backflow of the filter cloth and reduce water consumption; the blowing below the liquid level is connected to a compressed air pipeline separately, which can be blown continuously or intermittently, and the filter cloth is circulated and recycled below the liquid level. At the same time, when blowing air under the liquid level, solid particles in the gaps of the filter cloth can be completely removed; two wear-resistant alloy cast iron fan-shaped blocks 56 and two annular grooves 57 are provided on the end surface of the end distribution head 5. The wear-resistant fan-shaped blocks 56 are connected to the end distribution head 5 body by screws, and the annular grooves 57 are filled with wear-resistant graphite and fastened by adhesive; the end distribution head 5 is tightened against the anti-rotation block 58 at the bottom of the end distribution head 5 by the anti-rotation bracket 10 provided on the trough body 1 to prevent rotation; the end distribution head 5 is provided with 4 ears, which axially press the end distribution head 5 on the pressing frame of the trough body 1 through a compression spring;

[0047] The blowing pipeline of the blowing device 6 is connected to the blowing ports of the upper liquid level blowing area 54 and the lower liquid level blowing area 55 on the end distribution head 5. A solenoid valve and a proximity switch are provided on the blowing pipeline. The high-pressure air interval backblowing is controlled by the solenoid valve and the proximity switch. The blowing position on the filter disc is switched according to the material properties and feed amount to control the moisture content and production capacity of the filter cake.

[0048] The liquid level detection device 7 is installed on the mounting block on the pedal 14 of the tank body 1 through a threaded connection. The liquid level detection device 7 and the blowing device 6 are interlocked with each other. When the liquid level in the tank body 1 reaches a certain height, the blowing device 6 starts back blowing to achieve unloading and filter cloth regeneration.

[0049] The cleaning device 8 is welded to the outside of the frame 11 of the tank body 1 by a bracket, and fan-shaped nozzles are staggered in two directions on the middle spray branch pipe so that one spray branch pipe sprays the surfaces of two filter discs at the same time.

[0050] The scraper device 9 is arranged on the side wall of the blanking chute 13 of the trough body 1, and the distance between the scraper and the fan-shaped plate 32 can be adjusted; the filter cloth will be blocked after running for a period of time, but the continuous regeneration of the fan-shaped plates 32 on a group of filter discs will cause the liquid level to drop sharply, seriously affecting the normal operation of the filter. Therefore, a comprehensive unloading method of scraper unloading and high-pressure air intermittent backblowing is adopted, which effectively reduces the energy consumption of the vacuum pump, maintains high vacuum, and reduces the moisture content of the filter cake.

[0051] During operation, the slurry is pumped into the tank body 1 from the feed port at the bottom of the tank body 1 by the feeding pump, and the mineral powder settled in the tank body 1 is flushed out, thereby enhancing the stirring performance of the filter; the rotating filter disc assembly 3 and the tank body 1 form a pump wheel structure to realize the self-stirring function, so that the slurry is evenly distributed in the tank body 1; when the filter is in operation, the suction effect of the vacuum pump is used to form a negative pressure. In the liquid absorption area 52, the slurry is sucked toward the filter cloth, and the solid particles form a filter cake on the filter cloth. The filtrate passes through the flow channel of the wear-resistant bushing 23 in the central axis 2 and is discharged from the gas-water separator; when the fan-shaped filter plate leaves the slurry liquid surface and enters the drying area 51, it continues to be connected to the vacuum to further reduce the moisture content of the filter cake; when the fan-shaped filter plate rotates to the unloading area, the scraper of the scraper device 9 scrapes off a part of the filter cake. When the material is very thin, it is regenerated through the filter cloth to form a new filter cake; the filtered material is transported to the tailings yard by the belt conveyor. The whole cycle is a continuous operation process.

[0052] The parts not described in detail in this invention are prior art.

[0053] The embodiments selected herein for the purpose of disclosing the invention are presently considered suitable, but it should be understood that the invention is intended to include all variations and modifications of the embodiments that fall within the scope of the concept and invention.

Claims

1. A large disc filter used for tailings dewatering, characterized in that: It includes a tank body, a central shaft, a filter disc assembly, a driving device, an end distribution head, a blowing device, a liquid level detection device, a cleaning device and a scraper device; The trough body is composed of welded steel plates, a frame is arranged around the trough body, a feed port is arranged at the bottom of the trough body, the two end plates of the trough body are arc-shaped plate structures, the lower part of the trough body is a plurality of single troughs, the upper part is a through trough, the bottom of the single trough is an arc-shaped structure consistent with the two end plates of the trough body, the cross-section of the single trough is a structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the tops of the middle sections of two adjacent single troughs are connected by a herringbone plate to prevent material accumulation on the guide rail side; the two single troughs on one side of the herringbone plate are raised to the top of the trough body by a partition to form a plurality of blanking troughs in the unloading area, and a pedal is arranged between the two corresponding single troughs on the other side; The central shaft is arranged in the middle of the trough body, and the central shaft includes a shaft body, a spacer ring plate, a wear-resistant bushing, a collar and an end distribution pad; the spacer ring plate is arranged on the outer edge of the middle of the shaft body, and the spacer ring plate divides the shaft body into two sections, and a plurality of flow channels are staggered along the circumference on the outer edges of the two sections of the shaft on both sides of the spacer ring plate, and the outer ends of the flow channels are open; the shaft body includes a central tube body, vertical ribs and a top plate; a plurality of vertical ribs are evenly arranged radially along the circumference of the central tube body on the two outer edges of the central tube body, and two sets of vertical ribs on the two outer edges of the central tube body are provided. The outer ends of the ribs are flush with the two ends of the central tube body, and the inner ends are perpendicular to the annular surfaces on both sides of the spacer ring plate. The two sets of vertical ribs are staggered on the two sections of the central tube body; the top plate is set between two adjacent vertical ribs, and the top plate, vertical ribs and spacer ring plate together form several flow channels with trapezoidal cross sections; wear-resistant bushings are respectively set in each flow channel, and the wear-resistant bushings are tubular structures with trapezoidal cross sections that match the flow channels. The wear-resistant bushings are made of ultra-high molecular polyethylene material, with open outer ends and closed inner ends. The cam is provided with a plurality of end caps, and the cam is provided with a plurality of end caps, and the cam is provided with a plurality of end caps. The filter disc assembly is respectively arranged on each collar of the central axis, and the filter disc assembly includes a plurality of sector-shaped filter plates, which include a hollow plate handle and three hollow sector-shaped plates arranged in parallel on the plate handle. The thickness of the sector-shaped plate gradually becomes thicker from the end to the root of the plate handle, and the cross-section of the end and the root has the same circumference. The sector-shaped plate is provided with filter holes; the plurality of sector-shaped filter plates are installed in the filter plate installation holes on the circumference of the collar through the plate handle to form a whole circular filter disc; The driving device is a planetary reduction motor, which is connected to the support shaft of the central shaft drive end through a drum gear coupling, driving the central shaft to rotate and causing the filter disc assembly to rotate in the tank body; The end distribution head includes a driving end distribution head and a non-driving distribution head, which are respectively connected to the end distribution pads at both ends of the central shaft. The driving end distribution head and the non-driving distribution head are both castings, which distribute the working status of the filter plate components on the two sections of the central shaft in various areas. The end distribution head includes a dry suction area, a liquid suction area, a filter cloth suction area, a liquid level upper blowing area and a liquid level lower blowing area; a three-way connection is provided in the liquid level upper blowing area to divide it into two ways, one way is connected to the compressed air through the valve control, and the other way is connected to the vacuum pipeline of the dry suction area. The dry suction area is connected during normal operation to avoid waste in the dry suction area. When the machine is shut down for ultrasonic cleaning of the filter cloth, the compressed air here is connected to avoid filter The cloth returns water, reducing water consumption; the air blowing under the liquid level is separately connected to the compressed air pipeline, which can be blown continuously or intermittently, and the filter cloth is recycled under the liquid level. At the same time, when blowing under the liquid level, the solid particles in the gaps of the filter cloth can be thoroughly removed; two wear-resistant alloy cast iron fan-shaped blocks and two annular grooves are set on the end faces of the driving end distribution head and the non-driving end distribution head. The fan-shaped blocks are connected to the end distribution head body by screws, and the annular grooves are filled with wear-resistant graphite and fastened by adhesive; the end distribution head is tightened to the anti-rotation block at the bottom of the end distribution head by the anti-rotation bracket set on the trough body to prevent rotation; the end distribution head is provided with 4 ears, and the end distribution head is axially pressed against the pressing frame of the trough body by compression springs; The blowing pipe of the blowing device is connected to the blowing ports of the liquid level upper blowing area and the liquid level lower blowing area on the end distribution head. The blowing pipe is provided with a solenoid valve and a proximity switch. The high-pressure air interval backblowing is controlled by the solenoid valve and the proximity switch. The blowing position on the filter disc is switched according to the material properties and the feed amount to control the filter cake moisture and production capacity. The liquid level detection device is installed on the mounting block on the tank pedal through a threaded connection. The liquid level detection device and the blowing device are interlocked with each other. When the liquid level in the tank reaches a certain height, the blowing device starts to blow back air to achieve unloading and filter cloth regeneration. The cleaning device is installed on the outside of the tank frame through a bracket welding. The central spray branch pipe is staggered with fan-shaped nozzles in two directions, so that one spray branch pipe can spray the surface of two filter discs at the same time. The scraper device is arranged on the side wall of the blanking chute of the trough body, and the distance between the scraper and the fan-shaped plate can be adjusted.

2. The large disc filter for tailings dewatering according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wear-resistant layers are fixed on the inner walls of the blanking trough of the trough body by bolts.

3. The large disc filter for tailings dewatering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan-shaped filter plate is made of reinforced polypropylene inside and a steel frame outside to enhance the strength and rigidity of the filter plate.

4. The large disc filter for tailings dewatering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle parts of the driving end distribution head and the non-driving end distribution head are both provided with wear-resistant sleeves.

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