A tailings simulation test device

Abstract

This application provides a tailings simulation test device, including a frame, a basin, a first flexible rubber membrane, a consolidation degree measuring instrument, a filter pipe assembly, an electronic balance, and a pressure application component. The consolidation degree measuring instrument can apply pressure to the first flexible rubber membrane at different depths and test the consolidation degree of tailings at different depths, so as to obtain consolidation degree data for tailings at different depths. The electronic balance is connected to the outlet of the filter pipe assembly at different depths and tests the permeability of tailings at different depths, so as to obtain permeability data for tailings at different depths. The pressure application component applies pressure to the tailings in the basin to simulate the stress state of tailings at different depths. Therefore, the tailings simulation test device can carry out the simulation work of tailings in karst areas, and based on the tailings simulation test device, understand the state of tailings and leachate in the tailings pond in the karst area, and find out their physical and mechanical properties and spatial distribution characteristics to understand the leakage mechanism of the tailings pond.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of tailings testing devices, and more particularly to a tailings simulation testing device. Background Technology

[0002] Understanding the state of tailings and leachate within tailings ponds in karst areas, and clarifying their physical and mechanical properties and spatial distribution characteristics, is fundamental to understanding the leakage mechanism of tailings ponds. This understanding is essential for designing enhanced drainage and consolidation engineering and sealing leakage channels. Considering the unique hydrogeological conditions of karst areas and the need to test key parameters of tailings consolidation and leakage processes, a tailings state simulation test device for tailings ponds in karst areas was designed. This device will provide support for studying the tailings consolidation process under complex groundwater recharge conditions, including the stratified consolidation process, permeability, leachate exudation and leakage characteristics, as well as for research on enhanced drainage and consolidation engineering, design suitability evaluation, and methods for sealing key leakage points.

[0003] In existing technologies, due to the highly complex hydrogeological conditions in karst areas and the complex groundwater recharge and discharge conditions within the tailings pond, the tailings pond is situated under complex groundwater boundary conditions. Karst water continuously replenishes the pond, significantly impacting the tailings consolidation process and resulting in significant spatial heterogeneity in the consolidation state. This spatial heterogeneity creates leachate discharge points, deteriorating the seepage prevention mechanism of the solidified tailings within the pond and leading to continuous leachate leakage in karst tailings ponds. Currently, there are no commercially available simulation devices for karst tailings, making existing simulation work in karst tailings areas quite difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tailings simulation test device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] frame;

[0007] A basin, connected to the frame, is used to contain tailings; the left side wall of the basin is provided with a plurality of first through holes, which are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction relative to the basin; the right side wall of the basin is provided with a plurality of second through holes, which are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction relative to the basin.

[0008] A first flexible rubber membrane is disposed on the left side wall of the reservoir and arranged relative to each of the first through holes. There are multiple first flexible rubber membranes, and the multiple first flexible rubber membranes respectively close each of the first through holes. The multiple first flexible rubber membranes are arranged relative to tailings at different depths.

[0009] A consolidation degree measuring instrument is installed on the outside of the reservoir basin and is used to test the degree of consolidation of the tailings relative to the first flexible rubber membrane. The consolidation degree measuring instrument includes a housing, a load sensor, a spring, and a displacement gauge. The displacement gauge is movably extendable within the housing, and one end of the displacement gauge is the test end. The load sensor and the spring are housed within the housing. One end of the spring is connected to the displacement gauge, and the other end of the spring is connected to the load sensor and applies force to the load sensor.

[0010] A filter pipe assembly is disposed on the right side wall of the reservoir and is used to test the pore water pressure relative to the tailings in the reservoir. The filter pipe assembly includes a filter pipe body, a pressure gauge, and a valve. The inlet of the filter pipe body is connected to the second through hole, and the outlet of the filter pipe body is exposed to the external environment. The pressure gauge is disposed on one side of the filter pipe body and is used to display the pore water pressure reading. The valve is disposed to the right of the pressure gauge and is connected to the filter pipe body. There are multiple filter pipe assemblies, which are arranged vertically at intervals relative to the reservoir and relative to each of the second through holes. The multiple filter pipe assemblies are arranged relative to tailings at different depths.

[0011] An electronic balance is installed on one side of the reservoir basin. The electronic balance is connected to the main body of the filter pipe and is used to test the permeability relative to the tailings in the reservoir basin.

[0012] A pressure-applying component is disposed at the upper part of the reservoir basin and is used to apply pressure to the tailings in the reservoir basin to simulate the stress state of tailings at different depths.

[0013] Optionally, the tailings simulation test device further includes a first switch, which is disposed on the outer wall of the reservoir and is movably connected to the reservoir, and covers or opens the first flexible rubber membrane.

[0014] Optionally, there are multiple first switches, which are arranged opposite to the corresponding first flexible rubber membrane, and the multiple first switches cover the edge of the first flexible rubber membrane when the first flexible rubber membrane is opened.

[0015] Optionally, the tailings simulation test device further includes a point load consolidation calibration component, which is located on the outside of the basin and used for sampling and testing. The point load consolidation calibration component includes a stainless steel sleeve, a second flexible rubber membrane, a lower permeable plate, and an upper permeable plate. The stainless steel sleeve is provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the lower and upper permeable plates. The upper permeable plate is arranged vertically opposite to the lower permeable plate. A tailings sample is placed between the upper and lower permeable plates. The outer wall of the stainless steel sleeve is provided with a through hole, which is sealed by the second flexible rubber membrane and used for testing by the consolidation degree measuring instrument.

[0016] Optionally, the point load consolidation calibration component further includes a second switch, which is movably connected to the stainless steel sleeve and covers or opens the second flexible rubber membrane.

[0017] Optionally, the tailings simulation test device further includes a water pressure monitoring component, which is located in the middle of the reservoir and is used to monitor the water pressure relative to the tailings in the reservoir. The water pressure monitoring component includes a mounting belt and a water pressure sensor. The mounting belt is connected to the reservoir, and the water pressure sensor is connected to the mounting belt. The water pressure sensor is used to monitor the internal water pressure of the tailings and to perform permeability testing during the consolidation process.

[0018] Optionally, the mounting strip is arranged vertically; there are multiple water pressure sensors, which are spaced apart along the length of the mounting strip, and are arranged relative to tailings at different depths.

[0019] Optionally, the pressure-applying assembly includes a pressure plate, a force transmission rod, a fixed pulley, weights, a connecting belt, and a weight plate. The fixed pulley is located on one side of the tank, the connecting belt pulls the fixed pulley, the weight plate is connected to one end of the connecting belt, the force transmission rod is connected to the other end of the connecting belt, the pressure plate is connected to the force transmission rod, the force transmission rod has a lever fulcrum, the lever fulcrum is close to the side of the pressure plate, the weight plate adds weights, and the pressure plate descends under the action of the lever fulcrum, so that the pressure plate can apply pressure relative to the tailings.

[0020] Optionally, the tailings simulation test device also includes a groundwater recharge and discharge component. The groundwater recharge and discharge component is located on the outside of the reservoir basin and is used to simulate karst groundwater recharge conditions. The groundwater recharge and discharge component includes a water pipe, a first valve, and a water pressure gauge. The first valve is connected to one side of the water pipe, and the water pressure gauge is located to the right of the first valve. The water pressure gauge is connected to one side of the water pipe. There are two groundwater recharge and discharge components.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The left side wall of the reservoir is provided with multiple first through holes, and multiple first flexible rubber membranes respectively seal each of the first through holes. These multiple first flexible rubber membranes are arranged relative to tailings at different depths. A consolidation degree measuring instrument is set on one side of the reservoir and used to test the consolidation degree of the tailings relative to the first flexible rubber membranes. The right side wall of the reservoir is provided with multiple second through holes, and multiple filter pipe assemblies are respectively connected to each of the second through holes. These multiple filter pipe assemblies are arranged relative to tailings at different depths. An electronic balance is set on one side of the reservoir and used to measure the permeability of the tailings within the reservoir. At this time, the consolidation degree measuring instrument can apply pressure to the first flexible rubber membranes at different depths and test the consolidation degree of the tailings at different depths, so as to facilitate testing the consolidation degree of tailings at different depths and obtain consolidation degree data for tailings at different depths. The electronic balance is connected to the filter pipe assemblies at different depths. The water pipe assembly has an outlet, and the permeability of tailings at different depths is tested to obtain permeability data for tailings at different depths. The pressure application assembly is set at the upper part of the reservoir basin and is used to apply pressure to the tailings in the reservoir basin to simulate the stress state of tailings at different depths. Therefore, the tailings simulation test device is used to carry out the simulation work of tailings in karst areas, and based on the tailings simulation test device, the state of tailings and leachate in the tailings pond in the karst area is understood, and the physical and mechanical properties and spatial distribution characteristics are identified to understand the leakage mechanism of the tailings pond. The consolidation degree measuring instrument includes a shell, a load sensor, a spring, and a displacement gauge. The displacement gauge can be moved and extended in the shell, and one end of the displacement gauge is the test end. The load sensor and the spring are housed in the shell. One end of the spring is connected to the displacement gauge, and the other end of the spring is connected to the load sensor and applies force to the load sensor. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a tailings simulation test device is provided for an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a consolidation degree measuring instrument for a tailings simulation test device provided in this application embodiment.

[0026] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the point load consolidation degree calibration component of the tailings simulation test device provided in this application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] Please refer to the attached document. Figures 1-3 This application provides a tailings simulation test device 100, which is a test device for testing the state of tailings 200 in a karst development area. The tailings simulation test device 100 includes a frame 10, a basin 20, a first flexible rubber membrane 30, and a consolidation degree measuring instrument 40.

[0029] The frame 10 serves as a supporting component of the tailings simulation test device 100, supporting the sump 20 and the first flexible rubber membrane 30. Optionally, the frame 10 supports the sump 20 and suspends the sump 20 in the air, making it easier to observe and test the sump 20 in the air.

[0030] The basin 20 is connected to the frame 10 and is used to contain tailings 200. The basin 20 is provided with a receiving trough 21. The tailings 200 are filled into the receiving trough 21 and are flush with the upper end surface of the basin 20 so that the pressure application component 92 can apply pressure to the tailings 200 in the basin 20. The left side wall of the basin 20 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 22, which are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction relative to the basin 20. The right side wall of the basin 20 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 23, which are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction relative to the basin 20.

[0031] At this time, the reservoir 20 is filled with tailings 200. The left side wall of the reservoir 20 is provided with eight first through holes 22. The eight first through holes 22 are arranged vertically at intervals relative to the reservoir 20 and distributed at different depths to facilitate the consolidation degree test of tailings 200 at different depths and obtain consolidation degree data of tailings 200 at different depths. The right side wall of the reservoir 20 is provided with eight second through holes 23. The eight second through holes 23 are arranged vertically at intervals relative to the reservoir 20 and distributed at different depths to facilitate the permeability test of tailings 200 at different depths and obtain permeability data of tailings 200 at different depths. Optionally, the first through holes 22 are elliptical.

[0032] The first flexible rubber membrane 30 is disposed on the outer wall of the reservoir 20 and arranged relative to each first through hole 22. There are multiple first flexible rubber membranes 30, and the multiple first flexible rubber membranes 30 respectively seal each first through hole 22. The multiple first flexible rubber membranes 30 are arranged relative to tailings 200 at different depths.

[0033] At this time, there are eight first flexible rubber membranes 30, and the eight first flexible rubber membranes 30 respectively close the eight first through holes 22, so that the consolidation degree measuring instrument 40 can apply pressure to the first flexible rubber membranes 30 at different depths and test the consolidation degree of tailings 200 at different depths, so as to test tailings 200 at different depths and obtain consolidation degree data of tailings 200 at different depths.

[0034] The consolidation degree measuring instrument 40 is set on the outside of the reservoir 20 and is used to test the consolidation degree of the tailings 200 relative to the first flexible rubber membrane 30. The consolidation degree measuring instrument 40 applies pressure to the consolidation degree of the tailings 200 of the first flexible rubber membrane 30 at eight points respectively, so as to test the consolidation degree of the tailings 200 at eight different depths and thus obtain the consolidation degree of the tailings 200 at each depth.

[0035] The consolidation degree tester 40 includes a housing 41, a load sensor 42, a spring 43, and a displacement meter 44. The displacement meter 44 is movable and extendable within the housing 41, and one end of the displacement meter 44 is the test end. The load sensor 42 and the spring 43 are housed within the housing 41. One end of the spring 43 is connected to the displacement meter 44, and the other end of the spring 43 is connected to the load sensor 42, applying force to the load sensor 42.

[0036] At this time, the test end of the displacement gauge 44 contacts the first flexible rubber membrane 30. The force applied by the test end of the displacement gauge 44 is transmitted to the load sensor 42 through the spring 43. The load sensor 42 collects data so that it can obtain displacement load data during the application process. Based on the displacement load data, the degree of consolidation data is converted, and the degree of consolidation is reflected in the displacement load data. Optionally, the data of the degree of consolidation measuring instrument 40 can be converted into existing technology. This is not defined here. This solution can be obtained in this technical field by using a similar degree of consolidation measuring instrument 40.

[0037] The tailings simulation test device 100 also includes a first switch 50, which is disposed on the outer wall of the tank 20. The first switch 50 is movably connected to the tank 20 and covers or opens the first flexible rubber membrane 30. At this time, the first switch 50 is used to cover or open the first flexible rubber membrane 30, and prevents the first flexible rubber membrane 30 from deforming when it is covered. When the first switch 50 covers the first flexible rubber membrane 30, the first switch 50 overlaps with the first flexible rubber membrane 30 to prevent the first flexible rubber membrane 30 from falling off. When the first switch 50 opens the first flexible rubber membrane 30, the first switch 50 covers the edge of the first flexible rubber membrane 30.

[0038] The first switch 50 has multiple first switches, which are arranged opposite to the corresponding first flexible rubber membrane 30. When the first flexible rubber membrane 30 is opened, the multiple first switches 50 cover the edge of the first flexible rubber membrane 30.

[0039] At this time, there are eight first switches 50, and the eight first switches 50 are arranged opposite to the eight corresponding first flexible rubber membranes 30, so that the eight first switches 50 can respectively cover or open the eight first flexible rubber membranes 30.

[0040] The tailings simulation test device 100 also includes a point load consolidation degree calibration component 60, which is set on the outside of the basin 20 and used for sampling and testing. The point load consolidation degree calibration component 60 includes a stainless steel sleeve 61, a second flexible rubber membrane 62, a lower permeable plate 63 and an upper permeable plate 64. The stainless steel sleeve 61 is provided with a receiving groove 21, which is used to receive the lower permeable plate 63 and the upper permeable plate 64. The upper permeable plate 64 is arranged vertically opposite to the lower permeable plate 63. A sample of tailings 200 is placed between the upper permeable plate 64 and the lower permeable plate 63. The outer wall of the stainless steel sleeve 61 is provided with a through hole 611. The second flexible rubber membrane 62 closes the through hole 611 and is used for testing by the consolidation degree measuring instrument 40.

[0041] At this time, the point load consolidation degree calibration component 60 is an external component used for sampling and testing. The diameter of the through hole 611 of the stainless steel ring sleeve is the same as the diameter of the first through hole 22 of the reservoir 20. The second flexible rubber membrane 62 seals the through hole 611 of the stainless steel ring sleeve. A special ring cutter is used to cut an annular sample. The diameter of the annular sample is the same as the inner diameter of the stainless steel sleeve 61. The annular sample is placed on the upper surface of the lower permeable plate 63 and covered with the upper permeable plate 64. The consolidation degree measuring instrument 40 tests the annular sample.

[0042] The point load consolidation calibration component 60 also includes a second switch 65, which is movably connected to the stainless steel sleeve 61 and covers or opens the second flexible rubber membrane 62.

[0043] At this time, the second switch 65 is used to cover or open the second flexible rubber membrane 62. When covering the second flexible rubber membrane 62, it prevents the second flexible rubber membrane 62 from deforming. When the second switch 65 covers the second flexible rubber membrane 62, the second switch 65 overlaps with the second flexible rubber membrane 62 to prevent the second flexible rubber membrane 62 from falling off. When the second switch 65 opens the second flexible rubber membrane 62, the second switch 65 covers the edge of the second flexible rubber membrane 62.

[0044] The tailings simulation test device 100 also includes a water pressure monitoring component 70, which is located in the middle of the reservoir 20 and is used to monitor the water pressure relative to the tailings 200 in the reservoir 20. The water pressure monitoring component 70 includes a mounting belt 71 and a water pressure sensor 72. The mounting belt 71 is connected to the reservoir 20, and the water pressure sensor 72 is connected to the mounting belt 71. The water pressure sensor 72 is used to monitor the internal water pressure of the tailings 200 so that the water pressure sensor 72 can continuously monitor the internal water pressure online.

[0045] The mounting belt 71 is arranged vertically; there are multiple water pressure sensors 72, which are arranged at intervals along the length of the mounting belt 71, and are arranged relative to tailings 200 at different depths.

[0046] At this time, eight water pressure sensors 72 are arranged at intervals along the length of the mounting belt 71. The eight water pressure sensors 72 are arranged relative to tailings 200 at different depths, so as to test the water pressure data of tailings 200 at eight different depths.

[0047] The tailings simulation test device 100 also includes a filter pipe assembly 80. The filter pipe assembly 80 is connected to the second through hole 23 of the reservoir 20 and is used to test the pore water pressure relative to the tailings 200 in the reservoir 20. The filter pipe assembly 80 includes a filter pipe body 81, a pressure gauge 82, and a valve 83. The inlet of the filter pipe body 81 is connected to the second through hole 23 of the reservoir 20, and the outlet of the filter pipe body 81 is exposed to the external environment. The pressure gauge 82 is located on one side of the filter pipe body 81 and is used to display the pore water pressure reading. The valve 83 is located on the right side of the pressure gauge 82 and is connected to the filter pipe body 81.

[0048] At this time, the filter pipe assembly 80 is connected to one side of the reservoir 20 and is used to test the pore water pressure relative to the tailings 200 in the reservoir 20. The inlet of the filter pipe body 81 is connected to the second through hole 23 of the reservoir 20. The pressure gauge 82 displays the pore water pressure reading of the tailings 200. The valve 83 is used to control the water discharge of the filter pipe body 81.

[0049] Optionally, the main body of the water filter pipe 81 is a transparent acrylic tube.

[0050] The filter pipe assembly 80 has multiple components, which are arranged vertically at intervals relative to the reservoir 20 and relative to each second through hole 23. The filter pipe 93a assembly 80 is arranged relative to tailings 200 at different depths.

[0051] At this time, there are eight filter pipe assemblies 80, which are arranged relative to tailings 200 at different depths, so that the pressure gauges 82 of the filter pipe assemblies 80 can display eight sets of water pressure data of tailings 200.

[0052] The tailings simulation test device 100 also includes an electronic balance 91, which is set on one side of the reservoir 20 and connected to the filter pipe body 81. The electronic balance 91 is used to test the permeability of the tailings 200 in the reservoir 20.

[0053] At this time, the electronic balance 91 is connected to the outlet of the filter pipe body 81. During the test, the valve 83 is closed to measure the pore water pressure during the consolidation process of the tailings 200 material. Then, the valve 83 is opened to test the flow rate through the electronic balance 91. Then, the permeability coefficient and water seepage of the tailings 200 material are tested by water pressure difference and flow rate stratification.

[0054] The tailings simulation test device 100 also includes a pressure application component 92, which is located on the outside of the reservoir 20 and is used to apply pressure to the tailings 200 in the reservoir 20. The pressure application component 92 includes a pressure plate 92a, a force transmission rod 92b, a fixed pulley 92c, a weight 92d, a connecting belt 92e, and a weight plate f. The fixed pulley 92c is located on one side of the reservoir 20. The connecting belt 92e pulls the fixed pulley 92c. The weight plate f is connected to one end of the connecting belt 92e. The force transmission rod 92b is connected to the other end of the connecting belt 92e. The pressure plate 92a is connected to the force transmission rod 92b. The force transmission rod 92b is provided with a lever fulcrum. The lever fulcrum is located on the side of the pressure plate 92a. The weight plate f adds the weight 92d. The pressure plate 92a descends under the action of the lever fulcrum so that the pressure plate 92a can apply pressure to the tailings 200.

[0055] The tailings simulation test device 100 also includes a groundwater recharge and discharge component 93. The groundwater recharge and discharge component 93 is located on the outside of the reservoir 20 and is used to simulate the karst groundwater recharge conditions. The groundwater recharge and discharge component 93 includes a water pipe 93a, a first valve 93b, and a water pressure gauge 93c. The first valve 93b is connected to one side of the water pipe 93a, and the water pressure gauge 93c is located to the right of the first valve 93b. The water pressure gauge 93c is connected to one side of the water pipe 93a. There are two groundwater recharge and discharge components 93.

[0056] At this time, one of the first switches 50 and one of the first flexible rubber membranes 30 are opened, and the groundwater supply and discharge component 93 is connected to this first through hole 22. Water is injected into the inlet of the groundwater supply and discharge component 93 to simulate the karst groundwater supply condition. Then, another first switch 50 and another first flexible rubber membrane 30 are opened, and another groundwater supply and discharge component 93 is connected to this first through hole 22. The first valve 93b of the groundwater supply and discharge component 93 is opened to simulate the karst groundwater discharge condition.

[0057] First Embodiment

[0058] Pressure is continuously monitored by pressure gauge 82, and internal water pressure is continuously monitored by water pressure sensor 72.

[0059] Before measuring the degree of consolidation during the consolidation process of tailings using the consolidation degree tester 40, a point load consolidation degree calibration should be performed. A ring sample is cut using a ring cutter, with the sample diameter matching the inner diameter of the stainless steel sleeve 61. The sample is placed on the lower permeable plate 63, and the upper permeable plate 64 is placed on top of the sample. The pressure application component 92 applies pressure to the upper permeable plate 64.

[0060] The pressure application is set in 20 stages. The consolidation test is carried out by applying pressure and collecting data. After each stage of pressure application is completed, the second switch 65 is turned on, and the displacement gauge 44 of the consolidation degree measuring instrument 40 is used to apply pressure to the measuring point of the second flexible rubber membrane 62 to obtain the displacement load data of the application process.

[0061] After 20 stages of pressure application, the degree of consolidation Ut after each stage of pressure application was calculated according to the conventional consolidation test analysis method. The point load modulus Ep was determined based on the displacement-load curves of each stage obtained by the consolidation degree measuring instrument 40. The Ut and Ep obtained from the 20 pressure applications were statistically analyzed to obtain the Ut-Ep relationship model, thus completing the point load consolidation degree calibration.

[0062] For large-scale model tests, when each stage of pressure application is completed, the first switch 50 is turned on, and the point load modulus Ep at each point is measured using a consolidation degree measuring instrument 40. Based on the Ut-Ep relationship model, the degree of consolidation at each point under each stage of load is determined.

[0063] When each pressure level is completed, the electronic balance 91 is connected to the filter pipe body 81. The second valve 83 from the top is opened, and the flow rate is recorded by the electronic balance. After the flow rate stabilizes, the second valve 83 is closed. The water pressure and stable flow rate measured by the pressure gauge 82 are used to determine the tailings permeability between the first and second filter pipe bodies 81 according to Darcy's law. After the second pressure gauge 82 stabilizes, the third valve 83 is opened. After the flow rate stabilizes, the third valve 83 is closed. The water pressure and stable flow rate measured by the second pressure gauge 82 are used to determine the tailings permeability between the second and third filter pipe bodies 81 according to Darcy's law, and so on.

[0064] The leachate monitoring system opens eight valves (83) to monitor the flow rate at each measuring point in real time, thus completing the test.

[0065] Second Embodiment

[0066] Open the first and second first switches 50, connect the two groundwater recharge and discharge components 93 to the two first through holes 22, keep the two first valves 93b closed, inject water into the tailings at the design rate through the water inlet 41 and maintain the design time, open the second first valve 93b, and monitor the water pressure at the leakage point under the condition of groundwater recharge through the water pressure gauge 93c.

[0067] The consolidation degree of each of the 40 measuring points of the first flexible rubber membrane at state 30 was measured using a consolidation degree measuring instrument to analyze the influence of replenishment and leakage conditions on tailings consolidation.

[0068] Third Embodiment

[0069] Open the first and second first switches 50, connect the two groundwater supply and discharge components 93 to the two first through holes 22, keep the two first valves 93b closed, inject water into the tailings at the design rate through the water inlet 41 and maintain the design time, open the second first valve 93b, connect the electronic balance 91 to the drain outlet of the water pipe 93a to monitor the leakage flow.

[0070] According to the enhanced drainage design plan, holes are drilled in the tailings and water is pumped out of the tailings. The pumping volume is monitored, and the water pressure in the tailings is monitored by water pressure sensor 72. The consolidation degree is measured at each of the first flexible rubber membrane 30 at each measuring point of the consolidation degree measuring instrument 40. The enhanced drainage project supports the leakage control and accelerated consolidation under the condition of water supply leakage through analysis of water volume and water pressure data.

[0071] This invention provides a reservoir basin simulation test device 100. The left side wall of the reservoir basin 20 has multiple first through-holes 22, and multiple first flexible rubber membranes 30 respectively seal each of the first through-holes 22. The multiple first flexible rubber membranes 30 are arranged relative to tailings at different depths. A consolidation degree measuring instrument 40 is disposed on one side of the reservoir basin 20 and is used to test the consolidation degree of the tailings relative to the first flexible rubber membranes 30. The right side wall of the reservoir basin 20 has multiple second through-holes 23, and multiple filter pipe assemblies 80 are respectively connected to each of the second through-holes 23. The multiple filter pipe assemblies 80 are arranged relative to tailings at different depths. An electronic balance 91 is disposed on one side of the reservoir basin 20 and is used to measure the permeability of the tailings within the reservoir basin 20. At this time, the consolidation degree measuring instrument 40 can apply pressure to the first flexible rubber membrane 30 at different depths and test the consolidation degree of tailings at different depths, so as to test the consolidation degree of tailings at different depths and obtain consolidation degree data of tailings at different depths. The electronic balance 91 is connected to the outlet of the filter pipe assembly 80 at different depths and tests the permeability of tailings at different depths, so as to test the permeability of tailings at different depths and obtain permeability data of tailings at different depths. The pressure application component is set at the upper part of the reservoir and is used to apply pressure to the tailings in the reservoir to simulate the stress state of tailings at different depths. Therefore, the tailings simulation test device 100 is used to carry out the simulation of tailings in karst areas. The proposed work, based on the tailings simulation test device 100, aims to understand the state of tailings and leachate within a karst tailings dam, and to ascertain their physical and mechanical properties and spatial distribution characteristics in order to understand the leakage mechanism of the tailings dam. The consolidation degree measuring instrument 40 includes a shell 41, a load sensor 42, a spring 43, and a displacement gauge 44. The displacement gauge 44 is movably extendable within the shell 41, with one end serving as the testing end. The load sensor 42 and spring 43 are housed within the shell 41. One end of the spring 43 is connected to the displacement gauge 44, and the other end is connected to the load sensor 42, applying force to the load sensor 42. The tailings simulation test device 100 also includes a pressure application component 92, located outside the dam basin 20. The pressure-applying assembly 92, used to pressurize the tailings 200 in the reservoir 20, includes a pressure plate 92a, a force transmission rod 92b, a fixed pulley 92c, a weight 92d, a connecting belt 92e, and a weight plate f. The fixed pulley 92c is located on one side of the reservoir 20, and the connecting belt 92e pulls the fixed pulley 92c. The weight plate f is connected to one end of the connecting belt 92e, and the force transmission rod 92b is connected to the other end of the connecting belt 92e. The pressure plate 92a is connected to the force transmission rod 92b, and the force transmission rod 92b has a lever fulcrum. The lever fulcrum is located on the side of the pressure plate 92a. When the weight plate f adds the weight 92d, the pressure plate 92a descends under the action of the lever fulcrum, so that the pressure plate 92a can apply pressure relative to the tailings 200.

[0072] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0073] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0074] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A tailings simulation test apparatus, characterized by, The tailings simulation test device comprises a rack, a library basin connected to the rack and used for containing tailings, a left side wall of the library basin being provided with a plurality of first through holes, the plurality of first through holes being arranged in a vertical direction relative to the library basin, a right side wall of the library basin being provided with a plurality of second through holes, the plurality of second through holes being arranged in a vertical direction relative to the library basin, a first flexible rubber film arranged on the left side wall of the library basin and relative to each of the first through holes, wherein the first flexible rubber film has a plurality of first flexible rubber films, each of the first flexible rubber films closing each of the first through holes, and each of the first flexible rubber films being arranged relative to tailings of different depths, a consolidation degree tester arranged outside the library basin and used for testing the consolidation degree of tailings relative to the first flexible rubber film, the consolidation degree tester comprising a shell, a load sensor, a spring and a displacement meter, the displacement meter being movably telescoped in the shell, one end of the displacement meter being a test end, the load sensor and the spring being contained in the shell, one end of the spring being connected to the displacement meter, and the other end of the spring being connected to the load sensor and applying force to the load sensor, a filter pipe assembly arranged on the right side wall of the library basin and used for testing the pore water pressure of tailings in the library basin, the filter pipe assembly comprising a filter pipe body, a pressure gauge and a valve, a water inlet of the filter pipe body being connected to the second through hole, a water outlet of the filter pipe body being exposed to an external environment, the pressure gauge being arranged on one side of the filter pipe body and used for displaying the reading of the pore water pressure, the valve being arranged on the right side of the pressure gauge and connected to the filter pipe body, the filter pipe assembly having a plurality of filter pipe assemblies, the plurality of filter pipe assemblies being arranged in a vertical direction relative to the library basin and relative to each of the second through holes, and the plurality of filter pipe assemblies being arranged relative to tailings of different depths, an electronic balance arranged on one side of the library basin, the electronic balance being connected to the filter pipe body and used for testing the permeability of tailings in the library basin, and a pressure applying assembly arranged on the upper part of the library basin and used for applying pressure to the tailings in the library basin to simulate the stress state of tailings at different depths. The tailings simulation test device further comprises a first switch arranged on the outer wall of the library basin, the first switch being movably connected to the library basin and covering or opening the first flexible rubber film. The first switch has a plurality of first switches, the plurality of first switches being arranged relative to the corresponding first flexible rubber films, and the plurality of first switches covering the edges of the first flexible rubber films when the first flexible rubber films are opened. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. The tailings simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein ​ 3. The tailings simulation test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein ​ 4. The tailings simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The tailings simulation test device further comprises a point load consolidation degree calibration assembly arranged outside the library basin and used for sampling test; the point load consolidation degree calibration assembly comprises a stainless steel sleeve, a second flexible rubber film, a lower water-permeable plate and an upper water-permeable plate; the stainless steel sleeve is provided with a containing groove for containing the lower water-permeable plate and the upper water-permeable plate; the upper water-permeable plate is arranged in a vertical direction relative to the lower water-permeable plate; a sample of tailings is placed between the upper water-permeable plate and the lower water-permeable plate; a through hole is formed in the outer wall of the stainless steel sleeve; the second flexible rubber film seals the through hole and is used for test by the consolidation degree tester.

5. The tailings simulation test apparatus according to claim 4, wherein The point load consolidation degree calibration assembly further comprises a second switch movably connected to the stainless steel sleeve and covering or opening the second flexible rubber film.

6. The tailings simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The tailings simulation test device further comprises a water pressure monitoring assembly arranged in the middle of the library basin and used for monitoring the water pressure relative to the tailings in the library basin; the water pressure monitoring assembly comprises a mounting belt and a water pressure sensor; the mounting belt is connected to the library basin; the water pressure sensor is connected to the mounting belt; the water pressure sensor is used for monitoring the internal water pressure of the tailings and for permeability test in the consolidation process.

7. The tailings simulation test apparatus according to claim 6, wherein The mounting belt is arranged in a vertical direction; the water pressure sensor has a plurality of water pressure sensors arranged at intervals along the length direction of the mounting belt; the plurality of water pressure sensors are arranged relative to tailings at different depths, respectively.

8. The tailings simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The pressure applying assembly comprises a pressure applying plate, a force transmission rod, a fixed pulley, a weight, a connecting belt and a weight plate; the fixed pulley is arranged on one side of the library basin; the connecting belt pulls the fixed pulley; the weight plate is connected to one end of the connecting belt; the force transmission rod is connected to the other point of the connecting belt; the pressure applying plate is connected to the force transmission rod; the force transmission rod is provided with a lever fulcrum; the lever fulcrum is close to one side of the pressure applying plate; the weight plate increases the weight; the pressure applying plate descends under the action of the lever fulcrum so as to apply pressure to the tailings relative to the pressure applying plate.

9. The tailings simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The tailings simulation test device further comprises a groundwater recharge and discharge member arranged outside the library basin and used for simulating a karst groundwater recharge working condition; the groundwater recharge and discharge member comprises a water pipe, a first valve and a water pressure gauge; the first valve is connected to one side of the water pipe; the water pressure gauge is arranged on the right side of the first valve; the water pressure gauge is connected to one side of the water pipe; the groundwater recharge and discharge member has two.

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