Two-stage series mantle-simulated molten iron bath organic solid waste gasification furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-stage series imitation mantle molten iron bath organic solid waste gasification furnace, comprising a primary gasification furnace and a secondary gasification furnace, wherein the primary gasification furnace is provided with a first molten iron liquid, and the secondary gasification furnace is provided with a second molten iron liquid; the primary gasification furnace is provided with a feeding device and a primary top oxygen gun; the secondary gasification furnace is provided with a secondary top oxygen gun and a synthesis gas discharge pipe; the organic solid waste is wrapped by an iron wrapping layer, and the organic solid waste is put into the primary gasification furnace through the feeding device; a second submerged nozzle is provided between the upper end of the primary gasification furnace and the bottom of the secondary gasification furnace; the crude synthesis gas generated by the reaction in the primary gasification furnace is introduced from the bottom of the second molten iron liquid in the secondary gasification furnace through the second submerged nozzle. The invention wraps the organic solid waste by the iron wrapping layer and forms an inclusion, and the organic solid waste is fed in the form of an inclusion, thereby solving the problem that the traditional thin and tough film-like organic solid waste is difficult to crush and has a high processing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of energy technology, in particular to a two-stage series-connected mantle-simulated molten iron bath organic solid waste gasification furnace. Background Art

[0002] Compared to traditional processes, molten iron bath gasification is a more advanced process for converting hazardous waste into low-carbon energy. This involves injecting organic solid waste particles into molten iron at high speeds and injecting a gasifying agent, such as pure oxygen, for thorough treatment and conversion. This process converts hydrocarbons into clean synthesis gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen), which can be used as fuel gas or in chemical synthesis, such as methanation to produce natural gas and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to produce gasoline and diesel. Most of the inorganic matter remains in the slag floating on the surface, achieving volume reduction, harmlessness, and resource recovery. The implementation method is as follows: by pre-placing molten iron in the gasification furnace, and then sending organic solid waste into the molten iron through various means, and introducing oxygen at the same time, the organic solid waste cracking-gasification process is always completed in a liquid environment immersed in about 1500 degrees and is quite rapid. High-temperature rapid cracking-gasification does not produce dioxins, and heavy metals and their oxides (which are reduced) enter the molten iron or sink to the lower layer of the molten iron for recovery. The entire organic solid waste disposal process only requires the introduction of oxygen (incomplete combustion of carbon and oxygen is an exothermic reaction), and no additional heating is required. Hydrogen-rich energy is produced at low cost and low carbon emissions.

[0003] When treating organic solid waste in a traditional molten iron bath gasification furnace, the organic solid waste must first be mechanically crushed into particles of 3 mm or even smaller. The crushed organic solid waste particles are then sprayed at a high speed into the molten iron liquid in the gasification furnace through a material spray gun on the top of the gasification furnace. The organic solid waste reacts with oxygen under the catalysis of the molten iron liquid to produce synthesis gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen).

[0004] When treating organic solid waste in a traditional molten iron bath gasification furnace, the organic solid waste needs to be crushed before it can be sprayed through a material spray gun. However, when treating some thin and tough film-like organic solid waste (such as plastic bags and agricultural films), these types of organic solid waste are difficult to crush using traditional mechanical crushing methods. They often need to be crushed using methods such as liquid nitrogen low-temperature crushing. The crushing process is relatively troublesome, and the low-temperature crushing requires the use of specialized low-temperature crushing equipment, which consumes a lot of energy and leads to high processing costs.

[0005] Secondly, during the reaction of organic solid waste with molten iron, the synthesis gas produced contains a variety of complex organic molecular gases and some organic solid particles, and the impurity content is high, which increases the difficulty and complexity of gas purification. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a two-stage series mantle-simulated molten iron bath organic solid waste gasification furnace.

[0007] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a two-stage series mantle-simulated molten iron bath organic solid waste gasification furnace, comprising a first gasification furnace and a second gasification furnace, wherein the first gasification furnace is filled with a first molten iron liquid, and the second gasification furnace is filled with a second molten iron liquid; the first gasification furnace is provided with a feeding device and a first top oxygen lance; the second gasification furnace is provided with a second top oxygen lance and a synthesis gas discharge pipe; the organic solid waste is wrapped with an iron wrapping layer and the organic solid waste is fed into the first gasification furnace through the feeding device;

[0008] A second submerged nozzle is provided between the upper end of the primary gasifier and the bottom of the secondary gasifier; the second submerged nozzle is sequentially provided with a horizontal inlet section, a gradually converging section, a throat section, a gradually expanding section, a parallel front section, and a parallel rear section; the crude synthesis gas generated by the reaction in the primary gasifier is introduced into the bottom of the second molten iron in the secondary gasifier through the second submerged nozzle;

[0009] The first-stage gasifier is provided with a first overpressure exhaust pipe, the second-stage gasifier is provided with a high-position air inlet pipe connected to the first overpressure exhaust pipe, and a first explosion relief valve is provided between the first overpressure exhaust pipe and the high-position air inlet pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the system further comprises a cooling chamber, a first submerged air inlet pipe, a lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace, a second submerged air inlet pipe, an alkali bath absorber, a second overpressure exhaust pipe, a first cooling and dust removal unit, and a second cooling and dust removal unit. The cooling chamber is provided with an air inlet, a first air outlet, and a second air outlet. The lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace is filled with molten lead-bismuth liquid, and the alkali bath absorber is filled with alkali liquid. The temperature of the molten lead-bismuth liquid is 800-1200 degrees Celsius.

[0011] One end of the second overpressure exhaust pipe is connected to the primary gasifier, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the cooling chamber; one end of the first submerged air inlet pipe is connected to the first air outlet of the cooling chamber, and the other end extends into the molten lead-bismuth liquid in the lead-bismuth bath reformer; the first submerged air inlet pipe is provided with a second explosion relief valve; one end of the second submerged air inlet pipe is connected to the second air outlet of the cooling chamber, and the other end extends into the alkali liquid in the alkali bath absorber; the second submerged air inlet pipe is provided with a third explosion relief valve.

[0012] The lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace is connected to the first cooling and dust removal unit through the reforming gas exhaust pipe, and the alkali bath absorber is connected to the second cooling and dust removal unit through the exhaust pipe.

[0013] Preferably, when the gas pressure in the primary gasifier reaches a first set pressure value, the first explosion relief valve opens, and the crude synthesis gas in the primary gasifier enters the secondary gasifier through the first overpressure exhaust pipe and the high-position air inlet pipe;

[0014] When the gas pressure in the first-stage gasifier reaches the second set pressure value, the second explosion relief valve opens, and the crude synthesis gas in the first-stage gasifier passes through the second overpressure exhaust pipe, the cooling chamber, the first submerged air inlet pipe, the lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace and the first cooling and dust removal unit in sequence before being discharged;

[0015] When the gas pressure in the first-stage gasifier reaches the third set pressure value, the third explosion relief valve opens, and the crude synthesis gas in the first-stage gasifier passes through the second overpressure exhaust pipe, the cooling chamber, the second submerged air inlet pipe, the alkaline bath absorber, and the second cooling and dust removal unit in sequence before being discharged;

[0016] The third set air pressure value is greater than the second set air pressure value, and the second set air pressure value is greater than the first set air pressure value.

[0017] Preferably, a flow meter and a spare air injection pipe are provided in the parallel rear section of the second submerged nozzle.

[0018] Preferably, an annular graphite negative electrode and an annular graphite positive electrode are respectively provided in the tapered section and the parallel front section of the second submerged nozzle; when the throat section of the second submerged nozzle is blocked, the annular graphite negative electrode and the annular graphite positive electrode are respectively connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the DC power supply, and an arc is generated between the annular graphite negative electrode and the annular graphite positive electrode, and the throat blockage blocked in the throat section is melted by the electric arc, thereby clearing the throat section.

[0019] Preferably, the second immersion nozzle is provided with an induction heating coil connected to an AC power supply; when metal solid particles block the throat section, the metal solid particles are induction heated and melted by the induction heating coil, thereby clearing the throat section.

[0020] Preferably, a natural gas nozzle and an oxygen nozzle are provided on the horizontal inlet section of the second submerged nozzle. The natural gas nozzle is connected to the natural gas storage tank through a natural gas connecting pipe, and the oxygen nozzle is connected to the oxygen storage tank through an oxygen connecting pipe. A natural gas valve is provided on the natural gas connecting pipe, and an oxygen valve is provided on the oxygen connecting pipe. The nozzles of the natural gas nozzle and the oxygen nozzle are both aligned with the throat section.

[0021] Preferably, a powder nozzle and an oxygen nozzle are provided on the horizontal inlet section of the second immersion nozzle, one end of the powder nozzle is connected to both the high-temperature metal powder spray can and the flux powder spray can; the oxygen nozzle is connected to the oxygen storage tank via an oxygen connecting pipe; the high-temperature metal powder spray can is filled with high-temperature metal powder, and the flux powder spray can is filled with flux powder;

[0022] When the throat section of the second immersion nozzle is blocked, oxygen is sprayed into the horizontal inlet section through the oxygen nozzle, and high-temperature metal powder and flux powder are sprayed into the horizontal inlet section through the powder nozzle; the high-temperature metal powder reacts with oxygen to produce metal oxides and generate heat, and the flux powder contacts the metal oxides to produce molten slag with a temperature higher than 2000 degrees Celsius. The molten slag melts the throat blockage in the throat section, and the kinetic energy of the molten slag when it moves forward flushes the throat blockage, thereby clearing the throat section.

[0023] Preferably, the high-temperature metal powder comprises waste aluminum powder, metal magnesium powder, silicon-aluminum-iron alloy powder, silicon-calcium alloy powder, and the flux powder comprises calcium fluoride, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, borax and lime powder.

[0024] Preferably, the second submerged nozzle comprises an inlet fixed tube body, an outlet fixed tube body, and a nozzle unit turntable, wherein the horizontal inlet section is arranged in the inlet fixed tube body, and the parallel front section and the parallel rear section are arranged in the outlet fixed tube body;

[0025] The nozzle unit turntable includes a turntable shaft and several replaceable nozzle units, which are arranged on the outside of the turntable shaft in a circular array; the outer replaceable nozzle units are driven to rotate by the turntable shaft; when the turntable shaft rotates, the outer replaceable nozzle units pass through between the inlet fixed tube body and the outlet fixed tube body in turn; the replaceable nozzle unit is provided with a convergent section, a throat section, and a gradually expanding section in turn; graphite lubricating layers are provided at both ends of the replaceable nozzle unit, and the graphite lubricating layers are used to achieve sealed docking between the replaceable nozzle unit and the inlet fixed tube body and the outlet fixed tube body.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The present invention wraps the organic solid waste 100 with an iron coating layer to form an inclusion body. The organic solid waste is fed in the form of an inclusion body, thereby solving the problem of difficulty in crushing and high processing cost of traditional thin and tough film-like organic solid waste. In addition, the iron coating layer is also the main raw material of the molten iron liquid. After the iron coating layer is put into the first molten iron liquid and melted, it can be directly dissolved in the first molten iron liquid and can be used as a supplement to the first molten iron liquid.

[0028] 2. The present invention can further pyrolyze the crude synthesis gas produced by the primary gasifier through secondary gasification treatment, thereby obtaining a relatively pure net synthesis gas, increasing the proportion of target gases (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) in the net synthesis gas, thereby increasing the output of the target gas and reducing the difficulty of the subsequent gas purification process.

[0029] 3. In the present invention, when blockage occurs and causes the gas pressure in the first-stage gasifier to increase, the pressure of the first-stage gasifier can be relieved in a timely and reliable manner to avoid the risk of explosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the first immersion nozzle.

[0032] Figure 3 Another structural diagram of the first submerged nozzle

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second immersion nozzle in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second immersion nozzle in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second immersion nozzle in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second immersion nozzle in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second immersion nozzle in Example 5 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second immersion nozzle in Example 6 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second immersion nozzle when replacing the replaceable nozzle unit in Example 6 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the nozzle unit turntable in Example 6 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the air extraction and inflation device.

[0042] In the figure: 100, organic solid waste, 101, primary gasifier, 102, first molten iron liquid, 103, first molten slag liquid, 110, taphole, 120, slag discharge port, 130, receiving hopper, 131, upper solenoid valve, 132, charging lock hopper, 133, lower solenoid valve, 134, spiral lock hopper, 135, spiral pusher, 136, primary top oxygen gun, 137, inert gas nozzle, 138, first overpressure exhaust pipe, 139, first explosion relief valve, 140, high-position air inlet pipe, 150, air extraction and charging device, 160, second overpressure exhaust pipe, 201, secondary gasifier, 202, second molten iron liquid, 203, second molten slag liquid, 207, synthesis gas discharge pipe, 210, discharge port, 2 20. Third cooling and dust removal unit, 221. Net synthesis gas outlet, 236. Secondary top oxygen lance, 301. Lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace, 302. Molten lead-bismuth solution, 303. First submerged air inlet pipe, 305. Second explosion relief valve, 307. Reformed gas discharge pipe, 320. First cooling and dust removal unit, 321. Reformed gas discharge outlet, 390. Cooling chamber, 401. Alkali bath absorber, 402. Alkali solution, 403. Second submerged air inlet pipe, 405. Third explosion relief valve, 406. Liquid replenishment nozzle, 407. Exhaust pipe, 420. Second cooling and dust removal unit, 421. Exhaust pipe, 501. First submerged nozzle, 502. Straight nozzle, 503. Converging nozzle, 601. Second submerged nozzle, 6 02. Ceramic tube wall, 603. Horizontal inlet section, 604. Gradual convergence section, 605. Throat section, 606. Gradual expansion section, 607. Parallel front section, 608. Parallel rear section, 609. Flow meter, 610. Spare jet tube, 620. DC power supply, 621. Annular graphite cathode, 622. Annular graphite anode, 625. AC power supply, 626. Induction heating coil, 630. Natural gas storage tank, 631. Natural gas valve, 632. Natural gas nozzle, 633. Oxygen storage tank, 634. Oxygen valve, 635. Oxygen nozzle, 640. Nitrogen storage tank, 641. Carrier gas jet valve, 642. Powder nozzle, 643. High-temperature metal powder spray can, 644. Flux powder spray can, 65 1. Inlet fixed pipe body, 652. Replaceable nozzle unit, 653. Outlet fixed pipe body, 654. Graphite lubricating layer, 658. Throat blockage, 659. Fixed steel shell, 660. Replaceable nozzle unit in the removed position, 661. Replaceable nozzle unit in the working position, 662. Replaceable nozzle unit in the standby position, 670. Turntable shaft, 900. Gas-inflated container to be evacuated, 951. Exhaust pipe, 952. Cooling dust collector, 953. Exhaust valve, 954. Vacuum pump, 955. Exhaust buffer tank, 956. Booster pump, 957. Exhaust gas storage tank, 960. Inert gas storage tank, 961. Exhaust gas charging valve, 962. Exhaust gas charging pipe, 963. Inert gas charging valve, 964. Inert gas charging pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] It is to be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the elements may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, a two-stage tandem mantle-simulated molten iron bath organic solid waste gasification furnace comprises a first gasification furnace 101 and a second gasification furnace 201. The first gasification furnace 101 contains a first molten iron liquid 102, while the second gasification furnace 201 contains a second molten iron liquid 202. The first and second molten iron liquids 102 and 202 are primarily composed of iron and contain a certain proportion of carbon. The temperatures of the first and second molten iron liquids 102 and 202 range from 1400°C to 1600°C. A first molten slag liquid 103 forms above the first molten iron liquid 102, while a second molten slag liquid 203 forms above the second molten iron liquid 202. The primary gasifier 101 is provided with an iron tapping port 110 and a slag discharge port 120. The slag discharge port 120 corresponds to the height of the first molten slag 103. After the iron tapping port 110 is drilled by a plugging machine, the first molten iron 102 in the primary gasifier 101 can be discharged. After the slag discharge port 120 is drilled by a plugging machine, the first molten slag 103 in the primary gasifier 101 can be discharged. The secondary gasifier 201 is provided with a liquid discharge port 210. After the liquid discharge port 210 is drilled by a plugging machine, the second molten iron 202 in the secondary gasifier 201 can be discharged.

[0048] The primary gasifier 101 is equipped with a feed device, a primary top oxygen lance 136, and an inert gas nozzle 137. The secondary gasifier 201 is equipped with a secondary top oxygen lance 236 and a syngas discharge pipe 207. The feed device, inert gas nozzle 137, and primary top oxygen lance 136 are all located at the top of the primary gasifier 101. The secondary top oxygen lance 236 and syngas discharge pipe 207 are also located at the top of the secondary gasifier 201. A third cooling and dust removal unit 220 is installed on the syngas discharge pipe 207, which is provided with a clean syngas outlet 221.

[0049] The feeding device includes a spiral push tube 135, a spiral lock hopper 134, a charging lock hopper 132, and a receiving hopper 130. The lower end of the spiral push tube 135 is connected to the primary gasifier 101. The spiral lock hopper 134 is located above the spiral lock hopper 134, and the charging lock hopper 132 is located above the spiral lock hopper 134. A lower solenoid valve 133 is located between the charging lock hopper 132 and the spiral lock hopper 134. The receiving hopper 130 is located above the charging lock hopper 132, and an upper solenoid valve 131 is located between the receiving hopper 130 and the charging lock hopper 132. The charging lock hopper 132 is connected to the air extraction and charging device 150.

[0050] like Figure 12 As shown, the air extraction and charging device 150 includes an exhaust pipe 951, an exhaust gas charging pipe 962, an inert gas charging pipe 964, an inert gas storage tank 960, and an exhaust gas storage tank 957. One end of the exhaust pipe 951 and the exhaust gas charging pipe 962 is connected to the gas container 900 to be extracted and charged, and the other end of the exhaust pipe 951 and the exhaust gas charging pipe 962 is connected to the exhaust gas storage tank 957. The exhaust pipe 951 is sequentially equipped with a cooling dust collector 952, an exhaust valve 953, a vacuum pump 954, an exhaust gas buffer tank 955, and a pressurizing device 956. The exhaust gas charging pipe 962 is equipped with an exhaust gas charging valve 961. One end of the inert gas charging pipe 964 is connected to the gas container 900 to be extracted and charged, and the other end is connected to the inert gas storage 960. The inert gas charging pipe 964 is equipped with an inert gas charging valve 963. The container 900 to be evacuated and inflated, to which the first evacuation and inflating device 150 is connected, is the charging lock hopper 132. The inert gas storage tank 960 stores nitrogen or carbon dioxide.

[0051] The method for using the air extraction and charging device 150 is as follows: when exhausting the charging hopper 132, the exhaust valve 953 is opened, the waste gas charging valve 961 and the inert gas charging valve 963 are closed, and the vacuum pump 954 and the booster pump 956 are started. The gas in the charging hopper 132 is extracted through the exhaust pipe 951 and transferred to the waste gas storage tank 957. When charging the charging hopper 132 with inert gas, the inert gas charging valve 963 is opened, the waste gas charging valve 961 and the exhaust valve 953 are closed, and the inert gas is charged into the charging hopper 132 through the inert gas storage tank 960. If necessary, flammable waste gas can be stored in the waste gas storage tank 957, which can be introduced into the charging hopper 132 by opening the waste gas charging valve 361.

[0052] During feeding, the organic solid waste 100 is wrapped by an iron wrapping layer, and then fed into the primary gasification furnace 101 through a feeding device. Among them, the iron wrapping layer can be iron sheet or thin iron sheet. The iron wrapping layer wraps the organic solid waste 100 to form an inclusion, and the inclusion is put into the receiving hopper 130; after the feeding lock hopper 132 is vacuumed by the vacuum and inflation device 150, inert gas is filled into the feeding lock hopper 132 by the vacuum and inflation device 150 until the internal and external air pressures of the feeding lock hopper 132 are balanced; then the upper solenoid valve 131 is opened to allow the inclusion to fall into the feeding lock hopper 132, and then the upper solenoid valve 131 is closed, and the lower solenoid valve 133 is opened to allow the inclusion to fall into the spiral lock hopper 134 and the lower solenoid valve 133 is closed. The inclusion falling into the spiral lock hopper 134 enters the primary gasification furnace 101 under the action of the spiral pushing tube 135, and the inclusion falls onto the first molten iron liquid 102, thereby completing the feeding operation of the organic solid waste. When the inclusions fall onto the first molten iron 102, the outer iron inclusions melt, and the organic solid waste 100 enclosed within comes into contact with the hot first molten iron 102, undergoing a pyrolysis reaction and producing crude syngas. Under normal operating conditions, the pressure within the primary gasifier 101 is 0.5-1.0 MPa.

[0053] A second submerged nozzle 601 is provided between the upper end of the first gasifier 101 and the bottom of the second gasifier. Figure 4 As shown, the second submerged nozzle is provided with a horizontal inlet section 603, a tapered section 604, a throat section 605, a gradually expanding section 606, a parallel front section 607, and a parallel rear section 608 in sequence; the crude synthesis gas produced by the reaction in the primary gasifier 101 is introduced into the bottom of the second molten iron liquid 202 in the secondary gasifier 201 through the second submerged nozzle 601.

[0054] When passing through the second submerged nozzle 601, the high-temperature and high-pressure raw synthesis gas will pass through the horizontal inlet section 603, the tapered section 604, the throat section 605, the gradually diverging section 606, and the parallel front section 607 in sequence, forming a supersonic jet, and finally ejected from the parallel rear section 608 and sprayed into the second molten iron 202 in the secondary gasification furnace 201. The crude syngas is ejected at high speed from 608, violently agitating the liquid layer of the second molten iron liquid 202. This leads to intense interaction between the gas and the molten iron liquid, forming extremely fine bubbles and expanding the contact surface area between the gas and liquid phases. As the bubbles emerge upward from the second molten iron liquid 202, the organic molecules or organic particles in the bubbles fully contact the second molten iron liquid and undergo a thorough cracking reaction, further cracking the organic molecules and organic particles into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. After further gasification and decomposition in the second molten iron liquid 202, the impurity content in the crude syngas is greatly reduced, while the content of the two target gases, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is increased, resulting in a relatively pure net syngas. The higher purity of the net syngas reduces the difficulty and complexity of gas purification. A third cooling and dust removal unit 220 is provided on the syngas discharge pipe 207. The net syngas passes through the syngas discharge pipe 207 and the third cooling and dust removal unit 220 in sequence before being discharged from the net syngas outlet 221 on the third cooling and dust removal unit 220. The pressure inside the secondary gasifier 201 is 0.12-0.2.0 MPa during normal operation. Oxygen is continuously injected into the primary and secondary gasifiers 101 and 201 via the primary and secondary top oxygen lances 136 and 236, respectively, to provide raw materials for the reaction.

[0055] A flow meter 609 and a backup gas injection pipe 610 are provided in the parallel rear section 408 of the second immersion nozzle 601. The flow meter 609 is used to determine the gas flow rate in the second immersion nozzle 601, and the backup gas injection pipe 610 is connected to a high-pressure inert gas storage tank. When the flow meter 609 detects that the gas flow rate in the second immersion nozzle 601 is lower than a set value, the backup gas injection pipe 610 is activated to prevent the secondary molten iron from flowing back into the second immersion nozzle 601. The backup gas injection pipe 610 injects inert gas into the parallel rear section 408, thereby increasing the gas flow rate in the second immersion nozzle 601 and preventing the backflow of the second molten iron 202.

[0056] In the actual process, a first submerged nozzle 501 can be added between the upper end of the first gasifier 101 and the bottom of the second gasifier according to actual needs. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the first submerged nozzle 501 has two structural forms: a straight nozzle 502 and a tapered nozzle 503. The diameter of the gas jet passage in the straight nozzle 502 is uniform throughout; the diameter of the gas jet passage in the tapered nozzle 503 gradually decreases from the primary gasifier 101 to the secondary gasifier 201. The first submerged nozzle 501 is made of an inorganic non-metallic material, such as graphite or ceramics, such as alumina, zirconia, aluminum chromium, aluminum zirconium, carbide, or nitride.

[0057] Before the organic solid waste 100 enters the primary gasifier 101, that is, before adding materials, an inert gas (such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.) is blown into the primary gasifier 101 through the inert gas nozzle 137, so that the first submerged nozzle 501 and the second submerged nozzle 601 can continuously blow air into the second molten iron liquid 202, preventing the second molten iron liquid 202 from backflowing and flowing back into the first submerged nozzle 501 and the second submerged nozzle 601, and also preventing the second molten iron liquid 202 from solidifying in the first submerged nozzle 501 and the second submerged nozzle 601.

[0058] The first gasifier 101 is provided with a first overpressure exhaust pipe 138, and the second gasifier 201 is provided with a high-position air inlet pipe 140 connected to the first overpressure exhaust pipe 138. A first explosion relief valve 139 is provided between the first overpressure exhaust pipe 138 and the high-position air inlet pipe 140.

[0059] The present invention also includes a cooling chamber 390, a first submerged air inlet pipe 303, a lead-bismuth bath reformer 301, a second submerged air inlet pipe 403, an alkaline bath absorber 401, a second overpressure exhaust pipe 160, a first cooling and dust removal unit 320, and a second cooling and dust removal unit 420. The cooling chamber 390 is provided with an air inlet, a first air outlet, and a second air outlet. The lead-bismuth bath reformer 301 is filled with molten lead-bismuth solution 302, and the alkaline bath absorber 401 is filled with alkaline solution 402. The temperature of the molten lead-bismuth solution 302 is 800-1200 degrees Celsius. The alkaline solution 402 can be sodium hydroxide solution, lime milk, or ammonia water. The alkaline bath absorber 401 is provided with a liquid replenishment nozzle 406.

[0060] One end of the second overpressure exhaust pipe 160 is connected to the primary gasifier 101, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the cooling chamber 390. One end of the first submerged air inlet pipe 303 is connected to the first air outlet of the cooling chamber 390, and the other end extends into the molten lead-bismuth solution 302 in the lead-bismuth bath reformer 301. A second explosion relief valve 305 is provided on the first submerged air inlet pipe 303. One end of the second submerged air inlet pipe 403 is connected to the second air outlet of the cooling chamber 390, and the other end extends into the alkali solution 402 in the alkali bath absorber 401. A third explosion relief valve 405 is provided on the second submerged air inlet pipe 403.

[0061] The lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace 301 is connected to the first cooling and dust removal unit 320 through the reforming gas exhaust pipe 307 , and the alkali bath absorber 401 is connected to the second cooling and dust removal unit 420 through the exhaust pipe 407 .

[0062] The second submerged nozzle 601 may become clogged during operation. Once the second submerged nozzle 601 becomes clogged, the gas pressure in the primary gasifier 101 may continue to rise, leading to overpressure and thus posing a risk of explosion. The present invention relieves pressure in the following ways to avoid the risk of explosion:

[0063] When the gas pressure in the first-stage gasifier 101 reaches the first set pressure value, the first explosion relief valve 139 opens, and the crude synthesis gas in the first-stage gasifier 101 enters the second-stage gasifier 201 through the first overpressure exhaust pipe 138 and the high-position air inlet pipe 140; the crude synthesis gas is further decomposed in the second-stage gasifier and then discharged from the synthesis gas exhaust pipe 207.

[0064] When the pressure in the primary gasifier 101 reaches the second set pressure value, the second explosion relief valve 305 opens, and the crude syngas in the primary gasifier 101 passes through the second overpressure exhaust pipe 160, the cooling chamber 390, the first submerged air inlet pipe 303, the lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace 301, and the first cooling and dust removal unit 320 before being discharged. The lead-bismuth bath temperature is maintained at 800-1200°C, which facilitates the further pyrolysis of the crude syngas and further decomposes environmentally hazardous organic matter. The decomposed syngas, after cooling and dust removal, is discharged through the reformed gas outlet 321 and supplied to downstream links.

[0065] When the air pressure in the first-stage gasifier 101 reaches the third set air pressure value, the third explosion relief valve 405 opens, and the crude synthesis gas in the first-stage gasifier 101 is discharged after passing through the second overpressure exhaust pipe 160, the cooling chamber 390, the second submerged air inlet pipe 403, the alkali bath absorber 401 and the second cooling and dust removal unit 420 in sequence; the acidic substances in the crude synthesis gas are absorbed by the alkali solution 402 and the crude synthesis gas is cooled, and at the same time, the liquid replenishing nozzle 406 sprays additional cold water to cool the alkali solution 402 and replenish water.

[0066] The third set pressure value is greater than the second set pressure value, and the second set pressure value is greater than the first set pressure value. In the present invention, the first set pressure value is 1.2 MPa, the second set pressure value is 1.4 MPa, and the third set pressure value is 1.6 MPa.

[0067] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0068] 1. The present invention wraps the organic solid waste with an iron coating layer to form an inclusion body. The organic solid waste is fed in the form of an inclusion body, thereby solving the problem of difficulty in crushing and high processing cost of traditional thin and tough film-like organic solid waste. In addition, the iron coating layer is also the main raw material of the molten iron liquid. After the iron coating layer is put into the first molten iron liquid and melted, it can be directly integrated into the first molten iron liquid and can be used as a supplement to the first molten iron liquid.

[0069] 2. The present invention can further pyrolyze the crude synthesis gas produced by the primary gasifier through secondary gasification treatment, thereby obtaining a relatively pure net synthesis gas, increasing the proportion of target gases (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) in the net synthesis gas, thereby increasing the output of the target gas and reducing the difficulty of the subsequent gas purification process.

[0070] 3. In the present invention, when blockage occurs and causes the gas pressure in the first-stage gasifier to increase, the pressure of the first-stage gasifier can be relieved in a timely and reliable manner to avoid the risk of explosion.

[0071] Example 2:

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown, the difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that in Example 2, an annular graphite negative electrode 621 and an annular graphite positive electrode 622 are respectively provided in the tapered section 604 and the parallel front section 607 of the second submerged nozzle 601.

[0073] Due to the isentropic expansion of the supersonic gas flow in 601, the internal enthalpy is converted into high-speed kinetic energy, the temperature of the gas drops, and it is easy to condense at the throat section 605 and the entrance of the gradually expanding section 606. The pyrolysis liquid such as tar and the entrained solid particles and dust will condense and accumulate in the throat section 605, thereby forming a throat blockage 658 in the throat section 605, resulting in the obstruction of the second submerged nozzle 601.

[0074] In the present invention, the blockage problem of the second immersion nozzle 601 is solved by using the annular graphite negative electrode 621 and the annular graphite positive electrode 622. The specific method is as follows:

[0075] When the throat section 605 of the second submerged nozzle 601 is blocked, the annular graphite negative electrode 621 and the annular graphite positive electrode 622 are connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the DC power supply respectively, and an arc is generated between the annular graphite negative electrode 621 and the annular graphite positive electrode 622, and the throat blockage 658 blocked in the throat section is melted by the arc, thereby clearing the throat section 605; when the flow meter 609 detects that the flow rate in the second submerged nozzle 601 returns to normal, it means that the throat blockage 658 has been cleared, the arc stops, and normal operation is carried out.

[0076] The rest of the structure of Example 2 is similar to that of Example 1.

[0077] Example 3:

[0078] like Figure 6 As shown, Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that, in Example 3, an induction heating coil 626 is provided on the second immersion nozzle 601 and connected to an AC power source 625. When solid metal particles clog the throat section 605, the induction heating coil 626 induction heats and melts the solid metal particles, which are then blown away by the airflow in the second immersion nozzle 601, thereby clearing the throat section. When the flow rate in the second immersion nozzle 601 returns to normal, the blockage has been cleared, and the induction heating coil 626 stops heating and resumes normal operation.

[0079] The rest of the structure of Example 3 is similar to that of Example 1.

[0080] Example 4:

[0081] like Figure 7 As shown, the difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that: in Example 4, a natural gas nozzle 632 and an oxygen nozzle 635 are provided at the horizontal inlet section of the second submerged nozzle 601. The natural gas nozzle 632 is connected to the natural gas storage tank 630 via a natural gas connecting pipe, and the oxygen nozzle 635 is connected to the oxygen storage tank 633 via an oxygen connecting pipe. A natural gas valve 631 is provided on the natural gas connecting pipe, and an oxygen valve 634 is provided on the oxygen connecting pipe. The nozzles of the natural gas nozzle 632 and the oxygen nozzle 635 are both aligned with the throat section.

[0082] When a throat obstruction 658 forms in the throat section 605 of the second submerged nozzle 601 and a blockage occurs, the oxygen valve 634 and the natural gas valve 631 are opened, and oxygen and natural gas are sprayed into the throat section 605 through the natural gas nozzle 632 and the oxygen nozzle 635. Since the temperature of the gas in the second submerged nozzle 601 and the temperature of the tube wall of the second submerged nozzle 601 are between 700 and 1500 degrees Celsius, the sprayed natural gas is directly ignited, generating a combustion flame exceeding 2000 degrees Celsius, which heats and melts the throat obstruction 658 in the throat section 605. The melted throat obstruction 658 is then washed away by the airflow. When the flow meter 609 detects that the flow rate in the second submerged nozzle 601 has returned to normal, indicating that the obstruction has been cleared, the oxygen valve 634 and the natural gas valve 631 are closed, and normal operation is resumed.

[0083] The rest of the structure of Example 4 is similar to that of Example 1.

[0084] Example 5:

[0085] like Figure 8As shown, the difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that: a powder nozzle 642 and an oxygen nozzle 635 are provided on the horizontal inlet section 603 of the second immersion nozzle 601, one end of the powder nozzle 642 is connected to both a high-temperature metal powder spray tank 643 and a flux powder spray tank 644; the oxygen nozzle 635 is connected to the oxygen storage tank 633 via an oxygen connecting pipe, and an oxygen valve 634 is provided on the oxygen connecting pipe; the spraying of the metal powder spray tank 643 and the flux powder spray tank 644 is controlled by a carrier gas jet valve 641; the high-temperature metal powder spray tank 643 is filled with high-temperature metal powder, and the flux powder spray tank 644 is filled with flux powder;

[0086] When the throat section 605 of the second immersion nozzle 601 is blocked, the carrier gas jet valve 641 and the oxygen valve 634 are opened, and oxygen is sprayed into the horizontal inlet section 603 through the oxygen nozzle 635, and high-temperature metal powder and flux powder are sprayed into the horizontal inlet section 603 through the powder nozzle 642; when spraying the high-temperature metal powder and flux powder, nitrogen is used as the blowing carrier gas, and the nitrogen is stored in the nitrogen storage tank 640; the high-temperature metal powder reacts with oxygen to produce metal oxides and generate heat, and the flux powder contacts the metal oxides to produce molten slag with a temperature higher than 2000 degrees Celsius. The molten slag melts the throat blockage 658 blocked in the throat section, and the kinetic energy of the molten slag when it moves forward is used to flush the throat blockage 658, thereby clearing the throat section.

[0087] In this embodiment, the high-temperature metal powder includes scrap aluminum powder, metal magnesium powder, silicon-aluminum-iron alloy powder, and silicon-calcium alloy powder, and the flux powder includes calcium fluoride, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, borax, and lime powder.

[0088] The rest of the structure of Example 5 is similar to that of Example 1.

[0089] Example 6:

[0090] like Figure 9-11 As shown, the difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that: in Example 6, the second submerged nozzle 601 includes an inlet fixed tube body 651, an outlet fixed tube body 653, and a nozzle unit turntable, the horizontal inlet section 603 is arranged in the inlet fixed tube body 651, and the parallel front section 607 and the parallel rear section 608 are arranged in the outlet fixed tube body 653;

[0091] The nozzle unit turntable includes a turntable shaft 670 and several replaceable nozzle units 652 arranged in a circular array outside the turntable shaft 670. The turntable shaft drives the outer replaceable nozzle units 652 to rotate. As the turntable shaft 670 rotates, the outer replaceable nozzle units 652 sequentially pass between the inlet fixed tube body 651 and the outlet fixed tube body 653. The replaceable nozzle units 652 are sequentially provided with a convergent section 604, a throat section 605, and a divergent section 606. Graphite lubricating layers 654 are provided at each end of the replaceable nozzle units 652, ensuring a sealed connection between the replaceable nozzle units 652 and the inlet fixed tube body 651 and the outlet fixed tube body 653. A fixed steel shell 659 is provided on the outside of the nozzle unit turntable.

[0092] The replaceable nozzle unit 652 on the nozzle unit turntable that docks with the inlet fixed tube body 651 and the outlet fixed tube body 653 is the working position replaceable nozzle unit 661. The replaceable nozzle unit 652 located before the working position replaceable nozzle unit 661 is the standby position replaceable nozzle unit 662. The replaceable nozzle unit 660 located after the working position replaceable nozzle unit 661 is the removed position replaceable nozzle unit 660. The position where the working position replaceable nozzle unit 661 is located is the working position. The inlet fixed tube body 651, the outlet fixed tube body 653, and the replaceable nozzle unit 652 are all made of ceramic material.

[0093] When a blockage 658 forms in the throat section 605 of the working-position replaceable nozzle unit 661 and a blockage occurs, the current standby-position replaceable nozzle unit 662 is rotated between the inlet fixed tube body 651 and the outlet fixed tube body 653 by rotating the turntable shaft 670. The standby-position replaceable nozzle unit 662 moves to the working position and becomes the new working-position replaceable nozzle unit 661, while the original working-position replaceable nozzle unit 661 moves out of the working position. In this way, the replaceable nozzle unit 652 can be quickly replaced, ensuring production continuity and avoiding long production interruptions caused by blockage of the second immersion nozzle 601.

[0094] The rest of the structure of Example 6 is similar to that of Example 1.

[0095] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive other forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, no matter what changes are made in the shape or structure, any technical solution that is the same or similar to that of the present application falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Two-stage series mantle-simulated molten iron bath organic solid waste gasification furnace, characterized in that: It comprises a primary gasifier and a secondary gasifier, wherein the primary gasifier is filled with a first molten iron liquid, and the secondary gasifier is filled with a second molten iron liquid; the primary gasifier is provided with a feeding device and a primary top oxygen lance; the secondary gasifier is provided with a secondary top oxygen lance and a synthetic gas discharge pipe; the organic solid waste is wrapped by an iron wrapping layer, and the organic solid waste is put into the primary gasifier through the feeding device; A second submerged nozzle is provided between the upper end of the primary gasifier and the bottom of the secondary gasifier; a horizontal inlet section, a gradually contracting section, a throat section, a gradually expanding section, a parallel front section, and a parallel rear section are sequentially provided in the second submerged nozzle; the crude synthesis gas generated by the reaction in the primary gasifier is introduced into the bottom of the second molten iron in the secondary gasifier through the second submerged nozzle; The first-stage gasifier is provided with a first overpressure exhaust pipe, the second-stage gasifier is provided with a high-position air intake pipe connected to the first overpressure exhaust pipe, and a first explosion relief valve is provided between the first overpressure exhaust pipe and the high-position air intake pipe.

2. The two-stage series mantle-simulated iron molten bath organic solid waste gasification furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a cooling chamber, a first submerged air inlet pipe, a lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace, a second submerged air inlet pipe, an alkali bath absorber, a second overpressure exhaust pipe, a first cooling and dust removal unit, and a second cooling and dust removal unit. The cooling chamber is provided with an air inlet, a first air outlet, and a second air outlet. The lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace is filled with molten lead-bismuth liquid, and the alkali bath absorber is filled with alkali liquid. The temperature of the molten lead-bismuth liquid is 800-1200 degrees Celsius. One end of the second overpressure exhaust pipe is connected to the primary gasifier, and the other end is connected to the air inlet on the cooling chamber; one end of the first submerged air inlet pipe is connected to the first air outlet on the cooling chamber, and the other end extends into the molten lead-bismuth liquid in the lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace, and a second explosion relief valve is provided on the first submerged air inlet pipe; one end of the second submerged air inlet pipe is connected to the second air outlet on the cooling chamber, and the other end extends into the alkali liquid in the alkali bath absorber; a third explosion relief valve is provided on the second submerged air inlet pipe; The lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace is connected to the first cooling and dust removal unit through a reforming gas exhaust pipe, and the alkali bath absorber is connected to the second cooling and dust removal unit through an exhaust pipe.

3. The two-stage series mantle-simulated iron molten bath organic solid waste gasification furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the gas pressure in the first gasifier reaches the first set pressure value, the first explosion relief valve opens, and the raw synthesis gas in the first gasifier enters the secondary gasifier through the first overpressure exhaust pipe and the high-position air inlet pipe; When the gas pressure in the first gasifier reaches the second set pressure value, the second explosion relief valve opens, and the crude synthesis gas in the first gasifier is discharged through the second overpressure exhaust pipe, the cooling chamber, the first submerged air inlet pipe, the lead-bismuth bath reforming furnace and the first cooling and dust removal unit in sequence; When the gas pressure in the first gasifier reaches the third set pressure value, the third explosion relief valve opens, and the crude synthesis gas in the first gasifier is discharged after passing through the second overpressure exhaust pipe, the cooling chamber, the second submerged air inlet pipe, the alkaline bath absorber and the second cooling and dust removal unit in sequence; The third set air pressure value is greater than the second set air pressure value, and the second set air pressure value is greater than the first set air pressure value.

4. The two-stage series mantle-simulated iron molten bath organic solid waste gasification furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A flow meter and a spare air injection pipe are arranged in the parallel rear section of the second submerged nozzle.

5. The two-stage series mantle-simulated iron molten bath organic solid waste gasification furnace according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An annular graphite negative electrode and an annular graphite positive electrode are respectively provided in the tapered section and the parallel front section of the second submerged nozzle; when the throat section of the second submerged nozzle is blocked, the annular graphite negative electrode and the annular graphite positive electrode are respectively connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the DC power supply, and an arc is generated between the annular graphite negative electrode and the annular graphite positive electrode, and the throat blockage blocked in the throat section is melted by the electric arc, thereby clearing the throat section.

6. The two-stage series mantle-simulated iron molten bath organic solid waste gasification furnace according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The second immersion nozzle is provided with an induction heating coil connected to an AC power supply; when metal solid particles block the throat section, the metal solid particles are induction heated and melted by the induction heating coil, thereby clearing the throat section.

7. The two-stage series mantle-simulated iron molten bath organic solid waste gasification furnace according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A natural gas nozzle and an oxygen nozzle are provided on the horizontal inlet section of the second submerged nozzle. The natural gas nozzle is connected to the natural gas storage tank through a natural gas connecting pipe, and the oxygen nozzle is connected to the oxygen storage tank through an oxygen connecting pipe. A natural gas valve is provided on the natural gas connecting pipe, and an oxygen valve is provided on the oxygen connecting pipe. The nozzles of the natural gas nozzle and the oxygen nozzle are both aimed at the throat section.

8. The two-stage series mantle-simulated molten iron bath organic solid waste gasification furnace according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A powder spray pipe and an oxygen spray pipe are provided on the horizontal inlet section of the second immersion spray pipe, one end of the powder spray pipe is connected to both the high temperature metal powder spray can and the flux powder spray can; the oxygen spray pipe is connected to the oxygen storage tank through an oxygen connecting pipe; the high temperature metal powder spray can is filled with high temperature metal powder, and the flux powder spray can is filled with flux powder; When the throat section of the second submerged nozzle is blocked, oxygen is sprayed into the horizontal inlet section through the oxygen nozzle, and high-temperature metal powder and flux powder are sprayed into the horizontal inlet section through the powder nozzle; the high-temperature metal powder reacts with oxygen to produce metal oxides and generate heat, and the flux powder contacts the metal oxides to produce molten slag with a temperature higher than 2000 degrees Celsius. The molten slag melts the throat blockage in the throat section, and the kinetic energy of the molten slag when it moves forward flushes the throat blockage, thereby unblocking the throat section.

9. The two-stage series mantle-simulated iron molten bath organic solid waste gasification furnace according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The high-temperature metal powder comprises waste aluminum powder, metal magnesium powder, silicon-aluminum-iron alloy powder, and silicon-calcium alloy powder; the flux powder comprises calcium fluoride, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, borax, and lime powder.

10. The two-stage series mantle-simulated iron molten bath organic solid waste gasification furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second submerged nozzle comprises an inlet fixed tube body, an outlet fixed tube body, and a nozzle unit rotating disk, wherein the horizontal inlet section is arranged in the inlet fixed tube body, and the parallel front section and the parallel rear section are arranged in the outlet fixed tube body; The nozzle unit turntable includes a turntable shaft and a plurality of replaceable nozzle units, and the replaceable nozzle units are arranged on the outside of the turntable shaft in a circular array; the outer replaceable nozzle units are driven to rotate by the turntable shaft; when the turntable shaft rotates, the outer replaceable nozzle units pass through between the inlet fixed tube body and the outlet fixed tube body in sequence; the replaceable nozzle unit is provided with a tapered section, a throat section, and a gradually expanding section in sequence; graphite lubricating layers are provided at both ends of the replaceable nozzle unit, and the graphite lubricating layers are used to realize the sealed docking between the replaceable nozzle unit and the inlet fixed tube body and the outlet fixed tube body.

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