A gear box end cover assembling device, assembling process method and gear box

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of gear box end cover assembly device, assembly process method and gear box, assembly device includes workbench, gasket fixing device and observation device, it is provided with the support cylinder that projects upward on the workbench, when installation axle passes through the support cylinder and is supported on the GW side bearing cover end surface of gear box;Gasket fixing device is used to fix the edge of GM side bearing cover with adjusting gasket together during installation, and along with the GM side bearing cover with adjusting gasket and O-shaped sealing ring is installed together and is installed on the gear box;Observation device is installed between the gear box body and GM side bearing cover, to observe whether the device is used as reference to judge O-shaped sealing ring is deformed.The present application can optimize assembly process, ensure gear box bearing play and gear box sealing, greatly improve the assembly quality and assembly efficiency of gear box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gearbox assembly technology, and specifically relates to a gearbox end cover assembly device, assembly process method, and gearbox. Background Technology

[0002] When high-speed trains return to the factory for third, fourth, or fifth-level overhauls, the gearboxes need to be disassembled and inspected. After passing the inspection, the gearbox end covers need to be installed. Since the gearboxes of CRH2 and CRH380A high-speed trains use tapered roller bearings, adjusting shims are needed to adjust the final clearance of the gearbox during assembly. Because the adjusting shims are made of copper and are relatively thin, care must be taken to avoid damaging them during end cover assembly. At the same time, O-rings are installed on the gearbox end covers. The function of these O-rings is to seal the gearbox. Whether the O-rings can be installed properly, whether deformation will occur during installation, and whether the O-rings will break after installation are all crucial factors. Therefore, the assembly of the gearbox end covers plays a critical role in the sealing performance of the gearbox.

[0003] In summary, the assembly state of the gearbox end cover directly determines the bearing clearance and sealing performance of this type of gearbox. Therefore, high-quality assembly of the gearbox end cover directly determines whether the gearbox can operate smoothly. Thus, designing a stable gearbox end cover assembly process and its assembly device plays a decisive role in the safe operation of the gearbox. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first major technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a gearbox end cover assembly device that can optimize the assembly process, ensure the design requirements of gearbox bearing clearance and gearbox sealing, and significantly improve the assembly quality and efficiency of the gearbox.

[0005] The second major technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a gearbox end cover assembly process method using the above-mentioned gearbox end cover assembly device.

[0006] The third main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a gearbox assembled by the above-described gearbox end cover assembly process.

[0007] To achieve the first objective mentioned above, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A gearbox end cover assembly device, comprising:

[0009] The workbench has an upwardly protruding support cylinder. During installation, the axle passes through the support cylinder and is supported on the GW side bearing cover end face of the gearbox.

[0010] The shim fixing device is used to fix the edge of the GM side bearing cover to the adjusting shim during installation, and is installed on the gearbox together with the GM side bearing cover with the adjusting shim and O-ring.

[0011] An observation device is installed between the gearbox housing and the GM side bearing cover. The observation device is used as a reference to determine whether the O-ring seal is deformed.

[0012] Furthermore, the gasket fixing device is an arc-shaped plate structure, and the inner side of the arc-shaped plate structure has an inwardly recessed C-shaped slot. The edge of the GM side bearing cover and the adjusting shim are inserted into the C-shaped slot together after installation.

[0013] Furthermore, the observation device has an arc-shaped plate structure, the inner side of which has an outwardly protruding conical surface. During installation, one side of the arc-shaped plate structure is attached to the surface of the gearbox housing, and the inner surface of the conical surface is attached to the outer ring surface of the gearbox bearing hole.

[0014] Furthermore, a limiting protrusion is provided on the side surface of the observation device away from the gearbox housing, and the limiting protrusion abuts against the outer ring of the flange of the GW side bearing cover during installation.

[0015] To achieve the second objective mentioned above, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0016] A method for assembling a gearbox end cover, using the gearbox end cover assembly device described above, includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. After pre-assembly, the axle gearbox is placed on the gearbox assembly workbench with the GW side of the gearbox facing down and the GM side of the gearbox facing up. The axle passes through the support cylinder on the workbench, and the support cylinder is supported on the bearing cover end face of the GW side of the gearbox.

[0018] S2. Disassemble the GM side bearing cover of the gearbox from the pre-assembled gearbox;

[0019] S3. Install the adjusting shim onto the GM side bearing cover, and use the shim fixing device to fix the adjusting shim to the edge of the GM side bearing cover.

[0020] S4. Install the O-ring onto the GM side bearing cover;

[0021] S5. Install the GM side bearing cover onto the gearbox;

[0022] S6. Install an observation device between the gearbox housing and the GM side bearing cover, and use the observation device to check whether the O-ring seal is deformed;

[0023] S7. After confirming that the O-ring is not deformed, remove the observation device and the gasket fixing device.

[0024] S8. Use mounting bolts to fix the GM side bearing cover to the housing.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S4 above, before installing the O-ring onto the GM side bearing cover, the following steps are also included:

[0026] S41. Select a new O-ring, place the O-ring flat on the workbench, and use a marker to mark four points on the O-ring along the "+" direction.

[0027] S42. Install the O-ring onto the GM side bearing cover, with the marked side facing outwards.

[0028] Furthermore, step S6 specifically includes:

[0029] Insert the observation device between the gearbox housing and the GM side bearing cover, and place one side of the observation device against the surface of the gearbox housing. The operator observes through the gap between the O-ring and the observation device, and judges whether the O-ring is deformed by observing whether the four marked points are on the same plane.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S5 above, before installing the GM side bearing cover into the gearbox, the following steps are also included:

[0031] At least three guide posts are installed in the first mounting hole on the gearbox housing. The guide posts are evenly arranged along the circumference of the bearing cover. The second mounting hole on the GM side bearing cover, which has been fitted with adjusting shims and O-rings, is inserted into the guide posts and then installed into the gearbox along the guide posts.

[0032] Furthermore, in step S8 above, the bolts are tightened by pre-tightening them completely and then tightening them diagonally.

[0033] To achieve the third objective mentioned above, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0034] A gearbox is assembled using the gearbox end cover assembly process described above.

[0035] In summary, the gearbox end cover assembly device, assembly process, and gearbox provided by this invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0036] (1) The present invention optimizes the assembly process of the gearbox end cover. Through the gasket fixing device and the observation device, it can ensure that the gearbox bearing clearance and gearbox sealing meet the design requirements, which greatly improves the assembly quality and assembly efficiency of the gearbox.

[0037] (2) The present invention uses a gasket fixing device to fix the adjusting shim and the bearing cover together during assembly, which can effectively avoid damage to the adjusting shim, the sealing ring, and deformation during the assembly of the end cover, and can ensure the assembly quality. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, as part of this invention, are provided to further illustrate the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. Clearly, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gearbox and bearing end cover assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gearbox end cover assembly workbench structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gasket fixing device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the observation device of the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, GM side bearing cover 1, adjusting shim 2, O-ring seal 3, gearbox 4, axle 5, worktable 6, support cylinder 61, shim fixing device 7, C-shaped slot 71, observation device 8, conical surface 81, side surface 82, side surface 83, limiting protrusion 84, and gripping part 85.

[0044] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a gearbox end cover assembly device for assembling the GM-side (large bearing motor side) bearing cover 1, adjusting shim 2, and O-ring seal 3 together onto the gearbox 4 after the axle 5 has been pre-assembled. Ten or twelve mounting holes (not shown in the figure) are provided around the central bearing hole on the GM-side bearing cover 1, adjusting shim 2, and gearbox 4 housing. Bolts are installed in each mounting hole, and the GM-side bearing cover 1 and adjusting shim 2 are fixedly mounted on the gearbox 4 using multiple bolts.

[0050] In this embodiment, the gearbox end cover assembly device includes a workbench 6, a gasket fixing device 7, and an observation device 8.

[0051] The workbench 6 is used to support the gearbox 4. During assembly, the gearbox 4 is placed on the workbench 6 in a flat position, with the GM side (large bearing motor side) of the gearbox 4 facing upward and the GW side (large bearing wheel side) facing downward.

[0052] The shim fixing device 7 is used to fix the GM side bearing cover 1 and the adjusting shim 2 together during installation, and is installed on the gearbox 4 together with the GM side bearing cover 1, which has the adjusting shim 2 and O-ring seal 3 installed. The shim fixing device 7 serves to fix the adjusting shim 2, preventing the adjusting shim 2 from falling off during the assembly of the GM side bearing cover 1, since the side with the adjusting shim 2 installed is facing down, thus affecting the assembly efficiency and quality.

[0053] The observation device 8 is installed between the gearbox 2 housing and the GM side bearing cover 1. Using the observation device 8 as a reference, it is used to determine whether the O-ring seal 3 is deformed. The observation device 8 serves to assist the operator in observing whether the O-ring seal 3 is deformed.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, preferably, an upwardly protruding support cylinder 61 is provided on the workbench 6. During installation, the axle 5 passes through the support cylinder 61. After installation, the support cylinder 61 supports the end face of the bearing cover (not shown in the figure) on the GW side (large bearing wheel side) of the gearbox 4, thus supporting the gearbox 4. At the same time, the axis of the support cylinder 61 coincides with the axis of the axle 5 and is perpendicular to the ground. Since the gearbox 4 and the axle 5 are relatively heavy, the support cylinder 61 should have a certain wall thickness to ensure sufficient structural strength. To facilitate the insertion of the axle 5 into the support cylinder 61, a tapered guide surface (not shown in the figure) can also be provided on the top inner wall of the support cylinder 61 to guide the installation of the axle 5. During assembly, the axle 5 with gearbox 4 can automatically align itself under its own weight and guided by the tapered guide surface as it is lowered into the support cylinder 61, ensuring a vertical descent. No special skills are required for the operators; hoisting personnel can directly perform gearbox hoisting operations without considering the state of the hoisted workpiece. This reduces the technical requirements and labor intensity for the operators, and helps to improve production efficiency.

[0055] Preferably, in this embodiment, the shim fixing device 7 is an arc-shaped plate structure. The radius of the arc-shaped plate structure matches the radius of the GM side bearing cover 1. The inner surface of the arc-shaped plate structure has an inwardly recessed C-shaped slot 71. After the adjusting shim 2 is fitted onto the GM side bearing cover 1, the edge of the GM side bearing cover 1 and the adjusting shim 2 are inserted together into the C-shaped slot 71. When the GM side bearing cover 1 and the adjusting shim 2 are installed onto the gearbox 4, the shim fixing device 7 can support the adjusting shim 2, effectively preventing the adjusting shim 2 from falling off.

[0056] The length of the shim fixing device 7 should not be too long, as long as it can fix the adjusting shim 2. For example, only 1 / 4 of the circumference of the GM side bearing cover 1 can be selected.

[0057] To avoid damaging the adjusting shim 2 during insertion, the shim fixing device 7 is preferably made of nylon material, and the width of the C-shaped slot 71 is slightly larger than the sum of the edge of the GM side bearing cover 1 and the thickness of the adjusting shim 2.

[0058] In this embodiment, preferably, the observation device 8 also adopts an arc-shaped plate structure. The inner side of the arc-shaped plate structure has an outwardly protruding conical surface 81. During installation, one side 82 of the arc-shaped plate structure is attached to the housing surface of the gearbox 4, and the inner surface of the conical surface 81 is attached to the outer ring surface of the bearing hole of the gearbox 4.

[0059] Furthermore, preferably, a limiting protrusion 84 is provided on the side 83 of the observation device 8 facing away from the gearbox 4 housing, and the limiting protrusion 84 abuts against the outer ring of the flange of the GW side bearing cover 1 during installation.

[0060] Furthermore, preferably, a gripping part 85 is provided protruding outward on the outer side of the observation device 8. The gripping part 85 is a flat plate structure integral with the observation device 8 and has the same thickness as the observation device 8. The operator can grasp the gripping part 85 to pick up and put down the observation device.

[0061] To avoid damage to the adjusting shim 2 and O-ring 3 during insertion, the observation device 8 is preferably made of nylon material.

[0062] The method of using the observation device 8 is as follows: Place the side 82 of the observation device 8 against the surface of the gearbox 4. The installation position of the observation device 8 should avoid the gasket fixing device 7. Before removing the gasket fixing device 7, there is a certain gap between the GM side bearing cover 1 and the gearbox 4, and there will also be a gap between the side 83 of the observation device 8 and the O-ring seal 3. Rotate the observation device 8 around the outer ring of the GM side bearing cover 1. Observe whether the O-ring seal 3 is deformed through the gap between the side 83 of the observation device 8 and the O-ring seal 3. That is, observe the four marked points on the O-ring seal 3 through the gap. If the four marked points are on the same plane, it is determined that the O-ring seal 3 is not deformed. Whether the four marked points are on the same plane can be further determined by observing whether the gap between the side 83 of the observation device 8 and the O-ring seal 3 changes during rotation. If there is no change, it means that the four marked points are on the same plane.

[0063] Example 2:

[0064] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a gearbox end cover assembly process method, which uses the gearbox end cover assembly device described in Embodiment 1 above, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0065] S1. Place the gearbox 4 after pre-assembling the axle 5 onto the gearbox assembly workbench 6, with the GW side (large bearing wheel side) of the gearbox 4 facing down and the GM side (large bearing motor side) of the gearbox facing up. The axle 5 passes through the support cylinder 61 on the workbench 6, and the support cylinder 61 is supported on the GW side bearing cover end face of the gearbox 4. At this time, the adjusting shim 2 and O-ring 3 are not installed on the GM side bearing cover 1.

[0066] S2. Disassemble the GM side bearing cover 1 of gearbox 4 from the pre-assembled gearbox 4.

[0067] S3. After checking that there are no abnormalities in the GM side bearing cover 1 and the outer ring, install the adjusting shim 2 onto the GM side bearing cover 1. Use the shim fixing device 7 to fix the adjusting shim 2 to the edge of the GM side bearing cover 1. In this step, it is necessary to ensure that the mounting holes on the adjusting shim 2 and the mounting holes on the GM side bearing cover 1 are aligned.

[0068] S4. Install the O-ring 3 onto the GM side bearing cover 1.

[0069] S5. Pre-install the GM side bearing cover 1 onto the gearbox 4 from top to bottom.

[0070] S6. Install an observation device 8 between the gearbox 4 housing and the GM side bearing cover 1, and use the observation device 8 to check whether the O-ring seal 3 is deformed.

[0071] S7. After confirming that the O-ring 3 is not deformed, remove the observation device 8 and the gasket fixing device 7.

[0072] S8. Install bolts in the corresponding mounting holes on the gearbox 4, adjusting shim 2 and GM side bearing cover 1 respectively, and fix the GM side bearing cover 1 to the gearbox 4 housing.

[0073] Further preferably, in step S4 above, before installing the O-ring 3 onto the GM side bearing cover 1, the following step is also included:

[0074] S41. Select a new O-ring 3, place the O-ring 3 flat on the workbench 6, and use a marker to mark four points on the O-ring 3 along the "+" direction.

[0075] S42. Install the O-ring 3 onto the GM side bearing cover 1, with the marked side facing outwards (i.e., the side facing the gearbox 4 during installation).

[0076] Further preferred, step S6 specifically includes:

[0077] Insert the observation device 8 between the gearbox 4 housing and the GM side bearing cover 1, and fit one side 82 of the observation device 8 against the surface of the gearbox 4 housing. The operator observes through the gap between the O-ring seal 3 and the observation device 8, and judges whether the O-ring seal 3 is deformed by observing whether the four marked points are on the same plane.

[0078] Further preferably, in step S5 above, before installing the GM side bearing cover 1 to the gearbox 4, the following step is also included:

[0079] At least three guide posts (not shown in the figure) are installed in the mounting holes on the gearbox 4 housing. The guide posts are evenly arranged along the circumference of the bearing cover 1. In this embodiment, it is preferable to evenly arrange three guide posts along the circumference of the bearing cover 1, with the three guide posts arranged at 120°. Insert the guide posts into the mounting holes on the GM side bearing cover 1, which has the adjusting shims 2 and O-rings 3 installed, and install them onto the gearbox 4. After installation, remove the three guide posts from the gearbox 4 and the GM side bearing cover 1.

[0080] In a further preferred embodiment, in step S8 above, all bolts are pre-tightened and then tightened diagonally to complete the fixed connection between the gearbox 4 and the GM side bearing cover 1.

[0081] Example 3:

[0082] This embodiment provides a gearbox, which is assembled using the gearbox end cover assembly process described in Embodiment 2.

[0083] This invention optimizes the assembly process of the gearbox end cover. By using a gasket fixing device and an observation device, it can ensure that the gearbox bearing clearance and gearbox sealing meet the design requirements, thus greatly improving the assembly quality and efficiency of the gearbox.

[0084] This invention uses a shim fixing device to fix the adjusting shim and the bearing cover together during assembly, which can effectively avoid damage to the adjusting shim, seal ring, and deformation during the assembly of the bearing cover, thus ensuring assembly quality.

[0085] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gearbox end cover assembly device, characterized in that, include: The workbench has an upwardly protruding support cylinder. During installation, the axle passes through the support cylinder and is supported on the GW side bearing cover end face of the gearbox. The shim fixing device is used to fix the edge of the GM side bearing cover to the adjusting shim during installation, and is installed on the gearbox together with the GM side bearing cover which is equipped with the adjusting shim and O-ring seal; the observation device is installed between the gearbox housing and the GM side bearing cover, and is used as a reference to determine whether the O-ring seal is deformed. The gasket fixing device is an arc-shaped plate structure. The inner side of the arc-shaped plate structure has an inwardly recessed C-shaped slot. After the edge of the GM side bearing cover and the adjusting shim are installed, they are inserted into the C-shaped slot together.

2. The gearbox end cover assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation device has an arc-shaped plate structure, and the inner side of the arc-shaped plate structure has an outwardly protruding conical surface. When installed, one side of the arc-shaped plate structure is attached to the surface of the gearbox housing, and the inner surface of the conical surface is attached to the outer ring surface of the gearbox bearing hole.

3. The gearbox end cover assembly device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting protrusion is provided on the side surface of the observation device away from the gearbox housing. During installation, the limiting protrusion abuts against the outer ring of the flange of the GW side bearing cover.

4. A method for assembling a gearbox end cover, characterized in that, The gearbox end cover assembly device as described in any one of claims 1-3 specifically includes the following steps: S1. After pre-assembly, the axle gearbox is placed on the gearbox assembly workbench with the GW side of the gearbox facing down and the GM side of the gearbox facing up. The axle passes through the support cylinder on the workbench, and the support cylinder is supported on the bearing cover end face of the GW side of the gearbox. S2. Disassemble the GM side bearing cover of the gearbox from the pre-assembled gearbox; S3. Install the adjusting shim onto the GM side bearing cover, and use the shim fixing device to fix the adjusting shim to the edge of the GM side bearing cover. S4. Install the O-ring onto the GM side bearing cover; S5. Install the GM side bearing cover onto the gearbox; S6. Install an observation device between the gearbox housing and the GM side bearing cover, and use the observation device to check whether the O-ring seal is deformed; S7. After confirming that the O-ring is not deformed, remove the observation device and the gasket fixing device. S8. Use mounting bolts to fix the GM side bearing cover to the housing.

5. The gearbox end cover assembly process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4 above, before installing the O-ring onto the GM side bearing cover, the following steps are also included: S41. Select a new O-ring, place the O-ring flat on the workbench, and use a marker to mark four points on the O-ring along the "+" direction. S42. Install the O-ring onto the GM side bearing cover, with the marked side facing outwards.

6. The gearbox end cover assembly process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The above step S6 specifically includes: Insert the observation device between the gearbox housing and the GM side bearing cover, and place one side of the observation device against the surface of the gearbox housing. The operator observes through the gap between the O-ring and the observation device, and judges whether the O-ring is deformed by observing whether the four marked points are on the same plane.

7. The gearbox end cover assembly process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S5 above, before installing the GM side bearing cover into the gearbox, the following steps are also included: At least three guide posts are installed in the first mounting hole on the gearbox housing. The guide posts are evenly arranged along the circumference of the bearing cover. The second mounting hole on the GM side bearing cover, which has been fitted with adjusting shims and O-rings, is inserted into the guide posts and then installed into the gearbox along the guide posts.

8. The gearbox end cover assembly process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S8 above, the bolts are tightened by pre-tightening them completely and then tightening them diagonally.

9. A gearbox, characterized in that: The gearbox is assembled using the gearbox end cover assembly process as described in any one of claims 4-8.

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