A seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion

Abstract

The application is a seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion. The application relates to the technical field of seawater desalination. The application can recycle and capture CO2 generated in a circulation process, and uses a clean method in the desalination process, does not generate carbon emissions itself, and can fully utilize clean energy such as light energy as one of the energy sources, fully utilizes the waste heat of the whole system, and realizes intelligent heat management of the system. The application can be used to modify and upgrade the traditional seawater desalination project, add a photo-thermal module and a carbon sequestration module for large-scale application, and comprehensively improve the development efficiency of marine resources.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion. BACKGROUND

[0002] Seawater desalination: the commonly used seawater desalination methods currently include a distillation method and a membrane treatment method. The distillation method refers to a method for seawater desalination by using heat energy, including multi-stage flash evaporation, multi-effect evaporation, steam distillation, sea ice desalination method and the like. The membrane treatment method mainly separates salt water to achieve the purpose of seawater desalination by using the selective permeability of the membrane, mainly including a reverse osmosis method and an electrodialysis method.

[0003] At present, the seawater desalination technology using new energy such as solar energy, wind energy, ocean energy and geothermal energy is increasingly improved. The combination of renewable energy and seawater desalination technology brings great economic benefits, but also has instability and is affected by the external environment. The patent uses solar energy as the main energy and waste heat as the auxiliary energy to carry out seawater desalination in a mixed energy supply mode, greatly enhances the stability of the traditional desalination, and improves the energy utilization efficiency.

[0004] Carbon capture technology: the carbon capture technology in the world is mainly applied to the fields of aviation, ships and large factories. These fields generally have single application scenarios, and have not realized multi-stage energy utilization and modularization. The most common carbon capture technology is physical carbon fixation, which is a method for liquefying and separating carbon dioxide from other gases by using the different critical temperatures of the two gases. The method has huge energy consumption, and it is difficult to store the fixed carbon dioxide, and further utilization is required. The electrochemical carbon fixation method has the characteristics of small energy consumption, excellent product quality and easy storage, and is increasingly becoming the only choice for carbon capture. The patent uses seawater and solar energy for electrochemical carbon fixation, and fully utilizes the waste heat, and simultaneously realizes the purpose of seawater desalination, achieves the trinity, and realizes the modular desalination and carbon fixation process. SUMMARY

[0005] The application can recycle and capture CO2 generated in a circulation process, and uses a clean method in the desalination process, does not generate carbon emissions itself, can fully utilize clean energy such as light energy as one of the energies, fully utilizes the waste heat of the whole device, and realizes intelligent heat management of the device.

[0006] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein such as first and second, and the like, is only to distinguish one from another without prejudice to the scope of the embodiments. Also, the use of terms such as including, comprising, or any other variation thereof, is only to encompass the non-exclusive inclusion such that process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises elements not expressly listed is still within the scope of such process, method, article, or apparatus. It is to be understood that the terminology used herein such as first and second, and the like, is only to distinguish one from another without prejudice to the scope of the embodiments. Also, the use of terms such as including, comprising, or any other variation thereof, is only to encompass the non-exclusive inclusion such that process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises elements not expressly listed is still within the scope of such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0007] The application provides a seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion.

[0008] The application provides a seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion.

[0009] A photothermal module, which supplies power to the electrolytic cell and vacuum pump device through photovoltaic power generation and an external power source, enriches the waste heat generated in the photovoltaic panel power generation process and the waste heat generated in the electrolysis process, so that the feed seawater in the desalination chamber is warmed up to provide temperature difference power for membrane distillation, thereby promoting the rapid progress of the desalination process.

[0010] A desalination module, which uses an air gap membrane distillation method to make seawater pass through a hydrophobic membrane under temperature difference power, reduces the consumption of electric energy and fossil energy, and does not produce CO2 in the desalination process.

[0011] An electrolysis module, which converts CO2 in the air into CH4 organic matter through an electrolysis reaction.

[0012] Preferably, the photothermal module comprises a photovoltaic panel, a total power source, a micro vacuum pump, and a heat exchange copper pipe.

[0013] The heat exchange copper pipe is laid flat in the photovoltaic panel, the micro vacuum pump starts to work, the feed seawater flows through the bottom surface of the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel receives solar heat, the seawater absorbs heat along the way, and the effluent seawater flows out.

[0014] Preferably, the desalination module is located below the photothermal module, which can effectively utilize the waste heat while cooling the photothermal module and provide high-concentration raw material liquid for the electrolysis device. The desalination chamber is connected to the photothermal module above and has two outlets below, one for clean water and the other for electrolysis raw material liquid.

[0015] Preferably, seawater at a certain initial temperature enters the membrane distillation desalination chamber, an external power source is started, and the seawater is further heated under the action of the electric heating ceramic sheet to meet the membrane distillation temperature requirement, and the membrane distillation starts.

[0016] Preferably, the main product of membrane distillation is fresh water, and the by-product is concentrated salt water, the former is enriched through the two-chamber desalination chamber, and the latter enters the next step of the electrolysis carbon capture pool as a supplementary raw material for electrolyte.

[0017] Preferably, the electrolysis module comprises three chambers, namely I chamber, II chamber and III chamber.

[0018] The I chamber is connected to the outside through an outlet below the I chamber to realize material exchange, and the I chamber and the II chamber have a hole covered with a cation exchange membrane to realize Na+ exchange.

[0019] The II chamber is connected to the III chamber through a hole in the lower end of the II chamber, and the surface of the hole is covered with an anion exchange membrane to realize CL exchange.

[0020] The III chamber has two external ports, an upper gas outlet connected to the storage chamber to produce carbon fixation products, and a lower waste liquid outlet for subsequent processing.

[0021] Preferably, the electrolysis chambers I and III have two electrodes above the chambers connected to the light and heat module to obtain clean energy, and the surface of the electrodes is covered with nano-copper to further enhance the electrolysis efficiency.

[0022] Preferably, the main product of the electrolysis reaction is CH4, and the by-product is electrolysis waste liquid, which is collected through a gas collection device, and the electrolysis waste liquid is collected and then processed.

[0023] A seawater desalination device, the device is based on a seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion.

[0024] A carbon capture device, the device is based on a seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion.

[0025] The present application has the following advantages:

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0027] The concentrated seawater rich in ions after desalination is used as a supplementary source of electrolyte, providing a relatively stable and efficient reaction environment for the carbon capture link; and the electrolysis reaction can also precipitate some impurities in seawater, to some extent, to purify seawater; solar heat is indispensable in the entire device, which is not only a source of energy, but also can improve the desalination efficiency, and is a "key point". The device can be applied to various small and medium-sized seawater desalination plants in the future, and at the same time, the waste gas discharged by the plant can be captured for carbon, and at the same time, combined with large photovoltaic fields, the desalination efficiency and carbon fixation efficiency will be further improved under the efficient catalysis of photoelectric dual energy.

[0028] The present application reuses waste heat to accelerate the desalination process: through the circulating liquid cooling heat exchanger, the photovoltaic panel is cooled, intelligent effective temperature control can be realized, the seawater after heat absorption provides certain temperature difference power gain for the membrane distillation desalination link, and the by-product concentrated brine can quickly enter the electrolysis module to provide certain initial temperature gain for the electrolysis reaction.

[0029] The application scenarios of the present application are very wide: at present, the present application can be applied to ocean development, can be modified and upgraded to the traditional seawater desalination project, and large-scale application can be added to the light and heat module and the carbon fixation module, and the development efficiency of ocean resources is comprehensively improved. Considering the local environmental differences, other functional ways can be used according to the advantages of each region, such as adding the application of geothermal energy near the equator to further enhance the multi-stage utilization of device energy, or using the height difference as the motive power of the cooling liquid provided by the desalination module to the light and heat module in the rugged scene of the region to reduce energy loss, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or prior art of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a modular schematic diagram;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a general scheme diagram;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a cooling working schematic diagram of the light and heat module;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a membrane distillation desalination method;

[0035] Figure 5 It is an electrolysis design diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the application described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict between them.

[0040] The present application is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Specific embodiment one:

[0042] According to Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the drawings, the specific optimization technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is: the present application relates to a seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion.

[0043] A seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion, the device comprises:

[0044] A photothermal module, the photothermal module supplies power to the electrolytic cell and the vacuum pump device through photovoltaic power generation and an additional power source, the photothermal module enriches the waste heat generated in the photovoltaic panel power generation process and the waste heat generated in the electrolysis process, so that the feed seawater in the desalination chamber is warmed up to provide the temperature difference power for membrane distillation, thereby promoting the rapid progress of the desalination process;

[0045] A desalination module, the desalination module uses air gap membrane distillation method to make seawater pass through hydrophobic membrane under the temperature difference power, reducing the consumption of electric energy and fossil energy, and the desalination process does not produce CO2;

[0046] An electrolysis module, the electrolysis module converts CO2 in the air into CH4 organic matter through electrolysis reaction.

[0047] The light-heat module comprises a photovoltaic panel, a total power supply, a micro vacuum pump and a heat exchange copper pipe.

[0048] The heat exchange copper pipe is laid in the photovoltaic panel, the micro vacuum pump starts to work, the feed seawater flows through the bottom surface of the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel receives solar heat, and the seawater absorbs heat along the way and flows out as the discharged seawater.

[0049] The desalination module is located below the light-heat module, can effectively utilize the waste heat while cooling the light-heat module, and provides high-concentration raw material liquid for the electrolysis device, and is connected with the light-heat module above the desalination chamber and has two outlets below, one being a clean water outlet and the other being an electrolysis raw material liquid outlet.

[0050] The seawater at a certain initial temperature enters the membrane distillation desalination chamber, an external power supply is started, and is further heated under the action of the electric heating ceramic sheet to reach the membrane distillation temperature requirement, and the membrane distillation is started.

[0051] The main product of the membrane distillation is fresh water, and the byproduct is concentrated brine, the former is enriched through the second chamber of the desalination chamber, and the latter enters the next electrolysis carbon capture pool as a supplementary raw material of the electrolyte.

[0052] The electrolysis module comprises three chambers, namely, chamber I, chamber II and chamber III.

[0053] Chamber I has an outlet connected with the outside to realize material exchange, chamber I and chamber II have a hole, the surface of which is covered with a cation exchange membrane to realize Na+ exchange, the front lower end of chamber II is open and connected with the waste liquid outlet of the desalination chamber, and is one of the raw material inlets of the electrolysis chamber, the middle part is divided by a partition, and the upper end is provided with an air inlet connected with chamber III, and is the main source of carbon fixation raw materials;

[0054] The lower end of chamber II is connected with chamber III, and the surface of the hole is covered with an anion exchange membrane to realize CL exchange.

[0055] Chamber III has two external outlets, the upper one being an air outlet connected with the storage chamber to produce carbon fixation products, and the lower one being a waste liquid outlet for subsequent processing.

[0056] Chambers I and III of the electrolysis chamber have two electrodes connected with the light-heat module to obtain clean energy, and the surface of the electrode is covered with nano copper to further enhance the electrolysis efficiency.

[0057] The main product of the electrolysis reaction is CH4, and the byproduct is electrolysis waste liquid, the gaseous product is collected through a gas collection device, and the electrolysis waste liquid is collected and waits for subsequent processing. Specific embodiment two:

[0059] The difference between the embodiment two and the embodiment one of the present application is only that:

[0060] The present application comprises three modules, namely, a light-heat module, a desalination module and an electrolysis module, as shown inFigure 2 The overall scheme diagram is shown.

[0061] Solar thermal module: This module, a crucial component powering the entire system, supplies electricity to the electrolysis module, vacuum pump, and other devices via photovoltaic power generation and external power. Simultaneously, it enriches the waste heat generated during photovoltaic power generation and electrolysis, raising the temperature of the seawater fed into the desalination chamber. This provides the thermal energy difference for membrane distillation, thus accelerating the desalination process. The solar module primarily consists of solar panels and a rechargeable lithium-ion battery. Under good sunlight conditions, the photovoltaic panels store excess energy in the battery, releasing it when sunlight is poor and power generation efficiency is low. A series of semi-tubes swirl beneath the photovoltaic panels for cooling, carrying heat from the panel surface into the desalination module below, thus utilizing waste heat and performing a heat exchange cycle. The working principle of the solar thermal module is as follows: Figure 3 .

[0062] The solar thermal module, located at the top of the device, consists of a photovoltaic panel, an external battery, and a cooling system. The cooling system comprises a series of coils laid flat beneath the photovoltaic panel and connected to the desalination chamber. Under the action of a vacuum pump, the feed seawater flows over the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel, thereby reducing the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel and improving photovoltaic efficiency.

[0063] Desalination Module: This module utilizes air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) method, such as... Figure 4 Membrane distillation desalination is a method that allows seawater to pass through a hydrophobic membrane under the dynamic effect of temperature difference. Compared with traditional desalination methods, it reduces the consumption of electricity and fossil fuels. At the same time, the desalination process does not produce CO2, making it more environmentally friendly.

[0064] Below the solar thermal module is the desalination module, which is mainly divided into two compartments: a cold source compartment and a raw material compartment. The overall length is 400mm, width 100mm, and height 350mm. It effectively utilizes waste heat while cooling the solar thermal module and provides a high-concentration feed solution for the electrolysis unit. The desalination compartment is connected to the solar thermal module at the top and has two outlets at the bottom: one for purified water (entering the second-level storage chamber) and the other for the electrolytic feed solution.

[0065] The entire desalination chamber is located in the middle of the device and is the largest and most efficient. A cold source is located on the left side of the desalination chamber, and a large-area hydrophobic membrane is used in the middle to achieve desalination by utilizing temperature difference. During this stage, the seawater gains a higher temperature as it passes through the photovoltaic panels, increasing the temperature difference between the seawater and the cold source, which significantly improves the desalination efficiency and realizes the utilization of waste heat.

[0066] Electrolysis module: As an important part of carbon capture, the role of this module is to convert CO2 in the air into organic matter such as CH4 through electrolysis reaction. We choose to immerse high-efficiency catalyst oxygen functionalized copper nanoparticles on the surface of the electrode to improve the carbon capture efficiency. At the same time, a porous ceramic filter is installed at the outlet of the electrolysis module to adsorb and filter various ions in the waste liquid, making it easier for further processing. The design of the electrolysis module is as follows Figure 5 .

[0067] The electrolysis module is divided into three chambers, from left to right, I, II, and III. The I chamber has an outlet connected to the outside, enabling material exchange. The I chamber and the II chamber have a hole covered with a cation exchange membrane, enabling Na+ exchange. The II chamber has an opening at the lower front end, connected to the desalination chamber waste liquid outlet, and is one of the raw material inlets for the electrolysis chamber. The middle is separated by a partition, and the upper end has an air inlet connected to the III chamber, which is the main source of carbon fixation raw materials. The lower end of the II chamber is connected to the III chamber, and the hole is covered with an anion exchange membrane to enable CI exchange. The III chamber has two external ports, the upper one being the air outlet connected to the storage chamber, and the lower one being the waste liquid outlet for subsequent processing. The electrolysis chambers I and III have two electrodes connected to the light and heat modules to obtain clean energy. The electrode surface is covered with nano-copper, which can further enhance the electrolysis efficiency. Specific embodiment three:

[0069] (1) (Energy supply link) First, start the photovoltaic power supply device, and supply power to the electrolysis module, vacuum pump, etc. through photovoltaic power generation and external power supply. The device starts.

[0070] (2) The vacuum pump starts to work, and the feed seawater flows through the bottom of the photovoltaic panel to ensure the working efficiency of the photovoltaic elements. This process enriches the waste heat generated during the photovoltaic panel power generation process, thereby warming the feed seawater and providing a certain temperature difference power compensation for the membrane distillation link, achieving waste heat utilization.

[0071] (3) When the light is good, the photovoltaic panel stores excess electricity into the battery; when the light is poor and the power generation efficiency is low, it is released.

[0072] (4) (Desalination link) Seawater with a certain initial temperature enters the membrane distillation desalination chamber, and the external power supply is started. Under the action of the electric heating ceramic sheet, it is further heated to meet the membrane distillation temperature requirement, and the membrane distillation begins.

[0073] (5) The main product of membrane distillation is fresh water, and the byproduct is concentrated brine. The former is enriched in the second chamber of the desalination chamber, and the latter enters the next step of the carbon capture pool as a supplement to the electrolyte, improving the electrolysis efficiency.

[0074] (6) (electrolysis link) distillation by-product - concentrated brine with a certain initial temperature enters the electrolysis module as the basic reaction environment of carbon capture electrolysis, and starts the external power supply, and starts electrolysis with the help of photovoltaic power generation to enrich CO2 in the air.

[0075] (7) The main product of the electrolysis reaction is CH4, and the by-product is electrolysis waste liquid. The gaseous product is collected by a gas collection device, and the electrolysis waste liquid is collected and then processed.

[0076] (8) The device stops working. Specific embodiment four:

[0078] The application provides a seawater desalination device, which is based on a seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion. Specific embodiment five:

[0080] The difference between the tenth embodiment and the ninth embodiment of the application is only that:

[0081] The application provides a carbon capture device, which is based on a seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion.

[0082] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Also, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. In addition, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "N" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited. Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise described herein can be understood as representing a module, fragment or part of code including one or more executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes additional implementations in which the functions can be performed in the order shown or discussed, including in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, which should be understood by the person skilled in the art. The embodiments of the present application. In the flowchart or otherwise described herein, logic and / or steps, for example, can be considered as a list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, which can be embodied in any computer readable medium for use by instruction execution devices, devices or equipment, such as computer based devices, devices including processors or other devices that can take instructions from instruction execution devices, devices or equipment, or in conjunction with these instruction execution devices, devices or equipment. For the purpose of the present specification, "computer readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transport programs for use by instruction execution devices, devices or equipment, or in conjunction with these instruction execution devices, devices or equipment. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer readable medium include the following: electrical connections having one or N wires (electronic devices), portable computer diskette (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable compact disc read only memory (CD ROM).Additionally, a computer readable medium can be paper or other comparable effectively on which the program is printed as there are no media that are not readable by a computer. The program can be electronically stored in the computer memory, for example, as an electronic program, and can be downloaded over a network for further processing. It will be appreciated that portions of the present application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution device. As in another embodiment, if implemented in hardware, any of the following technologies known in the art or their combinations can be used: discrete logic circuit with logic gate circuit for implementing logical functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuit with suitable combination logic gate circuit, programmable gate array (PGA), field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0083] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion, and the protection scope of the seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any technical solution under the same idea belongs to the protection scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and changes without departing from the principles of the present application should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A seawater desalination and carbon capture device based on photoelectric conversion, characterized in that: The device includes: The solar thermal module supplies power to the electrolytic cell and vacuum pump device through photovoltaic power generation and external power supply. The solar thermal module enriches the waste heat generated during the photovoltaic power generation process and the waste heat generated during the electrolysis process, so that the seawater fed into the desalination chamber is heated, providing temperature difference power for membrane distillation, thereby promoting the rapid progress of the desalination process. The desalination module employs air gap membrane distillation, allowing seawater to permeate through a hydrophobic membrane under temperature difference dynamics, reducing the consumption of electrical and fossil energy, while the desalination process does not produce CO2. An electrolysis module that converts CO2 in the air into CH4 organic matter through an electrolysis reaction; The photothermal module includes a photovoltaic panel, a main power supply, a micro vacuum pump, and heat exchange copper tubes; The heat exchange copper tubes are laid flat inside the photovoltaic panel. The micro vacuum pump starts working. The feed seawater flows through the bottom surface of the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel receives solar heat, and the seawater absorbs heat along the way and flows out as discharge seawater. The electrolysis module includes three chambers: chamber I, chamber II, and chamber III. There is an outlet at the bottom of chamber I that connects to the outside world to achieve material exchange. There is a hole between chamber I and chamber II, and the surface is covered with a cation exchange membrane to achieve Na+ interaction. The lower front opening of chamber II is connected to the waste liquid outlet of the desalination chamber and is one of the raw material inlets of the electrolysis chamber. The middle is separated by a partition, and an air inlet is left at the top, which is connected to chamber III and is the main source of raw materials for carbon fixation. The lower end of chamber II is connected to chamber III, and the surface of the pores is covered with an anion exchange membrane to achieve Cl- exchange. Chamber III has two external vents. The upper one is an air outlet connected to the storage chamber, producing carbon-fixing products, while the lower one produces waste liquid for further processing. There are two electrodes above the electrolysis chambers I and III, which are connected to the photothermal module to obtain clean energy. The electrode surface is covered with nano-copper, which can further enhance the electrolysis efficiency. The main product of the electrolysis reaction is CH4, and the byproduct is electrolytic waste liquid. The gaseous products are collected by a gas collection device, and the electrolytic waste liquid is collected and awaits further treatment.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desalination module is located below the photothermal module. It can effectively utilize waste heat while cooling the photothermal module, and provide high-concentration raw material liquid for the electrolysis system. The desalination chamber is connected to the photothermal module at the top and has two outlets at the bottom: one is a purified water outlet and the other is an electrolysis raw material liquid outlet.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: Seawater at a certain initial temperature enters the membrane distillation desalination chamber. An external power supply is activated, and the seawater is further heated by the electric heating ceramic plates until it reaches the required temperature for membrane distillation, thus initiating membrane distillation.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main product of membrane distillation is fresh water, and the byproduct is concentrated brine. The former is enriched through the two chambers of the desalination chamber, while the latter enters the next step of the electrolytic carbon capture tank as a supplementary raw material for the electrolyte.

5. A seawater desalination device, characterized in that, The device is based on the device as described in any one of claims 1-4.

6. A carbon capture device, characterized in that, The device is based on the device as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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