Energy service provider buying and selling energy system, method and storage medium considering energy efficiency-revenue double incentive

Abstract

The application provides a kind of comprehensive energy service provider purchase and sale energy system, method and storage medium considering energy efficiency-benefit double incentive, belongs to comprehensive energy technical field, has constructed the day-ahead interactive response architecture of IESP and multi-energy user, has realized the efficient interaction of IESP and user.The application constructs electrical heat multi-energy user utility model according to the satisfaction, comfort and cost benefit of multi-energy user, considers the transaction data decomposition of IESP and external multi-energy market, establishes IESP purchase and sale energy income model;Then, combined with IESP real-time yield and system comprehensive energy efficiency, construct dynamic incentive factor, redevelop contract price and incentive price, collect energy price data feedback and transfer to upper model.The application can effectively guide user to actively and efficiently participate in comprehensive demand response, help service provider to adjust comprehensive energy system energy supply, improve IESP market competitiveness, improve the income of service provider and the comprehensive utility of user, realize win-win.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of integrated energy technology, and in particular relates to an integrated energy service provider's energy purchase and sale system, method and storage medium that considers both energy efficiency and revenue incentives. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid economic development, energy consumption has generally increased, and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. Finding safe, efficient, low-carbon, and clean energy operation methods and market trading mechanisms, breaking down trading barriers in the traditional energy market, promoting the optimal regulation of various resources, and achieving efficient energy utilization in smart grids have become a focus of global attention.

[0003] Integrated energy systems (IES) that couple electricity, natural gas, and heat have become a key research focus in the energy industry. The integrated energy market (IEM) has also emerged as a result. Integrated energy system providers (IES), as a crucial component of IEMs, can collect data on multiple internal resources through integrated demand response (IDR), coordinating various energy sources to form complementarity and flexibly participating in market transactions. Before participating in IEM transactions, IESPs need to collect and measure their own energy purchase needs. The interaction between IESPs and users manifests as the interaction between retail energy prices and incentive energy prices. Adopting a reasonable demand-side interaction response mechanism can effectively guide users to actively and efficiently participate in IDR, helping IESPs obtain more reasonable energy purchases and thus gain greater market competitiveness when participating in market bidding. To enhance the market competitiveness of IESPs, differentiated services and competitive strategies are crucial for efficient interaction and response between IESPs and users.

[0004] In recent years, significant progress has been made in research on IESP interactive response strategies. Currently, for IESP interactive response strategies considering IDR (Independent Demand Response), domestic and international scholars mostly consider the coupled responses of various resources or quantify the uncertainty of IDR to participate in IES (Environmentally Integrated Systems) optimal scheduling. Some articles have conducted refined modeling of Active Demand Response (ADR) resources included in the dynamic characteristics of residential heat load, proposing a distributed optimal operation method for campus IES suitable for multiple users. Some scholars have considered the stochastic and fuzzy coupling characteristics of IDR user behavior, proposing a user participation evaluation model based on an improved PMV-PPD index, and then proposing an IES optimal scheduling strategy. Numerical examples show that the proposed strategy can effectively cope with load fluctuations caused by IDR. Some studies have established refined models of multi-energy, multi-type demand response considering incentive-based, substitution-based, and price-based models based on real-time pricing mechanisms, proposing IES multi-energy collaborative optimal scheduling strategies that take IDR into account. The above studies mostly consider the response characteristics of IDR users, quantifying user behavior to help IES collaborative optimal scheduling; however, research on the role of demand response types and their response mechanisms in IES is relatively limited.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve the market competitiveness of IESP, analyze and tap user potential, enhance the economic benefits of virtual power plants, and comprehensively adjust IESP pricing strategies to improve its ability to interact efficiently with users are urgent issues to be addressed in the process of formulating reasonable demand response price incentive schemes. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an integrated energy service provider (IESP) energy purchase and sale system, method, and storage medium that considers both energy efficiency and revenue incentives. It constructs a dual dynamic incentive factor combining comprehensive energy efficiency and IESP real-time revenue, which can improve IESP energy purchase and sale revenue while ensuring system efficiency. By rationally formulating and adjusting contract energy price packages and demand response (DR) contract packages, and using contracts to guide users to participate in demand response, it can effectively help IESP participate in the energy purchase market and improve IESP's market competitiveness.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0008] A method for integrated energy service providers to purchase and sell energy, considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives, includes the following process:

[0009] Step 1: The demand response module constructs a multi-energy demand response model for electrical and thermal energy on the user side, obtains the multi-energy response quantity and the actual electrical heat of multi-energy users, and inputs them into the utility module and the dynamic excitation module respectively;

[0010] Step 2: The utility module constructs a utility model for multi-energy users (electricity and heat). After multiple iterations of calculation, the maximum utility of multi-energy users (electricity and heat) is obtained. Then, the actual load demand after the user response is output to the revenue module.

[0011] Step 3: The revenue module constructs the IESP purchase and sale energy revenue model. After multiple iterations of calculation, the maximum IESP purchase and sale energy revenue is obtained. Then, the maximum IESP purchase and sale energy revenue, cost, medium- and long-term market purchase energy, and spot market purchase energy are output to the dynamic incentive module.

[0012] Step 4: The dynamic incentive module combines the data input from the revenue module and the demand response module to calculate the net return rate and comprehensive energy efficiency of IESP, and then constructs a dual dynamic incentive factor;

[0013] Step 5: The dynamic incentive module, based on dual dynamic incentive factors, re-determines the contract price and incentive price, and then determines whether the upper-level electrical and thermal multi-energy user utility model and IESP energy purchase and sale revenue model have reached the optimal level. If so, it outputs the optimal energy purchase and sale scheme, and simultaneously outputs the new contract price and the energy purchased and sold. Otherwise, it collects new energy price data and feeds it back to the upper-level electrical and thermal multi-energy user utility model and IESP energy purchase and sale revenue model, and repeats the process until the optimal energy purchase and sale scheme is obtained.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1, the user-side electrical and thermal multi-energy demand response model is as follows:

[0015] Electrical loads include rigid loads, transferable loads, interruptible loads, and alternative loads; gas loads include rigid loads, interruptible loads, and gas-electric alternative loads; thermal loads include rigid loads, transferable loads, and thermoelectric alternative loads.

[0016] The transferable load is expressed by the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] And it satisfies: , ;

[0019] in, For the first Individual users Time period The displacement amount of the i-th movable load of load class; for The amount of load that can be shifted during a given time period; A value of 1 indicates translation, and a value of 0 indicates no translation; Indicates the initial load period; Indicates the length of the shiftable time period; Indicates the first Individual users Time period The shift amount of the i-th movable load of type load; Indicates the first Individual users Time period The amount of the i-th movable load of load class is moved out; Indicates the first Within a time period Weighting of the amount of load that can be moved during a given time period;

[0020] Transferable loads are expressed by the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, This represents the transferable load during the initial load period. for Load after time-sharing and distributed transfer;

[0023] For interruptible loads, the following conditions must be met:

[0024]

[0025] in, Indicates the first Individual users Time period The amount of the i-th interruptible load in class load; Indicates the first Individual users Time period The upper limit of the i-th interruptible load of the load class;

[0026] For alternative loads, gas-electric alternative loads, and heat-electric alternative loads, in At any given time, the electrical load of a multi-energy user after adjustment by the energy substitution project is expressed as follows:

[0027]

[0028] The adjusted gas load is expressed as follows:

[0029]

[0030] The adjusted heat load is expressed as follows:

[0031]

[0032] in, for Users are constantly replacing electricity with gas for their load; for Users are constantly replacing electrical loads with heat; Indicates the first The electrical load after adjustment for the i-th energy substitution project in time period; Indicates the first The gas load after adjustment for the i-th energy substitution project in time period; Indicates the first The heat load after adjustment for the i-th energy substitution project in time period; The user's electrical load value before participating in the energy substitution project; The user's gas load value before participating in the energy substitution project; The user's heat load value before participating in the energy substitution project; The gas-to-electricity substitution coefficient; The thermal-electric substitution coefficient;

[0033] Therefore, the user's actual battery consumption is:

[0034]

[0035] The user's actual gas volume is:

[0036]

[0037] The user's actual calorie intake is:

[0038]

[0039] in, Indicates the first The transferable load of the i-th user in time period; Indicates the first The gas-electricity substitution load for the i-th user in time period; Indicates the first The heat and power substitution load of the i-th user in the time period; , , These are respectively rigid loads, movable loads, and interruptible loads in electrical loads; , These are respectively rigid loads and interruptible loads within the air load; , These are the rigid load and the transferable load in the heat load, respectively.

[0040] Furthermore, in step 2, the utility model for multi-energy users (electricity and heat) is as follows:

[0041]

[0042]

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] in, The overall utility of the i-th user; User load type; The deviation between the user's response load and the initial load; , These are the coefficients for the comfort function; This represents the actual amount of unresponsive portion of the user's available load. The actual load demand after the user's response; This represents the user's rigid load demand. The constant of the satisfaction function; The price of the signed contract; For users' energy purchase costs; The user's elasticity coefficient; , , All are proportionality coefficients; This is the initial electricity contract amount; For the user's interruptible load response; For the user's movable / transferable load response; For users' gas-electric / thermal-electric alternative load response; To incentivize prices.

[0046] Furthermore, in step 3, the IESP purchase and sale revenue model is as follows:

[0047]

[0048] In the formula, For the first The purchase and sale of each IESP can generate revenue; For energy performance contracts; The actual load demand after the user's response; This will provide purchasing power for the medium- to long-term market. For medium- to long-term market prices; Energy pricing in response to demand; Response volume to user demands; For purchasing power in the spot market; This refers to the purchase price in the spot market.

[0049] Furthermore, in the IESP energy purchase and sale process, the IESP energy conversion module adopts the form of an energy hub to represent the internal equipment conversion of the IESP. After obtaining the user's energy demand, it uses its own equipment to convert energy. The heat load required by the user is provided by the coupled equipment, and it only participates in the electricity-natural gas market for energy purchase. The form of the energy hub is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] In the formula, The conversion efficiency of CHP; The conversion efficiency of the power transformer; For P2G conversion efficiency; For the efficiency of the heat exchanger; , The input power allocation ratio; , The allocation ratio of natural gas; The thermoelectric ratio of CHP; , , These are the actual electricity, gas, and heat load demands of the users after their response; , These are the electricity and gas quantities that IESP needs to purchase, respectively.

[0052] The IESP energy conversion module participates in the medium- and long-term market through contracts. Therefore, the medium- and long-term market price is simplified to a constant, and the spot market price is approximated as a linear function as shown in the following formula:

[0053]

[0054] In the formula, , This represents the spot market price minus the energy coefficient.

[0055] Furthermore, in step 4, the dual dynamic excitation factor is calculated as follows:

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, For the first individual users The excitation factor for the time period; Sigmoid() is a sigmoid function; The allocation coefficient is affected by the incentive factors; and These are the incentive coefficients for the two factors, respectively; , The first Energy efficiency and return on IESP for individual users relative to the system;

[0059] in, , ;

[0060] In the formula, The energy quality coefficient of electrical energy; The energy quality coefficient of natural gas; The energy mass coefficient of thermal energy; The actual amount of electricity used by the user; The actual gas volume for the user; The actual heat generated by the user; , These are the electricity and gas quantities that IESP needs to purchase, respectively. For the first IESP revenue after each user responds to their needs; The cost of IESP after demand response; For IESP's initial revenue; The initial cost of IESP.

[0061] Furthermore, in step 5, the revised contract price is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, The contract price after the response; This is the contract energy price discount factor; This is the initial contract price.

[0064] Furthermore, in step 5, the revised incentive price is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, The incentive price after the response; To incentivize an increase in energy prices; This is the initial incentive price.

[0067] An integrated energy service provider (IESP) energy purchase and sale system considering dual incentives of energy efficiency and revenue, for implementing the aforementioned integrated energy service provider energy purchase and sale method, includes a demand response module, a utility module, a revenue module, a dynamic incentive module, and an IESP energy conversion module. The demand response module is used to establish a multi-energy demand response model for electricity and heat on the user side, obtaining the multi-energy response quantity and the user's actual electricity and heat load. The utility module is used to establish a utility model for multi-energy users (electricity and heat) to obtain the maximum utility of multi-energy users. The revenue module is used to establish an IESP energy purchase and sale revenue model to obtain the maximum revenue from IESP energy purchase and sale. The dynamic incentive module is used to construct dual dynamic incentive factors to guide users in load response and renegotiate contract prices and incentive prices. The IESP energy conversion module is used to convert energy during the energy purchase and sale process using energy conversion equipment owned by the integrated energy service provider to produce electricity, natural gas, and heat.

[0068] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, controls the device containing the storage medium to perform the aforementioned integrated energy service provider energy purchase and sale method considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives.

[0069] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0070] This invention designs a dual dynamic incentive mechanism that simultaneously considers comprehensive energy efficiency and IESP real-time rate of return. Based on the dual dynamic incentive factors, the contract price and incentive price are updated, which can effectively guide users to actively and efficiently participate in comprehensive demand response, help IESP further participate in competitive bidding in the comprehensive energy market, and improve IESP's market competitiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0071] Figure 1 A framework diagram for the day-ahead interaction response strategy between integrated energy service providers and multi-energy users;

[0072] Figure 2 A flowchart for solving the day-ahead interaction response strategy for integrated energy service providers and multi-energy users, considering the dual incentives of energy efficiency and revenue;

[0073] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the electricity load demand of multi-energy users in Example 2;

[0074] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the gas load demand of multi-energy users in Example 2;

[0075] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the heat load demand of multi-energy users in Example 2;

[0076] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the actual electrical load response of a multi-energy user in Scenario 4 of Example 2;

[0077] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the actual electrical load demand after the multi-energy user responds in Scenario 4 of Example 2;

[0078] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the actual gas load demand after the multi-energy user responds in Scenario 4 of Example 2;

[0079] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the actual heat load demand after the multi-energy user response in Scenario 4 of Example 2;

[0080] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the revised contract electricity price under Scenario 4 of Example 2;

[0081] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the revised contract gas price under Scenario 4 of Example 2;

[0082] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the revised contract heat price under Scenario 4 of Example 2;

[0083] Figure 13 The revised DR contract energy price under Scenario 4 of Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0084] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0085] Example 1:

[0086] The integrated energy service provider energy purchase and sale system (hereinafter referred to as the system) considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives as described in this invention includes a demand response module, a utility module, a revenue module, a dynamic incentive module, and an IESP energy conversion module.

[0087] The demand response module is used to establish a multi-energy demand response model for electrical and thermal energy on the user side, and to obtain multi-energy response quantities and actual electrical heat of the user.

[0088] The utility module is used to establish a utility model for multi-energy users (electricity and heat) and obtain the maximum utility of multi-energy users (electricity and heat).

[0089] The revenue module is used to establish the IESP purchase and sale energy revenue model and obtain the maximum revenue from IESP purchase and sale energy.

[0090] The dynamic incentive module is used to construct dual dynamic incentive factors to guide users to make reasonable load responses and revise the contract price (i.e., retail price) and incentive price.

[0091] The IESP energy conversion module converts energy into electricity, natural gas, and heat using energy conversion equipment owned by the integrated energy service provider, such as combined heat and power, gas boilers, and power-to-gas converters.

[0092] Based on the above consideration of the dual incentives of energy efficiency and revenue, the principle of the integrated energy service provider's energy purchase and sale system is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific solution process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following:

[0093] Step 1: The demand response module constructs a multi-energy demand response model for electrical and thermal energy on the user side, obtains the corresponding multi-energy response quantities and the actual electrical heat of the user, and inputs them into the utility module and the dynamic excitation module respectively.

[0094] Multi-energy users have various loads, such as electricity, gas, heat, and cooling. Electric loads are usually divided into three types due to their adjustability: adjustable loads, transferable loads, and loads that can be reduced. Gas loads are usually devices that can convert natural gas into electricity or heat, such as gas stoves and hydrogen-powered vehicles, which have certain interruptible or transferable characteristics. Heat loads are usually electric heating and air conditioning equipment, which have certain reduceable characteristics. Cooling loads are usually generated by electrical equipment. Therefore, the electrical and thermal multi-energy demand response model constructed in this embodiment is as follows:

[0095] Electrical loads include rigid loads Shiftable load Interruptible load Alternative loads Gas load includes rigid load. Interruptible load Gas-electricity replacement load The heat load includes rigid loads. Transferable load Thermoelectric load replacement ;

[0096] The transferable load can be expressed by the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] For loads that can be moved, they can only be transferred once. Therefore, the following provisions apply to loads that can be moved:

[0099] Assuming there are N movable loads, for Time period , ;

[0100] in, For the first Individual users Time period The displacement amount of the i-th movable load of load class; for The load can be shifted within a specific time period; since the load is only shifted once, therefore, for the shiftable time period... Indicates whether to translate. A value of 1 indicates translation, and a value of 0 indicates no translation; Indicates the initial load period; Indicates the length of the shiftable time period; Indicates the first Individual users Time period The shift amount of the i-th movable load of type load; Indicates the first Individual users Time period The amount of the i-th movable load of load class is moved out; Indicates the first Within a time period Weighting of the amount of load that can be moved during a given time period.

[0101] Transferable loads can be expressed by the following formula:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, This represents the transferable load during the initial load period. for Load after time-sharing and distributed transfer.

[0104] For interruptible loads, users must meet a total limit when interrupting or shedding loads. The total interruptible load of a user in a day cannot exceed a certain percentage, as shown in the following formula:

[0105]

[0106] in, Indicates the first Individual users Time period The amount of the i-th interruptible load in class load; Indicates the first Individual users Time period The upper limit of the i-th interruptible load of the load class.

[0107] For alternative loads (including alternative loads) Gas-electricity replacement load Thermoelectric load replacement When users are engaged in production or daily life, they can choose to use gas or heat to replace electrical loads when electricity prices are high. Therefore, the changes in substitutable loads are as follows:

[0108] For multi-functional users, At any given time, the electrical load after adjustment by the energy substitution project is expressed as follows:

[0109]

[0110] The adjusted gas load is expressed as follows:

[0111]

[0112] The adjusted heat load is expressed as follows:

[0113]

[0114] in, for Users are constantly replacing electricity with gas for their load; for Users are constantly replacing electrical loads with heat; Indicates the first The electrical load after adjustment for the i-th energy substitution project in time period; Indicates the first The gas load after adjustment for the i-th energy substitution project in time period; Indicates the first The heat load after adjustment for the i-th energy substitution project in time period; The user's electrical load value before participating in the energy substitution project; The user's gas load value before participating in the energy substitution project; The user's heat load value before participating in the energy substitution project; The gas-to-electricity substitution coefficient; The thermal-electric substitution coefficient;

[0115] Therefore, the user's actual battery consumption is:

[0116]

[0117] The user's actual gas volume is:

[0118]

[0119] The user's actual calorie intake is:

[0120]

[0121] in, Indicates the first The transferable load of the i-th user in time period; Indicates the first The gas-electricity substitution load for the i-th user in time period; Indicates the first The heat and electricity substitution load of the i-th user in the time period.

[0122] Step 2: The utility module constructs a utility model for multi-energy users (electric and thermal) based on information such as user satisfaction, comfort, and cost-benefit. The initial energy price, initial incentive price, DR response boundary, and initial user load are input into the utility model. After multiple iterations, the maximum utility of the multi-energy user (electric and thermal) is obtained. Then, the actual energy consumption of the user, i.e. the actual load demand after the user's response, is output to the revenue module.

[0123] The utility of multi-energy users (electricity and heat) is represented as a weighted sum of user satisfaction, energy purchase contract costs, and comfort losses, as shown below:

[0124]

[0125]

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] in, The overall utility of the i-th user; User load types include electrical, gas, and heat loads; The deviation between the user's response load and the initial load; , These are the comfort function coefficients; Indicates to Integrate points; This represents the actual amount of unresponsive portion of the user's available load. The actual load demand after the user's response; This represents the user's rigid load demand. The constant of the satisfaction function; The price of the signed contract; For users' energy purchase costs; The user's elasticity coefficient; , , All are proportionality coefficients; This is the initial electricity contract amount; For the user's interruptible load response; For the user's movable / transferable load response; For users' gas-electric / thermal-electric alternative load response; To incentivize prices.

[0129] The constraints of the electrical and thermal multi-energy user utility model are as follows:

[0130]

[0131]

[0132]

[0133]

[0134]

[0135]

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] in, The initial contracted electricity volume for the user; , These are respectively shifting the incoming power load and shifting the outgoing power load; This refers to the amount of gas-electric alternative load that users can substitute. The initial gas volume contracted by the user; Heat for the user's initial contract; For the portion of the thermal power load that can be replaced by the user; for The maximum transferable load at any given time; interruptible load The maximum value at any given time; Gas-electric alternative load The maximum value at any given time; for The maximum value of the heat and power substitution load during the time period; For transferable load The maximum value at any given time; For users' movable loads, A positive value indicates translation advance. A negative value indicates a shift out.

[0139] Step 3: The revenue module considers the decomposition of IESP and external multi-energy market transaction data, constructs IESP purchase and sale energy revenue model, obtains the maximum IESP purchase and sale energy revenue through multiple iterations, and then outputs the maximum IESP purchase and sale energy revenue, cost, medium- and long-term market purchase energy, and spot market purchase energy to the dynamic incentive module.

[0140] The IESP purchase and sale revenue model is shown below:

[0141]

[0142] In the formula, For the first The purchase and sale of each IESP can generate revenue; For energy performance contracts; Energy pricing in response to demand; Response volume to user demands; The actual load demand after the user's response; For medium- to long-term market prices; This will provide purchasing power for the medium- to long-term market. For purchasing power in the spot market; The price of energy in the spot market;

[0143] During the IESP energy purchase and sale process, the IESP energy conversion module purchases the required load from the integrated energy market based on the load reported by the user and the corresponding retail price contract signed with the user. The integrated energy market includes the medium- and long-term market and the spot market, and meets the following requirements:

[0144]

[0145]

[0146] In the formula, , These are the electricity and gas quantities that IESP needs to purchase, respectively. , The electricity purchased is allocated to the medium- and long-term market and the spot market, respectively. , These represent the gas purchases allocated to the medium- and long-term market and the spot market, respectively.

[0147] The IESP contains several energy coupling devices. In this embodiment, the IESP energy conversion module represents the internal device conversion in the form of an energy hub. When participating in multi-timescale markets (including medium- and long-term markets and spot markets), considering that the heat market is currently mostly a local market, the IESP energy conversion module, after obtaining the user's energy demand, will utilize the IESP's own equipment to convert energy. The heat load required by the user is provided by the coupling devices, and it only participates in the electricity-natural gas market for energy purchase. In this embodiment, considering that the equipment contained in the IESP includes combined heat and power (CHP), power transformers (T), heat exchangers (HE), and power-to-gas (P2G), the energy hub takes the form shown below:

[0148]

[0149] In the formula, The conversion efficiency of CHP; The conversion efficiency of the power transformer; For P2G conversion efficiency; For the efficiency of the heat exchanger; , The input power allocation ratio; , The allocation ratio of natural gas; The thermoelectric ratio of CHP; , , These represent the actual electricity, gas, and heat load demands of the users after their response.

[0150] When participating in the medium- and long-term market, the IESP energy conversion module assumes a contractual approach, i.e., signing a fixed-price energy purchase contract. Therefore, the medium- and long-term market price is simplified to a constant here. Due to the greater price volatility in the spot market, the spot market price is approximated as a linear function as shown in the following equation:

[0151]

[0152] In the formula, The price of energy in the spot market; Purchase energy for the spot market; , This represents the spot market price minus the energy coefficient.

[0153] The constraints on purchasing power in the spot market and the medium- to long-term market are as follows:

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] In the formula, , These are the upper and lower limits of the purchasing power in the spot market; , This represents the lower and upper limits of purchasing power in the medium- to long-term market.

[0157] Step 4: The dynamic incentive module combines the data input from the revenue module and the actual electrical and heat data of users input from the demand response module to calculate the net return rate of IESP and the overall energy efficiency of the system, and construct a dual dynamic incentive factor;

[0158] When designing incentive factors, the following conditions must be met:

[0159] (1) The incentive factor needs to guide users to make reasonable load responses. The greater the improvement in system energy quality caused by the user's load demand response, the higher the incentive price that the user can obtain; the lower the rate of return of IESP, the lower the incentive price; energy quality is mainly reflected through energy utilization efficiency, that is, energy efficiency and IESP rate of return are positively correlated with the growth of incentive factor.

[0160] (2) The incentive factors need to fluctuate within a reasonable range, and there should be no situation where the incentive is too large or too small at any time;

[0161] The dynamic incentive factor is calculated as follows:

[0162]

[0163]

[0164] In the formula, For the first individual users The activation factor for the time period; Sigmoid() is a sigmoid function, commonly used as the activation function of neural networks, mapping variables to the range of 0 to 1; The distribution coefficient is determined by the influence of incentive factors and ranges from 0 to 1. and These are the incentive coefficients for the two factors, respectively; , The first Energy efficiency and return on IESP for individual users relative to the system;

[0165] in, It is related to the energy-mass coefficient, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0166]

[0167] In the formula, The energy quality coefficient of electrical energy is usually 1; The energy quality coefficient of natural gas is typically between 0.6 and 0.64. The energy mass coefficient of thermal energy is typically between 0.14 and 0.25.

[0168] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0169]

[0170] In the formula, For the first IESP revenue after each user responds to their needs; The cost of IESP after demand response; For IESP's initial revenue; The initial cost of IESP.

[0171] Step 5: Based on the dynamic incentive factors calculated in Step 4, the dynamic incentive module re-determines the contract price and incentive price, and then determines whether the upper-level electrical and thermal multi-energy user utility model and IESP energy purchase and sale revenue model have reached the optimal. If so, the optimal energy purchase and sale scheme is output, which is the integrated energy service provider energy purchase and sale method considering the dual incentive of energy efficiency and revenue described in this embodiment, that is, the day-ahead interaction response strategy between integrated energy service providers and multi-energy users considering the dual incentive of energy efficiency and revenue. At the same time, the new contract price and energy purchase and sale are output. Otherwise, new energy price data is collected and fed back to the upper-level electrical and thermal multi-energy user utility model and IESP energy purchase and sale revenue model, and the cycle is repeated until the optimal energy purchase and sale scheme is obtained.

[0172] The revised contract prices are as follows:

[0173]

[0174] In the formula, The contract price after the response; This is the contract energy price discount factor; The initial contract price; For the first individual users Motivational factors during a given period;

[0175] The revised incentive prices are as follows:

[0176]

[0177] In the formula, The incentive price after the response; To incentivize an increase in energy prices; This is the initial incentive price.

[0178] Example 2:

[0179] This embodiment is based on the MATLAB and GAMS platforms, and is used for simulation and optimization analysis under the WIN10 operating system, i7 CPU, 2.20GHz processor environment.

[0180] In this embodiment, the IESP covers five multi-functional users (user1, user2, user3, user4, and user5), hereinafter referred to as user1, user2, user3, user4, and user5. These five users include one industrial user, two commercial users, and two residential users. The corresponding load demand curves for each multi-functional user are shown below. Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the heat load curves of users 1 and 5, and users 2 and 4 are similar.

[0181] To verify the effectiveness of the method proposed in Example 1, this example sets up the following four scenarios for comparative analysis: Scenario 1: Interaction response under fixed retail price and DR price; Scenario 2: Interaction response under fixed DR price and retail contract using average price function; Scenario 3: Interaction response under dynamic incentive considering only yield; Scenario 4: Interaction response considering dual dynamic incentives of energy efficiency and yield; wherein, the simulation analysis results under Scenario 4 are as follows. Figures 6 to 13 As shown, Figure 6 In this context, P_repeh, P_repeg, P_tlne, P_tle, and P_ile represent thermoelectric replacement load, gas-electric replacement load, outgoing load shifted, incoming load shifted, and interruptible load, respectively. Figure 13 In the table below, IBDR_E, IBDR_G, and IBDR_H represent the revised DR contract electricity price, gas price, and heat price, respectively. The user's overall utility and IESP energy purchase and sale revenue under different scenarios are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, COM represents user comfort, SAT represents user satisfaction, R represents user cost, and OF / (CNY) represents user overall utility.

[0182] Table 1. Overall User Utility and IESP Purchase / Sale Energy Revenue in Different Scenarios

[0183] Scene COM SAT R OF / (CNY) Scene 1 1802.616 5344.162 2244.936 26772.99 Scene 2 1642.842 5616.091 2321.431 28335.54 Scene 3 1615.363 5325.355 2347.47 29533.88 Scene 4 1615.521 5387.523 2519.964 28668.15

[0184] As shown in Table 1, the overall user utility in Scenario 2 is about 3.4% higher than that in Scenario 1, and the revenue of IESP is about 5.84% higher. This is mainly because the retail price in Scenario 2 is relatively flexible and can be adjusted according to changes in revenue and utility. Users will sacrifice some comfort and adjust their elastic load in exchange for higher response revenue to reduce their energy purchase cost. Although user comfort is reduced, user satisfaction is increased by about 5.08%.

[0185] In Scenario 3, the overall user utility increased by approximately 4.56% compared to Scenario 1 and by approximately 1.12% compared to Scenario 2. The IESP's revenue increased by approximately 4.22%. Scenario 3 considered the impact of real-time yield as an incentive factor. Implementing the yield can help the IESP judge the trend of revenue changes at each moment, thereby helping the IESP adjust the contract retail price and thus improve the IESP's revenue. However, considering only the change in yield ignores the overall operation of the system in which the IESP is located, which will lead to a decrease in the energy utilization efficiency of the integrated energy system.

[0186] Scenario 4 considers both the rate of return and the overall energy efficiency of the system. Under Scenario 4, the user's overall utility is 2519.964, which is about 12.24% higher than the user utility under the interactive response strategy without considering the incentive mechanism in Scenario 1, about 8.55% higher than Scenario 2, and about 7.34% higher than Scenario 3. Under Scenario 4, the energy purchase and sale revenue of IESP is 28668.15 yuan, which is about 7.07% higher than the revenue in Scenario 1, 1.17% higher than Scenario 2, but 2.93% lower than Scenario 3. This is mainly to ensure that the energy utilization efficiency of the system is in good condition and to alleviate the low energy efficiency problem caused by IESP energy conversion.

[0187] This demonstrates that the IESP energy purchase and sale method considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives provided in Example 1, namely the IESP interactive response strategy based on a dynamic incentive mechanism, can effectively help IESP improve its own revenue while taking into account user comfort, satisfaction, and other indicators.

[0188] Simulation analysis of Example 2 shows that the dynamic incentive factors designed in this invention can effectively guide users to actively and efficiently participate in integrated demand response, helping IESP adjust the energy supply of the integrated energy system and effectively ensuring that the system's overall energy efficiency remains above 80%. The interactive response strategy provided by this invention can effectively improve IESP's revenue and users' overall utility, increasing revenue by approximately 7.07% and user utility by approximately 12.24% compared to a fixed price, achieving a win-win situation for IESP and users. The dynamic incentive factors, which simultaneously consider overall energy efficiency and IESP's real-time rate of return, can improve IESP's energy purchase and sale revenue while ensuring the system's high efficiency. By reasonably formulating and adjusting contract energy price packages and DR contract packages, and using contracts to guide users to participate in demand response, it can effectively help IESP participate in the market's energy purchase and improve IESP's market competitiveness.

[0189] Example 3:

[0190] This embodiment provides a storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is run by a processor, it controls the device where the storage medium is located to execute the integrated energy service provider's energy purchase and sale method that considers both energy efficiency and revenue incentives as described in Embodiment 1.

[0191] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0192] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0193] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0194] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0195] The embodiments described above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for integrated energy service providers to purchase and sell energy, considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives, characterized in that: The process includes the following: Step 1: The demand response module constructs a multi-energy demand response model for electrical and thermal energy on the user side, obtains the multi-energy response quantity and the actual electrical heat of multi-energy users, and inputs them into the utility module and the dynamic excitation module respectively; Step 2: The utility module constructs a utility model for multi-energy users (electricity and heat). After multiple iterations of calculation, the maximum utility of multi-energy users (electricity and heat) is obtained. Then, the actual load demand after the user response is output to the revenue module. Step 3: The revenue module constructs the IESP energy purchase and sale revenue model. After multiple iterations of calculation, it obtains the maximum revenue of the Integrated Energy Service Provider (IESP) from energy purchase and sale. Then, it outputs the maximum revenue, cost, medium- and long-term market energy purchase, and spot market energy purchase of the Integrated Energy Service Provider (IESP) to the dynamic incentive module. Step 4: The dynamic incentive module combines the data input from the revenue module and the demand response module to calculate the real-time return rate and comprehensive energy efficiency of IESP, and then constructs a dual dynamic incentive factor; Step 5: The dynamic incentive module, based on dual dynamic incentive factors, re-determines the contract price and incentive price, and then determines whether the upper-level electrical and thermal multi-energy user utility model and IESP energy purchase and sale revenue model have reached the optimal. If so, it outputs the optimal energy purchase and sale scheme, and outputs the new contract price and energy purchase and sale. Otherwise, it collects new energy price data and feeds it back to the upper-level electrical and thermal multi-energy user utility model and IESP energy purchase and sale revenue model, and repeats the process until the optimal energy purchase and sale scheme is obtained. In step 1, the user-side electrical and thermal multi-energy demand response model is as follows: Electrical loads include rigid loads, transferable loads, interruptible loads, and alternative loads; gas loads include rigid loads, interruptible loads, and gas-electric alternative loads; thermal loads include rigid loads, transferable loads, and thermoelectric alternative loads. The transferable load is expressed by the following formula: ； And it satisfies: , ; in, For the first Individual users Time period The displacement amount of the i-th movable load of load class; for The amount of load that can be shifted during a given time period; A value of 1 indicates translation, and a value of 0 indicates no translation; Indicates the initial load period; Indicates the length of the shiftable time period; Indicates the first Individual users Time period The shift amount of the i-th movable load of type load; Indicates the first Individual users Time period The amount of the i-th movable load of load class is moved out; Indicates the first Within a time period Weighting of the amount of load that can be moved during a given time period; Transferable loads are expressed by the following formula: ； In the formula, This represents the transferable load during the initial load period. for Load after time-sharing and distributed transfer; For interruptible loads, the following conditions must be met: ； in, Indicates the first Individual users Time period The amount of the i-th interruptible load in class load; Indicates the first Individual users Time period The upper limit of the i-th interruptible load of the load class; For alternative loads, gas-electric alternative loads, and heat-electric alternative loads, in At any given time, the electrical load of a multi-energy user after adjustment by the energy substitution project is expressed as follows: ； The adjusted gas load is expressed as follows: ； The adjusted heat load is expressed as follows: ； in, for Users are constantly replacing electricity with gas for their load; for Users are constantly replacing electrical loads with heat; Indicates the first The electrical load after adjustment for the i-th energy substitution project in time period; Indicates the first The gas load after adjustment for the i-th energy substitution project in time period; Indicates the first The heat load after adjustment for the i-th energy substitution project in time period; The user's electrical load value before participating in the energy substitution project; The user's gas load value before participating in the energy substitution project; The user's heat load value before participating in the energy substitution project; The gas-to-electricity substitution coefficient; The thermal-electric substitution coefficient; Therefore, the user's actual battery consumption is: ； The user's actual gas volume is: ； The user's actual calorie intake is: ； in, Indicates the first The transferable load of the i-th user in time period; Indicates the first The gas-electricity substitution load for the i-th user in time period; Indicates the first The heat and power substitution load of the i-th user in the time period; , , These are respectively rigid loads, movable loads, and interruptible loads in electrical loads; , These are respectively rigid loads and interruptible loads within the air load; , These are the rigid load and the transferable load in the heat load, respectively.

2. The integrated energy service provider's energy purchase and sale method considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the utility model for multi-energy users (electric and thermal) is as follows: ； ； ； ； in, The overall utility of the i-th user; User load type; The deviation between the user's response load and the initial load; , These are the coefficients for the comfort function; This represents the actual amount of unresponsive portion of the user's available load. The actual load demand after the user's response; This represents the user's rigid load demand. The constant of the satisfaction function; The price of the signed contract; For users' energy purchase costs; The user's elasticity coefficient; , , All are proportionality coefficients; This is the initial electricity contract amount; For the user's interruptible load response; For the user's movable / transferable load response; For users' gas-electric / thermal-electric alternative load response; To incentivize prices.

3. The integrated energy service provider energy purchase and sale method considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the IESP purchase and sale revenue model is as follows: ； In the formula, For the first Energy purchase and sale revenue of an integrated energy service provider (IESP); For energy performance contracts; The actual load demand after the user's response; This will provide purchasing power for the medium- to long-term market. For medium- to long-term market prices; Energy pricing in response to demand; Response volume to user demands; For purchasing power in the spot market; This refers to the purchase price in the spot market.

4. The integrated energy service provider's energy purchase and sale method considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In the IESP energy purchase and sale process, the IESP energy conversion module represents the internal equipment conversion in the form of an energy hub. After obtaining the user's energy demand, it uses its own equipment to convert energy. The heat load required by the user is provided by the coupled equipment, and it only participates in the electricity-natural gas market for energy purchase. The form of the energy hub is as follows: ； In the formula, The conversion efficiency of combined heat and power equipment; The conversion efficiency of the power transformer; The conversion efficiency of the electro-gas conversion equipment; For the efficiency of the heat exchanger; , The input power allocation ratio; , The allocation ratio of natural gas; The heat-to-power ratio of a combined heat and power (CHP) device; , , These are the actual electricity, gas, and heat load demands of the users after their response; , These are the electricity and gas volumes that an Integrated Energy Service Provider (IESP) needs to purchase, respectively. The IESP energy conversion module participates in the medium- and long-term market through contracts. Therefore, the medium- and long-term market price is simplified to a constant, and the spot market price is approximated as a linear function as shown in the following formula: ； In the formula, , This represents the spot market price minus the energy coefficient.

5. The integrated energy service provider's energy purchase and sale method considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, the dual dynamic incentive factor is calculated as follows: ； ； In the formula, For the first individual users The excitation factor for the time period; Sigmoid() is a sigmoid function; The allocation coefficient is affected by the incentive factors; and These are the incentive coefficients for the two factors, respectively; , The first Individual user energy efficiency relative to the system and return on investment for integrated energy service providers (IESP); in, , ; In the formula, The energy quality coefficient of electrical energy; The energy quality coefficient of natural gas; The energy mass coefficient of thermal energy; The actual amount of electricity used by the user; The actual gas volume for the user; The actual heat generated by the user; , These are the electricity and gas volumes that an Integrated Energy Service Provider (IESP) needs to purchase, respectively. For the first Revenue of Integrated Energy Service Providers (IESPs) after responding to user demand; Costs for Integrated Energy Services Providers (IESPs) after demand response; For the initial revenue of Integrated Energy Services Providers (IESP); The initial cost for an Integrated Energy Service Provider (IESP).

6. The integrated energy service provider's energy purchase and sale method considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In step 5, the revised contract price is as follows: ； In the formula, The contract price after the response; This is the contract energy price discount factor; This is the initial contract price.

7. The integrated energy service provider's energy purchase and sale method considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In step 5, the revised incentive price is as follows: ； In the formula, The incentive price after the response; To incentivize an increase in energy prices; This is the initial incentive price.

8. A system for implementing the integrated energy service provider energy purchase and sale method considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It includes a demand response module, a utility module, a revenue module, a dynamic incentive module, and an IESP energy conversion module. The demand response module is used to establish a multi-energy demand response model for electricity and heat on the user side, and to obtain the multi-energy response quantity and the actual electricity and heat of users. The utility module is used to establish a utility model for multi-energy users of electricity and heat, and to obtain the maximum utility of multi-energy users of electricity and heat. The revenue module is used to establish an IESP energy purchase and sale revenue model, and to obtain the maximum revenue of IESP energy purchase and sale. The dynamic incentive module is used to construct dual dynamic incentive factors to guide users to respond to load and to renegotiate contract prices and incentive prices. IESP energy conversion modules are used to convert energy into electricity, natural gas, and heat through the energy conversion equipment owned by integrated energy service providers during the energy purchase and sale process.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, controls the device containing the storage medium to perform the integrated energy service provider energy purchase and sale method considering both energy efficiency and revenue incentives as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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