A system that combines wave energy utilization and carbon dioxide sequestration technology

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of marine new energy utilization, and particularly discloses a system combining wave energy utilization and carbon dioxide sequestration technology, which includes a carbon transport pipe and a carbon dioxide collection device, a carbon dioxide compression device, and a supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device driven by ocean waves; the carbon dioxide collection device is communicated with the carbon dioxide compression device, the carbon dioxide compression device is communicated with the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device, the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device is communicated with the carbon transport pipe, and the carbon outlet end of the carbon transport pipe is arranged in the deposition layer; the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device is used to cooperate with the carbon transport pipe to transport supercritical carbon dioxide to the deposition layer for sequestration. The carbon dioxide collection device, the carbon dioxide compression device, and the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device driven by ocean waves cooperate with each other to complete carbon sequestration, and the clean and renewable wave energy provides driving force for carbon dioxide sequestration, solving the problem that the prior art cannot utilize clean and renewable energy for carbon sequestration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine new energy utilization, and particularly relates to a system combining wave energy utilization and carbon dioxide sequestration technology. Background Art

[0002] As early as the 1980s, scientific research revealed that the climate change process caused by the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide disrupted the earth system's own evolution rhythm, and even threatened human sustainable development, resulting in problems such as glacier melting, sea level rise, frequent extreme weather, and rising temperatures affecting food production. How to meet the world's energy demand necessary for economic growth while reducing the long-term impact on the environment is a key issue for achieving a sustainable future. Among them, reducing greenhouse gas emissions during energy production, transmission, and use is an important goal. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to control carbon dioxide emissions during energy production, transportation, and use, such as by using sequestration technology.

[0003] Currently, there have been many attempts to combine the aforementioned carbon dioxide sequestration technology with other production activities. Terrestrial carbon sequestration is mainly combined with geothermal energy. However, due to the preciousness of land area resources, ensuring the long-term storage of carbon dioxide in terrestrial strata requires a detailed understanding of structural geology, and the subsequent cost of maintaining and monitoring the strata is not low. Therefore, future research focus may shift from land to the deep sea. The patent with the publication number CN111075525A discloses a deep-sea carbon sequestration and power generation system. This system generates electricity from the waste heat of the exhaust gas of a coastal power plant and strips carbon dioxide, and applies the stripped carbon dioxide to a subsea geothermal Brayton cycle, and finally stores it in a deep-sea sequestration cavity. The wave power generation device in this system provides power for a supercritical carbon dioxide compressor, but the entire system relies on the exhaust gas emitted by coal-fired power plants, etc., and the wave energy resources on the coast are limited and cannot meet the future deep-sea operation requirements; the patent with the publication number CN114278257A discloses a synchronous device and method for offshore oilfield exploitation and supercritical carbon dioxide sequestration, including an offshore production platform, an oil and gas exploitation system, and a carbon dioxide sequestration system. During operation, carbon dioxide sequestration and oil and gas exploitation are carried out simultaneously. Since carbon dioxide may overflow through formation gaps such as faults or fractures, the carbon dioxide sequestration method used in this device has high requirements for the formation.

[0004] In summary, the existing carbon sequestration technology combined with marine platforms cannot utilize pure clean and renewable energy for carbon sequestration. Therefore, it is of great significance to study a system that only uses clean and renewable energy for carbon sequestration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a system combining wave energy utilization and carbon dioxide sequestration technology to solve the problem that existing carbon sequestration systems cannot sequester carbon dioxide using only clean and renewable energy sources.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a system combining wave energy utilization and carbon dioxide sequestration technology, including a carbon transport pipe, a carbon dioxide collection device driven by ocean waves, a carbon dioxide compression device, and a supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device; the carbon dioxide collection device is communicated with the carbon dioxide compression device, the carbon dioxide compression device is communicated with the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device, the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device is communicated with the carbon transport pipe, and the outlet of the carbon transport pipe is arranged in a sediment layer; the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device is used to transport supercritical carbon dioxide through the carbon transport pipe to the sediment layer for sequestration.

[0007] In one embodiment, the carbon dioxide collection device includes a collection cylinder and an oscillating water column; the oscillating water column is communicated with the collection cylinder, and the collection cylinder is communicated with the carbon dioxide compression device; the oscillating water column has a chamber, and at least a part of the chamber is located in water; under the action of ocean waves, the gas in the chamber is compressed and transported to the collection cylinder.

[0008] In one embodiment, the carbon dioxide compression device includes a first float mechanism, a first piston mechanism, and a second piston mechanism; the other end of the first float mechanism is arranged in the first piston mechanism, the first piston mechanism is communicated with the second piston mechanism, and the carbon dioxide collection device and the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device are communicated through the second piston mechanism; under the push of ocean waves, the first float mechanism drives the first piston mechanism to perform piston movement to press the fluid in the first piston mechanism to the second piston mechanism; under the push of the fluid, the second piston mechanism compresses the carbon dioxide introduced from the collection cylinder through piston movement and transports the carbon dioxide to the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first float mechanism includes a plurality of hemispherical floats and a plurality of heaving floats, and the plurality of hemispherical floats are all arranged annularly around the outer periphery of the carbon transport pipe, and the plurality of heaving floats are all arranged annularly around the outer periphery of the carbon transport pipe.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first piston mechanism includes a first piston rod and a first piston cylinder; the first piston cylinder is communicated with the second piston mechanism; a slidable first piston block is arranged in the first piston cylinder, the first piston block is fixedly connected with one end of the first piston rod, the other end of the first piston rod extends out of the first piston cylinder, and the other end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected with the first float mechanism.

[0011] In one embodiment, the second piston mechanism includes a second piston rod and a second piston cylinder; the second piston cylinder includes a first cylinder body and a second cylinder body that are not in communication with each other, and the diameter of the first cylinder body is greater than that of the second cylinder body; the first cylinder body is in communication with the first piston mechanism, a slidable second piston block is provided in the first cylinder body, and the second piston block is fixedly connected to one end of the second piston rod; the second cylinder body is in communication with the carbon dioxide collection device, a slidable third piston block is provided in the second cylinder body, and the third piston block is fixedly connected to the other end of the second piston rod; driven by the fluid, the second piston rod performs piston movement in the first cylinder body and the second cylinder body to compress the carbon dioxide in the second cylinder body.

[0012] In one embodiment, the carbon dioxide compression device further includes a commutation mechanism; the first piston mechanism is in communication with the commutation mechanism, the commutation mechanism is in communication with both ends of the first cylinder body, and the commutation mechanism is used to control the driving direction of the fluid in the first cylinder body.

[0013] In one embodiment, the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device includes a storage tank, a second float mechanism and a third piston mechanism; the storage tank is in communication with the carbon dioxide compression device and the third piston mechanism, the other end of the second float mechanism is disposed in the third piston mechanism, and the third piston mechanism is in communication with the carbon delivery pipe; driven by ocean waves, the second float mechanism drives the third piston mechanism to perform piston movement and transports the supercritical carbon dioxide in the third piston mechanism to the carbon delivery pipe.

[0014] In one embodiment, the third piston mechanism includes a third piston rod, a third piston cylinder, a communication cavity, a first spherical switching valve, and a second spherical switching valve; the third piston cylinder includes a spaced third cylinder body and a fourth cylinder body, and the third cylinder body communicates with the fourth cylinder body; a slidable fourth piston block is provided in the third cylinder body, the fourth piston block is fixedly connected to one end of the third piston rod, the other end of the third piston rod extends out of the third cylinder body, and the other end of the third piston rod is fixedly connected to the second float mechanism; the third cylinder body is connected to the communication cavity, the first spherical switching valve is arranged between the communication cavity and the third cylinder body, and the first spherical switching valve is used to control the connection and disconnection between the third cylinder body and the communication cavity; the fourth cylinder body is connected to the communication cavity, the second spherical switching valve is arranged between the communication cavity and the fourth cylinder body, and the second spherical switching valve is used to control the connection and disconnection between the fourth cylinder body and the communication cavity; the communication cavity communicates with the carbon transport pipe; the third piston rod is used to perform piston movement in the third cylinder body to selectively control the opening of the first spherical switching valve or the second spherical switching valve, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide in the third cylinder body or the supercritical carbon dioxide in the fourth cylinder body is transported into the communication cavity.

[0015] In one embodiment, it further includes a plurality of oil production pipes; the plurality of oil production pipes are all arranged annularly around the carbon transport pipe, and the plurality of oil production pipes are in surface contact with the carbon transport pipe to transfer the heat on the plurality of oil production pipes to the carbon transport pipe.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] Due to the carbon transport pipe and the carbon dioxide collection device, carbon dioxide compression device, and supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device driven by ocean waves, the carbon dioxide collection device communicates with the carbon dioxide compression device, the carbon dioxide compression device communicates with the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device, the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device communicates with the carbon transport pipe, and the carbon outlet end of the carbon transport pipe is arranged in the sediment layer; the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device is used to cooperate with the carbon transport pipe to transport supercritical carbon dioxide to the sediment layer for storage. Therefore, when in application, the purpose of carbon storage of carbon dioxide is achieved by collecting through the carbon dioxide collection device, the collected carbon dioxide is compressed by the carbon dioxide compression device, the compressed carbon dioxide is passed to the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device to make the carbon dioxide in a supercritical state, and finally it is transported to the sediment layer through the carbon transport pipe to achieve carbon storage.

[0018] Moreover, since the carbon dioxide collection device, the carbon dioxide compression device, and the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device are all driven by ocean waves, only the clean and renewable wave energy can be used to provide the driving force for carbon dioxide sequestration, effectively solving the problem that the existing carbon sequestration system cannot carry out carbon sequestration only by using clean and renewable energy. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide compression device, the carbon dioxide collection device, and the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is the enlarged view of the carbon dioxide compression device provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 a;

[0023] Figure 4 is the enlarged view of the carbon dioxide compression device provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 b;

[0024] Figure 5 is the enlarged view of the carbon dioxide compression device provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 6 is the enlarged view of the carbon dioxide collection device provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is the enlarged view of the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0028] a. Carbon dioxide compression device; a1. First float mechanism; a2. First piston mechanism; a3. Second piston mechanism; 11. Heaving float; 12. First piston cylinder; 13. First piston block; 14. First piston rod; 15. Second one-way valve; 16. Second pressure regulating valve; 17. Second pressure gauge; 18. Auxiliary energy recovery accumulator; 19. Second pressure sensor; 110. Fine filter; 111. Gear pump; 112. Coarse filter; 113. First oil tank; 114. Make-up oil motor; 115. Third pressure regulating valve; 116. Fourth one-way valve; 117. Third one-way valve; 118. Fifth one-way valve; 22. Second piston rod; 23. Inlet pipe; 24. Reversing mechanism; 25. Second piston cylinder; 26. Second piston block; 27. Left valve for stroke in place; 28. Right valve for stroke in place; 29. First cylinder block; 210. Third piston block; 212. Second cylinder block; 213. Third oil tank; 214. Second oil tank; 215. Sixth one-way valve; 216. Fourth pressure regulating valve; 217. Gas flow meter;

[0029] b. Carbon dioxide collection device; 31. Filtering device; 32. First pressure regulating valve; 33. First pressure gauge; 35. First pressure sensor; 36. First one-way valve; 37. Silencer; 38. Oscillating water column; 39. Collection cylinder;

[0030] c. Supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device; c1. Second float mechanism; c2. Third piston mechanism; 40. Third piston cylinder; 41. Oscillating float; 42. Fourth piston block; 43. First spherical on-off valve; 44. Second spherical on-off valve; 45. Hemispherical on-off valve; 46. Third cylinder block; 47. Fourth cylinder block; 48. Connecting cavity; 49. Carbon transport pipe; 410. Rock formation; 411. Sedimentary layer; 412. Third piston rod; 413. Check valve; 414. Oil storage tank; 415. Storage tank; 416. Heating station; 417. Downhole safety valve;

[0031] 51. Sea surface; 52. Oil production platform; 53. Derrick; 54. Hemispherical float; 55. Christmas tree; 56. Surface safety valve; 57. Oil production pipe; 58. Tower crane. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] In the field of carbon sequestration technology, considering that most of the earth is covered by the ocean, deep-sea carbon sequestration is the research focus. However, there are many problems in existing deep-sea sequestration solutions, specifically two.

[0034] First, the carbon dioxide in existing deep - sea carbon sequestration solutions is prone to leakage, presenting the problem of unreliable sequestration. This can be shown in the literature "CO2 sequestration in deep sedimentary formations" which points out that for geological sequestration in saline aquifers, the depth of the geological layer is generally above 750 meters, ensuring that the pore pressure in the formation is above the critical pressure of 7.38 MPa to guarantee the stability of sequestration. However, except for the above - mentioned carbon dioxide "EOR (enhanced oil recovery)", most current carbon dioxide sequestrations are basically in saline aquifers. According to the literature "Prediction of CO2 leakage during sequestration into marine sedimentary strata" and "CO2 storage in geological media: Role, means, status and barriers to deployment", due to the high enough temperature in the formation, the carbon dioxide is in a supercritical fluid state, and its density is less than the density of the fluid in the rock pores. Under different pressure, temperature, depth and flow rate conditions, hydrates may float or sink, causing the carbon dioxide to become unstable under the influence of buoyancy and easily float upward. In addition, the patent with the publication number CN114278257A discloses a synchronous device and method for offshore oilfield exploitation and supercritical carbon dioxide sequestration, including an offshore production platform, an oil and gas exploitation system and a carbon dioxide sequestration system. During operation, carbon dioxide sequestration and oil and gas exploitation are carried out simultaneously. Since carbon dioxide may overflow through formation gaps such as faults or fractures, the carbon dioxide sequestration method used in this device has high requirements for the formation. Similar problems exist in many literatures or technologies, that is, when carbon dioxide is sequestered in saline aquifers or faults, carbon dioxide is prone to leak from them, resulting in its return to the atmosphere and the failure to achieve the purpose of effective carbon sequestration.

[0035] Second, existing deep - sea carbon sequestration solutions cannot be carried out through clean and renewable energy, and various non - renewable energies are still wasted when sequestering carbon dioxide. This can be shown in the patent with the publication number CN111075525A which discloses a deep - sea carbon sequestration and power generation system. This system generates electricity from the waste heat of the exhaust gas of a coastal power plant and strips carbon dioxide, applies the stripped carbon dioxide to a sub - sea geothermal Brayton cycle, and finally stores it in a deep - sea sequestration cavity. The wave power generation device in this system provides power for the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor, but the whole system relies on the exhaust gas emitted by coal - fired power plants and other sources, and cannot meet the future deep - sea operation requirements, that is, the existing technology cannot be carried out through clean and renewable energy.

[0036] Therefore, to solve the above problems, the present solution provides a system that combines wave energy utilization and carbon dioxide sequestration technology, including a carbon transport pipe and a carbon dioxide collection device, a carbon dioxide compression device, and a supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device driven by ocean waves. The core idea is to use wave energy, a clean and renewable energy source, for carbon sequestration. That is, the carbon dioxide collection device driven by wave energy is used to collect carbon dioxide. The collected carbon dioxide is compressed by the carbon dioxide compression device driven by wave energy. The compressed carbon dioxide is sent to the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device driven by wave energy to make the carbon dioxide in a supercritical state, and finally, it is transported through the carbon transport pipe to the sediment layer to achieve carbon sequestration. This solves the problem in the prior art that carbon sequestration cannot be achieved through clean and renewable energy sources, and at the same time, it also solves the problem of easy carbon leakage.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , and the preferred embodiment of applying it to the offshore oil production platform 52 will be described below for this solution.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 shown, a carbon dioxide sequestration system and an oil and gas production system are installed on the oil production platform 52. The carbon transport pipe 49 of the carbon dioxide sequestration system and the oil production pipe 57 of the oil and gas production system are both arranged vertically towards the seabed, and the tops of the two pipes are connected to the oil production platform 52. On the sea surface 51 around the oil production platform 52, the components of the carbon dioxide sequestration system are floatingly arranged, and the tops of the components are all connected to the oil production platform 52. Through such a setting, the system for carbon sequestration using wave energy can be utilized in combination with the offshore oil production platform 52, which can not only significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions but also reduce the waves around the ocean platform, providing a stable operating environment and thus increasing the service life of the production platform.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, the carbon dioxide sequestration system includes a carbon transport pipe 49, a carbon dioxide collection device b driven by ocean waves, a carbon dioxide compression device a, and a supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c. The carbon dioxide collection device b is connected to the carbon dioxide compression device a, the carbon dioxide compression device a is connected to the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c, and the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c is connected to the carbon transport pipe 49. The carbon outlet end of the carbon transport pipe 49 is arranged in the sediment layer 411. Through such an arrangement, during the carbon dioxide sequestration process, carbon dioxide is collected by the carbon dioxide collection device b driven by wave energy. The carbon dioxide is converted into high-pressure carbon dioxide by the carbon dioxide compression device a driven by wave energy, and then the high-pressure carbon dioxide is transported to the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c. The supercritical carbon dioxide is transported to the sediment layer 411 with a relatively high reliability through the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c and the transport pipe to complete the sequestration of carbon dioxide, reduce the subsequent maintenance cost, and use clean wave energy to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide and lower the carbon dioxide sequestration cost, solving the problems in the prior art that non-renewable energy is needed to complete carbon sequestration and the sequestration is unreliable.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present application, regarding the above-mentioned carbon dioxide collection device b driven by wave energy, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the carbon dioxide collection device b includes a collection cylinder 39 and an oscillating water column 38. The oscillating water column 38 is connected to the collection cylinder 39, and the collection cylinder 39 is connected to the carbon dioxide compression device a. The oscillating water column 38 has a chamber, and the chamber is at least partially located in the water. Under the action of ocean waves, the oscillating water column 38 compresses and transports the gas in the chamber to the collection cylinder 39. Through such an arrangement, the carbon dioxide collection device b can collect carbon dioxide driven by wave energy.

[0041] It should be noted that the oscillating water column 38 is a device that utilizes the mechanical energy generated by wave motion and converts the mechanical energy into pneumatic energy through the oscillating water column 38. In previous wave energy power generation devices, the oscillating water column 38 generates pneumatic energy by the action of waves, causing the water column to oscillate vertically, thereby generating pneumatic kinetic energy. The pneumatic kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy by a generator and stored in an energy storage device for subsequent use, which is a well-known technology to those skilled in the art. The present invention directly uses the pneumatic energy generated by the oscillating water column 38 to collect carbon dioxide, avoiding energy loss during the conversion of pneumatic energy into electrical energy.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to achieve the function of filtering and purifying carbon dioxide after collection, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, the carbon dioxide collection device b further includes a filtering device 31. The filtering device 31 is disposed between the collection cylinder 39 and the oscillating water column 38, and is in communication with the collection cylinder 39 and the oscillating water column 38 to filter and purify the carbon dioxide therein.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to achieve the preliminary compression function of carbon dioxide, as Figure 6 shown, the carbon dioxide collection device b further includes a first pressure regulating valve 32. The first pressure regulating valve 32 is disposed between the collection cylinder 39 and the oscillating water column 38, and is in communication with the collection cylinder 39 and the oscillating water column 38 to preliminarily pressurize the carbon dioxide and store it in the collection cylinder 39.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to achieve the pressure detection function of carbon dioxide, as Figure 2 and Figure 6 shown, the carbon dioxide collection device b further includes a first pressure gauge 33 and a first pressure sensor 35. The first pressure gauge 33 and the first pressure sensor 35 are in communication with the exhaust valve port of the collection cylinder 39 to detect the pressure condition of the carbon dioxide in the collection cylinder 39. Excessive pressure discharges the excess carbon dioxide to the atmosphere through the first one-way valve 36 and the silencer 37 at the exhaust valve port.

[0045] In the embodiments of the present application, regarding the above-mentioned wave energy-driven carbon dioxide compression device a, please refer to Figures 2 to 5 , the carbon dioxide compression device a includes a first float mechanism a1, a first piston mechanism a2, and a second piston mechanism a3; one end of the first float mechanism a1 is disposed on the water surface, and the other end of the first float mechanism a1 is disposed within the first piston mechanism a2. The first piston mechanism a2 is in communication with the second piston mechanism a3 through an oil inlet pipe 23, a second one-way valve 15, and a second pressure regulating valve 16. The second piston mechanism a3 is in communication with the carbon dioxide collection device b and the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c; under the push of ocean waves, the first float mechanism a1 drives the first piston mechanism a2 to perform a piston motion to press the fluid within the first piston mechanism a2 to the second piston mechanism a3; under the push of the fluid, the second piston mechanism a3 compresses the carbon dioxide introduced from the collection cylinder 39 through a piston motion and transports the carbon dioxide to the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c. Through such a setting, the carbon dioxide compression device a can use wave energy, a clean and renewable energy source, to compress carbon dioxide.

[0046] In the embodiments of the present application, for the first float mechanism a1, as Figures 2 to 5 shown, the float mechanism is arranged annularly around the carbon transport pipe 49 on the sea surface 51. The first float mechanism a1 moves up and down with the waves, thereby driving the first piston mechanism a2 to perform a piston motion and converting wave energy into mechanical energy.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the first float mechanism a1 includes, but is not limited to, a hemispherical float and a heaving float 11. A plurality of hemispherical floats 54 and a plurality of heaving floats 11 are both arranged annularly around the outer periphery of the carbon transport pipe 49, and those skilled in the art can select according to their actual needs.

[0048] Among them, the hemispherical shape is to adapt to the uncertainty of the wave direction and improve the power generation capacity.

[0049] In the embodiments of the present application, for the first piston mechanism a2, as Figures 2 to 5 shown, the first piston mechanism a2 includes a first piston rod 14 and a first piston cylinder 12; the first piston cylinder 12 is communicated with the second piston mechanism a3; a slidable first piston block 13 is arranged in the first piston cylinder 12, the first piston block 13 is fixedly connected with one end of the first piston rod 14, the other end of the first piston rod 14 extends out of the first piston cylinder 12, and the other end of the first piston rod 14 is fixedly connected with the first float mechanism a1; the first piston rod 14 is used for performing piston movement in the first piston cylinder 12 and pressing the fluid to the second piston mechanism a3. Through such a setting, under the push of the first float mechanism a1, the first piston rod 14 performs piston movement and presses the fluid in the first piston cylinder 12 into the second piston mechanism a3, realizing the conversion of mechanical energy and pressure energy.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to realize the oil replenishing function of the first piston mechanism a2, as Figures 2 to 5 shown, the oil replenishing circuit is communicated with the first piston cylinder 12 to ensure that the oil replenishing circuit can replenish oil to the first piston cylinder 12 at any time, so as to avoid adverse phenomena such as vibration, crawling and noise in the hydraulic transmission system.

[0051] Among them, for the working principle of the oil replenishing circuit, when the second pressure sensor 19 measures that the pressure is lower than the normal working pressure of the hydraulic system, the oil replenishing motor 114 is started to drive the gear pump 111 to work for oil replenishing. The hydraulic oil in the first oil tank 113 is transported to the first piston cylinder 12 through the coarse filter 112 and the fine filter 110. On the way, it also passes through the fifth one-way valve 118, and the oil replenishing motor 114 can replenish oil to the oil inlet pipe 23 through the third pressure regulating valve 115, the third one-way valve 117 or the fourth one-way valve 116. When the oil replenishing pressure reaches the normal working pressure of the hydraulic system, the oil replenishing stops; the auxiliary energy recovery accumulator 18 in the oil replenishing circuit plays a role in supplementing oil on the one hand, keeping a certain pressure in the oil replenishing pipeline, so as to prevent impurities or air from infiltrating; at the same time, it can also absorb the vibration of the oil in the hydraulic system, slow down phenomena such as crawling and reduce noise at the same time. The second pressure sensor 19 mainly plays a role in pressure protection, and the second pressure gauge 17 displays the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor.

[0052] In the embodiments of the present application, for the second piston mechanism a3, asFigures 2 to 5 As shown, the second piston mechanism a3 includes a second piston rod 22 and a second piston cylinder 25; the second piston cylinder 25 includes a first cylinder body 29 and a second cylinder body 212 that are not connected to each other, and the diameter of the first cylinder body 29 is greater than that of the second cylinder body 212; the first cylinder body 29 is connected to the first piston mechanism a2, and a slidable second piston block 26 is provided in the first cylinder body 29, and the second piston block 26 is fixedly connected to one end of the second piston rod 22; the second cylinder body 212 is connected to the carbon dioxide collection device b, and a slidable third piston block 210 is provided in the second cylinder body 212, and the third piston block 210 is fixedly connected to the other end of the second piston rod 22; driven by the fluid, the second piston rod 22 is used to perform piston movement in the first cylinder body 29 and the second cylinder body 212 to compress the carbon dioxide in the second cylinder body 212. Through such a setting, the fluid pressed into from the first piston mechanism a2 drives the second piston rod 22 in the first cylinder body 29 to perform piston movement to compress the carbon dioxide in the second cylinder body 212, so that the carbon dioxide changes from a low-pressure state to a high-pressure state and is transported to the high-temperature environment in the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c and turns into a liquid state.

[0053] It should be noted that a stroke-in-place left valve 27 and a stroke-in-place right valve 28 are respectively provided at both ends of the first cylinder body 29, and a fourth pressure regulating valve 216 is connected between the second cylinder body 212 and the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c. The fourth pressure regulating valve 216 is used to discharge the compressed carbon dioxide in the second cylinder body 212 to the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to achieve the purpose that the second piston mechanism a3 can automatically complete the piston movement, such as Figures 2 to 5As shown, the carbon dioxide compression device a further includes a reversing mechanism 24; the first piston mechanism a2 is communicated with the reversing mechanism 24, and the reversing mechanism 24 is communicated with both ends of the first cylinder block 29. The reversing mechanism 24 is used to control the driving direction of the fluid in the first cylinder block 29. Through such a setting, the fluid introduced from the first piston mechanism a2 can be controlled by the reversing mechanism 24 to enter the first cylinder block 29. For example, it first enters the rod section of the first cylinder block 29, pushing the second piston to move left. When the second piston contacts the left valve 27 in place of the stroke, the reversing mechanism 24 reverses, and the hydraulic oil then enters the rodless section of the first cylinder block 29, pushing the third piston to move right and pressurizing the carbon dioxide gas in the second cylinder block 212. The hydraulic oil in the rod section of the first cylinder block 29 is discharged into the second oil tank 214. When the second piston contacts the right valve 28 in place of the stroke, the reversing mechanism 24 reverses again, and the cycle repeats to pressurize the second cylinder block 212 multiple times. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the rodless section of the first cylinder block 29 is discharged into the third oil tank 213 through the reversing mechanism 24. When the pressure reaches the required value, the carbon dioxide compressed multiple times in the second cylinder block 212 is discharged through the fourth pressure regulating valve 216, and then is transported to the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c through the sixth one-way valve 215 for the outlet gas.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, a gas flow meter 217 is provided between the second cylinder block 212 and the collection cylinder 39 to control the mass flow rate of carbon dioxide delivered to the second cylinder block 212 each time. After delivering a certain amount of carbon dioxide each time, the inlet for delivering carbon dioxide to the second cylinder block 212 is then closed until the pressure of the carbon dioxide in the second cylinder block 212 reaches the required value (which can be known from the display of the second pressure gauge 17). The high-pressure carbon dioxide is transported to the storage tank 415, and the inlet for delivering carbon dioxide to the second cylinder block 212 is opened, and the process of delivering a fixed amount of carbon dioxide into the second cylinder block 212 is repeated.

[0056] It should be noted that the above-mentioned fluid includes but is not limited to hydraulic oil, and those skilled in the art can select according to their actual situation.

[0057] During application, when the first float mechanism a1 moves upward, the hydraulic oil in the first piston mechanism a2 enters the oil inlet pipe 23 due to pressure through the second one-way valve 15 and the second pressure regulating valve 16; when the heaving float 11 moves downward, the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber 12 of the driving oil cylinder enters the oil inlet pipe 23 due to pressure through the fourth one-way valve 117 and the second pressure regulating valve 115, and then enters the first cylinder block 29 of the second piston mechanism a3 for piston movement to realize the compression of the carbon dioxide in the second cylinder block 212.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present application, for the above-mentioned wave energy-driven supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c, please refer to Figure 7, the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c includes a storage tank 415, a second float mechanism c1, and a third piston mechanism c2; the storage tank 415 is communicated with the third piston mechanism c2 through a liquid inlet pipe, the storage tank 415 is communicated with the second piston mechanism a3 through a liquid inlet pipe, one end of the second float mechanism c1 is arranged on the water surface, the other end of the second float mechanism c1 is arranged inside the third piston mechanism c2, and the third piston mechanism c2 is communicated with a carbon transport pipe 49; under the push of ocean waves, the second float mechanism c1 drives the third piston mechanism c2 to perform piston motion, and transports the supercritical carbon dioxide inside the third piston mechanism c2 to the carbon transport pipe 49. Through such a setting, the supercritical carbon dioxide driven by wave energy can be pumped to the carbon transport pipe 49 by the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device c and transported to a relatively stable sediment layer 411 in the deep sea through the carbon transport pipe 49.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, for the storage tank 415, as Figure 7 shown, the storage tank 415 is provided with a heating station 416 to ensure that the internal temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank 415 is maintained above 40 °C.

[0060] It should be noted that a filter is provided at the outlet of the storage tank 415 to filter other impurities (such as water); supercritical carbon dioxide will damage the artificial rubber sealing material, so artificial rubber with high hardness (>90) is used for sealing.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, for the second float mechanism c1, as Figure 7 shown, the second float mechanism c1 includes, but is not limited to, an oscillating float 41, and those skilled in the art can select according to their actual needs.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, for the third piston mechanism c2, as Figure 7As shown, the third piston mechanism c2 includes a third piston rod 412, a third piston cylinder 40, a communication cavity 48, a first spherical switch valve 43 and a second spherical switch valve 44; the third piston cylinder 40 includes a third cylinder block 46 and a fourth cylinder block 47 separated by a partition, and the third cylinder block 46 communicates with the fourth cylinder block 47; a slidable fourth piston block 42 is provided in the third cylinder block 46, the fourth piston block 42 is fixedly connected to one end of the third piston rod 412, the other end of the third piston rod 412 extends out of the third cylinder block 46, and the other end of the third piston rod 412 is fixedly connected to the second float mechanism c1; the third cylinder block 46 is connected to the communication cavity 48, the first spherical switch valve 43 is arranged between the communication cavity 48 and the third cylinder block 46, and the first spherical switch valve 43 is used to control the communication and disconnection between the third cylinder block 46 and the communication cavity 48; the fourth cylinder block 47 is connected to the communication cavity 48, the second spherical switch valve 44 is arranged between the communication cavity 48 and the fourth cylinder block 47, and the second spherical switch valve 44 is used to control the communication and disconnection between the fourth cylinder block 47 and the communication cavity 48; the communication cavity 48 communicates with the carbon transport pipe 49; the third piston rod 412 is used to perform piston movement in the third cylinder block 46 to selectively control the opening of the first spherical switch valve 43 or the second spherical switch valve 44, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide in the third cylinder block 46 or the supercritical carbon dioxide in the fourth cylinder block 47 flows into the communication cavity 48. Through such a setting, when the second float mechanism c1 transitions from the wave crest to the wave trough, the third piston rod 412 drives the fourth piston block 42 to move downward. At this time, the first spherical switch valve 43 opens due to suction, the second spherical switch valve 44 closes due to pressure, the left port of the hemispherical switch valve 45 closes, and the right port opens. Supercritical carbon dioxide flows out of the storage tank 415 (the third cylinder block 46 and the fourth cylinder block 47 are already filled with supercritical carbon dioxide), enters the third cylinder block 46 through the liquid inlet pipe. At the same time, under the push of the fourth piston block 42, the supercritical carbon dioxide in the fourth cylinder block 47 flows out through the right port of the hemispherical switch valve 45, and then is transported through the transport pipe to the sediment layer 411 in the deep sea for storage.

[0063] It should be noted that the pipeline material of the transport pipe 49 is carbon steel, and a check valve 413 is provided at the bottom to prevent the backflow of supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 1 , the oil and gas production system includes a semi-submersible drilling and production platform 52, a derrick 53, a tower crane 58, a Christmas tree 55, an oil production pipe 57 and a storage tank 414. The storage tank 414 is arranged on the semi-submersible drilling and production platform 52. The derrick 53 supports the stability of the production platform 52. The oil production pipe 57 is arranged vertically, and the bottom end of the oil production pipe 57 extends deep into the seabed rock formation 410. The top of the oil production pipe 57 is connected to the bottom of the platform and connected to the storage tank 414. A separator is provided at the connection between the upper part of the oil production pipe 57 and the storage tank 414 to separate oil, gas and water. Through such an arrangement, the oil and gas production system can smoothly carry out production.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, the Christmas tree 55 is composed of a casing cross, a casing gate valve, a tubing head, a tubing cross, a master valve, a production valve, a paraffin removal valve and their accessories.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of production pipes 57 are arranged in an annular array around the carbon transport pipe 49, and the surfaces of the plurality of production pipes 57 and the carbon transport pipe 49 are in contact with each other to transfer the heat of the plurality of production pipes 57 to the carbon transport pipe 49, so as to maintain the temperature of the carbon transport pipe 49 and enable carbon dioxide to remain in a supercritical state.

[0067] In addition, the platform is provided with a surface safety valve 56, which is a safety protection device that automatically closes as the control pressure decreases and automatically opens when the control pressure is restored; a downhole safety valve 417 is provided in the production pipe 57 about 100 m from the sea surface. The downhole safety valve 417 operates according to the hydraulic piston principle. The valve is hydraulically opened by the wellhead control panel. As long as there is a certain amount of hydraulic pressure, the valve remains open. The closing method can be remotely actuated or manually operated on the wellhead control panel. The production pipe 57 transports oil from the rock formation 410 to the oil storage tank 415 upward through the production pipe 57. The relatively hot oil can also provide suitable temperature conditions for supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0068] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system combining wave energy utilization and carbon dioxide sequestration technology, characterized in that it includes a carbon transport pipe, a carbon dioxide collection device driven by ocean waves, a carbon dioxide compression device, and a supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device; the carbon dioxide collection device is communicated with the carbon dioxide compression device, the carbon dioxide compression device is communicated with the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device, the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device is communicated with the carbon transport pipe, and the outlet of the carbon transport pipe is arranged in the sediment layer; the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device is used to transport supercritical carbon dioxide to the sediment layer for sequestration through the carbon transport pipe; the carbon dioxide compression device includes a first float mechanism, a first piston mechanism and a second piston mechanism; the other end of the first float mechanism is arranged in the first piston mechanism, the first piston mechanism is communicated with the second piston mechanism, and the carbon dioxide collection device and the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device are communicated through the second piston mechanism; under the push of ocean waves, the first float mechanism drives the first piston mechanism to perform piston movement to press the fluid in the first piston mechanism to the second piston mechanism; under the push of the fluid, the second piston mechanism compresses the carbon dioxide introduced from the collection cylinder through piston movement and transports the carbon dioxide to the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device; the supercritical carbon dioxide pumping device includes a storage tank, a second float mechanism and a third piston mechanism; the storage tank is communicated with the carbon dioxide compression device and the third piston mechanism, the other end of the second float mechanism is arranged in the third piston mechanism, and the third piston mechanism is communicated with the carbon transport pipe; under the push of ocean waves, the second float mechanism drives the third piston mechanism to perform piston movement and transports the supercritical carbon dioxide in the third piston mechanism to the carbon transport pipe.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the carbon dioxide collection device includes a collection cylinder and an oscillating water column; the oscillating water column is communicated with the collection cylinder, and the collection cylinder is communicated with the carbon dioxide compression device; the oscillating water column has a chamber, and at least part of the chamber is located in the water; under the action of ocean waves, the gas in the chamber is compressed and transported to the collection cylinder.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first float mechanism includes a plurality of hemispherical floats and a plurality of heaving floats, and the plurality of hemispherical floats are all arranged annularly around the outer periphery of the carbon transport pipe, and the plurality of heaving floats are all arranged annularly around the outer periphery of the carbon transport pipe.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first piston mechanism includes a first piston rod and a first piston cylinder; the first piston cylinder is communicated with the second piston mechanism; a slidable first piston block is arranged in the first piston cylinder, the first piston block is fixedly connected with one end of the first piston rod, the other end of the first piston rod extends out of the first piston cylinder, and the other end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected with the first float mechanism.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the second piston mechanism includes a second piston rod and a second piston cylinder; the second piston cylinder includes a first cylinder body and a second cylinder body that are not connected to each other, and the diameter of the first cylinder body is greater than the diameter of the second cylinder body; the first cylinder body is connected to the first piston mechanism, and a slidable second piston block is provided in the first cylinder body, and the second piston block is fixedly connected to one end of the second piston rod; the second cylinder body is connected to the carbon dioxide collection device, and a slidable third piston block is provided in the second cylinder body, and the third piston block is fixedly connected to the other end of the second piston rod; driven by the fluid, the second piston rod performs piston movement in the first cylinder body and the second cylinder body to compress the carbon dioxide in the second cylinder body.

6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the carbon dioxide compression device further includes a commutation mechanism; the first piston mechanism is connected to the commutation mechanism, and the commutation mechanism is connected to both ends of the first cylinder body, and the commutation mechanism is used to control the driving direction of the fluid in the first cylinder body.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the third piston mechanism includes a third piston rod, a third piston cylinder, a communication cavity, a first spherical on-off valve and a second spherical on-off valve; the third piston cylinder includes a spaced third cylinder body and a fourth cylinder body, and the third cylinder body is connected to the fourth cylinder body; a slidable fourth piston block is provided in the third cylinder body, the fourth piston block is fixedly connected to one end of the third piston rod, the other end of the third piston rod extends out of the third cylinder body, and the other end of the third piston rod is fixedly connected to the second float mechanism; the third cylinder body is connected to the communication cavity, the first spherical on-off valve is arranged between the communication cavity and the third cylinder body, and the first spherical on-off valve is used to control the connection and disconnection between the third cylinder body and the communication cavity; the fourth cylinder body is connected to the communication cavity, the second spherical on-off valve is arranged between the communication cavity and the fourth cylinder body, and the second spherical on-off valve is used to control the connection and disconnection between the fourth cylinder body and the communication cavity; the communication cavity is connected to the carbon delivery pipe; the third piston rod is used to perform piston movement in the third cylinder body to selectively control the opening of the first spherical on-off valve or the second spherical on-off valve, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide in the third cylinder body or the supercritical carbon dioxide in the fourth cylinder body is delivered into the communication cavity.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein it further includes a plurality of oil production pipes; the plurality of oil production pipes are all arranged annularly around the carbon delivery pipe, and the plurality of oil production pipes are in surface contact with the carbon delivery pipe to transfer the heat on the plurality of oil production pipes to the carbon delivery pipe.

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