Five-main-arm composite cutter head for shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The application discloses a five-main-arm composite cutter head for a shield tunneling machine and relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machines.The cutter head body is provided with an installation part connected with a cutter head shell.The surface of the cutter head body is provided with five main arms.The surface of each main arm is uniformly provided with normal-pressure cutters from the center to the edge.The outer edge of the main arm is provided with edge-pressure cutters.The cutter head body between adjacent main arms is provided with pressure cutters.The two sides of the main arm are alternately provided with normal-pressure scrapers and pressure scrapers.The normal-pressure cutters and the pressure cutters are simultaneously arranged on the cutter head, so that the distance between the cutters on the cutter head is smaller, the cutter track is more, the rock breaking efficiency of the cutter head is improved, and when the earth covering pressure of the shield tunneling machine is large, the operator does not need to replace the pressure cutters by saturation diving, but only needs to replace the normal-pressure cutters in the normal-pressure state, so that the construction risk of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is reduced, and the safety and the convenience of the construction operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine technology, and specifically discloses a five-main-arm composite cutterhead for tunnel boring machines. Background Technology

[0002] A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is an engineering machine used for underground engineering operations in soft soil and soft-hard rock strata. The cutterhead is the core component of the TBM, its main function being to break, cut, and mix the rock and soil in front of the TBM, and to discharge the excavated soil. The cutterhead is the main carrier of the TBM cutters, and the arrangement and type of the cutters are crucial aspects of the TBM cutterhead design. The cutter arrangement and shape directly affect the TBM's breaking, cutting, excavation, and tunneling speed.

[0003] The invention patent with authorization announcement number CN110985027B discloses a multi-mode shield tunneling machine cutterhead and the shield tunneling machine thereof, including a cutterhead body, an outer ring and a torsion leg base on the cutterhead body, a main beam, a central block and a secondary beam on the cutterhead body, the central block being located in the middle of the cutterhead body, the central block being equipped with a rolling cutter, the central block being connected to the outer ring through the main beam, and the rear of the central block being detachably equipped with a pipeline transition mechanism; the secondary beam being connected to the main beam through the torsion leg base, and the rear of the secondary beam being detachably equipped with a slag chute structure; both the main beam and the secondary beam are equipped with cutting tools.

[0004] The disclosed patented technology describes a tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead body with six main beams, each equipped with pressurized cutterheads. Scrapers are installed on the secondary beams between adjacent main beams. When the TBM with this cutterhead operates in hard rock formations with significant tunnel depth and high pressure, the pressurized cutterheads on the main beams experience substantial wear, requiring personnel to enter the TBM to replace damaged cutterheads. Furthermore, under high overburden pressure, personnel must dive into the TBM, posing a significant safety risk. Additionally, the TBM primarily relies on pressurized cutterheads mounted on the main boom for rock breaking. The sparse arrangement of these cutterheads and limited cutting trajectories restricts the cutterhead's rock-breaking efficiency, thus reducing the TBM's construction speed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problems of high construction risk and low rock-breaking efficiency of tunnel boring machine cutterheads by providing a five-main-arm composite cutterhead for tunnel boring machines.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A five-main-arm composite cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) includes a cutterhead body with a mounting section connected to a cutterhead shell. Five main arms are mounted on the surface of the cutterhead body. Each main arm has atmospheric pressure roller cutters evenly distributed from its center to its edge. Edge-pressurized roller cutters are located at the edges of the cutterhead body on each main arm. Pressurized roller cutters are located on the cutterhead body between adjacent main arms. Atmospheric pressure scrapers and pressurized scrapers are staggered on both sides of each main arm. The five-main-arm composite cutterhead, with atmospheric pressure roller cutters on each main arm and pressurized roller cutters between them, results in a smaller spacing between the roller cutters and more roller trajectories on the TBM cutterhead, improving the rock-breaking efficiency. Furthermore, when the TBM has high overburden pressure, operators do not need to replace the pressurized roller cutters through pressurized entry or saturation diving; replacement can be performed only under atmospheric pressure. This reduces the construction risk of the TBM cutterhead and improves the safety and convenience of construction operations.

[0008] Preferably, the atmospheric pressure hob is installed inside the atmospheric pressure cutter box, which is fitted onto the main arm. The atmospheric pressure cutter box is equipped with a cutter status detector. A cutter protection block is installed on the main arm at the end of the atmospheric pressure cutter box closest to the construction surface. An atmospheric pressure cutter box anti-loosening bolt is installed at the end of the atmospheric pressure cutter box furthest from the construction surface. An atmospheric pressure cutter box loosening sensor is installed inside the anti-loosening bolt. When atmospheric pressure cutterheads are used for rock breaking operations, the cutting edges become dull due to friction between the rock and soil, causing them to lose their original rock-breaking ability. A cutterhead status detector can monitor the rotation status and temperature of the cutterheads. If the detector detects that the cutterheads have stopped rotating and the temperature is high, it indicates that mud cake has formed on the cutterhead surface, requiring timely cleaning by operators, thus ensuring normal operation. Cutterhead protection blocks are installed on both sides of the atmospheric pressure cutterhead box. When the cutterheads are severely worn, these blocks protect the cutterhead box and main boom from wear from the construction face, protecting the shield machine cutterhead's safety. Anti-detachment bolts on the cutterhead box prevent it from detaching from the main boom, ensuring the stability of the cutterhead during operation. When the cutterhead box becomes loose, a loosening sensor can detect the degree of looseness in advance and notify operators of the real-time situation, reducing construction risks.

[0009] Preferably, both the pressure hob and the edge pressure hob are housed within a pressure hob housing, which is fitted onto the cutter head body. The pressure hob housing is equipped with anti-loosening bolts. These anti-loosening bolts ensure the pressure hob housing is securely mounted on the cutter head body, guaranteeing stable operation of both the pressure hob and the edge pressure hob, and preventing safety accidents.

[0010] Preferably, the atmospheric pressure scraper is installed inside the atmospheric pressure scraper rod, which is fitted onto the cutter head body. An anti-loosening bolt is installed at one end of the scraper rod inside the cutter head housing. The atmospheric pressure scraper primarily performs cutting; the anti-loosening bolt ensures the scraper rod is securely mounted on the cutter head body, improving its operational stability.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure scraper is fastened to the scraper base by bolts, and the scraper base is fixedly connected to the cutter head body. Like the atmospheric pressure scraper, the pressure scraper mainly cuts and scrapes slag from the crushed rock. Using bolts to install the pressure scraper on the scraper base improves the stability of the pressure scraper during operation.

[0012] Preferably, the system also includes a central rotating body and a central cone, located on the side of the cutterhead housing facing away from the construction face. The central rotating body includes a rotating arm and a connecting shaft. The rotating arm is installed inside the cutterhead housing, and part of the connecting shaft is located inside the central cone, while the other part is located outside the central cone. The end of the connecting shaft located inside the central cone is connected to the rotating arm. During the tunnel boring machine's construction, the cutterhead housing rotates, and the rotating arm of the central rotating body can rotate with the cutterhead housing. The connecting shaft connected to the rotating arm remains stationary with the central cone. When it is necessary to replace the atmospheric pressure cutterhead, the operator can enter the cavity communicating with the atmospheric pressure cutterhead through the central cone to replace the cutterhead under atmospheric pressure, reducing operational risks and providing convenience for the operator.

[0013] Preferably, the central rotating body has a hollow structure, with a first pipeline interface at the end of the rotating arm and a second pipeline interface at the end of the connecting shaft outside the central cone. The grout inlet pipeline, which communicates with the tunnel boring machine (TBM), is connected to the second pipeline interface, flows through the central rotating body, and exits through the first pipeline interface. By using a hollow central rotating body, the grout inlet interface of the TBM's grout inlet pipeline can be simplified, and the central rotating body makes the fixing and installation of the grout inlet pipeline more convenient, simplifying the overall structure of the TBM and saving assembly time.

[0014] Preferably, a drive motor is arranged around the central cone, and a personnel compartment is arranged around the drive motor, which is connected to the excavation chamber. The drive motor is the center of the shield machine's power output, directly driving the shield machine's cutterhead to rotate; when it is necessary to replace the pressurized cutterhead, the operators can enter the excavation chamber through the personnel compartment, which provides convenience for the operators to replace the pressurized cutterhead.

[0015] Preferably, the cutterhead body has a through-hole for the pipe. The slurry inlet pipe can pass through the through-hole in the cutterhead body to inject slurry onto the outer panel of the cutterhead body. This allows the slurry to wash over the cutterhead panel, effectively preventing mud cake from forming on the cutterhead body and improving the tunneling efficiency of the tunnel boring machine. It can also effectively inhibit the loosening of the strata around the tunnel during construction, prevent strata deformation, and ensure the safety of the tunnel boring machine.

[0016] Preferably, a panel wear detection device and a cutterhead temperature detection device are installed on the inner side of the cutterhead body near the construction face. The panel wear detection device can sense the distance between the cutterhead body and the construction face through sensors on its surface. If the distance between the panel wear detection device and the construction face is too close, the panel wear detection device will remind the operators that the cutterhead body is about to be worn, thereby ensuring the safe construction of the cutterhead body. During the tunneling of the tunnel boring machine in composite strata, the cutterhead body will form muck cakes during advancement, which will cause the temperature of the cutterhead body to rise. By setting up a cutterhead temperature detection device, the surface temperature of the cutterhead body can be monitored in real time. When the temperature of the cutterhead body is abnormal, the operators can obtain the real-time temperature of the cutterhead body and make adjustments accordingly to reduce the operational risks of the tunnel boring machine.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The five-main-arm composite cutterhead of the present invention is provided with atmospheric pressure roller cutters and pressurized roller cutters. The atmospheric pressure roller cutters are arranged on each main arm, and the pressurized roller cutters are arranged between each main arm, so that the roller cutter spacing on the cutterhead body is smaller and the roller cutter trajectory is more, thereby improving the rock breaking efficiency of the cutterhead body.

[0019] 2. When the soil pressure of the tunnel boring machine is large, the operators do not need to replace the pressurized cutter head, but only the atmospheric pressure cutter head needs to be replaced under normal pressure. This reduces the construction risk of the tunnel boring machine cutter head and improves the safety and convenience of construction operations.

[0020] 3. The present invention provides a central rotating body at one end of the cutterhead housing facing away from the construction surface. The rotating arm of the central rotating body rotates with the cutterhead housing, while the connecting shaft of the central rotating body remains stationary. This simplifies the grout inlet interface of the tunnel boring machine's grout inlet pipeline. The central rotating body makes the fixing and installation of the grout inlet pipeline more convenient, simplifies the overall structure of the tunnel boring machine, and saves the assembly time of the tunnel boring machine.

[0021] 4. By setting up a panel wear detection device and a cutterhead temperature detection device, this invention can reduce operational risks, ensure the overall safety performance of the tunnel boring machine, and meet the current needs of tunnel boring machines for digitalization and informatization.

[0022] Furthermore, the cutter head body of the present invention has a reliable design principle, can be quickly installed, is applicable to various construction terrains, and has a very wide range of application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the cutter head body according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the side structure of a tunnel boring machine according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the atmospheric pressure hob structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a pressure hob structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the atmospheric pressure scraper structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure scraper structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the central rotating body structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Cutter head housing, 2. Construction surface, 3. Cutter head body, 4. Main arm, 5. Atmospheric pressure roller cutter, 6. Edge pressure roller cutter, 7. Pressure roller cutter, 8. Atmospheric pressure scraper, 9. Pressure scraper, 10. Atmospheric pressure cutter box, 11. Cutter status detector, 12. Cutter protection block, 13. Atmospheric pressure cutter box anti-loosening bolt, 14. Atmospheric pressure cutter box loosening sensor, 15. Pressure-loaded cutter box, 16. Pressure-loaded cutter box anti-loosening bolt, 17. Atmospheric pressure cutter bar, 18. Atmospheric pressure cutter bar anti-loosening bolt, 19. Bolt, 20. Scraper base, 21. Central rotating body, 22. Central cone, 2101. Rotating arm, 2102. Connecting shaft, 2103. First pipeline interface, 2104. Second pipeline interface, 23. Drive motor, 24. Personnel compartment, 25. Pipeline through hole, 26. Panel wear detection device, 27. Cutter head temperature detection device. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0033] Please see the appendix Figure 1-7 This specific embodiment provides a five-main-arm composite cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine, including a cutterhead body 3. The cutterhead body 3 is provided with a mounting part connected to the cutterhead housing 1. Five main arms 4 are provided on the surface of the cutterhead body 3. Each main arm 4 has a uniformly arranged atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5 from the center to the edge on its surface. An edge pressure roller cutter 6 is provided at the outer edge of the main arm 4. A pressure roller cutter 7 is provided on the cutterhead body 3 between adjacent main arms 4. Atmospheric pressure scrapers 8 and pressure scrapers 9 are arranged alternately on both sides of the main arms 4. The five-main-arm composite cutterhead is provided with atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5, edge pressure roller cutter 6, pressure roller cutter 7, atmospheric pressure scraper 8, and pressure scraper 9. The atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5 is provided on each main arm 4, the pressure roller cutter 7 is provided between each main arm 4, the atmospheric pressure scraper 8 and pressure scraper 9 are provided on both sides of the main arm 4, and the edge pressure roller cutter 6 is provided at the outer edge of the main arm 4.

[0034] The atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5, the pressurized roller cutter 7, and the edge pressurized roller cutter 6 rotate with the cutterhead body 3. Under the thrust and torque of the cutterhead body 3, they cut a series of concentric circular grooves on the construction surface 2. When the thrust exceeds the strength of the rock on the construction surface 2, the rock under the cutter tip is directly crushed, and the cutter tip penetrates directly into the rock, forming a crushing zone and radial cracks. After further pressurization, the cracks in the rock between adjacent roller cutters extend and intersect, forming rock fragments that collapse, thus completing the rock-breaking process. Because the cavities where the edge pressurized roller cutter 6 and pressurized roller cutter 7 are installed are connected to the construction cavity excavated by the tunnel boring machine, personnel need to undergo saturation diving to replace the edge pressurized roller cutter 6 and pressurized roller cutter 7. The cavity where the atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5 is installed is a closed atmospheric pressure cavity. When replacing the atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5, personnel can enter the atmospheric pressure cavity without saturation diving to replace and maintain the atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5. The atmospheric pressure scraper 8 and the pressurized scraper 9 can cut the rock broken by the roller cutter, making the broken rock particles smaller. The roller spacing on the five-main-arm composite cutterhead of the tunnel boring machine in this invention can be reduced to about 50mm. Compared with the single-type cutterhead, it has a smaller roller spacing and more roller trajectories, which improves the rock breaking efficiency of the cutterhead body. Furthermore, when the tunnel boring machine has high soil pressure, the operators do not need to replace the pressurized roller cutter 7 through saturation diving, but only need to replace the atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5 under atmospheric pressure, thereby reducing the construction risk of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead body and improving the safety and convenience of construction operations.

[0035] The atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5 is installed inside the atmospheric pressure cutter box 10, which is fitted onto the main arm 4. A cutter status detector 11 is installed inside the atmospheric pressure cutter box 10. A cutter protection block 12 is installed on the main arm 4 near the working surface 2. An atmospheric pressure cutter box anti-loosening bolt 13 is installed at the end of the atmospheric pressure cutter box 10 away from the working surface 2. An atmospheric pressure cutter box loosening sensor 14 is installed inside the anti-loosening bolt 13. When the atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5 is performing rock breaking operations, the cutting edge of the atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5 becomes dull due to friction with the rock and soil, causing it to lose its original rock breaking ability. The cutter status detector 11 can detect the rotation status and temperature of the atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5. If the cutter status detector 11 detects that the atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5 has stopped rotating and finds that the temperature of the roller cutter is high, it proves that mud cake has accumulated on the surface of the atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5, which needs to be cleaned by the operator in time, thus ensuring the normal operation of the atmospheric pressure roller cutter 5. The cutter protection block 12 is installed in the atmospheric pressure cutter box 10. On both sides, when the wear of the atmospheric pressure cutter head 5 is very severe, the cutter protection block 12 can protect the atmospheric pressure cutter box 10 and the main arm from being worn by the construction surface 2, thus protecting the safety of the shield machine cutter head body 3; the atmospheric pressure cutter box anti-loosening bolt 13 can prevent the atmospheric pressure cutter box 10 from coming off the main arm 4, ensuring the stability of the atmospheric pressure cutter head 5 during operation; when the atmospheric pressure cutter box 10 is loose, the atmospheric pressure cutter box loosening sensor 14 can sense the degree of loosening of the atmospheric pressure cutter box 10 in advance and notify the operators of the real-time situation of the loosening of the atmospheric pressure cutter box 10, reducing the construction risk.

[0036] Both the pressure roller cutter 7 and the edge pressure roller cutter 6 are housed within the pressure roller box 15, which is fitted onto the cutter head body 3. The pressure roller box 15 contains anti-detachment bolts 16. These anti-detachment bolts ensure the pressure roller box 15 is securely mounted on the cutter head body 3, guaranteeing the smooth operation of the pressure roller cutter 7 and the edge pressure roller cutter 6, thus preventing accidents.

[0037] The atmospheric pressure scraper 8 is installed inside the atmospheric pressure cutter rod 17, which is fitted onto the cutter head body 3. An atmospheric pressure cutter rod anti-loosening bolt 18 is installed at one end of the cutter rod 17 inside the cutter head housing 1. The atmospheric pressure scraper 8 primarily performs cutting operations. By using the atmospheric pressure cutter rod anti-loosening bolt 18, the atmospheric pressure cutter rod 17 can be securely installed on the cutter head body 3, improving the stability of the atmospheric pressure scraper 8 during operation.

[0038] The pressure scraper 9 is fastened to the scraper base 20 by bolts 19, and the scraper base 20 is fixedly connected to the cutter head body 3. Like the normal pressure scraper 8, the pressure scraper 9 is mainly used to cut and scrape slag from the crushed rock. By using bolts 19 to install the pressure scraper 9 on the scraper base 20, the stability of the pressure scraper 9 during operation is improved.

[0039] The central rotating body 21 and the central cone 22 are located on the side of the cutterhead housing 1 facing away from the construction face 2. The central rotating body 21 includes a rotating arm 2101 and a connecting shaft 2102. The rotating arm 2101 is installed inside the cutterhead housing 1. Part of the connecting shaft 2102 is located inside the central cone 22, and the other part is located outside the central cone 22. One end of the connecting shaft 2102 located inside the central cone 22 is connected to the rotating arm 2101. During the construction process of the tunnel boring machine, the cutterhead housing 1 rotates. The rotating arm 2101 of the central rotating body 21 can rotate with the cutterhead housing 1, while the connecting shaft 21 connected to the rotating arm 2101 remains stationary with the central cone 22. When it is necessary to replace the atmospheric pressure cutter head 5, the operator can enter the cavity communicating with the atmospheric pressure cutter head 5 through the central cone 22 to replace the atmospheric pressure cutter head 5 under atmospheric pressure, reducing the operation risk and providing convenience for the operator.

[0040] The central rotating body 21 is a hollow structure. A first pipe interface 2103 is provided at the end of the rotating arm 2101, and a second pipe interface 2104 is provided at the end of the connecting shaft 2102 located outside the central cone 22. A through pipe hole 25 is provided on the cutterhead body 3. The grout inlet pipe, which communicates with the tunnel boring machine (TBM), is connected to the second pipe interface 2104. After flowing through the cavity inside the central rotating body 21, the grout flows out through the first pipe interface 2103. The hollow central rotating body 21 simplifies the grout inlet interface of the TBM, makes the fixing and installation of the grout inlet pipe more convenient, simplifies the overall structure of the TBM, and saves assembly time. The slurry inlet pipe can pass through the pipe through hole 25 opened on the cutterhead body 3 to inject slurry into the outer panel of the cutterhead body 3, so that the slurry washes the cutterhead panel, which can effectively prevent the sludge cake from forming on the cutterhead body 3 and improve the tunneling efficiency of the tunnel boring machine; it can also effectively inhibit the loosening of the strata around the tunnel construction site, prevent strata deformation, and ensure the safety of the tunnel boring machine.

[0041] A drive motor 23 is arranged around the center cone 22, and a personnel compartment 24 is arranged around the drive motor 23. The personnel compartment 24 is connected to the excavation chamber.

[0042] The drive motor 23 is the center of the tunnel boring machine's power output. After being reduced in speed by a planetary gear reducer, the drive motor 23 drives its corresponding pinion gear. Each pinion gear, in turn, works with the large gear ring to provide the drive torque for the cutterhead to resist the tunneling torque load, allowing the cutterhead body 3 to rotate. When there is a difference between the torque of the cutterhead body 3 and the power output of the drive motor 23, it can be determined that the cutters installed on the cutterhead body 3 are worn. At this time, the operator can check the output data of the cutter status detector 11 of the atmospheric pressure cutter head 5. If the cutter status detector 11 shows normal, it means that the wear of the pressurized cutter head 7 is relatively large. Since the wear of the atmospheric pressure cutter head 5 is small, the tunnel boring machine can increase the speed of the drive motor 23 to make the atmospheric pressure cutter head 5 the main rock-breaking cutter head. If the cutter status detector 11 shows abnormal, the operator can enter the sealed atmospheric pressure cavity connected to the installation of the atmospheric pressure cutter head 5 to replace the atmospheric pressure cutter head 5.

[0043] The personnel compartment 24 provides convenience for operators to replace the pressurized hob 7.

[0044] A panel wear detection device 26 and a cutterhead temperature detection device 27 are installed on the inner side of the cutterhead body 3 near the construction face 2. The panel wear detection device 26 can sense the distance between the cutterhead body 3 and the construction face 2 through sensors on its surface. If the panel wear detection device 26 is too close to the construction face 2, it will remind the operators that the cutterhead body 3 is about to be worn, thus ensuring the safe construction of the cutterhead body 3. During the tunneling of the tunnel boring machine in composite strata, the cutterhead body 3 will form slag cakes during advancement, which will cause the temperature of the cutterhead body 3 to rise. By setting up the cutterhead temperature detection device 27, the surface temperature of the cutterhead body 3 can be monitored in real time. When the temperature of the cutterhead body 3 is abnormal, the operators can obtain the real-time temperature of the cutterhead body 3 and make adjustments to reduce the operational risks of the tunnel boring machine.

[0045] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A five-main-arm composite cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine, comprising a cutterhead body (3), wherein the cutterhead body (3) is provided with a mounting portion connected to the cutterhead housing (1), characterized in that, Five main arms (4) are provided on the surface of the cutter body (3). Each main arm (4) is uniformly provided with a constant pressure hob (5) from the center to the edge. An edge pressure hob (6) is provided at the outer edge of the main arm (4). A pressure hob (7) is provided on the cutter body (3) between adjacent main arms (4). A constant pressure scraper (8) and a pressure scraper (9) are alternately provided on both sides of the main arm (4). The cutterhead body (3) is provided with a through hole (25) that penetrates the cutterhead body (3); the through hole (25) is used to insert a slurry inlet pipe to inject slurry into the outer panel of the cutterhead body, so that the slurry washes the cutterhead panel to prevent the cutterhead body from accumulating mud cake and inhibit formation relaxation. A panel wear detection device (26) and a cutter head temperature detection device (27) are installed on the inner side of the cutter head body (3) near the construction surface (2); the panel wear detection device (26) is used to provide a wear warning for the cutter head body (3); the cutter head temperature detection device (27) is used to monitor the temperature of the surface of the cutter head body (3) in real time. The atmospheric pressure hob (5) is installed inside the atmospheric pressure cutter box (10), and the atmospheric pressure cutter box (10) is fitted onto the main arm (4); The pressure roller cutter (7) and the edge pressure roller cutter (6) are both set in the pressure cutter box (15). The pressure cutter box (15) is fitted on the cutter disc body (3). The pressure cutter box (15) is equipped with a pressure cutter box anti-loosening bolt (16). The atmospheric pressure scraper (8) is installed inside the atmospheric pressure scraper rod (17), which is fitted onto the cutter body (3). An atmospheric pressure scraper rod anti-loosening bolt (18) is installed at one end of the atmospheric pressure scraper rod (17) inside the cutter body (1). The pressure scraper (9) is fastened to the scraper base (20) by bolts (19), and the scraper base (20) is fixedly connected to the cutter body (3).

2. The five-main-arm composite cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The atmospheric pressure tool box (10) is equipped with a tool status detector (11). A tool protection block (12) is installed on the main arm (4) of the atmospheric pressure tool box (10) near the construction surface (2). An atmospheric pressure tool box anti-loosening bolt (13) is installed on the end of the atmospheric pressure tool box (10) away from the construction surface (2). An atmospheric pressure tool box loosening sensor (14) is installed inside the atmospheric pressure tool box anti-loosening bolt (13).

3. The five-main-arm composite cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a central rotating body (21) and a central cone (22). The central rotating body (21) and the central cone (22) are located on the side of the cutter head housing (1) facing away from the construction surface (2). The central rotating body (21) includes a rotating arm (2101) and a connecting shaft (2102). The rotating arm (2101) is installed inside the cutter head housing (1). One part of the connecting shaft (2102) is located inside the central cone (22), and the other part is located outside the central cone (22). One end of the connecting shaft (2102) located inside the central cone (22) is connected to the rotating arm (2101).

4. A five-main-arm composite cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The central rotating body (21) is a hollow structure. The end of the rotating arm (2101) is provided with a first pipeline interface (2103), and the connecting shaft (2102) is provided with a second pipeline interface (2104) at one end outside the central cone (22).

5. A five-main-arm composite cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, A drive motor (23) is provided around the center cone (22), and a personnel compartment (24) is provided around the drive motor (23). The personnel compartment (24) is connected to the excavation chamber.

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