A follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a follow-up unfolding type anti-plume dust-proof closed opening and closing device and method, belonging to the field of aerospace technology. It solves the problems that the existing opening and closing mechanism is complex in structure and occupies a large space in the release application occasion of the volatile matter preparation unit. It includes an opening and closing mechanism and a locking mechanism. The opening and closing mechanism is installed on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame, and the locking mechanism is arranged perpendicular to the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame; when the protrusion on the unlocking component mounting seat cooperates with the right-angle surface of one of the grooves, the locking pressure block at the upper end of the unlocking rotating shaft presses the pressing part of the sample receiving opening and closing cover, and the opening and closing mechanism is in a closed state. The sample scattering film cover and the absorption film cover of the opening and closing mechanism cover the opening on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame; rotate the unlocking lever, and while the unlocking lever drives the unlocking rotating shaft to rotate, it also lifts upward to unlock the locking pressure block of the sample receiving opening and closing cover, and the sample receiving opening and closing cover is in an open state under the action of the elastic member. The present invention is applicable to preventing the influence of plume dust on the volatile matter preparation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of aerospace technology, and particularly relates to a follow-up deployment type plume and dust prevention airtight opening and closing device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous maturity of aerospace technology, measuring the volatile components of lunar soil has become one of the important tasks of deep space exploration internationally. The lunar soil volatile component measuring instrument is carried by the lander. To facilitate the sample delivery by the robotic arm, the volatile component preparation chamber is planned to be installed at a position slightly below the tangent plane of the outer wall of the lander. Considering that the profile sampling unit needs to transfer the sample to the sample receiving platform of the volatile component preparation chamber, the volatile component preparation chamber is placed at the outer edge of the installation surface. When the lander descends on the lunar surface, it will stir up plume and dust around, and the dust will affect the preparation process of the volatile component preparation unit and subsequent accurate measurement, which has certain defects. There is a need for an airtight opening and closing mechanism to prevent the dust from affecting the preparation of volatile components.

[0003] To achieve opening and closing, common solutions include motor - coupling control, motor - gear / cam / linkage mechanism control, hydraulic / pneumatic mechanism control, etc. These solutions have some deficiencies in the release application scenarios of the volatile component preparation unit: 1) The mechanism is complex, and the performance of each link needs to be improved to enhance reliability; 2) The mechanism occupies a large space and has a relatively large weight. Therefore, it is necessary to design a follow-up deployment type plume and dust prevention airtight opening and closing device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a follow-up deployment type plume and dust prevention airtight opening and closing device to solve the problems of complex mechanism and large space occupation of the existing opening and closing mechanism in the release application scenarios of the volatile component preparation unit.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0006] A follow-up deployment type plume and dust prevention airtight opening and closing device includes an opening and closing mechanism and a locking mechanism. The opening and closing mechanism is installed on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame. The locking mechanism is arranged perpendicular to the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame, and the input end of the locking mechanism is arranged inside the opening and closing cover frame, and the output end of the locking mechanism is arranged at the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame to open and close the opening and closing mechanism;

[0007] The opening and closing mechanism includes a sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate, a sample receiving opening and closing cover, a sample receiving torsion spring, a sample scattering film cover, and an absorption film cover. The sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate is fixed on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame. One side of the sample receiving opening and closing cover is connected to the sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate through a rotating shaft, and an elastic member is sleeved on the rotating shaft. The elastic member provides the power for the sample receiving opening and closing cover to open. The other side of the sample receiving opening and closing cover is provided with a pressing part that cooperates with the output end of the locking mechanism. The sample scattering film cover and the absorption film cover are both installed on the sample receiving opening and closing cover;

[0008] The locking mechanism includes a locking press block, an unlocking rotating shaft, an unlocking component mounting seat, a flip cover locking compression spring, and an unlocking lever. The locking press block is the output end, and the unlocking lever is the input end. The unlocking component mounting seat is installed on the opening and closing cover frame. The locking press block is installed at the top end of the unlocking rotating shaft. The end of the unlocking rotating shaft passes through the unlocking component mounting seat. The unlocking lever is installed at the bottom end of the unlocking rotating shaft. A flip cover locking compression spring is arranged inside the unlocking component mounting seat, and the upper end of the flip cover locking compression spring abuts against the inside of the unlocking component mounting seat, and the lower end of the flip cover locking compression spring is installed on the unlocking lever;

[0009] On the unlocking rotating shaft above the unlocking component mounting seat, there is a middle circular platform for positioning the unlocking rotating shaft on the unlocking component mounting seat. Two grooves are recessed inward on the bottom wall surface of the middle circular platform. On the top end of the unlocking component mounting seat, there are protrusions matching the grooves. The grooves include a right-angle surface and an inclined surface, and the two grooves are arranged at a certain angle;

[0010] When the protrusion on the unlocking component mounting seat cooperates with the right-angle surface of one of the grooves, the locking press block at the upper end of the unlocking rotating shaft presses the pressing part of the sample receiving opening and closing cover, and the opening and closing mechanism is in the closed state. The sample scattering film cover and the absorption film cover of the opening and closing mechanism cover the opening on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame. Rotate the unlocking lever. While the unlocking lever drives the unlocking rotating shaft to rotate, it also lifts upward to unlock the sample receiving opening and closing cover, and the sample receiving opening and closing cover is in the open state under the action of the elastic member.

[0011] Furthermore, a limit convex platform for restricting the position of the locking press block is provided on the pressing part.

[0012] Furthermore, a convex platform is provided on the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening and closing cover, and the opening and closing degree of the sample receiving opening and closing cover is restricted by the abutting cooperation between the convex platform and the opening and closing cover frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the included angle between the two grooves is 90°.

[0014] Furthermore, a stepped through hole for positioning the top end of the flip cover locking compression spring is opened inside the unlocking component mounting seat.

[0015] Furthermore, the protrusion provided at the top end of the unlocking component mounting seat and matching the groove is a triangular protrusion.

[0016] Furthermore, the elastic member is a sample receiving torsion spring. The sample receiving torsion spring includes a torsion arm and two legs, and the torsion arm is located between the two legs.

[0017] Further, both ends of the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening / closing cover are installed in the holes on both sides of the sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate. The sample receiving torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening / closing cover. When closed, the two legs closely adhere to a part of the front end of the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening / closing cover. The torsion arm between the two legs is fixed between the groove of the sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate and the opening / closing cover frame.

[0018] Further, the unlocking component mounting seat is installed on the opening / closing cover frame through a flange.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to propose a working method of a follow-up unfolding type anti-plume dust-raising airtight opening / closing device, which specifically includes:

[0020] Driven by an external sample receiving flip unlocking lever, the unlocking lever rotates horizontally. The unlocking lever drives the unlocking rotating shaft to rotate. During the rotation, the triangular protrusion at the upper end of the unlocking component mounting seat enters one groove of the middle round table of the unlocking rotating shaft and then enters another groove of the middle round table, realizing that the unlocking rotating shaft first rises and then falls while rotating, and stops after rotating a certain angle. The unlocking rotating shaft drives the locking pressure block to rotate a certain angle to unlock the sample receiving opening / closing cover. At the same time, the two legs of the sample receiving torsion spring output power for the sample receiving opening / closing cover, driving the sample receiving opening / closing cover to rotate. After the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening / closing cover rotates to a certain angle, the sample receiving opening / closing cover stops rotating through the abutting cooperation between the convex platform on the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening / closing cover and the opening / closing cover frame. Thus, the sample receiving opening / closing cover is fully opened, and the sample scattering film cover and the absorption film cover fully open the opening on the upper end surface of the opening / closing cover frame.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the follow-up unfolding type anti-plume dust-raising airtight opening / closing device described in the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) The follow-up unfolding type anti-plume dust-raising airtight opening / closing device described in the present invention can realize the functions of closing and quickly opening, and can reduce the interference of plume dust on the preparation of volatile matter and subsequent measurement of volatile matter.

[0023] (2) The follow-up unfolding type anti-plume dust-raising airtight opening / closing device described in the present invention has a simple structure of the airtight opening / closing mechanism, does not require complex structures such as assembling motors, can improve the working reliability, save installation space, save energy, has a lighter product weight and strong adaptability to the space environment, and can achieve the required stiffness and strength under various working conditions.

[0024] (3) The follow-up unfolding type anti-plume dust-raising airtight opening / closing device described in the present invention can ensure that the volatile matter preparation unit is in a sealed state when the lander descends, and has the function of preventing the influence of plume dust on the volatile matter preparation process. Description of the Drawings

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device (when closed) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device (when closed) (excluding the opening and closing cover frame) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device (when opened) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device (when opened) (excluding the opening and closing cover frame) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the opening mechanism of a follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device when opened according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the locking mechanism of a follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device when pressed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the unlocking process of the locking mechanism of a follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the locking mechanism of a follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device when unlocked according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the locking mechanism of a follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0036] 1. Sample-receiving torsion spring fixing plate; 2. Sample-receiving opening and closing cover; 3. Absorbing sheet film cover; 4. Locking pressing block; 5. Unlocking rotating shaft; 6. Unlocking component mounting seat; 7. Unlocking lever; 8. Sample-scattering film cover; 9. Sample-receiving torsion spring; 10. Flip cover locking compression spring; 11. Middle round platform; 12. Opening and closing cover frame; 13. Groove; 14. Triangular boss. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0040] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0041] As Figures 1-9 shown, a follow-up unfolding type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device includes an opening and closing mechanism and a locking mechanism. The opening and closing mechanism is installed on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame 12. The opening and closing cover frame 12 is a box structure. The locking mechanism is arranged perpendicular to the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame 12, and the input end of the locking mechanism is arranged inside the opening and closing cover frame 12, and the output end of the locking mechanism is arranged at the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame 12 to open and close the opening and closing mechanism;

[0042] The opening and closing mechanism includes a sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate 1, a sample receiving opening and closing cover 2, a sample receiving torsion spring 9, a sample scattering film cover 8, and a suction sheet film cover 3. The sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate 1 is fixed on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame 12. One side of the sample receiving opening and closing cover 2 is connected to the sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate 1 through a rotating shaft, and an elastic member is sleeved on the rotating shaft. The elastic member provides the power for the sample receiving opening and closing cover 2 to open. The other side of the sample receiving opening and closing cover 2 is provided with a pressing portion that cooperates with the output end of the locking mechanism. The sample scattering film cover 8 and the suction sheet film cover 3 are both installed on the sample receiving opening and closing cover 2;

[0043] The locking mechanism includes a locking press block 4, an unlocking rotating shaft 5, an unlocking component mounting seat 6, a flip cover locking compression spring 10, and an unlocking lever 7. The locking press block 4 is the output end, and the unlocking lever 7 is the input end. The unlocking component mounting seat 6 is installed on the opening and closing cover frame 12. The locking press block 4 is installed at the top end of the unlocking rotating shaft 5. The end of the unlocking rotating shaft 5 passes through the unlocking component mounting seat 6. The unlocking lever 7 is installed at the bottom end of the unlocking rotating shaft 5. A flip cover locking compression spring 10 is arranged inside the unlocking component mounting seat 6, and the upper end of the flip cover locking compression spring 10 abuts against the inside of the unlocking component mounting seat 6, and the lower end of the flip cover locking compression spring 10 is installed on the unlocking lever 7;

[0044] On the unlocking rotating shaft 5 above the unlocking component mounting seat 6, there is a middle circular platform 11 that positions the unlocking rotating shaft 5 on the unlocking component mounting seat 6. Two grooves 13 are recessed inward on the bottom wall surface of the middle circular platform 11;

[0045] On the top end of the unlocking component mounting seat 6, there are protrusions that cooperate with the grooves. The groove 13 includes a right-angle surface and an inclined surface. The two grooves 13 are arranged at a certain angle, and the included angle between the two grooves 13 is 90°; the relative position angle between the unlocking lever 7, the unlocking rotating shaft 5, and the locking press block 4 is fixed, so that when the protrusion moves from one groove to another groove, the locking press block 4 can completely unlock the sample receiving opening and closing cover 2;

[0046] When the protrusion on the unlocking component mounting seat 6 cooperates with the right-angle surface of one of the grooves, the locking press block 4 at the upper end of the unlocking rotating shaft 5 presses the pressing portion of the sample receiving opening and closing cover 2, and the opening and closing mechanism is in the closed state. The sample scattering film cover 8 and the suction sheet film cover 3 of the opening and closing mechanism cover the opening on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame; Rotate the unlocking lever 7. While the unlocking lever 7 drives the unlocking rotating shaft 5 to rotate, it also lifts upward to unlock the locking press block 4 from the sample receiving opening and closing cover 2, and the sample receiving opening and closing cover 2 is in the open state under the action of the elastic member.

[0047] On the pressing portion, there is a limit convex platform that limits the position of the locking press block 4, and the locking press block 4 is limited on the pressing portion by setting the limit convex platform.

[0048] On the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening and closing cover 2, there is a convex platform, and the opening and closing degree of the sample receiving opening and closing cover 2 is limited by the abutting cooperation between the convex platform and the opening and closing cover frame 12.

[0049] A stepped through-hole for positioning the top end of the flip-lock compression spring 10 is provided inside the unlocking component mounting seat 6, and the stepped through-hole is used to limit the upper end of the flip-lock compression spring 10. Boltholes for firmly connecting with the locking block and the unlocking lever are provided both above and below the unlocking rotating shaft, and the unlocking rotating shaft is connected by bolts for firm connection.

[0050] The protrusion provided at the top end of the unlocking component mounting seat 6 and cooperating with the groove is a triangular protrusion 14. The triangular protrusion 13 can cooperate well with the groove 13 including a right-angle surface and an inclined surface to realize the first lifting, then descending and resetting, and limiting of the rotation of the unlocking rotating shaft 5.

[0051] The elastic member is a sample-receiving torsion spring 9. The sample-receiving torsion spring 9 includes a torsion arm and two legs, and the torsion arm is located between the two legs. The two ends of the rotating shaft of the sample-receiving opening and closing cover 2 are installed in the holes on both sides of the sample-receiving torsion spring fixing plate 1. The sample-receiving torsion spring 9 is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the sample-receiving opening and closing cover 2. When closed, the two legs closely adhere to a part of the front end of the rotating shaft of the sample-receiving opening and closing cover 2, and the torsion arm between the two legs is fixed between the groove of the sample-receiving torsion spring fixing plate 1 and the opening and closing cover frame 12.

[0052] The unlocking component mounting seat 6 is installed on the opening and closing cover frame 12 through a flange. With such an arrangement, the installation is firm and the unlocking component mounting seat 6 is not likely to move.

[0053] Another object of the present application is to provide a working method of a follow-up unfolding type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device, which specifically includes:

[0054] Initially, the sample-receiving opening and closing cover 2 is pressed by the locking block 4 and is in a closed state. The sample-scattering film cover 8 and the absorption film cover 3 on the sample-receiving opening and closing cover 2 completely cover the opening on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame. At this time, the triangular protrusion 14 at the upper end of the unlocking component mounting seat 6 is located in one of the grooves 13, and the unlocking rotating shaft 5 is limited by the unlocking component mounting seat 6;

[0055] When unlocking is required, the unlocking lever 7 is driven by the unlocking lever of the external flip cover mechanism to rotate horizontally, and the unlocking lever 7 drives the unlocking shaft 5 to rotate. During the rotation process, the flip cover locking compression spring 10 outputs power (that is, the flip cover locking compression spring provides a restoring force, and the power to quickly enter and clamp when entering from one groove to another groove), and the triangular protrusion 14 at the upper end of the unlocking component mounting seat 6 is engaged with one of the grooves of the middle truncated cone 11 of the unlocking shaft 5 and enters the other groove of the middle truncated cone 11, so that the unlocking shaft 5 first rises and then falls while rotating. In this process, the flip cover locking compression spring 10 is first compressed The sample receiving opening and closing cover 2 is unlocked and the sample receiving opening and closing cover 2 is unlocked.

[0056] The embodiments of the invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and changes can be made. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the invention well.

Claims

1. A follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device, characterized in that: It includes an opening and closing mechanism and a locking mechanism. The opening and closing mechanism is installed on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame (12). The locking mechanism is arranged perpendicular to the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame (12), and the input end of the locking mechanism is arranged inside the opening and closing cover frame (12), and the output end of the locking mechanism is arranged at the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame (12) to open and close the opening and closing mechanism. The opening and closing mechanism includes a sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate (1), a sample receiving opening and closing cover (2), a sample receiving torsion spring (9), a sample scattering film cover (8), and a suction sheet film cover (3). The sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate (1) is fixed on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame (12). One side of the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) is connected to the sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate (1) through a rotating shaft, and an elastic member is sleeved on the rotating shaft. The elastic member provides the power for the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) to open. The other side of the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) is provided with a pressing portion that cooperates with the output end of the locking mechanism. The sample scattering film cover (8) and the suction sheet film cover (3) are both installed on the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2). The locking mechanism includes a locking press block (4), an unlocking rotating shaft (5), an unlocking component mounting seat (6), a flip cover locking compression spring (10), and an unlocking lever (7). The locking press block (4) is the output end, and the unlocking lever (7) is the input end. The unlocking component mounting seat (6) is installed on the opening and closing cover frame (12). The locking press block (4) is installed at the top end of the unlocking rotating shaft (5). The end of the unlocking rotating shaft (5) passes through the unlocking component mounting seat (6). The unlocking lever (7) is installed at the bottom end of the unlocking rotating shaft (5). A flip cover locking compression spring (10) is arranged inside the unlocking component mounting seat (6), and the upper end of the flip cover locking compression spring (10) abuts against the inside of the unlocking component mounting seat (6), and the lower end of the flip cover locking compression spring (10) is installed on the unlocking lever (7). A middle circular platform (11) for positioning the unlocking rotating shaft (5) on the unlocking component mounting seat (6) is provided on the unlocking rotating shaft (5) above the unlocking component mounting seat (6). Two grooves are formed by inward depression on the bottom wall surface of the middle circular platform (11). A protrusion cooperating with the grooves is provided at the top end of the unlocking component mounting seat (6). The grooves include a right-angle surface and an inclined surface, and the two grooves are arranged at a certain angle. When the protrusion on the unlocking component mounting seat cooperates with the right-angle surface of one of the grooves, the locking press block (4) at the upper end of the unlocking rotating shaft (5) presses the pressing portion of the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2), and the opening and closing mechanism is in the closed state. The sample scattering film cover (8) and the suction sheet film cover (3) of the opening and closing mechanism cover the opening on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame. Rotate the unlocking lever (7). While the unlocking lever (7) drives the unlocking rotating shaft (5) to rotate, it also lifts upward to unlock the locking press block (4) from the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2), and the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) is in the open state under the action of the elastic member.

2. The follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit boss for restricting the position of the locking press block (4) is provided on the pressing portion.

3. The follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A boss is provided on the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2), and the opening and closing degree of the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) is restricted by the abutting cooperation between the boss and the opening and closing cover frame (12).

4. A follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the two grooves is 90°.

5. A follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stepped through-hole for positioning the top end of the positioning flap locking compression spring (10) is formed inside the unlocking component mounting seat (6).

6. The follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protrusion provided at the top end of the unlocking component mounting seat (6) and mating with the groove is a triangular protrusion.

7. A follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member is a sample receiving torsion spring (9), and the sample receiving torsion spring (9) includes a torsion arm and two legs, and the torsion arm is located between the two legs.

8. The follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both ends of the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) are installed in the holes on both sides of the sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate (1). The sample receiving torsion spring (9) is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2). When closed, the two legs are closely attached to a part of the front end of the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2). The torsion arm between the two legs is fixed between the groove of the sample receiving torsion spring fixing plate (1) and the opening and closing cover frame (12).

9. A follow-up expansion type plume and dust prevention airtight opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unlocking component mounting seat (6) is installed on the opening and closing cover frame (12) through a flange.

10. The working method of a follow-up expansion type anti-plume dust-proof airtight opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Specifically, it includes: Driven by an external sample receiving flap unlocking lever, the unlocking lever (7) rotates horizontally. The unlocking lever (7) drives the unlocking rotating shaft (5) to rotate. During the rotation, the triangular protrusion at the upper end of the unlocking component mounting seat (6) enters one groove of the middle round table (11) of the unlocking rotating shaft (5) and then enters another groove of the middle round table (11), causing the unlocking rotating shaft (5) to first rise and then fall while rotating, and stop after rotating a certain angle. The unlocking rotating shaft (5) drives the locking pressure block (4) to rotate a certain angle to unlock the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2). At the same time, the two legs of the sample receiving torsion spring (9) output power for the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) to drive the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) to rotate. After the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) rotates to a certain angle, the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) stops rotating by the abutting cooperation between the boss on the rotating shaft of the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) and the opening and closing cover frame (12). At this point, the sample receiving opening and closing cover (2) is fully opened, and the sample scattering film cover (8) and the absorption sheet film cover (3) fully open the opening on the upper end surface of the opening and closing cover frame.

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