Super-hydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles, and preparation method and application thereof
By preparing superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles and polysulfone composites to form a three-dimensional porous material, the problems of low efficiency and poor stability of existing oil-water separation technologies are solved, achieving efficient and rapid oil-water separation and self-cleaning performance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHEJIANG UNIV OF TECH
- Filing Date
- 2023-02-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing oil-water separation technologies suffer from low efficiency, high cost, and poor mechanical and wetting stability, especially when using two-dimensional porous materials. Furthermore, the poor stability of zeolite imidazolate frameworks hinders their practical application in oil-water separation processes.
Brominated polydopamine nanoparticles were synthesized by electron transfer-atom transfer radical polymerization to prepare superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles, which were then composited with polysulfone to form a three-dimensional porous material with a core-shell structure. The superhydrophobic/superoleophilic three-dimensional porous material was then prepared by salt template method.
It achieves highly efficient oil-water separation performance, with a water contact angle of up to 163° and an oil contact angle of 0° on the material surface. It has excellent oil absorption capacity and self-cleaning properties, can quickly absorb a variety of oils and organic solvents, and maintains good separation performance after multiple cycles of use.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of polymer materials and organic / inorganic composite materials, specifically relating to a superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle and its preparation method. The superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle of this invention can be combined with polysulfone to prepare a three-dimensional porous material for oil-water separation. Background Technology
[0002] Water pollution poses a significant threat to ecosystems and human health. Pollution and human health issues related to groundwater contamination caused by waste oil-water mixtures or oil spills have made oil-water separation technology an increasingly popular research topic in recent years. Traditional oil-water separation methods, such as flocculation, combustion, and skimming, are significantly hampered by their cumbersome oil recovery processes, low separation efficiency, and high costs. Therefore, developing novel oil-water separation methods that can more easily recover waste oil, improve efficiency, and reduce costs has been a focus of extensive research in this field, contributing to the protection of human health and ecosystems and having a profound impact.
[0003] Wang et al. [Wang D, Wang G, Miao X, et al. Separation and Purification Technology, 2022, 1383: 5866.] prepared PDA-SiO2 coatings to modify activated carbon fibers with different hydrophilic / hydrophobic properties using a simple dip-coating method inspired by mussel strategies. These fibers exhibited ultra-high flux and excellent oil-water emulsion separation performance and could be recycled multiple times. Two-dimensional porous materials have been extensively studied, but their mechanical stability, wetting stability, and adsorption kinetics are somewhat limited, hindering their practical application in oil-water separation processes. Three-dimensional (3D) porous materials, due to their low density, large surface area, high porosity, large adsorption capacity, self-supporting structure, and good mechanical properties, are considered one of the most promising oil-water separation materials. Zhang et al. [Zhang Y, Zhang N, Zhou S, et al. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2019, 58(37): 17380-17388.] constructed an oil-water separation system by coating ZIF-67 onto melamine sponge using a simple one-step method. The water contact angle exceeded 140°, and the system exhibited excellent oil adsorption capacity, with a mass adsorption capacity of 79-177 times its own mass. However, the stability of the zeolite imidazolium salt framework (ZIF) itself is poor, and the adsorption capacity decreases after repeated adsorption-desorption experiments.
[0004] This invention addresses the above-mentioned problems by synthesizing hydrophobically modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles via electron transfer-atom transfer radical polymerization. A three-dimensional porous material with superhydrophobic / superoleophilic properties was then prepared using polysulfone via a salt template method. The polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles prepared in this invention have a uniform particle size distribution between 400 and 600 nm and exhibit a distinct core-shell structure. This material possesses good oil absorption and self-cleaning capabilities, excellent stability, and recyclability, making it widely applicable in oil-water separation and waste oil treatment and recycling. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle, its preparation method, and its application. The polysulfone three-dimensional porous material composed of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles of this invention possesses superhydrophobic properties, with a contact angle reaching 163.1°, and exhibits excellent separation performance for different types of oil-water mixtures.
[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
[0007] A superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle, comprising brominated polydopamine nanoparticles as the core and an outer hydrophobic shell; the core particle size is 400-500 nm and the hydrophobic shell thickness is 40-60 nm.
[0008] The structural formula of brominated polydopamine nanoparticles is as follows:
[0009]
[0010] The preparation method of the superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles of the present invention is as follows:
[0011] (1) Preparation of polydopamine particles
[0012] Dopamine was dissolved in an alkaline solution and oxidized and self-polymerized at 20–40°C for 24–30 h. After centrifugation and drying, polydopamine particles with uniform particle size were obtained.
[0013] In step (1), the alkaline solution is one or more of the following: sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, ammonia water, Tris buffer solution, sodium carbonate solution, and sodium bicarbonate solution;
[0014] (2) Preparation of brominated polydopamine particles
[0015] Polydopamine particles were dissolved in a solvent, and triethylamine and 4-dimethylaminopyridine were added. Under inert gas protection, 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out at 20-40°C for 10-12 hours. After centrifugation, washing and drying, brominated polydopamine particles were obtained.
[0016] In step (2), the mass ratio of polydopamine particles to triethylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide is 0.3:3-4:0.6-0.8:1-1.5;
[0017] The solvent is selected from one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dichloromethane, and trichloromethane;
[0018] (3) Preparation of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles
[0019] Brominated polydopamine particles were added to a solvent, ultrasonically dispersed, and then a ligand, L-ascorbic acid, hydrophobic reagent and cuprous bromide were added. The mixture was reacted at 40°C for 4-8 hours under inert gas protection. The reaction solution was then washed with ethanol, filtered, and dried to obtain superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles.
[0020] In step (3), the molar ratio of brominated polydopamine particles to the ligand is 1:0.002 to 0.008;
[0021] The mass ratio of brominated polydopamine particles to L-ascorbic acid, hydrophobic reagent, and cuprous bromide is 1:1.2-1.3:30-50:1.3-1.5;
[0022] The solvent is selected from one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dichloromethane, and trichloromethane;
[0023] The ligand is selected from one or more of pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, tris(2-methylaminoethyl)amine, and hexamethyltriethylenetetramine;
[0024] The hydrophobic reagent is selected from one or more of hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate, and tridecylfluorooctyl methacrylate.
[0025] The superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles described in this invention can be combined with polysulfone to prepare three-dimensional porous oil-water separation materials.
[0026] Therefore, this application also relates to a superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite polysulfone three-dimensional porous material, the preparation method of which is as follows:
[0027] Polysulfone was dissolved in a solvent, and superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles were added. After stirring and mixing, a pore-forming agent was added, and the mixture was stirred and placed in a mold. The mold was cooled and aged at -20℃ for 24 hours. After that, the mold was removed and the pore-forming agent and solvent were removed by placing it in pure water. The mixture was then dried under vacuum to obtain a three-dimensional porous polysulfone material composed of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles.
[0028] The molar ratio of polysulfone to superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles is 1:0.25 to 0.75.
[0029] The mass ratio of polysulfone to pore-forming agent is 1:1.5 to 4;
[0030] The solvent is selected from one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dichloromethane, and trichloromethane;
[0031] The pore-forming agent is one or more of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium carbonate. Before use, the pore-forming agent is treated as follows: the pore-forming agent is ground in a ball mill, and then the ground pore-forming agent is placed in an 80-200 mesh sieve and sieved to obtain the final product.
[0032] The superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite polysulfone three-dimensional porous material described in this invention can be applied to the selective absorption and separation of oil-water mixtures, and can also be applied to the separation of emulsion oil-water mixtures.
[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0034] The superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles provided by this invention have a uniform particle size distribution, with polydopamine as the core and a hydrophobic reagent as the shell. They exhibit excellent oil absorption and self-cleaning capabilities, with almost no decrease in oil absorption capacity after prolonged cycling. The polydopamine particles also possess good adhesion, overcoming the difficulty of poor particle-substrate bonding. Furthermore, the preparation method is highly operable and the raw materials are readily available.
[0035] The superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite polysulfone three-dimensional porous material provided by this invention has the following excellent properties:
[0036] a. The porous material prepared by this invention has a water contact angle of up to 163° and an oil contact angle of 0°, exhibiting superhydrophobic / superoleophilic properties and excellent oil-water separation performance;
[0037] b. The porous material prepared by the present invention has excellent oil absorption capacity. The porous material prepared by the salt template method has low density and high porosity, and can quickly absorb different types of oil and organic solvents.
[0038] c. The porous material prepared by this invention has excellent separation performance and can selectively separate oil-water mixtures and oil-water emulsions;
[0039] d. The porous material prepared by the present invention is recyclable, can be recycled multiple times, and still maintains high oil-water separation performance after multiple cycles;
[0040] e. The porous material prepared by this invention has outstanding self-cleaning properties, and the superhydrophobic properties of the material surface can use water droplets to remove pollutants adsorbed and deposited on the surface. Attached Figure Description
[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process for preparing superhydrophobic polysulfone three-dimensional porous materials based on polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composites.
[0042] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the polydopamine particles in Example 1.
[0043] Figure 3 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the hydrophobically modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles in Example 1.
[0044] Figure 4 This is a transmission electron microscope image of the polydopamine particles in Example 1.
[0045] Figure 5 This is a transmission electron microscope image of the hydrophobically modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles in Example 1.
[0046] Figure 6 These are scanning electron microscope images of a comparative polysulfone three-dimensional porous material at different magnifications.
[0047] Figure 7 These are scanning electron microscope images of the polysulfone three-dimensional porous material composed of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles in Example 1 at different magnifications.
[0048] Figure 8 This is the surface elemental distribution energy spectrum of the polysulfone three-dimensional porous material composed of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles in Example 1.
[0049] Figure 9 The figures show the water contact angles (a) of the comparative polysulfone three-dimensional porous material and (b) of the polysulfone three-dimensional porous material composed of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles in Example 1.
[0050] Figure 10 The oil contact angle (n-hexane) of the polysulfone three-dimensional porous material composed of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles in Example 1. Detailed Implementation
[0051] The present invention is further described below through specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0052] Example 1
[0053] A method for preparing a superhydrophobic polysulfone three-dimensional porous material based on polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite includes the following process steps:
[0054] (1) Preparation of polydopamine particles
[0055] 0.5 g of dopamine was dissolved in 140 mL of 28 wt% ammonia solution and oxidized and self-polymerized at a reaction temperature of 25 °C for 24 h. After centrifugation and drying, polydopamine particles with uniform particle size were obtained.
[0056] (2) Preparation of brominated polydopamine particles
[0057] 0.3 g of polydopamine particles were dissolved in 30 g of dichloromethane. After complete dissolution, 3 g of triethylamine and 0.6 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine were added. The system was thoroughly mixed under argon or nitrogen protection. Finally, 1 g of 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide was slowly added dropwise to the reaction system. The mixture was reacted at 30 °C for 10 h. After centrifugation, washing, and drying, brominated polydopamine particles were obtained.
[0058] (3) Preparation of hydrophobically modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles
[0059] 0.1 g of brominated polydopamine particles were dissolved in 50 g of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent, ultrasonically dispersed, and then 60 μL of pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, 0.12 g of L-ascorbic acid, 4 g of hydrophobic reagent trifluoroethyl methacrylate, and 0.15 g of cuprous bromide were added. The system was reacted at 40 °C for 4 h under argon or nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was then removed, washed with ethanol, filtered, and dried to obtain hydrophobically modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles.
[0060] (4) Preparation of pore-forming agent
[0061] Anhydrous sodium sulfate was ground using a ball mill, and then the ground pore-forming agent was placed into a 200-mesh sieve and sieved.
[0062] (5) Preparation of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite polysulfone three-dimensional porous materials
[0063] 2g of polysulfone (PSF, ULTRASON S 6010, BASF China) was dissolved in 10mL of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent. 0.5g of hydrophobic modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles were added. After thorough stirring, 5g of the pore-forming agent prepared in step (4) was added. After thorough mixing, the mixture was placed in a mold (3cm×3cm) and cooled and aged at -20℃ for 24h. After demolding, the sample was placed in pure water for 12h to remove the pore-forming agent and solvent. After vacuum drying, a superhydrophobic polysulfone three-dimensional porous material based on polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite was obtained.
[0064] Example 2:
[0065] A method for preparing a superhydrophobic polysulfone three-dimensional porous material based on polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite includes the following process steps:
[0066] (1) Preparation of polydopamine particles
[0067] 0.5 g of dopamine was dissolved in 150 mL of 10 mmol / L Tris buffer solution (pH = 8.5), and oxidative self-polymerization was carried out at a reaction temperature of 30 °C for 20 h. After centrifugation and drying, polydopamine particles with uniform particle size were obtained.
[0068] (2) Preparation of brominated polydopamine particles
[0069] 0.3 g of polydopamine particles were dissolved in 40 g of chloroform. After complete dissolution, 3.5 g of triethylamine and 0.7 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine were added. The system was thoroughly mixed under argon or nitrogen protection. Finally, 1.5 g of 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide was slowly added dropwise to the reaction system. The mixture was reacted at 20 °C for 12 h. After centrifugation, washing, and drying, brominated polydopamine particles were obtained.
[0070] (3) Preparation of hydrophobically modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles
[0071] 0.15 g of brominated polydopamine particles were dissolved in 60 g of N,N-dimethylacetamide solvent, ultrasonically dispersed, and then 70 μL of tris(2-methylaminoethyl)amine, 0.20 g of L-ascorbic acid, 5 g of hydrophobic reagent trifluoroethyl methacrylate and 0.2 g of cuprous bromide were added. The system was reacted at 40 °C for 6 h under argon or nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was then removed, washed with ethanol, filtered, and dried to obtain hydrophobically modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles.
[0072] (4) Preparation of pore-forming agent
[0073] Anhydrous sodium carbonate was ground using a ball mill, and then the ground pore-forming agent was placed into a 200-mesh sieve and sieved.
[0074] (5) Preparation of superhydrophobic polysulfone three-dimensional porous materials based on polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composites
[0075] 2g of polysulfone was dissolved in 10mL of N,N-dimethylacetamide, and 0.5g of hydrophobic modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles were added. After stirring thoroughly, 6g of the pore-forming agent prepared in step (4) was added. After stirring thoroughly, the mixture was placed in a mold and cooled and aged at -20℃ for 24h. After demolding, the sample was placed in pure water for 20h to remove the pore-forming agent and solvent. After vacuum drying, a superhydrophobic polysulfone three-dimensional porous material based on polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite was obtained.
[0076] Example 3:
[0077] A method for preparing a superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite polysulfone three-dimensional porous material includes the following process steps:
[0078] (1) Preparation of polydopamine particles
[0079] 0.5 g of dopamine was dissolved in 100 mL of 10 wt% sodium hydroxide solution and oxidized and self-polymerized at a reaction temperature of 35 °C for 30 h. After centrifugation and drying, polydopamine particles with uniform particle size were obtained.
[0080] (2) Preparation of brominated polydopamine particles
[0081] 0.3 g of polydopamine particles were dissolved in 60 g of N,N-dimethylacetamide. After complete dissolution, 4 g of triethylamine and 0.8 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine were added. The system was thoroughly mixed under argon or nitrogen protection. Finally, 1.5 g of 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide was slowly added dropwise to the reaction system. The mixture was reacted at 30 °C for 15 h. After centrifugation, washing, and drying, brominated polydopamine particles were obtained.
[0082] (3) Preparation of hydrophobically modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles
[0083] 0.2 g of brominated polydopamine particles were dissolved in 70 g of N-methylpyrrolidone solvent, ultrasonically dispersed, and then 80 μL of hexamethyltriethylenetetramine, 0.25 g of L-ascorbic acid, 6 g of hydrophobic reagent trifluoroethyl methacrylate and 0.3 g of cuprous bromide were added. The system was reacted at 40 °C for 8 h under argon or nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was then removed, washed with ethanol, filtered, and dried to obtain hydrophobically modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles.
[0084] (4) Preparation of pore-forming agent
[0085] Anhydrous sodium chloride was ground using a ball mill, and then the ground pore-forming agent was placed into a 200-mesh sieve and sieved.
[0086] (5) Preparation of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite polysulfone three-dimensional porous materials
[0087] 2g of polysulfone was dissolved in 10mL of N-methylpyrrolidone solvent, 0.5g of hydrophobic modified polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles were added, and after thorough stirring, 5g of the pore-forming agent prepared in step (4) was added. After thorough mixing, the mixture was placed in a mold and cooled and aged at -20℃ for 24h. After demolding, the sample was placed in pure water for 24h to remove the pore-forming agent and solvent. After vacuum drying, a superhydrophobic polysulfone three-dimensional porous material based on polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite was obtained.
[0088] Comparative Example 1
[0089] A method for preparing polysulfone three-dimensional porous materials includes the following steps:
[0090] (1) Preparation of pore-forming agent
[0091] Anhydrous sodium chloride was ground using a ball mill, and then the ground pore-forming agent was placed into a 200-mesh sieve and sieved.
[0092] (2) Dissolve 2g of polysulfone in 10mL of solvent N,N-dimethylacetamide, add 5g of the pore-forming agent prepared in step (1), stir and mix thoroughly, put it into a mold, and cool and age it at -20℃ for 24h. After removing it from the mold, put the sample into an aqueous solution for 20h to remove the pore-forming agent and solvent. After vacuum drying, the polysulfone three-dimensional porous material is obtained.
[0093] The polysulfone three-dimensional porous material prepared in Comparative Example 1 has a water contact angle between 120° and 130°, such as Figure 6 As shown, the skeleton surface is smooth.
[0094] The comparison of contact angle, porosity, and oil absorption ratio (n-hexane) between Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-3 is shown in the table below.
[0095]
[0096] The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any embodiment that meets the requirements of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle, characterized in that, The superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles have brominated polydopamine nanoparticles as the core and an outer hydrophobic shell; the particle size of the core is 400~500 nm and the thickness of the hydrophobic shell is 40~60 nm. The structural formula of brominated polydopamine nanoparticles is as follows: The preparation method of the superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles is as follows: (1) Preparation of polydopamine particles Dopamine was dissolved in an alkaline solution and oxidized and self-polymerized at 20-40°C for 24-30 h. After centrifugation and drying, polydopamine particles with uniform particle size were obtained. (2) Preparation of brominated polydopamine particles Polydopamine particles were dissolved in a solvent, and triethylamine and 4-dimethylaminopyridine were added. Under inert gas protection, 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out at 20-40℃ for 10-12 h. After centrifugation, washing and drying, brominated polydopamine particles were obtained. (3) Preparation of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles Brominated polydopamine particles were added to a solvent, ultrasonically dispersed, and then a ligand, L-ascorbic acid, hydrophobic reagent and cuprous bromide were added. The mixture was reacted at 40°C for 4-8 h under inert gas protection. The reaction solution was then washed with ethanol, filtered, and dried to obtain superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles. The ligand is selected from one or more of pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, tris(2-methylaminoethyl)amine, and hexamethyltriethylenetetramine; The hydrophobic reagent is selected from one or more of hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate, and tridecylfluorooctyl methacrylate.
2. The superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1) of the preparation method, the alkaline solution is one or more of the following: sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, ammonia water, Tris buffer solution, sodium carbonate solution, and sodium bicarbonate solution.
3. The superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2) of the preparation method, the mass ratio of polydopamine particles to triethylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide is 0.3:3~4:0.6~0.8:1~1.
5.
4. The superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3) of the preparation method, the molar ratio of brominated polydopamine particles to the ligand is 1:0.002~0.
008.
5. The superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3) of the preparation method, the mass ratio of brominated polydopamine particles to L-ascorbic acid, hydrophobic reagent and cuprous bromide is 1:1.2~1.3:30~50:1.3~1.
5.
6. The superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2) or step (3) of the preparation method, the solvent is selected from one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dichloromethane, and trichloromethane.
7. A three-dimensional porous polysulfone material composed of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles, characterized in that, It is prepared by combining the superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles of claim 1 with polysulfone.
8. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite polysulfone three-dimensional porous material as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation method is as follows: Polysulfone was dissolved in a solvent, and superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles were added. After stirring and mixing, a pore-forming agent was added, and the mixture was stirred and placed in a mold. The mold was cooled and aged at -20℃ for 24 h. After that, the mold was removed and the pore-forming agent and solvent were removed by placing it in pure water. The mixture was then dried under vacuum to obtain a three-dimensional porous polysulfone material composed of superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles. The molar ratio of polysulfone to superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles is 1:0.25~0.
75. The mass ratio of polysulfone to pore-forming agent is 1:1.5~4; The solvent is selected from one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dichloromethane, and trichloromethane; The pore-forming agent is one or more of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium carbonate.
9. The application of the superhydrophobic polydopamine core-shell nanoparticle composite polysulfone three-dimensional porous material as described in claim 7 in the selective absorption and separation of oil-water mixtures, or in the separation of emulsion oil-water mixtures.