Preparation method of environment-friendly ionic liquid and application of environment-friendly ionic liquid in hydraulic oil

Abstract

This invention provides a hydraulic oil prepared from the following raw materials: 0.1-1.0 wt% ionic liquid, 0.5-1.5 wt% hydraulic oil compound, and the balance base oil. This application also provides a method for preparing the ionic liquid. Furthermore, this application also provides a method for preparing the hydraulic oil. Compared with traditional ionic liquids containing fluorine, imidazole, and other groups, the ionic liquid provided in this application is prepared using bio-based raw materials, making it clean and environmentally friendly, and the synthesis steps are simple. The hydraulic oil provided in this application, after incorporating the ionic liquid, significantly improves its demulsification properties, and it also exhibits good extreme pressure anti-wear properties, excellent friction-reducing properties, and can solve the practical engineering problem of hydraulic cylinder vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricating oil technology, and more particularly to methods for preparing ionic liquids, hydraulic oils, and methods for preparing hydraulic oils. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic transmission, with its advantages of high speed, high precision control, and rapid response, is increasingly widely used in the field of mechanical equipment. Statistics show that mechanical equipment consumes nearly 50% of the world's energy annually due to friction. Hydraulic oil with added friction reducers can effectively reduce equipment friction and wear, decrease energy consumption, and extend the service life of hydraulic systems. However, traditional friction reducers contain harmful elements such as sulfur (S) and phosphorus (P), which can cause serious environmental pollution and fail to meet environmentally friendly requirements.

[0003] To meet the future trend of developing environmentally friendly lubricating materials, research on environmentally friendly, high-performance friction reducers has emerged. Among them, ionic liquids possess unique physicochemical properties; for example, oil-soluble ionic liquids have demonstrated excellent friction-reducing and wear-protecting properties. Therefore, ionic liquids have become a research hotspot in recent years; and ionic liquids that are simple to synthesize and environmentally friendly are currently the focus of research.

[0004] Based on this, we have carried out work in the fields of environmentally friendly ionic liquid preparation and hydraulic oil application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a hydraulic oil that can significantly improve demulsification performance and has good extreme pressure wear resistance.

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a method for preparing an ionic liquid, comprising:

[0007] A solution of ricinoleic acid and an aqueous solution of trioctylamine were mixed and reacted to obtain an ionic liquid.

[0008] Preferably, the reaction further includes:

[0009] The product obtained from the reaction was distilled under reduced pressure and then dried under vacuum.

[0010] Preferably, the distillation temperature is 30–80°C, and the vacuum drying temperature is 50–100°C for 24–48 hours.

[0011] Preferably, the ricinoleic acid solution is an ethanol solution of ricinoleic acid, and the molar ratio of ricinoleic acid to trioctylamine is 1:1.

[0012] This application also provides a hydraulic oil prepared from the following raw materials: 0.1-1.0 wt% ionic liquid, 0.5-1.5 wt% hydraulic oil compound, and the balance being base oil;

[0013] The ionic liquid is the ionic liquid prepared by the preparation method described above.

[0014] Preferably, the hydraulic oil compound is selected from one or more of Afton H521, BASF 3010A hydraulic oil compound, Xinxiang Ruifeng RF5012 and PetroChina RHY5018 / 5019.

[0015] Preferably, the base oil is selected from one or more of 250SN, 250N, Beili 6# and Beili 10#.

[0016] Preferably, the content of the ionic liquid is 0.2 to 0.8 wt%.

[0017] Preferably, the content of the hydraulic oil compound is 0.8 to 1.2 wt%.

[0018] This application also provides a method for preparing the aforementioned hydraulic oil, comprising:

[0019] Hydraulic oil is obtained by mixing ionic liquid, hydraulic oil compound and base oil according to the component ratio.

[0020] This application provides a hydraulic oil comprising: 0.1–1.0 wt% ionic liquid, 0.5–1.5 wt% hydraulic oil compound, and the balance being base oil. The hydraulic oil provided by this application uses a specific ionic liquid, which can be uniformly dispersed in the hydraulic oil and form a high-strength physical adsorption film with the metal of the friction surface, thereby improving the extreme pressure wear resistance and friction reduction effect of the hydraulic oil. Under harsh working conditions, it can solve the practical engineering problem of hydraulic cylinder vibration, and the ionic liquid can also improve the anti-emulsification properties of the hydraulic oil. Furthermore, the introduction of a compound into the hydraulic oil enhances its anti-wear properties, rust prevention properties, and oxidation resistance properties, and the range of selectable compound is wide.

[0021] Instruction manual illustrations

[0022] Figure 1 The following are the FTIR spectra of ricinoleic acid, trioctylamine, and the ionic liquid in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 The hydrogen spectrum of the ionic liquid prepared in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0025] In view of the performance requirements of hydraulic oils in the prior art, this application provides a hydraulic oil that, due to the addition of a novel ionic liquid, significantly improves its demulsification properties, exhibits good extreme pressure anti-wear properties, excellent friction-reducing properties, and can solve the practical engineering problem of hydraulic cylinder vibration, thus significantly improving the anti-wear and friction-reducing indicators and overall performance of the hydraulic oil. Specifically, this application first provides a method for preparing the ionic liquid, including:

[0026] A solution of ricinoleic acid and an aqueous solution of trioctylamine were mixed and reacted to obtain an ionic liquid.

[0027] The specific reaction formula for the ionic liquid in this application is shown below:

[0028]

[0029] In the above-described preparation of the ionic liquid, the ricinoleic acid solution is an ethanolic solution of ricinoleic acid with a concentration of 95 wt%–98 wt%, and the aqueous solution of trioctylamine has a concentration of 95 wt%–98 wt%. Specifically, the molar ratio of ricinoleic acid in the ricinoleic acid solution to trioctylamine in the aqueous solution is 1:1. The reaction temperature is 20–35°C, and the reaction time is 12–24 h.

[0030] According to the present invention, after the reaction, the crude ionic liquid product is subjected to vacuum distillation followed by vacuum drying to obtain the ionic liquid; the vacuum distillation temperature is 30–80°C, specifically 50–60°C. The vacuum drying temperature is 50–100°C for 24–48 hours; specifically 60–80°C for 36–48 hours.

[0031] Furthermore, this application also provides a hydraulic oil incorporating ionic liquids, which is prepared from the following raw materials:

[0032] Ionic liquid 0.1–1.0 wt%, hydraulic oil compound 0.5–1.5 wt%, base oil balance;

[0033] The ionic liquid is the ionic liquid prepared by the preparation method described in the above scheme.

[0034] In the hydraulic oil, research on ionic liquids mainly focuses on tetrafluoroboric acid, hexafluorophosphate, and bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonyl ammonium, etc. Although these ionic liquids significantly improve the tribological properties of the oil, they contain elements such as phosphorus (P) and phosphorus (F) that are harmful to the environment. Their production and use can easily cause serious environmental pollution, making it difficult to meet environmentally friendly requirements. The ionic liquid provided in this application is simple to synthesize and environmentally friendly. Hydraulic oil with the addition of the ionic liquid prepared in this application can significantly improve its demulsification properties, exhibit good extreme pressure anti-wear properties, excellent friction reduction properties, and can solve the practical engineering problem of hydraulic cylinder vibration. It can be used to improve the anti-wear and friction reduction indicators and overall performance of the oil. The content of the ionic liquid is 0.1–1.0 wt%, specifically, the content of the ionic liquid is 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.8 wt%, 0.9 wt%, or 1.0 wt%.

[0035] The base oil is selected from one or more of Group I and Group II base oils. For example, the base oil is selected from one or more of 250SN, 250N, Beili 6# and Beili 10#. In a specific embodiment, the base oil is selected from Beili 6# and Beili 10#.

[0036] The hydraulic oil compound is a widely used hydraulic oil compound on the market, specifically selected from one or more of Afton H521, BASF 3010A hydraulic oil compound, Xinxiang Ruifeng RF5012, and PetroChina RHY5018 / 5019. In a specific embodiment, the hydraulic oil compound is selected from Afton H521. The content of the hydraulic oil compound is 0.5-1.5 wt%, specifically, the content of the hydraulic oil compound is 0.5 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.8 wt%, 0.9 wt%, 1.0 wt%, 1.1 wt%, 1.2 wt%, 1.3 wt%, 1.4 wt%, or 1.5 wt%. The addition of the hydraulic oil compound in this application can improve the anti-wear performance, anti-rust performance, and anti-oxidation performance of the hydraulic oil.

[0037] In this application, if the content of the ionic liquid and the hydraulic oil compound is too high, the hydraulic oil may become cloudy due to solubility limitations; if the content of the ionic liquid and the hydraulic oil compound is too low, the improvement in the hydraulic oil's extrusion anti-wear performance, friction reduction performance, and demulsification performance will not be significant.

[0038] This application also provides a method for preparing hydraulic oil, including:

[0039] Hydraulic oil is obtained by mixing ionic liquid, hydraulic oil compound and base oil according to the component ratio.

[0040] The specific process for preparing hydraulic oil is as follows: ionic liquid, hydraulic oil compound and base oil are mixed in proportion, heated to 30-60℃ and stirred for 10-20 minutes, then heated to 65-85℃ and stirred for 30-40 minutes, and then cooled to obtain hydraulic oil.

[0041] The hydraulic oil provided in this application significantly improves its demulsification properties by incorporating environmentally friendly ionic liquids. This results in excellent extreme pressure anti-wear properties, superior friction reduction performance, and the ability to resolve practical engineering problems related to hydraulic cylinder vibration, ultimately enhancing the oil's anti-wear and friction reduction indicators and overall performance. Furthermore, the hydraulic oil provided in this application also exhibits excellent storage stability, stable oil performance, and no sedimentation.

[0042] To further understand the present invention, the hydraulic oil provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments.

[0043] Preparation of ionic liquids

[0044] An equimolar amount of 98% trioctylamine (10 mmol) aqueous solution was added dropwise to an ethanol solution of 98% ricinoleic acid (10 mmol). The resulting mixture was magnetically stirred at room temperature for 12 h to obtain a crude ionic liquid product. Then, it was distilled under reduced pressure at 50 °C and finally dried under vacuum at 70 °C for 48 h to obtain the ionic liquid.

[0045] Figure 1 The graph shows the FTIR spectra of ricinoleic acid, trioctylamine, and ionic liquids. As can be seen from the graph, ricinoleic acid exhibits high FTIR at 1760 cm⁻¹. -1 The absorption peak at [value] is attributed to its carbonyl stretching; after one-step synthesis, due to the influence of COO-N+ bond formation, the carbonyl stretching of ILs compared to pure acid increases from 1760 cm⁻¹. -1 It became 1562cm -1 The above results indicate that ricinoleic acid anions exist in the ionic liquid, meaning that the target ionic liquid was successfully synthesized after the reaction of ricinoleic acid with trioctylamine.

[0046] Figure 2 The figure shows the proton NMR spectrum of the ionic liquid, with the marked ai peak representing the corresponding peak in the ionic liquid. The chemical shifts of these hydrogen atoms clearly demonstrate the successful synthesis of the ionic liquid.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] The hydraulic oil is composed of the following raw materials and their mass percentages: 0.1% ionic liquid, 0.8% hydraulic oil compound, 49.55% base oil Beili 6#, and 49.55% Beili 10#. The above components are added to a container in sequence, mechanical stirring is started, the temperature is raised to 50°C, stirring is continued for 10 minutes, the temperature is raised to 75°C, stirring is continued for 30 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the hydraulic oil.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The hydraulic oil is composed of the following raw materials and their mass percentages: 0.5% ionic liquid, 0.8% hydraulic oil compound, 49.35% base oil Beili 6#, and 49.35% Beili 10#. The above components are added to a container in sequence, mechanical stirring is started, the temperature is raised to 50°C, stirring is continued for 10 minutes, the temperature is raised to 75°C, stirring is continued for 30 minutes, and then the mixture is cooled to room temperature to obtain the hydraulic oil.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The hydraulic oil composition and mass percentage are as follows: 0.8% ionic liquid, 0.8% hydraulic oil compound, 49.2% base oil Beili 6#, and 49.2% Beili 10#. The above components are added to a container in sequence, mechanical stirring is turned on, the temperature is raised to 50°C and stirred continuously for 10 minutes, the temperature is raised to 75°C and stirred continuously for 30 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain hydraulic oil.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] The preparation method of Comparative Example 1 is the same as that of Example 2, except that the ionic liquid prepared in this application is not added.

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] The preparation method of Comparative Example 2 is the same as that of Example 2, except that the ionic liquid prepared in this application is not added, but the same mass fraction of commercially available friction reducer - glyceryl monooleate (GMO) friction reducer is added.

[0057] Comparative Example 3

[0058] The preparation method of Comparative Example 3 is the same as that of Example 2, except that the ionic liquid is LP104 (alkylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate).

[0059] The liquid phase corrosion properties of hydraulic oil were tested according to GB / T 11143-2008 (Method B); the demulsification properties of hydraulic oil were tested according to GB / T 7305-2003; and the P-phase corrosion properties were tested according to standard GB / T 3142-2019. BTest; according to NB / SH / T0882-2014 Determination of Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating Oils - SRV Tester Method; the tribological properties of the prepared hydraulic oil are evaluated by the friction coefficient tested experimentally. The test conditions are divided into three types: ① 25℃, 100N, 50Hz, 30min; ② 25℃, 150N, 50Hz, 30min; ③ 25℃, 200N, 50Hz, 30min.

[0060] The hydraulic oils prepared in the examples and comparative examples are in a fluid state, and their typical performance data are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0061] Table 1. Liquid phase corrosion properties, demulsification properties, and P of the hydraulic oils prepared in the examples and comparative examples. B Performance Data Sheet

[0062]

[0063] Table 2. Friction performance data of hydraulic oils prepared in the examples and comparative examples under different experimental conditions.

[0064]

[0065] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the introduction of ionic liquids in this application can significantly improve the anti-wear properties, anti-emulsification properties, and liquid phase corrosion properties of hydraulic oil.

[0066] The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0067] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hydraulic oil prepared from the following raw materials: 0.1~1.0 wt% ionic liquid, 0.5~1.5 wt% hydraulic oil compound, and the balance base oil; The method for preparing the ionic liquid comprises the following steps: A solution of ricinoleic acid and an aqueous solution of trioctylamine were mixed, reacted, and then dried under vacuum after vacuum distillation to obtain an ionic liquid; the reaction temperature was 20-35℃. The ricinoleic acid solution is an ethanol solution of ricinoleic acid, and the molar ratio of ricinoleic acid to trioctylamine is 1:

1.

2. The hydraulic oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distillation temperature is 30~80℃, and the vacuum drying temperature is 50~100℃ for 24~48h.

3. The hydraulic oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic oil compound is selected from one or more of Afton H521, BASF 3010A hydraulic oil compound, Xinxiang Ruifeng RF5012 and PetroChina RHY5018 / 5019.

4. The hydraulic oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base oil is selected from one or more of 250SN, 250N, Beili 6# and Beili 10#.

5. The hydraulic oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The content of ionic liquid is 0.2~0.8wt%.

6. The hydraulic oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The content of the hydraulic oil compound is 0.8~1.2wt%.

7. The method for preparing the hydraulic oil according to claim 1, comprising: Hydraulic oil is obtained by mixing ionic liquid, hydraulic oil compound and base oil according to the component ratio.

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