An energy supply system and method for an ocean-going vessel

Abstract

The application provides a device system and a method for energy supply of an ocean-going ship, which comprises a ship central cooling system, a heavy oil hydrogen mixing system, a ship heating system, a solid oxide electrolysis system and a ship wind power generation system; the ship central cooling system comprises a ship engine; a fresh water cooling outlet pipe of the ship central cooling system is connected with the ship heating system; a steam outlet of the ship heating system is connected with the solid oxide electrolysis system; the ship wind power generation system is connected with the solid oxide electrolysis system through an electric power facility; a hydrogen outlet of the solid oxide electrolysis system is connected with the heavy oil hydrogen mixing system; and a fuel oil outlet of the heavy oil hydrogen mixing system is connected with the ship engine. The application can realize multi-stage utilization of energy and effectively recycle waste heat generated by a diesel engine of the ship.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of multi-energy utilization, in particular to a device system and method for energy cogeneration of an ocean-going ship. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, the fuel used by ocean-going ships is heavy oil, which can pollute the marine environment during use. In order to reduce the pollution of ship operation to the marine environment, a heavy oil hydrogenation method is usually used. In the process of using heavy oil to mix hydrogen, heavy oil mixed with hydrogen can reduce the emission of sulfur oxides and carbon oxides, and improve the fuel quality of heavy oil. Since hydrogen is not easy to store and transport, the hydrogen mixing scheme on land is not suitable for ocean-going ships.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to realize a convenient and efficient hydrogen production scheme on a ship.

[0004] However, although the method of producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water can be used at present, the ship lacks fresh water, and the ship fresh water needs a seawater desalination device. The purity of the water supply and the need for noble metals as catalysts restrict the use of conventional electrolytic cells in ocean-going ships. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a device system and method for energy cogeneration of an ocean-going ship, which applies a solid oxide electrolysis cell seawater electrolysis hydrogen production technology to a ship as a raw material gas for mixing hydrogen with heavy oil of the ship to improve the fuel quality of the heavy oil, reduce the emission of pollutants to the marine environment, and combine offshore wind power generation to recover the heat carried away by seawater cooling by using a multi-stage cooling method in the central cooling system of the ship, solve the problem that there is no hydrogenation station facility in the port for hydrogen energy ships and hydrogen is difficult to transport and store, realize self-hydrogen production of the ship at sea, improve the offshore endurance, and provide a new idea for clean energy conversion of ocean-going ships.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a device system for energy cogeneration of an ocean-going ship, which comprises a ship central cooling system, a heavy oil hydrogen mixing system, a ship heat supply system, a solid oxide electrolysis system and a ship wind power generation system. The ship central cooling system comprises a ship engine. The fresh water cooling outlet pipe of the ship central cooling system is connected with the ship heat supply system. The steam outlet in the ship heat supply system is connected with the solid oxide electrolysis system. The ship wind power generation system is connected with the solid oxide electrolysis system through power facilities. The hydrogen outlet of the solid oxide electrolysis system is connected with the heavy oil hydrogen mixing system. The fuel oil outlet of the heavy oil hydrogen mixing system is connected with the ship engine.

[0008] The combined energy supply system for ocean-going vessels provided by this invention enables vessels to produce hydrogen autonomously. It uses seawater as raw material, offshore wind power generation, and a solid oxide electrolyzer as the carrier for hydrogen production, directly converting seawater into hydrogen and oxygen. This increases the ocean-going range of hydrogen-powered vessels and avoids the leakage risks associated with long-term hydrogen storage and transportation. Furthermore, the system can utilize the heat generated by the ship's engines in the central cooling system at multiple stages, thereby meeting the heat requirements of the solid oxide electrolyzer system.

[0009] This invention selects a solid oxide electrolysis system as the device for electrolytic hydrogen production. The solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is the reverse process of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and is a highly efficient and low-pollution energy conversion device. The function of the solid oxide electrolysis cell is to convert electrical energy into chemical energy. That is, the solid oxide electrolysis cell can convert electrical energy into hydrogen gas for energy storage through efficient electrolysis, with a Faraday current efficiency of up to 100%. The material used in the solid oxide electrolysis cell is ceramic, resulting in low processing costs. However, because the operating temperature of the SOEC is relatively high, typically between 600 and 1000°C, while the steam temperature generated by the ship's heating system does not reach this operating temperature, this invention combines the ship's heating system with the ship's wind power generation system to ensure the operating temperature of the solid oxide electrolysis system and achieve the effect of producing hydrogen from seawater.

[0010] In this invention, "ocean-going vessel" refers to a ship suitable for unlimited navigation areas and capable of navigating ocean routes. Specifically, it refers to vessels approved to participate in international shipping routes and engage in ocean transport. Ocean-going vessels possess significant range and good seakeeping capabilities.

[0011] Preferably, the ship's central cooling system includes a ship engine, a freshwater cooling device, and a seawater cooling device connected in sequence.

[0012] Preferably, the freshwater cooling outlet pipe is installed on the freshwater cooling device.

[0013] Preferably, the seawater cooling device is provided with a seawater outlet.

[0014] Preferably, the seawater outlet of the seawater cooling device is connected to the solid oxide electrolysis system.

[0015] Preferably, the ship's central cooling system further includes a liquid phase delivery device for delivering seawater to the seawater cooling device.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid phase transport device is a seawater pump.

[0017] Preferably, the ship engine is a marine diesel engine.

[0018] Preferably, the marine heating system is a marine boiler.

[0019] Preferably, the marine boiler is provided with a fresh water inlet and a steam outlet.

[0020] Preferably, the freshwater cooling outlet pipe of the ship's central cooling system is connected to the freshwater inlet of the ship's heating system.

[0021] Preferably, the solid oxide electrolysis system includes a solid oxide electrolysis cell and a heating device disposed outside the solid oxide electrolysis cell.

[0022] Preferably, the solid oxide electrolytic cell comprises, from bottom to top, a fuel electrode support layer, a fuel electrode functional layer, an electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and an air electrode layer.

[0023] Existing electrolyzers cannot meet the requirements for long-term stable hydrogen production from seawater electrolysis. Compared with proton exchange membrane electrolyzers and alkaline electrolyzers, solid oxide electrolyzers do not require expensive catalysts and precious metals. Solid oxide electrolyzers themselves are made from ceramic materials, making them inexpensive.

[0024] Preferably, the solid oxide electrolyzer includes a flat-tube anode-supported solid oxide electrolyzer, more preferably the ASCs battery independently developed by IEK (Electrochemical Performance and Preliminary Post-Mortem Analysis of a Solid Oxide Cell Stack with 20,000h of Operation. Fang Q et al. Journal of The Electrochemical Society. 2018; 165: F38-F45.). This solid oxide electrolyzer can achieve stable operation for more than 10,000 hours, and can completely achieve zero pollution emissions from ships.

[0025] Preferably, the solid oxide electrolytic cell includes a hydrogen outlet and an oxygen outlet.

[0026] Preferably, the device system further includes an oxygen storage device connected to the oxygen outlet.

[0027] Preferably, the device system further includes a hydrogen storage device connected to the hydrogen outlet.

[0028] Preferably, the hydrogen outlet is also connected to the ship's heating system.

[0029] Preferably, the device system further includes a temporary hydrogen supply station connected to the hydrogen outlet.

[0030] The device system described in this invention can also collect surplus hydrogen to build temporary hydrogen supply stations, thereby enabling mobile hydrogen refueling stations at sea to provide hydrogen energy for small ships and overcome the current difficulties in refueling ships.

[0031] Preferably, the device system further includes a voltage regulator disposed between the ship's wind power generation system and the solid oxide electrolysis system.

[0032] The present invention does not impose any special restrictions on the voltage regulator, and any voltage regulator well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0033] Preferably, the heating device includes a steam inlet and an electric heating element.

[0034] The present invention does not impose any special restrictions on the electric heating device, and any electric heating device well known to those skilled in the art can be used, such as a resistance temperature detector (RTD).

[0035] Preferably, the steam outlet of the marine heating system is connected to the steam inlet of the solid oxide electrolysis system.

[0036] Preferably, the ship's wind power generation system is connected to the electric heating device.

[0037] Preferably, the heavy oil hydrogen blending system is a fixed-bed reactor.

[0038] The present invention does not limit the catalyst used in the fixed bed reactor, the form of the fixed bed reactor, etc., and any heavy oil hydrogen blending system known to those skilled in the art that can be used in ocean-going vessels can be used.

[0039] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels, wherein the method employs the combined energy supply device system for ocean-going vessels described in the first aspect.

[0040] The method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels provided by the second aspect of the present invention enables direct electrolysis of seawater to produce hydrogen from ocean-going vessels, avoiding long-distance transportation of hydrogen, and enabling multi-level utilization of energy, thereby increasing the ocean-going range of hydrogen-powered vessels.

[0041] Preferably, the method includes:

[0042] The fresh water generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the ship's heating system to generate steam, while the seawater generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the solid oxide electrolysis system for electrolysis.

[0043] The steam and the electricity generated by the ship's wind power generation system together provide energy for the solid oxide electrolysis system to electrolyze seawater. The electrolysis of seawater also produces hydrogen and oxygen. Part of the hydrogen is transported to the heavy oil blending system to improve the quality of the heavy oil. The heavy oil blending system then delivers the improved fuel oil to the ship's engine for use as fuel.

[0044] The density of the heavy oil used in this invention for ocean-going vessels can reach 0.94–1.06 g / cm³. 3 For example, it could be 0.94 g / cm³. 3 0.95g / cm 3 0.96g / cm 3 0.98g / cm 3 1.0g / cm 3 1.01 g / cm 3 1.02g / cm 3 1.05g / cm 3 Or 1.06 g / cm 3 The viscosity of heavy oil is between 50 and 2000 mm. 2 / s, for example, could be 50mm 2 / s, 100mm 2 / s, 200mm 2 / s, 300mm 2 / s, 500mm 2 / s, 600mm 2 / s, 700mm 2 / s, 800mm 2 / s, 900mm 2 / s, 1000mm 2 / s, 1200mm 2 / s, 1300mm 2 / s, 1400mm 2 / s, 1500mm 2 / s, 1800mm 2 / s or 2000mm 2 / s etc.

[0045] To reduce costs, ocean-going vessels generally use heavy fuel oil, which has a high density and viscosity. This makes fuel storage, transportation, purification, and atomization difficult. In addition, heavy fuel oil contains a lot of impurities such as water, ash, sulfur, vanadium, sodium, silicon, and residual carbon. These impurities exacerbate the corrosion and wear of diesel engine combustion chamber components and fuel injection equipment elements. Furthermore, the exhaust gas after combustion has a significant impact on the marine environment. To mitigate the pollution of the marine environment during ocean voyages, heavy fuel oil is treated with hydrogen blending.

[0046] Preferably, the hydrogen is partially transported to a temporary hydrogen supply station for refueling small vessels.

[0047] Preferably, the hydrogen is partially supplied to the ship's heating system to generate steam.

[0048] Preferably, the oxygen is delivered to an oxygen storage device for later use.

[0049] Preferably, the temperature of the steam is 500-600°C, for example, it can be 500°C, 510°C, 520°C, 530°C, 540°C, 550°C, 560°C, 570°C, 580°C, 590°C or 600°C.

[0050] Preferably, the operating temperature of the solid oxide electrolytic cell is 600 to 1000°C, for example, it can be 600°C, 650°C, 700°C, 750°C, 800°C, 820°C, 850°C, 890°C or 1000°C.

[0051] As can be seen from the temperatures of the two systems above, the steam temperature generated by the ship's heating system is difficult to meet the working temperature of the solid oxide electrolyzer. However, by combining it with the ship's wind power generation system, this invention solves the problem of the high working temperature of the solid oxide electrolyzer and successfully realizes the application of the solid oxide electrolyzer in the shipbuilding field.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0053] (1) The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels provided by the present invention proposes a feasible integrated scheme for hydrogen production using solid oxide electrolysis cells, thereby realizing the recycling of energy;

[0054] (2) The solid oxide electrolytic cell in the combined energy supply system for ocean-going vessels provided by this invention can achieve a high power density and has high mechanical strength. It is also easy to process and seal, which greatly helps to improve the long-term operational stability and electrolytic performance of the battery. The electrolytic cell operates in a high-temperature environment, and the electrical energy required for electrolysis can be partially replaced by heat. The electrolysis process consumes less electrical energy than other electrolytic cells, and the electrolysis efficiency is higher.

[0055] (3) The method for cogeneration of energy for ocean-going vessels provided by the present invention can realize direct electrolysis of seawater to produce hydrogen and has good durability; moreover, it does not require precious metal catalysts of conventional electrolyzers and is cheaper; furthermore, the method for cogeneration of energy for ocean-going vessels can realize multi-level utilization of energy and effectively recover the waste heat generated by diesel engines in ships. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of the combined energy supply device for ocean-going vessels provided by the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a stability test diagram of the solid oxide electrolytic cell in Application Example 1 of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between the applied current density and the amount of hydrogen produced by electrolysis in the solid oxide electrolysis cell for seawater electrolysis in Application Example 1 of this invention.

[0059] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the efficiency of hydrogen production from seawater at different current densities during the electrolysis of seawater in Application Example 1 of this invention.

[0060] In the diagram: 1-Marine engine; 2-Freshwater cooling device; 3-Liquid phase transport device; 4-Seawater cooling device; 5-Marine heating system; 6-Heating device; 7-Solid oxide electrolyzer; 8-Voltage regulator; 9-Oxygen storage device; 10-Hydrogen storage device; 11-Temporary hydrogen supply station; 12-Heavy oil blending system; 13-Marine wind power generation system. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0062] This invention provides a device system for combined energy supply on ocean-going vessels, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device system includes:

[0063] The ship includes a central cooling system, a heavy oil hydrogen blending system 12, a marine heating system 5, a solid oxide electrolysis system, and a marine wind power generation system 13. The central cooling system includes a marine engine 1. The freshwater cooling outlet pipe of the central cooling system is connected to the marine heating system 5. The steam outlet of the marine heating system 5 is connected to the solid oxide electrolysis system. The marine wind power generation system 13 is connected to the solid oxide electrolysis system via electrical facilities. The hydrogen outlet of the solid oxide electrolysis system is connected to the heavy oil hydrogen blending system 12. The fuel oil outlet of the heavy oil hydrogen blending system 12 is connected to the marine engine 1.

[0064] The ship's central cooling system includes a ship engine 1, a freshwater cooling device 2, and a seawater cooling device 4 connected in sequence; the freshwater cooling outlet pipe is installed on the freshwater cooling device 2; the seawater cooling device 4 is provided with a seawater outlet; the seawater outlet in the seawater cooling device 4 is connected to the solid oxide electrolysis system.

[0065] The ship's central cooling system also includes a liquid phase delivery device 3 for delivering seawater to the seawater cooling device 4; the liquid phase delivery device 3 is a seawater pump; and the ship's engine 1 is a ship diesel engine.

[0066] The marine heating system 5 is a marine boiler; the marine boiler is equipped with a fresh water inlet and a steam outlet; the fresh water cooling outlet pipe of the ship's central cooling system is connected to the fresh water inlet of the marine heating system 5.

[0067] The solid oxide electrolysis system includes a solid oxide electrolysis cell 7 and a heating device 6 disposed outside the solid oxide electrolysis cell 7; the solid oxide electrolysis cell 7 includes, from bottom to top, a fuel electrode support layer, a fuel electrode functional layer, an electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and an air electrode layer; the solid oxide electrolysis cell 7 includes a hydrogen outlet and an oxygen outlet; the system also includes an oxygen storage device 9 connected to the oxygen outlet; the system also includes a hydrogen storage device 10 connected to the hydrogen outlet; the hydrogen outlet is also connected to the ship's heating system; the system also includes a temporary hydrogen supply station 11 connected to the hydrogen outlet.

[0068] The device system also includes a voltage regulator 8 disposed between the ship's wind power generation system 13 and the solid oxide electrolysis system.

[0069] The heating device 6 includes a steam inlet and an electric heating element; the steam outlet of the marine heating system 5 is connected to the steam inlet of the solid oxide electrolysis system; and the marine wind power generation system 13 is connected to the electric heating element.

[0070] Using the above-mentioned combined energy supply system for ocean-going vessels, this invention provides a method for combined energy supply on ocean-going vessels, the method comprising:

[0071] The fresh water generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the ship's heating system to generate steam, while the seawater generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the solid oxide electrolysis system for electrolysis.

[0072] The steam and the electricity generated by the ship's wind power generation system together provide energy for the solid oxide electrolysis system to electrolyze seawater. The electrolysis of seawater also produces hydrogen and oxygen. Part of the hydrogen is transported to the heavy oil blending system to improve the quality of the heavy oil. The heavy oil blending system then delivers the improved fuel oil to the ship's engine for use as fuel.

[0073] The hydrogen is partially supplied to a temporary hydrogen supply station for refueling small ships; the hydrogen is partially supplied to the ship's heating system for generating steam; the oxygen is supplied to an oxygen storage device for later use; the temperature of the steam is 500–600°C; and the operating temperature of the solid oxide electrolysis cell is 600–1000°C.

[0074] The present invention will now be described in further detail. However, the examples described below are merely simplified examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the claims.

[0075] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0076] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention necessarily includes the necessary pipelines, conventional valves and general pump equipment for achieving complete process, but the above content is not the main inventive point of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can add layouts based on process flow and equipment structure selection, and the present invention does not make any special requirements or specific limitations in this regard.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] This embodiment provides a device system for combined energy supply on ocean-going vessels, the device system comprising:

[0079] The ship includes a central cooling system, a heavy oil hydrogen blending system, a marine heating system, a solid oxide electrolysis system, and a marine wind power generation system. The central cooling system comprises a ship's engine. The freshwater cooling outlet pipe of the central cooling system is connected to the marine heating system. The steam outlet of the marine heating system is connected to the solid oxide electrolysis system. The marine wind power generation system is connected to the solid oxide electrolysis system via electrical facilities. The hydrogen outlet of the solid oxide electrolysis system is connected to the heavy oil hydrogen blending system. The fuel oil outlet of the heavy oil hydrogen blending system is connected to the ship's engine.

[0080] The ship's central cooling system includes a ship engine, a freshwater cooling device, and a seawater cooling device connected in sequence; the freshwater cooling outlet pipe is installed on the freshwater cooling device; the seawater cooling device is provided with a seawater outlet; the seawater outlet in the seawater cooling device is connected to the solid oxide electrolysis system.

[0081] The ship's central cooling system also includes a liquid phase delivery device for supplying seawater to the seawater cooling device; the liquid phase delivery device is a seawater pump; and the ship's engine is a marine diesel engine.

[0082] The marine heating system is a marine boiler; the marine boiler is equipped with a fresh water inlet and a steam outlet; the fresh water cooling outlet pipe of the ship's central cooling system is connected to the fresh water inlet of the marine heating system.

[0083] The solid oxide electrolysis system includes a solid oxide electrolysis cell and a heating device disposed outside the solid oxide electrolysis cell. The solid oxide electrolysis cell, from bottom to top, includes a fuel electrode support layer, a fuel electrode functional layer, an electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and an air electrode layer. The solid oxide electrolysis cell includes a hydrogen outlet and an oxygen outlet. The solid oxide electrolysis cell is a flat-tube anode-supported solid oxide electrolysis cell developed by Zhejiang Hydrogenbang Technology Co., Ltd., model 20W H2-Bank. The system also includes an oxygen storage device connected to the oxygen outlet. The system further includes a hydrogen storage device connected to the hydrogen outlet. The hydrogen outlet is also connected to the ship's heating system. The system also includes a temporary hydrogen supply station connected to the hydrogen outlet.

[0084] The device system also includes a voltage regulator disposed between the ship's wind power generation system and the solid oxide electrolysis system.

[0085] The heating device includes a steam inlet and an electric heating element; the steam outlet of the marine heating system is connected to the steam inlet of the solid oxide electrolysis system; and the ship's wind power generation system is connected to the electric heating element.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] This embodiment provides a device system for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels. The device system is the same as in Embodiment 1, except that the solid oxide electrolyzer is replaced with an IEK-developed ASCs battery (Electrochemical Performance and Preliminary Post-Mortem Analysis of a Solid Oxide Cell Stack with 20,000h of Operation. Fang Q et al. Journal of The Electrochemical Society. 2018; 165: F38-F45.).

[0088] Application Example 1

[0089] This application example provides a method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels. The method uses the combined energy supply system for ocean-going vessels provided in Example 1, and specifically includes:

[0090] The fresh water generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the ship's heating system to generate steam, while the seawater generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the solid oxide electrolysis system for electrolysis.

[0091] The steam and the electricity generated by the ship's wind power generation system together provide energy for the solid oxide electrolysis system to electrolyze seawater. The electrolysis of seawater also produces hydrogen and oxygen. Part of the hydrogen is transported to the heavy oil blending system to improve the quality of the heavy oil. The heavy oil blending system then delivers the improved fuel oil to the ship's engine for use as fuel.

[0092] The hydrogen is partially supplied to a temporary hydrogen supply station for refueling small ships; the hydrogen is partially supplied to the ship's heating system for generating steam; the oxygen is supplied to an oxygen storage device for standby; the temperature of the steam is controlled at 500-520℃ (fluctuating during long-term operation); the operating temperature of the solid oxide electrolysis cell is 800-1000℃ (fluctuating during long-term operation).

[0093] The stability test of the solid oxide electrolytic cell was performed, such as... Figure 2 As shown, from Figure 2 As can be seen, the solid oxide electrolysis of seawater for hydrogen production achieved a stable test duration of 670 hours at a current density of 400 mA / cm², which meets the requirements for ocean-going vessel operations. Furthermore... Figure 3 The relationship between the applied current density and the hydrogen production in a solid oxide electrolyzer for seawater electrolysis is presented. The hydrogen production can be controlled by the applied current density, which has good controllability and can adapt to various environments during the operation of ocean-going vessels. Figure 4 The efficiency of hydrogen production from seawater electrolysis in a solid oxide electrolyzer under different current densities is presented. It can be seen that the energy efficiency can reach 66%, and the energy efficiency can be adjusted by adjusting different current densities, which can adapt to various environments during the operation of ocean-going vessels.

[0094] Application Example 2

[0095] This application example provides a method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels. The method uses the combined energy supply system for ocean-going vessels provided in Example 2, and specifically includes:

[0096] The fresh water generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the ship's heating system to generate steam, while the seawater generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the solid oxide electrolysis system for electrolysis.

[0097] The steam and the electricity generated by the ship's wind power generation system together provide energy for the solid oxide electrolysis system to electrolyze seawater. The electrolysis of seawater also produces hydrogen and oxygen. Part of the hydrogen is transported to the heavy oil blending system to improve the quality of the heavy oil. The heavy oil blending system then delivers the improved fuel oil to the ship's engine for use as fuel.

[0098] The hydrogen is partially supplied to a temporary hydrogen supply station for refueling small ships; the hydrogen is partially supplied to the ship's heating system for generating steam; the oxygen is supplied to an oxygen storage device for standby; the temperature of the steam is controlled at 500-550℃ (fluctuating during long-term operation); the operating temperature of the solid oxide electrolysis cell is 700-1000℃ (fluctuating during long-term operation).

[0099] Application Example 3

[0100] This application example provides a method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels. The method uses the combined energy supply system for ocean-going vessels provided in Example 1, and specifically includes:

[0101] The fresh water generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the ship's heating system to generate steam, while the seawater generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the solid oxide electrolysis system for electrolysis.

[0102] The steam and the electricity generated by the ship's wind power generation system together provide energy for the solid oxide electrolysis system to electrolyze seawater. The electrolysis of seawater also produces hydrogen and oxygen. Part of the hydrogen is transported to the heavy oil blending system to improve the quality of the heavy oil. The heavy oil blending system then delivers the improved fuel oil to the ship's engine for use as fuel.

[0103] The hydrogen is partially supplied to a temporary hydrogen supply station for refueling small ships; the hydrogen is partially supplied to the ship's heating system for generating steam; the oxygen is supplied to an oxygen storage device for standby; the temperature of the steam is controlled at 530–600°C (fluctuations occur during long-term operation); the operating temperature of the solid oxide electrolysis cell is 600–850°C (fluctuations occur during long-term operation).

[0104] Comparative Example 1

[0105] This comparative example provides a device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels. Except for not connecting the freshwater cooling outlet pipe to the marine heating system, and not connecting the steam outlet of the marine heating system to the solid oxide electrolysis system, the device system is the same as that in Example 1.

[0106] This comparative example does not utilize fresh water to cool the waste heat in the outlet pipe and does not transport steam to the solid oxide electrolysis system. Instead, it uses wind power to supply energy to the solid oxide electrolysis cell, resulting in unstable energy supply and unstable hydrogen production, which greatly reduces the sailing distance of ocean-going vessels.

[0107] Comparative Example 2

[0108] This comparative example provides a device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels. Except for not connecting the ship's wind power generation system to the solid oxide electrolyzer through power facilities, the device system is the same as in Example 1.

[0109] This comparative example does not utilize wind power to provide energy for the solid oxide electrolyzer, but only uses steam for energy. However, because the temperature of the steam is lower than that of the solid oxide electrolyzer, the electrolysis for hydrogen production cannot be carried out effectively, and the overall system is difficult to operate smoothly.

[0110] Comparative Example 3

[0111] This comparative example provides a device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels. Except for replacing the solid oxide electrolyzer with a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, the device system is the same as in Example 1.

[0112] This comparative example uses a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, which is costly and has a short membrane lifespan, making it difficult to directly electrolyze seawater.

[0113] Comparative Example 4

[0114] This comparative example provides a device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels. Except for replacing the solid oxide electrolyzer with an alkaline electrolyzer, the device system is the same as in Example 1.

[0115] This comparative example uses an alkaline electrolytic cell, which requires a precious metal catalyst, significantly increasing the cost.

[0116] In summary, the device system and method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels provided by this invention can achieve stable operation for more than 10,000 hours, completely realize zero pollution emissions from ships, enhance the endurance of ocean-going vessels, and directly produce hydrogen by electrolyzing seawater, avoiding long-distance transportation of hydrogen.

[0117] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device system for combined energy supply on ocean-going vessels, characterized in that, The device system includes: The ship includes a central cooling system, a heavy oil hydrogen blending system, a marine heating system, a solid oxide electrolysis system, and a ship wind power generation system; the solid oxide electrolysis system includes a solid oxide electrolysis cell and a heating device disposed outside the solid oxide electrolysis cell. The heating device includes a steam inlet and an electric heating element; the steam outlet of the marine heating system is connected to the steam inlet of the solid oxide electrolysis system; the marine wind power generation system is connected to the electric heating element. The ship's central cooling system includes a ship's engine; the seawater outlet of the seawater cooling device in the ship's central cooling system is connected to the solid oxide electrolysis system. The freshwater cooling outlet pipe of the ship's central cooling system is connected to the ship's heating system. The steam outlet of the marine heating system is connected to the solid oxide electrolysis system; the marine wind power generation system is connected to the solid oxide electrolysis system via electrical facilities. The hydrogen outlet of the solid oxide electrolysis system is connected to the heavy oil hydrogen blending system. The fuel oil outlet of the heavy oil blending system is connected to the ship's engine.

2. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ship's central cooling system includes a ship engine, a freshwater cooling device, and a seawater cooling device connected in sequence.

3. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The freshwater cooling outlet pipe is installed on the freshwater cooling device.

4. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seawater cooling device is equipped with a seawater outlet.

5. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ship's central cooling system also includes a liquid phase transport device for supplying seawater to the seawater cooling device.

6. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 5, characterized in that, The liquid phase transport device is a seawater pump.

7. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ship's engine is a marine diesel engine.

8. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The marine heating system is a marine boiler.

9. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 8, characterized in that, The marine boiler is equipped with a fresh water inlet and a steam outlet.

10. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 9, characterized in that, The freshwater cooling outlet pipe of the ship's central cooling system is connected to the freshwater inlet of the ship's heating system.

11. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid oxide electrolyzer comprises, from bottom to top, a fuel electrode support layer, a fuel electrode functional layer, an electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and an air electrode layer.

12. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid oxide electrolytic cell includes a hydrogen outlet and an oxygen outlet.

13. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 12, characterized in that, The system also includes an oxygen storage device connected to the oxygen outlet.

14. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 12, characterized in that, The device system also includes a hydrogen storage device connected to the hydrogen outlet.

15. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 12, characterized in that, The hydrogen outlet is also connected to the marine heating system.

16. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 12, characterized in that, The system also includes a temporary hydrogen supply station connected to the hydrogen outlet.

17. The device system for combined energy supply of ocean-going vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device system also includes a voltage regulator disposed between the ship's wind power generation system and the solid oxide electrolysis system.

18. A method for combined energy supply on ocean-going vessels, characterized in that, The method is carried out using the combined energy supply device system for ocean-going vessels as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. The method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels according to claim 18, characterized in that, The method includes: The heat exchange fresh water generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the ship's heating system to generate steam, and the heat exchange seawater generated by the ship's central cooling system is transported to the solid oxide electrolysis system for electrolysis. The steam and the electricity generated by the ship's wind power generation system together provide energy for the solid oxide electrolysis system to electrolyze seawater. The electrolysis of seawater also produces hydrogen and oxygen. Part of the hydrogen is transported to the heavy oil blending system to improve the quality of the heavy oil. The heavy oil blending system then delivers the improved fuel oil to the ship's engine for use as fuel.

20. The method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels according to claim 19, characterized in that, The hydrogen is partially transported to a temporary hydrogen supply station for refueling small ships.

21. The method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels according to claim 19, characterized in that, The hydrogen gas is partially supplied to the marine heating system to generate steam.

22. The method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels according to claim 19, characterized in that, The oxygen is delivered to an oxygen storage device for later use.

23. The method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels according to claim 19, characterized in that, The temperature of the steam is 500~600℃.

24. The method for combined energy supply for ocean-going vessels according to claim 19, characterized in that, The operating temperature of the solid oxide electrolytic cell is 600~1000℃.

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