A flight record data air-ground transmission assembly

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of flight record data air-ground transmission components, the air-ground transmission component includes basic application module, acquisition and processing module, link security negotiation module and transmission control module, air-ground transmission component is independent hardware or exists in the form of software in IMA. The aircraft record data air transmission component increases flight record data air-ground transmission function, avoids the problem that flight record data is difficult to obtain due to flight data recorder loss, salvage difficulty, serious damage in air disaster accident, effectively reduces the overhead generated by searching and recovering flight data recorder, air-ground transmission component fully reuses the flight record system composition architecture and air-ground communication capability of existing aircraft, without too much change to avionics system, facilitate to the aircraft produced to carry out modification work, air-ground transmission component supports multiple transmission encryption methods, to ensure the safety and confidentiality of flight record data in transmission process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of flight record system in civil aircraft avionics system, in particular to a flight record data air-ground transmission assembly. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current flight record system of domestic and foreign civil aircraft takes two enhanced flight recorders (EAFR) as the core to record flight data, cockpit voice and data link information, and is also provided with a three-axis accelerometer, a regional microphone, a recorder independent power supply, a control panel, an underwater beacon and a portable maintenance device, and the composition and connection relationship are as shown in Figure 1 The traditional flight record system obtains flight data, cockpit audio and data link messages from the aircraft data network and converts them into ARINC 767 format for storage in the EAFR, providing at least 25 hours of flight data recording, 2 hours of cockpit voice recording and 2 hours of data link message recording capability.

[0003] At present, various satellite communication receivers are equipped on civil aircraft, the L-band has a lower transmission rate and higher stability, and is usually used for transmitting data link information; the Ku-band has a higher rate than the L-band and is used for passenger high-speed on-board WIFI Internet access. At the same time, Ka-band satellite communication receivers with higher rate and air-ground communication (ATG) are also to be assembled.

[0004] Currently, it is difficult for human to access the EAFR on the civil aircraft, and it is difficult to obtain the data stored in the EAFR. Moreover, after an air disaster occurs, the environment where the EAFR is located is extremely harsh, and there is a certain probability of damage, so it is difficult to obtain key flight data from the damaged recorder. After an air disaster occurs at sea, the EAFR faces the problem of difficulty in searching and salvaging.

[0005] Therefore, a flight record data air-ground transmission assembly is designed, which synchronously transmits flight data, cockpit audio and data link messages to the ground storage by using high-speed communication means on the civil aircraft, so as to avoid the difficulty in investigating the air disaster caused by the damage or loss of the recorder. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims at the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a flight record data air-ground transmission assembly to solve the problems proposed in the background.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a flight record data air-ground transmission assembly, the air-ground transmission assembly includes a basic application module, an acquisition and processing module, a link security negotiation module and a transmission control module, and the air-ground transmission assembly is an independent hardware or resides in the IMA in the form of software.

[0008] Further, the air-ground transmission component supports the collection, processing and encryption of flight record data, and calls various air-ground communication means of the aircraft to realize the function of transmitting the data recorded in the flight recorder to the ground.

[0009] Further, the air-ground transmission component supports the data interaction with the onboard maintenance system, including but not limited to: self-test command, fault report, configuration request, configuration report, data loading.

[0010] Further, the air-ground transmission component supports the update and upgrade operation of the internal function algorithm, database and configuration file of the component by the outfield loadable software during the airline operation.

[0011] Further, the air-ground transmission component is connected to the same regional microphone or other audio source by accessing the avionics data network in the same way as the previous flight recorder.

[0012] Further, the air-ground transmission component has the same data collection list as the previous flight recorder, which ensures that the flight record data obtained is consistent with the previous flight recorder.

[0013] Further, the air-ground transmission component has automatic judgment logic, automatically carries out data collection and processing, supports automatic judgment of the emergency state of the aircraft, and through the cooperation of multiple types of air-ground communication links, completes the large-scale transmission of cached data in a short time.

[0014] Further, the air-ground transmission component supports data frame synthesis according to the data recorded in the ARINC 717 and ARINC 767 formats, and completes the standard formatting of flight record data through the internally saved FRED, and supports the acquisition and analysis of the link state of multiple types of air-ground communication links, and has the ability to dynamically switch links during operation.

[0015] Further, the air-ground transmission component supports the establishment of a safe and reliable communication link with the ground for flight record data transmission, and has real-time transmission and triggered transmission modes, each of which supports data caching when the communication is interrupted and data transmission according to the priority after the communication is restored.

[0016] Further, the air-ground transmission component supports multiple encryption algorithms and encryption key generation capabilities, and supports data caching capability, with a maximum caching capacity of 25 hours of aircraft operation data, 2 hours of cockpit voice data and 25 hours of data link message data.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the flight record data air-ground transmission assembly has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The flight record data air-ground transmission function is added, the problem that flight record data is difficult to obtain due to loss, salvage difficulty and serious damage of the flight data recorder in the air disaster accident is avoided, and the overhead generated by searching and recovering the flight data recorder is effectively reduced;

[0019] 2. The air-ground transmission assembly fully reuses the flight record system composition architecture and air-ground communication capability of the existing aircraft, without causing too much change to the avionics system, and facilitates the modification work of the produced aircraft;

[0020] 3. The air-ground transmission assembly supports multiple transmission encryption modes, and guarantees the safety and confidentiality of the flight record data in the transmission process;

[0021] 4. The airline can select different transmission modes according to its own needs, and supports the emergency transmission capability in the distress state;

[0022] 5. The air-ground transmission assembly supports updating the internal part software configuration through the airline modifiable information (AMI); by using the cloud data transmission and centralized management, the ground unified management of the flight data can be realized, and the accident investigation and data analysis work flow is simplified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a system block diagram of the existing flight record data transmission system;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a system block diagram of the air-ground transmission assembly of the flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-linking relationship diagram of the air-ground transmission assembly of the flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a work flow diagram of the acquisition and processing module of the flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a work flow diagram of the safety transmission negotiation module of the flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] With reference to the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0029] The present application is designed to solve the problem that flight data cannot be obtained due to the fact that the post-accident recorder may be severely damaged or difficult to salvage, and on the basis of the original traditional flight record system of the aircraft, an air-ground transmission component is designed to support real-time or triggered transmission of flight data to the ground, such as Figure 3 as shown in the dashed line part.

[0030] Referring to Figure 2 , the present application designs a flight record data air-ground transmission component, which includes a basic application module, an acquisition and processing module, a link security negotiation module and a transmission control module. The air-ground transmission component is an independent hardware or resides in the IMA in the form of software. Among them

[0031] 1. Basic application module

[0032] The basic application module provides an interface between the component and the onboard maintenance system, supports the onboard maintenance system to carry out functions such as self-detection reporting, configuration management and data loading, completes the self-detection of other modules inside the component and generates fault reports, requests each software and database part number, identifies the loadable software in the field and distributes it to the corresponding module.

[0033] The basic application module specifically includes:

[0034] a. Self-test and fault report

[0035] This module has a self-test (BIT) function for the air-ground transmission component, including power-on self-test, periodic self-test and maintenance self-test capabilities, and supports reporting fault results to the onboard maintenance system according to the ARINC 604 standard protocol.

[0036] b. Configuration management

[0037] This module has the function of managing various software and hardware configuration part numbers and version numbers of the air-ground transmission component, and when the configuration changes, it warns the onboard maintenance system, and supports the onboard maintenance system to request specific configuration information of the air-ground transmission component and feedback the configuration information.

[0038] c. Data loading

[0039] The module has the ability to load module data through the air maintenance system, has the function of receiving ARINC 615 protocol field loadable software, and according to ARINC 665 standard, the software is decoded and verified, and the data is loaded to the specific module as needed, and supports the function of reporting the state to the air maintenance system.

[0040] 2. Acquisition and processing module

[0041] The acquisition and processing module provides the function of receiving flight data and converting the received data into a standard format, and is connected with the avionics data network through the ARINC 664 bus using the remote exchange unit, ensures that the data source is consistent with the previous flight recorder, and accesses the cockpit area microphone signal, according to the internal stored acquisition data list, according to the aircraft operating state, automatically completes the real-time acquisition of three categories of flight record data of aircraft flight data, cockpit voice and data link message, and processes the acquired flight record data in a fixed format.

[0042] The acquisition and processing module is specifically:

[0043] a. Data acquisition

[0044] The module acquires the corresponding aircraft operating data of each airborne system from the aircraft data bus according to the data acquisition list stored in the module;

[0045] The module acquires multi-track voice data of the main pilot position, co-pilot position, aircraft interior and cockpit environment, etc.

[0046] The module acquires data link messages generated during aircraft operation.

[0047] b. Data acquisition start and stop judgment

[0048] The module automatically determines the start and end time according to the aircraft operating data, and the data acquisition should cover the entire flight phase from aircraft power-on to landing power-off.

[0049] c. Data standardization processing

[0050] The module formats the acquired data according to the recorder electronic document (FRED) stored in the module to form data meeting the ARINC 767 standard format.

[0051] The working process of the acquisition and processing module is shown in Figure 4 .

[0052] 3. Secure transmission negotiation module

[0053] The secure transmission negotiation module provides a secure and reliable communication transmission link for the air-ground transmission assembly, completes secure encryption work by calling the possessed air-ground communication link, and carries out security decryption negotiation work with the ground receiving platform to prevent security problems such as hijacking and tampering of data in the transmission link, and at the same time ensures the integrity of data transmission.

[0054] The secure transmission negotiation module specifically comprises:

[0055] a. Secure basic link establishment

[0056] This module supports the formation of a basic encryption key through aircraft characteristic data on the basis of various air-ground data links between the aircraft and the ground station, and constructs a secure basic link for subsequent secure transmission process negotiation mechanism.

[0057] b. Secure transmission process negotiation

[0058] This module carries out key negotiation work in the transmission process between the aircraft and the ground station according to the security negotiation configuration file stored in the module, and the two parties agree on encryption algorithms and keys to encrypt and decrypt aircraft record data, thereby ensuring the confidentiality and security of data in the transmission process. The working process of the secure transmission negotiation module is as shown in Figure 5 .

[0059] 4. Transmission control module

[0060] The transmission control module provides transmission-related control capabilities for the air-ground transmission assembly, has two transmission modes of real-time transmission and triggered transmission, completes multi-link evaluation and intelligent switching functions by real-time acquisition of the connection state and transmission quality of different air-ground transmission links, supports data caching function, prevents transmission data loss and incoherence caused by accidental interruption of the communication link through internal data priority setting, supports automatic detection of the aircraft operating state, and carries out emergency transmission in distress to complete large-scale data transmission in a short time.

[0061] The transmission control module specifically comprises:

[0062] a. Data transmission control

[0063] This module realizes the air-ground transmission function of flight record data by calling aircraft air-ground communication means (such as Ka-band satellite communication, ATG, L-band satellite communication, etc.), and supports real-time or triggered transmission of flight record data to the ground.

[0064] b. Real-time data transmission

[0065] This module can realize the real-time downlink capability of flight record data, and its working interval is the same as that of the acquisition and processing module.

[0066] The module has breakpoint resuming capability. When the communication link is interrupted, the real-time processed flight record data is saved by the buffer. After the link is recovered, the buffered data is transmitted at high speed, and the real-time transmission is gradually recovered to ensure the data continuity.

[0067] c. Data triggered transmission

[0068] The module can realize the triggered transmission of the flight record data. The transmission work can be completed by manual triggering of the crew or automatic triggering according to the logic.

[0069] The module has automatic triggering transmission capability. When the triggering is not triggered, the processed flight record data is buffered. When the aircraft encounters an emergency state, the transmission is automatically started according to the flight parameters. The buffered data is transmitted in time sequence, and the breakpoint resuming capability is supported.

[0070] d. Multi-link switching

[0071] The module can select the air-ground communication link according to the link configuration file stored in the module and the priority order according to the communication configuration of the aircraft. The module has the link signal and communication quality detection capability. When the quality of the current link decreases, the module automatically switches to other communication links. The continuity of the received data on the ground is ensured during the switching process.

[0072] e. Emergency burst transmission

[0073] The module uses the running data to detect the emergency state of the aircraft according to the emergency judgment logic stored in the module. When the aircraft is in an emergency state, the data compression is completed, and multiple communication links are called to ensure the transmission of the data.

[0074] In summary, the flight record data air-ground transmission assembly increases the function of air-ground transmission of flight record data, avoids the problem that the flight record data is difficult to obtain due to the loss, salvage difficulty and serious damage of the flight data recorder in the air crash accident, effectively reduces the overhead generated by searching and recovering the flight data recorder, fully reuses the existing flight record system architecture and air-ground communication capability of the aircraft, does not need to make large changes to the avionics system, is convenient for the modification work of the produced aircraft, supports multiple transmission encryption methods to ensure the safety and confidentiality of the flight record data in the transmission process, the airline can select different transmission modes according to the needs, and supports the burst transmission capability in the emergency state, the air-ground transmission assembly supports the update of the internal software configuration by the airline modifiable information (AMI), and the unified management of the flight data on the ground can be realized by using the cloud data transmission and centralized management, which simplifies the accident investigation and data analysis workflow.

[0075] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting; it is not intended to exclude myriad other embodiments of the present application that other inventors can develop based on the same general inventive concepts embodied by the described embodiments. That is, although the present application is described in terms of particular embodiments and illustrative figures, it should be apparent that the application can be varied in a multitude of ways. Such alterations, many of which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, can be based on current technology, and as such, this detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense.

[0076] While the embodiments of the application have been shown and described herein, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the embodiments described, and it is not intended to exclude any additional, additional, or alternate embodiments from the scope of the present teachings. Numerous modifications, changes, omissions, substitutions and

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely exemplary of the application, and they should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present application. It is to be understood that, within the scope of the principles disclosed herein, those skilled in the art may make modifications, changes, improvements, and equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Any modifications, changes, improvements, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the application.

Claims

1. A flight record data air-ground transfer component, characterized by: The air-ground transmission component includes a basic application module, a collection and processing module, a link security negotiation module, and a transmission control module, and the air-ground transmission component is an independent hardware or resides in the IMA in the form of software: The collection and processing module includes: Data collection start-stop judgment This module automatically judges the start and end time according to the aircraft operation data, and the data collection should cover the entire flight phase from the power-on of the aircraft to the power-off on the ground; Data standardization processing This module formats the obtained data according to the Flight Recorder Electronic Document (FRED) stored in the module to form data meeting the ARINC 767 standard format; The security transmission negotiation module includes: a. Security basic link establishment; This module supports the establishment of a security basic link between the aircraft and the ground station based on various air-ground data links, and forms a basic encryption key through aircraft characteristic data to build a secure basic link for subsequent security transmission process negotiation mechanism; b. Security transmission process negotiation; This module performs key negotiation work in the transmission process between the aircraft and the ground station according to the security negotiation configuration file stored in the module, and the two parties agree on encryption algorithms and keys to encrypt and decrypt aircraft record data, ensuring the confidentiality and security of data in the transmission process; The transmission control module includes: Real-time data transmission This module realizes the real-time downlink capability of flight record data, and its working interval is the same as that of the collection and processing module; This module has the ability to resume transmission at a breakpoint, and when the communication link is interrupted, it saves the real-time processed flight record data in the cache, and when the link is restored, it transmits the cached data at high speed, gradually restores to real-time transmission, and ensures the continuity of data; Triggered data transmission This module realizes the triggered downlink capability of flight record data, which can complete the transmission work through manual triggering by the crew or automatic triggering according to logic; This module has the ability to automatically trigger transmission, and when the aircraft encounters an emergency state, it automatically starts transmission, transmits the cached data in time sequence, and supports the ability to resume transmission at a breakpoint; Emergency transmission This module uses the running data to detect the emergency state of the aircraft through the emergency detection logic stored in the module, and when the aircraft is in an emergency state, it completes the compression of the data to be transmitted, and calls multiple communication links to ensure the transmission of the data.

2. A flight record data air-ground transmission assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-ground transmission component supports the collection, processing, and encryption of flight record data, and calls various air-ground communication means of the aircraft to realize the function of transmitting the data recorded in the flight recorder to the ground.

3. The flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of claim 1, wherein: The air-ground transmission component supports data interaction with the onboard maintenance system, including but not limited to: self-test commands, fault reports, configuration requests, configuration reports, and data loading.

4. The flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of claim 1, wherein: The air-ground transmission component supports the update and upgrade of internal function algorithms, databases, and configuration files, etc. through field-loadable software during route operation.

5. The flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of claim 1, wherein: The air-ground transmission component is connected to the same avionics data network and connected to the same regional microphone or other audio source in the same way as the previous flight recorder.

6. The flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of claim 1, wherein: The data collection list stored in the air-ground transmission component is consistent with the previous flight recorder, so that the flight record data obtained is consistent with the previous flight recorder.

7. The flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of claim 1, wherein: The air-ground transmission component has automatic judgment logic, automatically carries out data collection and processing, supports automatic judgment of the emergency state of the aircraft, and through cooperation with multiple types of air-ground communication links, has the ability to complete large-scale transmission of cached data in a short time.

8. The flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of claim 1, wherein: The air-ground transmission component supports data frame synthesis according to the data recorded in the ARINC 717 and ARINC 767 formats, and completes standard formatting of the flight record data through the FRED stored internally, supports link state acquisition and analysis of multiple types of air-ground communication links, and has the ability to dynamically switch links during operation.

9. The flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of claim 1, wherein: The air-ground transmission component supports the establishment of a safe and reliable communication link with the ground for flight record data transmission, and has real-time transmission and triggered transmission modes, each of which supports data caching when the communication is interrupted and data transmission according to priority after the communication is restored.

10. The flight record data air-ground transmission assembly of claim 1, wherein: The air-ground transmission component supports multiple encryption algorithms and encryption key generation capabilities, supports data caching capabilities, and has a maximum caching capacity of 25 hours of aircraft operation data, 2 hours of cockpit voice data, and 25 hours of data link message data.

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