Self-induction type water-rich tunnel macadam blind ditch dredging system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a self-induction type water-rich tunnel gravel blind ditch dredging system and method, the dredging system comprising a gravel blind ditch drainage system and a water pressure gauge, a dredging pipe, a water pumping and conveying system and a central processing system arranged in the gravel blind ditch; the method comprises the following steps: excavating a side wall gravel blind ditch and arranging the dredging system; judging whether the drainage is unobstructed, and if yes, starting a water pump to fill the water storage tank; judging whether the gravel blind ditch is blocked and which section is blocked; starting a high-pressure water pump of the corresponding section according to the blocked position to realize dredging through high-pressure water; judging whether the drainage is unobstructed, and if yes, ending the high-pressure water dredging; periodically repeating the next cycle. The application can avoid the problem of blockage of the water-rich tunnel drainage system during operation, adopts a full-automatic self-induction type blind ditch dredging system, the water flowing out of the drainage system can be used as the water source for dredging, water circulation in the dredging process is realized, and full-automatic control of the water pumping and conveying system can greatly reduce the dredging cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel waterproofing and drainage construction, and in particular to a self-sensing water-rich tunnel gravel blind ditch desilting system and method. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel construction inevitably involves traversing high-pressure, water-rich strata. When the stratum water pressure is high, conventional blind-pipe drainage systems often fail to meet design requirements, causing water to accumulate behind the lining and potentially damaging the lining. Therefore, when constructing tunnels in high-pressure, water-rich strata, a common method is to excavate a gravel blind ditch at the mid-step outside the primary support. This is achieved by radially drilling drainage holes for external drainage, thereby reducing the water pressure behind the lining. As part of a tunnel's permanent drainage system, gravel blind ditches can become clogged with age and the complexity and diversity of the strata. This can significantly reduce drainage capacity and increase water pressure behind the lining. To address this issue, a simple and efficient gravel blind ditch desilting system for water-rich tunnels has been developed to prevent blockage and the resulting impairment of the drainage system. This system is crucial for maintaining drainage during the operation of high-pressure, water-rich tunnels. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a self-sensing water-rich tunnel gravel blind ditch dredging system and implementation method.

[0004] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A self-sensing water-rich tunnel gravel blind ditch desilting system comprises a gravel blind ditch arranged downward along the step position in the tunnel section, a drainage hole is provided in the radial direction at the top of the gravel blind ditch, and a permeable blind pipe is installed in the drainage hole; the bottom of the gravel blind ditch is connected to the drainage ditch; a steel cage is arranged in the gravel blind ditch, and gravel is filled in the steel cage; a plurality of water pressure gauges are distributed in the gravel blind ditch along the height direction, and the water pressure gauges are electrically connected to the central processing system; the system also comprises a desilting pipe and a water pumping system, the desilting pipe passes through the support structure, one end of the desilting pipe is arranged in the gravel blind ditch, and the other end is arranged in the gravel blind ditch. It is arranged inside the tunnel; the water pumping system includes at least one water pump, multiple high-pressure water pumps and a water tank. The water pump and the high-pressure water pump are electrically connected to the central processing system. The water pump is used to pump water in the drainage ditch at the bottom of the tunnel into the water tank. A second water pressure gauge is provided at the bottom of the water tank; the high-pressure water pump is connected to the water tank and the desilting pipe through the desilting water pipe. The central processing system receives the sensing data of the water pressure gauge and the second water pressure gauge, and controls the opening or closing of the water pump and the high-pressure water pump according to the sensing data.

[0006] Furthermore, the drainage hole is 4m long, 5cm in diameter, and has an angle of 60° with the horizontal plane; the permeable blind pipe is covered with an anti-seepage geotextile.

[0007] Furthermore, a dense steel mesh is laid on the outside of the steel cage, and a geotextile is wrapped on the outside of the steel mesh.

[0008] Furthermore, the diameter of the crushed stone is 2.5 to 5 cm, the surface cleanliness is less than 0.17%, the needle and flake index is less than 20%, and the rock compressive strength in a water-saturated state is not less than 60 MPa.

[0009] Furthermore, water pressure gauges are embedded every 0.5 m inside the gravel blind ditch.

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the silt removal pipe is 3 cm, and the layout spacing is 0.5 m. The silt removal pipe is provided with an electronically controlled water valve at one end inside the tunnel, and an anti-blocking filter is provided at one end located in the gravel blind ditch.

[0011] Furthermore, a self-sensing method for desilting gravel blind ditch in a water-rich tunnel is provided, wherein the specific steps are as follows:

[0012] S1: Excavate the side wall gravel blind ditch and arrange the above-mentioned self-sensing water-rich tunnel gravel blind ditch desilting system;

[0013] S2: Determine whether the drainage is unobstructed based on the water pressure gauge data at the bottom of the gravel blind ditch. If so, the central processing system starts the pump to filter the water in the drainage ditch and pump it into the water storage tank. The second water pressure gauge in the water storage tank determines whether the pumping is finished;

[0014] S3: Regularly read the data of each water pressure gauge in the gravel blind ditch, and the central processing system determines whether the gravel blind ditch is blocked based on the data. If so, further determine which section is blocked;

[0015] S4: The central processing system activates the high-pressure water pump in the corresponding section according to the blockage location, and uses high-pressure water to disperse the silt in the blocked section and flow it out of the gravel blind ditch, completing the dredging;

[0016] S5: judging whether the drainage of the gravel blind ditch is unobstructed by reading the water pressure difference of the water pressure gauge, and if so, ending the high-pressure water desilting;

[0017] S6: The dredging process of the current stage ends, and the process returns to step S2 to repeat the next cycle.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2, the basis for judging whether the drainage is unobstructed is: the difference between the water pressure gauge reading at the bottom and the water pressure gauge reading at the top of the gravel blind ditch. If the difference is less than a preset value, it is determined that the drainage is unobstructed, otherwise it is not unobstructed.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S3, if the drainage is not smooth, the data of each water pressure gauge are compared. If the difference in readings between two adjacent water pressure gauges is greater than a preset value, it can be determined that the section is blocked.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S4, each high-pressure water pump is directly controlled by the central processing system and started individually or simultaneously according to the desilting needs.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention is aimed at water-rich tunnels, and an external drainage system of drain holes + gravel blind ditches is set up, and a fully automatic self-sensing blind ditch dredging system is adopted, which can simply and effectively reduce the external water pressure of the lining. The water flowing out of the drainage system can be used as a water source for dredging, realizing water circulation during the dredging process, which is beneficial to energy conservation and environmental protection. At the same time, the water pumping system is fully automatically controlled by the central processing system, which greatly saves labor costs and realizes intelligent dredging. The present invention has the advantages of simple logic, strong operability, automatic dredging, water resource recycling and obvious dredging effect, which can greatly reduce the dredging cost of the external drainage system of water-rich tunnels during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the dredging system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a detailed structural diagram of the dredging system in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the bottom structure of the water storage tank in the dredging system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the gravel blind ditch in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the steel cage structure.

[0029] Figure 6 4 is an implementation flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0030] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1-gravel blind ditch, 2-drainage hole, 3-rebar cage, 4-wire mesh, 5-gravel, 6-water pressure gauge, 7-central processing system, 8-support structure, 9-dredging pipe, 10-pump, 11-high-pressure water pump, 12-water storage tank, 13-drainage ditch, 14-dredging water pipe, 15-second water pressure gauge, 16-electronically controlled water valve, 31-main reinforcement, 32-stirrups. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application for which protection is claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] A self-sensing water-rich tunnel gravel blind ditch desilting system, comprising a gravel blind ditch 1 arranged downward along the step position in the tunnel section, a drainage hole 2 is provided radially at the top of the gravel blind ditch 1, and a permeable blind pipe is installed in the drainage hole 2; a steel cage 3 is arranged in the gravel blind ditch 1, and a steel mesh 4 and a geotextile are provided on the outer periphery of the steel cage 3 from the inside to the outside, and gravel 5 is filled in the steel cage 3; a plurality of water pressure gauges 6 are distributed in the height direction in the gravel blind ditch 1, and the water pressure gauges 6 are electrically connected to the central processing system 7; a desilting pipe 9 and a water pumping system are also included, the desilting pipe 9 passes through the supporting structure 8, one end of which is arranged in the gravel blind ditch 1, and the other end is arranged inside the tunnel; the water pumping system includes at least A water pump 10, multiple high-pressure water pumps 11, and a water tank 12. The water pump 10 and the high-pressure water pump 11 are electrically connected to the central processing system 7. The water pump 10 is used to pump water in the drainage ditch 13 at the bottom of the tunnel into the water tank 12. A second water pressure gauge 15 is provided at the bottom of the water tank 12; the high-pressure water pump 11 connects the water tank 12 and the desilting pipe 9 through the desilting water pipe 14, and is used to send the water in the water tank 12 into the desilting pipe 9 at high pressure to flush the gravel blind ditch 1; the central processing system 7 receives the sensing data of the water pressure gauge 6 and the second water pressure gauge 15, and controls the water pump 10 and the high-pressure water pump 11 to be turned on or off according to the sensing data.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the gravel blind ditch 1 is in an arc shape, with a preferred size of 0.3m×0.5m (width×depth). The drainage holes 2 are 4m long, with 3 holes drilled at each location, a diameter of 5cm, and an angle of 60° with the horizontal plane. A permeable blind pipe is installed in the drainage hole 2, and the permeable blind pipe is wrapped with an anti-seepage geotextile to reduce the amount of sediment entering the gravel blind ditch 1 and causing blockage. The steel cage 3 is segmented according to the size of the gravel blind ditch 1. A dense steel mesh 4 is laid on the outside of the steel cage 3, and geotextile is wrapped on the outside of the steel mesh 4. Gravel 5 is filled in the steel cage 3. This can prevent the gravel 5 in the steel cage 3 from escaping and scratching the geotextile, and can also reduce the amount of sediment entering the gravel in the steel cage 3 and causing blockage. The steel cage 3 uses 16mm threaded steel bars as the main bars 31, with a spacing of 20cm, and 8mm plain round steel as the stirrups 32, with a spacing of 40cm. The gravel 5 should meet the requirements of a diameter of 2.5 to 5 cm, a surface cleanliness of less than 0.17%, a needle and flake index of less than 20%, and a rock compressive strength of not less than 60 MPa in a water-saturated state. A water pressure gauge 6 is embedded every 0.5 m inside the gravel blind ditch 1, and the water pressure gauge 6 is connected to the central processing system 7 for easy reading and behavior judgment. The desilting pipe 9 has a diameter of 3 cm and a spacing of 0.5 m. Preferably, a PVC pipe is used. An electronically controlled water valve 16 is provided at one end of the desilting pipe 9 located inside the tunnel to facilitate high-pressure water injection and desilting, while preventing water backflow in the gravel blind ditch. An anti-blocking filter is provided at one end of the gravel blind ditch 1. Each of the high-pressure water pumps 11 is directly controlled by the central processing system 7, which is convenient for starting individually or simultaneously according to desilting needs.

[0034] A self-sensing method for desilting gravel blind ditch in water-rich tunnel, the implementation process is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0035] S1: Excavate a blind gravel ditch on the side wall from the step position in the tunnel section and lay out the dredging system.

[0036] Specifically, the gravel blind ditch 1 is in an arc shape, and the preferred size is 0.3m×0.5m (width×depth). The drainage holes 2 are 4m long, with 3 holes drilled at each location, a diameter of 5cm, and an angle of 60° with the horizontal plane; a permeable blind pipe is installed in the drainage hole 2, and the permeable blind pipe is wrapped with an anti-seepage geotextile to reduce the entry of mud and sand into the gravel blind ditch 1 and cause blockage. The steel cage 3 is segmented according to the size of the gravel blind ditch 1, and a dense steel mesh 4 is laid on the outside of the steel cage 3. The outside of the steel mesh 4 is wrapped with geotextile, and the steel cage 3 is filled with gravel 5; this can prevent the gravel 5 in the steel cage 3 from escaping and scratching the geotextile, and can also reduce the silt from entering the gravel of the steel cage 3 and causing blockage. The steel cage 3 uses 16mm threaded steel bars as the main reinforcement 31, with a spacing of 20cm, and 8mm plain round steel as the stirrups 32, with a spacing of 40cm. The gravel 5 should have a diameter of 2.5 to 5 cm, a surface cleanliness of less than 0.17%, a needle and flake index of less than 20%, and a rock compressive strength of not less than 60 MPa in a water-saturated state. Water pressure gauges 6 are embedded every 0.5 m inside the gravel blind ditch 1, and the water pressure gauges 6 are connected to the central processing system 7 for easy reading and behavioral judgment. The desilting pipe 9 has a diameter of 3 cm and is arranged at a spacing of 0.5 m. Preferably, a PVC pipe is used. An electronically controlled water valve 16 is provided at one end of the desilting pipe 9 located inside the tunnel to facilitate high-pressure water injection and desilting, while preventing water backflow in the gravel blind ditch. An anti-blocking filter is provided at one end of the gravel blind ditch 1. Each of the high-pressure water pumps 11 is directly controlled by the central processing system 7, making it easy to start them individually or simultaneously according to desilting needs. The central processing system can be a computer used for data analysis and behavioral decision-making.

[0037] S2: Determine whether drainage is unobstructed based on the water pressure gauge reading at the bottom of the gravel blind ditch. The determination of drainage is based on the difference between the water pressure gauge reading at the bottom and the water pressure gauge reading at the top of the gravel blind ditch. If the difference is less than 30%, drainage is considered unobstructed; otherwise, drainage is considered unobstructed. If drainage is unobstructed, the central processing system activates a pump to filter the water in the drainage ditch and pump it into a water storage tank. A second water pressure gauge in the water storage tank determines whether the water level in the water storage tank has reached the top, thereby determining whether to terminate pumping and providing water for the high-pressure water pump and achieving water recycling.

[0038] S3: Based on S2, if the drainage is not smooth, further collect data from each water pressure gauge for comparison. If the reading difference between two adjacent water pressure gauges is greater than 20%, it can be determined that the section is blocked.

[0039] S4: Based on the identified blockage area, the corresponding high-pressure water pump is activated and the corresponding electronically controlled water valve is opened. Using the water in the water storage tank as the desilting medium, the high-pressure water disperses the silt in the blocked area and flows it out of the gravel blind ditch, completing the desilting process. Each high-pressure water pump is directly controlled by the central processing system and can be activated individually or simultaneously according to desilting needs.

[0040] S5: Determine whether the gravel blind ditch drainage is unobstructed based on the water pressure gauge at the bottom of the gravel blind ditch. If so, close the corresponding high-pressure water pump and electronic water valve to complete the silt removal; if it is still not unobstructed, increase the water pressure and water volume.

[0041] S6: The desilting work at the current stage is completed, and automatic monitoring is carried out every week to determine whether the drainage is unobstructed, and S2 to S5 are repeated.

[0042] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-sensing method for desilting gravel blind ditches in water-rich tunnels, characterized by: It includes a dredging system, which includes a gravel blind ditch set downward along the step position in the tunnel section. The gravel blind ditch is in an arc shape with dimensions of 0.3m wide × 0.5m deep. A drainage hole is provided radially on the top of the gravel blind ditch. The drainage hole is 4m long, 5cm in diameter, and has an angle of 60° with the horizontal plane. A permeable blind pipe is installed in the drainage hole, and the permeable blind pipe is wrapped with an anti-seepage geotextile. The bottom of the gravel blind ditch is connected to the drainage ditch. A steel cage is arranged in the gravel blind ditch, and gravel is filled in the steel cage. A dense steel mesh is arranged on the outside of the steel cage, and geotextile is wrapped on the outside of the steel mesh. A water pressure gauge is pre-buried every 0.5m in the height direction in the gravel blind ditch, and the water pressure gauge is electrically connected to the central processing system. It also includes a dredging pipe and a water pumping system. The dredging pipe passes through the support structure. a structure, one end of which is arranged in a gravel blind ditch and the other end is arranged inside the tunnel; the diameter of the silt removal pipe is 3 cm and the spacing between the silt removal pipes is 0.5 m; an electronically controlled water valve is provided at one end of the silt removal pipe located inside the tunnel, and an anti-blocking filter is provided at one end of the silt removal pipe located in the gravel blind ditch; the water pumping system includes at least one water pump, multiple high-pressure water pumps and a water storage tank; the water pumps and the high-pressure water pumps are electrically connected to the central processing system; the water pumps are used to pump water in the drainage ditch at the bottom of the tunnel into the water storage tank; a second water pressure gauge is provided at the bottom of the water storage tank; the high-pressure water pump is connected to the water storage tank and the silt removal pipe through a silt removal water pipe; the central processing system receives sensing data from the water pressure gauge and the second water pressure gauge, and controls the opening or closing of the water pumps and the high-pressure water pumps according to the sensing data; The specific steps of dredging are as follows: S1: Excavate the side wall gravel blind ditch and lay out the dredging system; S2: Determine whether the drainage is unobstructed based on the water pressure gauge data at the bottom of the gravel blind ditch. If so, the central processing system activates the pump to filter the water in the drainage ditch and pump it into the water storage tank. The second water pressure gauge in the water storage tank determines whether the pumping is complete. The basis for determining whether the drainage is unobstructed is: the difference between the water pressure gauge reading at the bottom of the gravel blind ditch and the water pressure gauge reading at the top. If the difference is less than a preset value, the drainage is considered unobstructed, otherwise it is not. S3: Regularly read the data from each water pressure gauge in the gravel blind ditch. The central processing system determines whether the gravel blind ditch is blocked based on the data. If so, it further determines which section is blocked. The judgment method is: the data from each water pressure gauge are compared. If the difference between the readings of two adjacent water pressure gauges is greater than a preset value, the section is determined to be blocked. S4: The central processing system activates the high-pressure water pump in the corresponding section according to the blockage location, and uses high-pressure water to disperse the silt in the blocked section and flow it out of the gravel blind ditch, completing the dredging; S5: judging whether the drainage of the gravel blind ditch is unobstructed by reading the water pressure difference of the water pressure gauge, and if so, ending the high-pressure water desilting; S6: The dredging process of the current stage ends, and the process returns to step S2 to repeat the next cycle.

2. The self-sensing water-rich tunnel gravel blind ditch desilting method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The diameter of the crushed stone is 2.5-5 cm, the surface cleanliness is less than 0.17%, the needle and flake index is less than 20%, and the rock compressive strength in a water-saturated state is not less than 60 MPa.

3. The self-sensing water-rich tunnel gravel blind ditch desilting method according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S4, each high-pressure water pump is directly controlled by the central processing system and started individually or simultaneously according to the desilting needs.

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