An experimental device for simulating release and transport of pollutants in a closed pit mine

Abstract

This invention discloses an experimental device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in closed mines. It includes a rainfall simulation system, below which is a closed mine simulation system. The rainfall simulation system is connected to a first water tank. The closed mine simulation system is connected to a data acquisition system and an air and water supply system. The closed mine simulation system includes a simulation chamber with several horizontal partitions spaced at intervals from top to bottom. Vertical partitions are installed at both ends of each horizontal partition. Several through holes are provided on both the horizontal and vertical partitions. A pressure measuring tube is installed on each partition. The simulation chamber is connected to the air and water supply system. Sensors are installed on the simulation chamber, and a water pump is installed at the bottom. The water pump's pipes pass through each horizontal partition sequentially from bottom to top. This device considers the influence of various objective factors and can conduct actual simulation experiments on closed mines according to real-world conditions, obtaining more accurate experimental data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mine simulation technology and relates to an experimental device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in closed mines. Background Technology

[0002] After the closure of underground mines, the cessation of pumping and drainage can lead to a rise in the regional groundwater level, causing pollution to the groundwater environment. For example, acidic mine water released after the closure of coal mines severely damages the quality of surrounding rivers and groundwater, causing a decrease in the pH of regional water bodies and exceeding the standards for (type) heavy metals. Studying the release and migration and diffusion processes of pollutants and carrying out water ecological restoration of closed mines has become a research hotspot. However, due to the difficulty of accessing closed mines and the complexity of conditions, investigations are difficult and costly. Therefore, indoor physical model simulation experiments are a more suitable research method.

[0003] Currently, common simulation devices include water supply simulation systems, mine simulation systems, and drainage simulation systems. These devices have a relatively simple water supply method and can only be used to study one scenario of pollutant release. Most devices cannot generate contaminated mine water, such as acidic mine water, internally; they must be injected externally and monitored for its migration and changes within the device. However, there is a significant difference between artificially injected contaminated water and naturally occurring release. In the field, pollutant release is also affected by the upper soil layer, aquifer lithology, vegetation, and rainfall, making it challenging to simulate the release patterns of pollutants under real-world conditions.

[0004] On the other hand, existing experimental devices do not specifically address the conditions and circumstances of "closed mines." So-called "full life cycle" simulation devices cannot provide detailed considerations of the internal structure and pollutant release of closed mines. Furthermore, closed mines differ significantly from operating mines, making it impossible to simulate them simultaneously with a single device. Existing similar devices, such as the fabrication method for an experimental device simulating groundwater level rise in abandoned mines and the multi-field coupling simulation experimental device and method for mine groundwater pollution, all suffer from similar problems. Another type of simulation device focuses on remediation and restoration research. These devices include wastewater treatment systems and can be used to study the remediation effects of acidic mine water, but they cannot reveal the pollution mechanisms in depth.

[0005] Current simulation devices still have several drawbacks. First, they lack rainfall sensors, and the groundwater recharge system in closed mines is incomplete. Traditional devices often only consider lateral groundwater recharge, neglecting the impact of rainfall, even though the effects of different rainfall intensities on the release of acidic mine water exhibit certain patterns. Second, they lack intelligent real-time monitoring. Traditional closed mine simulation devices are not equipped with sensors, making it impossible to continuously monitor various parameters of the released acidic mine water. Under natural conditions, parameters such as pH, conductivity, and redox potential of acidic mine water constantly change during release and migration; only with sufficiently dense monitoring data can the migration and diffusion patterns of acidic mine water be discovered. Third, the release forms of pollutants are limited. Most closed mine simulation devices artificially inject pollutants, such as acidic mine water, into the simulation system, rather than relying on releases from slag or machinery. They also fail to consider the influence of various forms of rainfall, overlying rocks, and soil, resulting in significant discrepancies with actual conditions. Furthermore, they do not consider the influence of gases. Traditional simulation devices lack gas cylinders, making them unsuitable for simulating open-closed systems, such as those related to carbonate aquifers. Furthermore, the absence or inadequacy of water pumps prevents a complete simulation of the hydrodynamic field changes throughout the mine closure process. Mine closure leads to the cessation of pumping and drainage, resulting in the outflow of acidic mine water; traditional devices largely ignore the changes in mine water quality during this process. Additionally, while existing devices consider deep mining conditions in northern regions, they fail to simulate the release and transport of pollutants from closed mines in karst mountainous areas of southern China, including the effects of rainfall infiltration and lateral recharge, and also neglect the process of rainfall entering through fractured media.

[0006] These shortcomings make it difficult to control the start and end of rainfall in experiments. The commonly used needle-type rain gauges in laboratories cannot install valves on every needle, making it difficult to control the start and end of rainfall, resulting in unstable rainfall intensity at the beginning and end of the water supply. Secondly, wind direction and uneven rainfall are rarely considered. The needle and nozzle positions of traditional rain gauges are fixed, requiring external intervention to simulate wind direction and uneven rainfall. The method for adjusting rainfall intensity is limited; traditional rain gauges generally regulate rainfall intensity by controlling the water level in the tank, a time-consuming and labor-intensive method with large errors in the adjusted rainfall intensity. Furthermore, it easily leads to water waste. Maintaining a fixed rainfall intensity requires water supply and drainage to keep the water level relatively constant; traditional rain gauges lack a circulation system, resulting in direct drainage and wasted water resources. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and provide an experimental device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in closed mines.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0009] An experimental device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in a closed mine includes a rainfall simulation system, with a closed mine simulation system installed below the rainfall simulation system.

[0010] The rainfall simulation system is connected to the first water tank;

[0011] The closed-pit mine simulation system is connected to the data acquisition system and the gas and water supply system respectively;

[0012] The closed mine simulation system includes a simulation box, in which several horizontal partitions are arranged at intervals from top to bottom. Vertical partitions are arranged at both ends of the horizontal partitions. Several through holes are opened on the horizontal and vertical partitions. Each horizontal partition is used to place the corresponding experimental material. Each horizontal partition is equipped with a pressure measuring tube, which is connected to the data acquisition system.

[0013] The simulation box is connected to the gas and water supply system, and a sensor is installed on the simulation box, which is connected to the data acquisition system.

[0014] A water pump is installed at the bottom of the simulation box, and a water pipe is connected to the water pump. The water pipe passes through each horizontal partition from bottom to top.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that:

[0016] Each of the transverse partitions is equipped with a water-permeable reaction chamber, and the corresponding experimental substance is placed inside the water-permeable reaction chamber.

[0017] A second control valve is installed on the side wall of the simulation chamber, and the second control valve is connected to the gas and water supply system.

[0018] The second control valves are distributed at intervals from top to bottom, with one second control valve corresponding to each layer of transverse partitions, and a corresponding sensor is provided on one side of each second control valve.

[0019] The rainfall simulation system includes a telescopic support, on which a rainfall simulation box is mounted. The rainfall simulation box has an inlet and an outlet, both of which are connected to a first water tank.

[0020] The simulated water tank is equipped with several rain-generating devices, and the closed-pit mine simulation system is located below the outlet of the rain-generating devices.

[0021] The precipitation simulation chamber is equipped with a partition with several through holes, which divides the interior of the precipitation simulation chamber into a water storage area and a rainfall area.

[0022] A rubber stopper is installed at the top of the water storage area, the water inlet is located on the side wall of the water storage area, and the water outlet is located on the side wall of the rainfall area.

[0023] A first flow meter is installed at the inlet of the precipitation simulation box.

[0024] A photoelectric rain sensor is also installed on one side of the telescopic bracket.

[0025] The gas and water supply system includes a second water tank. The inlet of the second water tank is connected to the outlet of a CO2 gas cylinder and a water purifier, respectively. The outlet of the second water tank is connected to the inlet of a closed-pit mine simulation system.

[0026] A second flow meter is installed between the outlet of the second water tank and the inlet of the closed-pit mine simulation system.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] This invention discloses an experimental device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in closed mines. A closed mine simulation system is installed below a rainfall simulation system. This rainfall simulation system can simulate rainfall in the closed mine simulation system according to various actual conditions. The closed mine simulation system is also connected to an air and water supply system, which can simulate groundwater recharge, making it more consistent with field conditions. Specifically, several horizontal partitions are arranged from top to bottom within the closed mine simulation system. Each partition holds a corresponding experimental substance, thereby simulating various hydrogeological structures. A water pump is installed at the bottom of the simulation chamber, and the water pump passes through each horizontal partition sequentially via water pipes, enabling the simulation of the process from production to closure, flooding, and then... The re-stabilized groundwater flow field facilitates the study of the complete process of pollutant release from closed mines. Pressure measuring pipes are installed on the partition, and sensors are placed on the simulation chamber to monitor water quality changes in the simulated closed mine in real time. Water quality parameters are displayed as curves and water pressure at each layer, and these parameters are transmitted to the data acquisition system. This allows for real-time analysis of water quality change patterns in the simulation device, continuous monitoring of various parameters of the released acidic mine water, and acquisition of the migration and diffusion patterns of acidic mine water. This invention discloses an experimental device tailored to the actual conditions of closed mines, considering the influence of various objective factors. This device can conduct actual simulation experiments on closed mines according to the actual situation, obtaining more accurate experimental data.

[0029] Furthermore, in this invention, different experimental substances are placed on each transverse partition via a reaction chamber to simulate the entire process of rainfall infiltrating into the closed mine space, which is closer to natural conditions.

[0030] Furthermore, in this invention, a sensor is installed on one side of each control valve, which can accurately monitor the water quality of each layer in real time. The parameters of each layer can make the changes in the hydrochemical field during the release and migration of acidic mine water clearer and more intuitive.

[0031] Furthermore, in this invention, the precipitation simulation box has an inlet and an outlet, both of which are connected to a water tank, enabling the recycling of water in the rainfall system and saving water resources.

[0032] Furthermore, in this invention, the interior of the precipitation simulation chamber is divided into a water storage area and a rainfall area. Water first enters the water storage area and then enters the rainfall area through the through holes on the partition, ensuring that the water can enter the device evenly and that the rainwater can flow evenly into the rainfall area, making the rainfall intensity in each part more stable.

[0033] Furthermore, in this invention, the second water tank in the gas and water supply system can simulate lateral groundwater recharge. The added CO2 gas cylinder, in conjunction with the reactive substances on the transverse partition, enables the device to conduct simulations of "reactive pollutant transport." The ventilation device can not only observe solid-liquid reactions but also simulate multiphase reactions such as solid-liquid-gas reactions. Combined with the closed-loop configuration of the main system of the closed mine, it can also realize open-closed system simulations related to carbonate aquifers in karst mountainous areas of southern China and redox environment simulations in deep structures. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the overall device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the closed-pit mine simulation system and the gas and water supply system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a front view of the closed-pit mine simulation system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a detailed drawing of the water-permeable reaction tank of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the rainfall simulation system of the present invention.

[0040] The system includes: 1-Rainfall simulation system; 2-Gas and water supply system; 3-Closed mine simulation system; 4-Data acquisition system; 5-First water tank; 6-Rainfall zone; 7-Photoelectric rain sensor; 8-Telescopic support; 9-Peristaltic pump; 10-First flow meter; 11-Rainer; 12-Sealing cover; 13-First control valve; 14-CO2 cylinder; 15-Second water tank; 16-Water purifier; 17-Second flow meter; 18-Second control valve; 19-Vertical partition; 20-Horizontal partition; 21-Permeable reaction tank; 22-Water pump; 23-Sampling port; 24-Sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0043] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0048] See Figure 1 This invention discloses an experimental device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in a closed mine, comprising a rainfall simulation system 1, with a closed mine simulation system 3 positioned below the rainfall simulation system 1; the rainfall simulation system 1 is connected to a first water tank 5; the closed mine simulation system 3 is connected to a data acquisition system 4 and a gas and water supply system 2; the closed mine simulation system 3 includes a simulation chamber, with a plurality of horizontal partitions 20 spaced apart from top to bottom inside the simulation chamber, and vertical partitions 19 at both ends of each of the horizontal partitions 20, with a plurality of openings on both the horizontal partitions 20 and the vertical partitions 19. Each transverse partition 20 has a through hole and is used to place the corresponding experimental material. Each partition 20 is equipped with a pressure measuring tube, which is connected to the data acquisition system 4. The simulation chamber is connected to the gas and water supply system 2. The simulation chamber is equipped with a sensor 24, which is connected to the data acquisition system 4. A water pump 22 is installed at the bottom of the simulation chamber. The water pump 22 is connected to a water pipe, which passes through each transverse partition 20 from bottom to top. The water pump 22 can be used to simulate the production stage and the closure stage of a coal mine, thereby further understanding the process of groundwater rebound and the release of acidic mine water after closure.

[0049] See Figures 2 to 4 Furthermore, each transverse partition 20 is equipped with a corresponding permeable reaction chamber 21, which is made of a permeable material with small pores. The permeable reaction chamber 21 contains experimental materials, including soil, carbonate rock, slag and other substances. Due to the small pores in the chamber wall, most of the solid experimental materials inside will not flow out and contaminate the entire simulation device.

[0050] Furthermore, the through holes opened on the vertical partition 19 can simulate the uniform and stable flow of groundwater into the simulation box. Each layer of horizontal partition 20 is equipped with 5*6=30 water pressure (or pressure measuring tubes) and water chemistry multi-parameter probes. The pressure measuring tubes are connected to the data acquisition system 4 to obtain the water pressure of each layer.

[0051] Furthermore, the device is equipped with multiple sampling ports 23 on the front for sampling and testing, thereby analyzing the migration of acidic mine water in different spatial locations.

[0052] Furthermore, in addition to the partition 20, water quality sensors 24 are installed at different heights on the front, at the bottom of the inlet and outlet, respectively. These sensors can monitor parameters such as pH, temperature, conductivity, and redox potential in different spaces of the device in real time, effectively increasing the monitoring density, improving the integrity of the data, and enhancing the scientific nature of the experiment.

[0053] Furthermore, a second control valve 18 is provided on the side wall of the simulation box. Each second control valve 18 corresponds to a layer of transverse partition 20. A corresponding sensor 24 is provided on one side of each second control valve 18. The inlet end of the second control valve 18 is connected to the outlet end of the second water tank 15.

[0054] Furthermore, the gas and water supply system 2 includes a second water tank 15. The inlet of the second water tank 15 is connected to the outlet of the CO2 cylinder 14 and the water purifier 16, respectively. The outlet of the second water tank 15 is connected to the inlet of the second control valve 18. A second flow meter 17 is provided between the outlet of the second water tank 15 and the inlet of the second control valve 18 to control the flow rate of the water supply.

[0055] Furthermore, the CO2 cylinder 14 can be replaced or other cylinders can be added as needed for experiments. The cylinder is equipped with a switch and a pressure gauge. The water purifier 16 uses an activated carbon filter.

[0056] See Figure 5 Furthermore, the rainfall simulation system 1 includes a telescopic support 8, on which a rainfall simulation tank is mounted. The rainfall simulation tank has an inlet and an outlet, both of which are connected to a first water tank 5. The first water tank 5 is connected to three water pipes, used for external water intake, water supply to the simulation tank, and receiving drainage from the simulation tank, respectively. A peristaltic pump 9 is installed inside the first water tank 5 and connected to the water supply outlet, enabling drainage reuse. Several rain gauges 11 are installed inside the simulation tank. The closed-pit mine simulation system 3 is located below the outlet of the rain gauges 11. The rain gauges 11 are needle-type rain gauges, each with a threaded tube installed on the needle to adjust the direction of rainfall. Traditional rainfall devices can only adjust the intensity of rainfall, not control the direction of rainfall to simulate wind direction. This device, with its threaded tube needle-type rain gauges, allows for simulation experiments that more closely resemble actual conditions.

[0057] Furthermore, the precipitation simulation chamber is equipped with partitions that are vertically distributed and have several through holes. The partitions divide the interior of the precipitation simulation chamber into a water storage area and a rainfall area 6. The perforated partitions allow water to flow evenly into the rainfall area.

[0058] Furthermore, a sealing cover 12 is provided at the top of the precipitation simulation box, and a rubber stopper is provided at the top of the water storage area. After water enters the water storage area, the rain will start when the rubber stopper is removed and stop when the rubber stopper is put back in. A water inlet is provided on the side wall of the water storage area, and a water outlet is provided on the side wall of the precipitation area 6. A first control valve 13 is provided at the water outlet to control the water level in the box. The first control valve 13 is connected to the first water tank 5 to allow the discharged water to be recycled.

[0059] Furthermore, the telescopic bracket 8 is equipped with casters at the bottom to facilitate its movement.

[0060] Furthermore, a photoelectric rain sensor 7 is installed below the telescopic bracket 8 to monitor the rainfall intensity.

[0061] Furthermore, the data collected by the data acquisition system 4 is displayed on a monitor, making the changes in the hydrochemical field during the release and migration of acidic mine water clearer and more intuitive.

[0062] Method of using this invention:

[0063] The Prime Minister pours water into the first water tank 5, uses the peristaltic pump 9 to supply water to the rainfall simulation system 1, adjusts the water level by adjusting the first flow meter 10 and the drain outlet of the rainfall simulation system 1, determines the rainfall intensity based on the photoelectric rain sensor 7, and after adjusting the rainfall intensity, tightens the rubber stopper on the sealing cover 12 to stop the rainfall and prepare for use.

[0064] Next, the experimental materials are loaded into the permeable reaction chamber 21. After placing the water pump 22 at the bottom of the device, the horizontal partition 20 is installed as required. The reaction chambers 21 containing different experimental materials are placed on the corresponding horizontal partitions 20. The CO2 cylinder 14 is connected to the second water tank 15, and the second water tank 15 is connected to the closed mine simulation system 3. Water is supplied to the second water tank 15 through the water purifier 16. After connecting the water quality detection sensor 24 to the data acquisition system 4, the rainfall device is moved above the mine simulation device before the corresponding experiment can be carried out.

[0065] When conducting a simulation experiment of the mine closure process, a stable groundwater flow field should first be formed in the mine closure simulation system 3. Then, water pump 22 should be turned on to pump water and form a stable initial flow field. Adjust its power and position to simulate the hydrodynamic field of the production mine under different scenarios. Then, stop pumping water and simulate the hydrodynamic field of the closure process. Monitor experimental parameters such as water pressure and water quality. During this process, the device can simultaneously provide lateral groundwater recharge and vertical rainfall infiltration recharge modes to complete the simulation of the pollution diffusion law of the mine closure process.

[0066] When simulating complex multi-layered hydrogeological structures, in addition to the above experimental steps, rock samples collected in the study area can be adjusted and laid out to simulate the actual structure of the overlying rock strata of the closed mine in the closed mine simulation system 3. The closed mine simulation system 3 is equipped with multiple detachable transverse partitions 20, which allows users to design structures such as soil layers, porous aquifers, sandstone or carbonate rock fissures with aquitards.

[0067] When conducting simulation experiments on the release of multiple pollutants from closed mines, the permeable reaction tank 21 of this device can be used to measure and load the pollutants such as coal slag, gangue, small samples of mining machinery and equipment, and engine oil left over from the closed mines according to the required quantities, to simulate the generation and release process of pollutants after the water level rebounds in the closed mines.

[0068] The device disclosed in this invention realizes the simulation of multi-layered natural hydrogeological structures: it is equipped with multiple detachable transverse partitions 20, and a permeable reaction chamber 21 is placed above the transverse partitions 20. The experimental materials in the chamber can be adjusted according to specific experimental needs, thereby simulating various hydrogeological structures. This method can control multiple factors and variables and is applicable to most closed mine simulation experiments. In addition, the device can deeply restore the hydrogeological structure of closed mines in karst mountain areas. The upper layer can be laid with an unsaturated zone layer (thin surface soil) and a saturated rock layer (high degree of freedom fracture structure) as needed to simulate the entire process of rainfall infiltration into the closed mine space, which is closer to natural conditions. With detachable porous partitions and reaction chambers, physical models can be flexibly built according to different locations of the mined-out space in the closed mine and combined with the actual mine structural relationships, which can simulate the release process and diffusion law of pollutants in closed mines under the influence of rainfall. At the same time, it can systematically simulate the generation, release and diffusion process of pollutants in different stages and spatial locations of closed mines under various recharge conditions. The device can simulate the effects of rainfall of different intensities in the vertical direction and the groundwater recharge in the lateral direction, which is more in line with the field conditions. The device is equipped with an adjustable water pump, which can simulate the groundwater flow field from production to closure, flooding and then to restabilization, which is convenient for studying the complete process of pollutant release in closed mines.

[0069] A rainfall device was added: Rainfall is one of the main forms of groundwater recharge. The impact of rainfall is often overlooked in studies of acid mine water release patterns. However, literature reviews and field surveys have revealed that rainfall plays a significant role in the generation and transport of acid mine water. Adding a rainfall device capable of regulating rainfall intensity enhances the simulation of recharge methods, allowing for the simulation of both lateral and vertical rainfall recharge. The rainfall device also incorporates a circulation system and a pump within its water tank, enabling the reuse of drainage and conserving water resources.

[0070] The key consideration is the mine closure process: achieving real-time dynamic monitoring of the groundwater dynamic and chemical fields throughout the entire closure process. By adding a water pump at the bottom of the device, the process of a closed mine from production to closure, from closure to flooding, and then to a new stable hydrodynamic field can be simulated. At the same time, a water supply device can be selected to provide lateral groundwater recharge for simulation.

[0071] The addition of a "reaction chamber" and gas supply cylinders (such as those for introducing CO2, O2, etc.) enables the device to simulate the "transport of reactive pollutants." The gas supply device can not only consider solid-liquid reactions but also simulate multiphase reactions such as solid-liquid-gas reactions. Combined with the closed-loop configuration of the main system of a closed mine, it can also simulate open-closed systems related to carbonate aquifers in karst mountainous areas of southern China and simulate redox environments in deep structures. The addition of CO2 cylinders and reaction chambers can realize multiphase reactions of water, rock, and gas. For example, in closed coal mines located in karst areas, carbonate rocks and CO2 have a significant impact on the release of acidic mine water. The presence of carbonate rocks and CO2 may lower the pH of acidic mine water and affect its elemental composition. Adding gas cylinders and reaction chambers containing carbonate rocks can completely simulate this process.

[0072] Intelligent monitoring of multiple water chemistry parameters has been achieved: water chemistry sensors are installed at the inlet and outlet of the device and at different heights of the main body of the device, enabling intelligent and automated monitoring and data acquisition. This allows for continuous, multi-directional monitoring of water quality and automatic plotting of water quality parameter curves, making the changes in the water chemistry field during the release and migration of acidic mine water clearer and more intuitive.

[0073] Using rubber stoppers to control the start and stop of rainfall, and utilizing atmospheric pressure to control the start and stop of rainfall, has the advantages of low cost and good effect;

[0074] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the release and transport of mine contaminants in a closed mine, characterized in that, Includes a rainfall simulation system (1), and a closed mine simulation system (3) is set below the rainfall simulation system (1). The rainfall simulation system (1) is connected to the first water tank (5); The closed mine simulation system (3) is connected to the data acquisition system (4) and the gas and water supply system (2) respectively. The closed mine simulation system (3) includes a simulation box, in which several horizontal partitions (20) are arranged at intervals from top to bottom. Vertical partitions (19) are arranged at both ends of the horizontal partitions (20). Several through holes are opened on the horizontal partitions (20) and the vertical partitions (19). Each horizontal partition (20) is used to place the corresponding experimental material. Each horizontal partition (20) is equipped with a pressure measuring tube, which is connected to the data acquisition system (4). The simulation box is connected to the gas and water supply system (2), and a sensor (24) is installed on the simulation box. The sensor (24) is connected to the data acquisition system (4). A water pump (22) is installed at the bottom of the simulation box. A water pipe is connected to the water pump (22), and the water pipe passes through each horizontal partition (20) from bottom to top. Each of the transverse partitions (20) is provided with a water-permeable reaction chamber (21), and the water-permeable reaction chamber (21) contains the corresponding experimental material; A second control valve (18) is provided on the side wall of the simulation box, and the second control valve (18) is connected to the gas supply and water supply system (2). The gas and water supply system (2) includes a second water tank (15), the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of a CO2 cylinder (14) and a water purifier (16), and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of a closed-pit mine simulation system (3).

2. The device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in a closed mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second control valves (18) are distributed at intervals from top to bottom. Each layer of horizontal partition (20) corresponds to a second control valve (18), and each second control valve (18) is provided with a corresponding sensor (24) on one side.

3. The device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in a closed mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rainfall simulation system (1) includes a telescopic support (8), on which a rainfall simulation box is provided. The rainfall simulation box has an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet and outlet are both connected to the first water tank (5). The precipitation simulation box is equipped with several rain gauges (11), and the closed mine simulation system (3) is located below the outlet of the rain gauges (11).

4. The device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in a closed mine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The precipitation simulation box is equipped with a partition, and the partition has several through holes, which divides the interior of the precipitation simulation box into a water storage area and a rainfall area (6). A rubber stopper is provided at the top of the water storage area, the water inlet is located on the side wall of the water storage area, and the water outlet is located on the side wall of the rainfall area (6).

5. The experimental device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in a closed mine according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first flow meter (10) is installed at the inlet of the precipitation simulation box.

6. The experimental device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in a closed mine according to claim 5, characterized in that, A photoelectric rain sensor (7) is also provided on one side of the telescopic bracket (8).

7. The experimental device for simulating the release and transport of pollutants in a closed mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second flow meter (17) is installed between the outlet end of the second water tank (15) and the inlet end of the closed mine simulation system (3).

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