Energy storage battery fire fighting system and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides an energy storage battery fire fighting system and a control method thereof. The energy storage battery fire fighting system comprises: a battery pack, comprising a shell, a plurality of battery cells and a liquid cooling pipeline, the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling pipeline is connected to the inlet of a supply device; the fire fighting assembly comprises a fire fighting water inlet pipe and a fire fighting water outlet pipe both connected to the interior of the shell, the fire fighting water outlet pipe is connected to the interior of the shell, and the fire fighting water outlet pipe passes through the shell; the controller selectively connects the outlet of the supply device to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline and one of the fire fighting water inlet pipe through a switching device, and the energy storage battery fire fighting system at least has a fire fighting state in which the coolant flows into the interior of the shell through the supply device and the fire fighting water inlet pipe and flows out through the fire fighting water outlet pipe, and a liquid cooling state in which the coolant flows into the liquid cooling pipeline through the supply device and the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline and returns to the supply device through the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling pipeline. The energy storage battery fire fighting system of the technical solution of the present invention can greatly improve the safety of the energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an energy storage battery fire fighting system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the scale of new energy generation such as wind power and the growth of peak and frequency regulation demand on the grid side, the construction scale of lithium battery energy storage as its supporting power storage and regulation system has also been continuously expanded. At present, lithium battery energy storage power stations have been widely promoted and applied as new energy storage technologies in the new energy generation side, grid side system, and user side. Energy storage is a very complex DC system. An energy storage battery system includes at least multiple battery packs, and each battery pack is composed of many battery cells connected in series or in parallel. The energy of a single battery cell in each battery pack is not actually high, but when a battery cell has thermal runaway, it will generate a large amount of thermal radiation and spray electrolyte. A large amount of thermal radiation will quickly increase the surrounding battery cells, thereby triggering a chain reaction. At the same time, the sprayed electrolyte will reduce the creepage distance of the battery cell, which is very likely to cause a high-voltage short circuit, resulting in a more severe chain explosion.

[0003] The inventors are aware of an energy storage battery pack-level immersion fire extinguishing system and a battery thermal runaway detection method. When a battery fire occurs, the system completely immerses the entire battery pack in fire-fighting liquid to achieve the purpose of firefighting. However, on the one hand, this method is difficult to quickly cool down the faulty battery cell and other battery cells around the faulty battery cell, resulting in a chain thermal runaway reaction in other battery cells due to the heat radiation of the faulty battery cell; on the other hand, it is difficult to exclude the electrolyte and active substances inside the faulty battery cell from the battery pack, resulting in the problem of fire of the faulty battery cell.

[0004] Therefore, the above system still has great potential safety hazards, resulting in reduced safety of the energy storage system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy storage battery fire fighting system and a control method thereof. The energy storage battery fire fighting system can greatly improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an energy storage battery fire protection system, comprising: a supply device, which is configured to provide a coolant and drive the coolant to flow; a battery pack, which comprises a shell, a plurality of battery cells located in the shell, and a liquid cooling pipeline penetrating the shell, wherein the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling pipeline is connected to the inlet of the supply device, and the liquid cooling pipeline is located on one side of the plurality of battery cells; a fire protection component, which comprises a fire protection water inlet pipe and a fire protection water outlet pipe, both of which are connected to the interior of the shell, wherein one end of the fire protection water outlet pipe is connected to the interior of the shell, and the other end of the fire protection water outlet pipe passes through the shell; a controller; a switching device, which is control-connected to the controller, and the controller selectively connects the outlet of the supply device to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline and one of the fire protection water inlet pipe through the switching device. The energy storage battery fire protection system at least has a fire protection state in which the coolant flows into the interior of the shell through the supply device and the fire protection water inlet pipe and flows out through the fire protection water outlet pipe, and a liquid cooling state in which the coolant flows into the liquid cooling pipeline through the supply device and the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline and returns to the supply device through the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, the energy storage battery fire protection system also includes a liquid level detection element located in the shell, and the liquid level detection element is constructed to detect the liquid level of the coolant in the shell; the liquid level detection element and the supply device are both connected to the controller control, and the controller controls the coolant output rate of the supply device according to the liquid level information fed back by the liquid level detection element to control the liquid level height of the coolant.

[0008] Furthermore, a temperature detection element is provided in the fire water outlet pipe, and the temperature detection element is connected to the controller for controlling the operation of the switching device according to the temperature information of the coolant fed back by the temperature detection element.

[0009] Furthermore, the energy storage battery fire protection system also includes an air pressure detection element and / or a combustible gas concentration detection element arranged in the shell and connected to the controller. The controller controls the action of the switching device according to information fed back by at least one of the air pressure detection element and the combustible gas concentration detection element.

[0010] Furthermore, the energy storage battery fire protection system also includes a temperature detection component arranged in the shell and connected to the controller for control. The controller controls the action of the switching device according to the ambient temperature fed back by the temperature detection component.

[0011] Furthermore, the switching device has an inlet end, a first outlet end and a second outlet end, and the inlet end is selectively connected to one of the first outlet end and the second outlet end; wherein the inlet end is connected to the outlet of the supply device, the first outlet end is connected to the fire water inlet pipe, and the second outlet end is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a control method for an energy storage battery fire fighting system, which is controlled by the above-mentioned energy storage battery fire fighting system, and the control method includes: putting the energy storage battery fire fighting system in a liquid cooling state; obtaining the temperature and voltage information of each battery cell and at least one of the ambient temperature, combustible gas concentration and air pressure information in the battery pack; the controller determines whether there is an abnormality in the battery pack based on the obtained information, and if so, executes a switching step of a switching device to switch the energy storage battery fire fighting system from a liquid cooling state to a fire fighting state, and if not, executes a maintaining step of keeping the energy storage battery fire fighting system in a liquid cooling state.

[0013] Furthermore, after the switching step, the control method further includes: detecting the liquid level information of the coolant in the shell; and a liquid level control step in which the controller controls the coolant output rate of the supply device according to the liquid level information to control the liquid level height of the coolant.

[0014] Furthermore, the liquid level control step includes: determining whether the liquid level of the coolant in the shell is lower than a preset liquid level; if so, the controller controls the supply device to increase the coolant output rate; if not, the controller controls the supply device to reduce the coolant output rate, wherein the distance between the preset liquid level and the pole of the battery cell is greater than or equal to 5 cm.

[0015] Furthermore, after the switching step, the control method also includes: collecting the liquid temperature in the fire water outlet pipe; judging whether the liquid temperature is less than or equal to a preset temperature, if so, executing the step of controlling the switching device to stop the energy storage battery fire fighting system and wait for maintenance; if not, executing the step of keeping the energy storage battery fire fighting system in a fire fighting state.

[0016] Furthermore, the switching step includes: the controller controls the switching device to open the first outlet port and close the second outlet port.

[0017] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, when the energy storage battery is in a normal working state (i.e., the energy storage battery is not on fire), the controller connects the outlet of the supply device with the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline through the switching device, so that the coolant flows into the liquid cooling pipeline through the supply device and the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline and returns to the supply device through the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling pipeline. In this way, the liquid cooling pipeline located in the shell can cool down multiple battery cells to achieve a cooling effect, so as to avoid malfunction of the battery pack due to high temperature; and when a fire occurs in the energy storage battery, the controller connects the outlet of the supply device with the fire water inlet pipe through the switching device. , so that the coolant flows into the interior of the shell through the supply device and the fire water inlet pipe and flows out through the fire water outlet pipe. In this way, the flowing coolant can not only quickly cool down the faulty battery cell and extinguish the fire, but also quickly cool down the battery cells around the faulty battery cell, avoiding chain thermal runaway reactions of other battery cells due to heat radiation from the faulty battery cell. At the same time, the flowing coolant can discharge the electrolyte and active substances inside the faulty battery cell out of the battery pack through the fire water outlet pipe, thereby avoiding the problem of fire of the faulty battery cell, which can greatly improve the safety of the energy storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an energy storage battery fire protection system of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the relationship between the liquid level in the battery pack and the position of the pole of the battery cell of the energy storage battery fire protection system;

[0021] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 The control schematic diagram of the energy storage battery fire protection system; and

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a control method for an energy storage battery fire fighting system of the present invention is shown.

[0023] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0024] 10. Supply device; 21. Liquid cooling pipeline; 22. Shell; 23. Battery cell; 24. Liquid cooling inlet pipe; 25. Liquid cooling return pipe; 231. Pole; 31. Fire water inlet pipe; 32. Fire water outlet pipe; 50. Controller; 60. Switching device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage battery fire protection system. The energy storage battery fire protection system includes a supply device 10, a battery pack, a fire protection component, a controller 50 and a switching device 60. The supply device 10 is configured to provide a coolant and drive the coolant to flow; the battery pack includes a shell 22, a plurality of battery cells 23 located in the shell 22, and a liquid cooling pipeline 21 passing through the shell 22, the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling pipeline 21 is connected to the inlet of the supply device 10, and the liquid cooling pipeline 21 is located on one side of the plurality of battery cells 23; the fire protection component includes a fire protection water inlet pipe 31 and a fire protection water outlet pipe 32 both connected to the interior of the shell 22, one end of the fire protection water outlet pipe 32 is connected to the interior of the shell 22, and the other end of the fire protection water outlet pipe 32 passes through the shell 22; The switching device 60 is controlled and connected to the controller 50. The controller 50 selectively connects the outlet of the supply device 10 to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline 21 and the fire water inlet pipe 31 through the switching device 60. The energy storage battery fire protection system has at least a fire protection state in which the coolant flows into the interior of the shell 22 through the supply device 10 and the fire water inlet pipe 31 and flows out through the fire water outlet pipe 32, and a liquid cooling state in which the coolant flows into the liquid cooling pipeline 21 through the supply device 10 and the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline 21 and returns to the supply device 10 through the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling pipeline 21.

[0027] In the above technical solution, when the energy storage battery is in a normal working state (i.e., the energy storage battery is not on fire), the controller 50 connects the outlet of the supply device 10 with the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline 21 through the switching device 60, so that the coolant flows into the liquid cooling pipeline 21 through the supply device 10 and the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline 21 and returns to the supply device 10 through the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling pipeline 21. In this way, the liquid cooling pipeline 21 located in the shell 22 can cool down the multiple battery cells 23 to achieve a cooling effect, so as to avoid the battery pack from malfunctioning due to high temperature; and when the energy storage battery catches fire, the controller 50 connects the outlet of the supply device 10 through the switching device 60. It is connected with the fire water inlet pipe 31, so that the coolant flows into the interior of the shell 22 through the supply device 10 and the fire water inlet pipe 31 and flows out through the fire water outlet pipe 32. In this way, the flowing coolant can not only quickly cool down the faulty battery cell and extinguish the fire, but also quickly cool down the battery cells around the faulty battery cell, so as to avoid the chain thermal runaway reaction of other battery cells due to the heat radiation of the faulty battery cell. At the same time, the flowing coolant can discharge the electrolyte and active material inside the faulty battery cell out of the battery pack through the fire water outlet pipe 32, thereby avoiding the problem of fire of the faulty battery cell, which can greatly improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0028] Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is a microgrid controller.

[0029] Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the supply device 10 is a liquid cooling unit. In this way, it is possible to avoid the need for additional devices for providing coolant and driving the flow of coolant, thereby reducing costs. The liquid cooling unit serves two purposes, thereby increasing the use value of the liquid cooling unit, increasing the integration of the energy storage system, and optimizing the space and weight of the energy storage system, thereby increasing product competitiveness.

[0030] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage battery fire protection system includes a plurality of battery packs and fire protection components corresponding to the plurality of battery packs, so that each battery pack can be cooled and extinguished.

[0031] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, multiple battery packs are arranged in two rows, and the energy storage battery fire protection system further includes two liquid cooling inlet pipes 24 located on both sides of the multiple battery packs, multiple liquid inlet branches corresponding to the multiple battery packs, multiple liquid outlet branches corresponding to the multiple battery packs, and a liquid cooling return pipe 25 located between the two rows of battery packs. Among them, the multiple liquid inlet branches are arranged in two rows, and the two rows of liquid inlet branches are respectively connected to the two liquid cooling inlet pipes 24, and the multiple liquid outlet branches are arranged in two rows, and the two rows of liquid outlet branches are both connected to the liquid cooling return pipe 25. The above structure is simple and easy to install.

[0032] The energy storage battery pack-level immersion fire extinguishing system and battery thermal runaway detection method known to the inventor use the coolant of the energy storage system as the fire-fighting liquid. Since the main component of the fire-fighting liquid is water, it must be a conductor. When a charged battery is immersed in a conductor, a short circuit is likely to occur. Although the coolant can cool the battery cells and will not produce a large amount of open flames, the short circuit and explosion of the cells in the entire battery pack at the same time will still cause the pack to explode and the electrolyte to splash, which can easily cause a high-voltage short circuit in the surrounding battery packs, and there is still a great safety hazard.

[0033] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage battery fire protection system also includes a liquid level detection element located in the shell 22, and the liquid level detection element is constructed to be able to detect the liquid level of the coolant in the shell 22; the liquid level detection element and the supply device 10 are both controlled and connected to the controller 50, and the controller 50 controls the coolant output rate of the supply device 10 according to the liquid level information fed back by the liquid level detection element to control the liquid level height of the coolant in the shell 22.

[0034] In the above technical solution, the distance between the liquid level of the coolant and the pole of the battery cell is set to determine the preset liquid level. The liquid level in the battery pack is detected by the liquid level detection element. When the liquid level of the coolant exceeds the preset liquid level, the controller 50 reduces the coolant output rate of the supply device 10 according to the liquid level information fed back by the liquid level detection element. This can reduce the liquid level in the battery pack, thereby controlling the liquid level height. In this way, the coolant can be prevented from completely immersing the pole of the battery cell, ensuring that sufficient safe electrical clearance is maintained between the coolant and the pole of the battery cell, thereby preventing the battery cell from being externally short-circuited due to the coolant, and effectively avoiding the impact of the faulty battery pack on the surrounding battery packs, thereby achieving safe and effective fire protection for the battery pack in the energy storage battery, so as to improve the fire safety of the energy storage battery.

[0035] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, if the liquid level in the battery pack is too high, when the battery cell explodes due to a malfunction, the electrolyte sprayed out can easily adhere to the outer surface of the battery cell and the surface of the coolant, thereby connecting the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent battery cells, forming an external short circuit, and further causing the battery cell to explode.

[0036] Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid level detection element is a liquid level sensor.

[0037] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the microgrid controller collects the liquid level information of the coolant through the liquid level sensor in the battery pack, and controls the liquid cooling unit through the PID (proportional integral differential control) method to control the flow rate of the coolant so that the height of the coolant is maintained at a set position.

[0038] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage battery fire protection system also includes a battery management system (BMS), the liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the battery management system (BMS), the battery management system (BMS) collects the liquid level sensor signal and forwards the signal to the microgrid controller, the liquid level sensor is used to inform the microgrid controller of the current liquid level status in the battery pack, if the liquid level is higher than the preset liquid level, the microgrid controller coordinates the liquid cooling unit to perform PID (proportional integral differential control) control on the liquid level status of the battery pack to ensure that the liquid level of the coolant in the battery pack is maintained at a set height.

[0039] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the height of the liquid level in the battery pack and the battery cell pole is not less than 5 cm, and the preset liquid level can be set according to the above distance.

[0040] In one embodiment, the coolant can also enter the battery pack and immerse the battery cells to 50%, and then be discharged from the fire water outlet pipe 32. The fire water outlet pipe 32 is unidirectional and directly connected to the outside of the battery box. This can avoid the problem of battery cell short circuit and achieve rapid fire fighting.

[0041] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a temperature detection element is provided in the fire water outlet pipe 32, and the temperature detection element is control-connected to the controller 50. The controller 50 controls the action of the switching device 60 according to the temperature information of the coolant fed back by the temperature detection element.

[0042] Through the above settings, the temperature detection element can collect the drainage temperature, and the controller 50 determines the fire protection status in the battery pack by judging whether the drainage temperature reaches the preset temperature. In this way, the controller 50 can control the switching device 60 to stop the energy storage battery fire protection system from fire protection and wait for maintenance, or keep the energy storage battery in a fire protection status.

[0043] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, by closing the switching device 60, the outlet of the supply device 10 is disconnected from the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline 21 and the fire water inlet pipe 31, so that the energy storage battery fire fighting system can stop fire fighting.

[0044] Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature detection element is a temperature sensor.

[0045] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage battery fire protection system also includes an air pressure detection element and a combustible gas concentration detection element which are arranged in the shell 22 and are controlled and connected to the controller 50. The controller 50 controls the action of the switching device 60 according to the information fed back by the air pressure detection element and the combustible gas concentration detection element.

[0046] Through the above arrangement, the air pressure detection element can detect the air pressure state in the battery pack, and the combustible gas concentration detection element can detect the combustible gas concentration state in the battery pack. When smoke or fire occurs in the battery pack due to battery failure, the controller can be immediately informed and control the switching device 60 to connect the outlet of the supply device 10 with the fire water inlet pipe 31, so that the coolant flows into the interior of the shell 22 through the supply device 10 and the fire water inlet pipe 31 and flows out through the fire water outlet pipe 32. In this way, the flowing coolant can not only quickly cool down the faulty battery cell and extinguish the fire, but also quickly cool down the battery cells around the faulty battery cell, so as to avoid other battery cells from producing a chain thermal runaway reaction due to the heat radiation of the faulty battery cell. At the same time, the flowing coolant can discharge the electrolyte and active material inside the faulty battery cell out of the battery pack through the fire water outlet pipe 32, thereby avoiding the problem of fire of the faulty battery cell, which can greatly improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0047] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the air pressure detection element and the combustible gas concentration detection element are both electrically connected to a battery management system (BMS), and the battery management system (BMS) collects liquid level sensor signals and forwards the signals to a microgrid controller.

[0048] Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the combustible gas concentration detection element is a combustible gas detector.

[0049] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage battery fire protection system further includes a temperature detection element disposed in the housing 22 and control-connected to the controller 50 , and the controller 50 controls the operation of the switching device 60 according to the ambient temperature fed back by the temperature detection element.

[0050] Through the above arrangement, the temperature detection component can detect the temperature inside and outside the battery pack (i.e., the ambient temperature). When a fire occurs in the battery pack and causes the temperature to rise, the controller can be immediately informed and control the switching device 60 to connect the outlet of the supply device 10 with the fire water inlet pipe 31, so that the coolant flows into the interior of the shell 22 through the supply device 10 and the fire water inlet pipe 31 and flows out through the fire water outlet pipe 32. In this way, the flowing coolant can not only quickly cool down the faulty battery cell and extinguish the fire, but also quickly cool down the battery cells around the faulty battery cell, thereby avoiding other battery cells from generating a chain thermal runaway reaction due to the heat radiation of the faulty battery cell. At the same time, the flowing coolant can discharge the electrolyte and active material inside the faulty battery cell out of the battery pack through the fire water outlet pipe 32, thereby avoiding the problem of fire of the faulty battery cell, which can greatly improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0051] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature detection element is electrically connected to a battery management system (BMS), and the battery management system (BMS) collects a signal from the temperature detection element and forwards the signal to a microgrid controller.

[0052] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the switching device 60 has an inlet end, a first outlet end, and a second outlet end, and the inlet end is selectively connected to one of the first outlet end and the second outlet end; wherein the inlet end is connected to the outlet of the supply device 10, the first outlet end is connected to the fire water inlet pipe 31, and the second outlet end is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline 21.

[0053] In the above technical solution, by connecting the inlet end with the first outlet end, the energy storage battery fire fighting system can be put into a fire fighting state; by connecting the inlet end with the second outlet end, the energy storage battery fire fighting system can be put into a liquid cooling state. In this way, the energy storage battery fire fighting system can be switched between the fire fighting state and the liquid cooling state.

[0054] Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the switching device 60 is an electromagnetic reversing valve.

[0055] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, a battery management system (BMS) may collect temperature and voltage information of a battery pack, and a microgrid controller is electrically connected to the battery management system (BMS).

[0056] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the battery management system (BMS) collects data such as battery cell temperature, voltage, battery pack ambient temperature, combustible gas concentration in the battery pack, and gas pressure in the battery pack and uploads them to the microgrid controller. The microgrid controller analyzes whether the energy storage battery has a fault based on the built-in fault diagnosis algorithm, judgment logic, and detection information, and switches the energy storage battery fire protection system between the fire protection state and the liquid cooling state based on the fault condition. The above-mentioned fault diagnosis algorithm, judgment logic, and detection information can adopt existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0057] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall of the battery cell in the battery pack is coated with an insulating film, which can isolate the battery cell from the housing 22 to prevent the battery cell from leaking.

[0058] Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the battery management system (BMS) adopts an STM32f4 series microcontroller, and the controller MC adopts an ARM-A8 processor.

[0059] Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the coolant is a mixture of ethylene glycol and water.

[0060] It should be noted that the energy storage battery fire fighting system of the embodiment of the present invention replaces the traditional heptafluoropropane fire fighting system, thereby reducing the cost of the energy storage battery fire fighting system and further reducing the complexity of the energy storage battery fire fighting system.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for an energy storage battery fire protection system. The control method adopts the above-mentioned energy storage battery fire protection system for control, and the control method includes: putting the energy storage battery fire protection system in a liquid cooling state; obtaining the temperature and voltage information of each battery cell 23 and at least one of the ambient temperature, combustible gas concentration and air pressure information in the battery pack; the controller 50 determines whether the battery pack is abnormal based on the obtained information, and if so, executes the switching step of the switching device 60 to switch the energy storage battery fire protection system from the liquid cooling state to the fire protection state, and if not, executes the maintenance step of keeping the energy storage battery fire protection system in the liquid cooling state.

[0062] In the above technical solution, when the energy storage battery is in a normal working state (i.e., the energy storage battery has not caught fire), the energy storage battery fire protection system can be in a liquid cooling state, so that the liquid cooling pipeline 21 located in the shell 22 can cool down the multiple battery cells 23 to achieve a cooling effect, so as to avoid the battery pack from failing due to high temperature; and when the battery pack is abnormal, the controller 50 connects the outlet of the supply device 10 with the fire water inlet pipe 31 through the switching device 60, so that the coolant flows into the interior of the shell 22 through the supply device 10 and the fire water inlet pipe 31 and flows out through the fire water outlet pipe 32, so that the energy storage battery fire protection system is in a fire protection state, so that the flowing coolant can not only quickly cool down and extinguish the faulty battery cell, but also quickly cool down the battery cells around the faulty battery cell, so as to avoid other battery cells from generating a chain thermal runaway reaction due to the heat radiation of the faulty battery cell, and at the same time, the flowing coolant can discharge the electrolyte and active material inside the faulty battery cell out of the battery pack through the fire water outlet pipe 32, so as to avoid the problem of the faulty battery cell catching fire, which can greatly improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0063] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the coolant enters the battery pack through the fire water inlet pipe 31, directly cools the outer wall of the battery cell and extinguishes the fire, which can greatly improve the cooling effect, and the coolant can discharge the electrolyte sprayed from the faulty battery cell and the active substances in the faulty battery cell from the fire water outlet pipe 32, thereby achieving rapid fire fighting.

[0064] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, if at least one of the temperature and voltage information of each battery cell 23 and the ambient temperature, combustible gas concentration and pressure information in the battery pack exceeds a preset value, it can be determined that the battery pack is abnormal.

[0065] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, after the step of determining whether there is an abnormality in the battery pack and before the switching step, the energy storage battery can be controlled to stop charging and discharging.

[0066] like Figure 4 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, after the switching step, the control method also includes: detecting the liquid level information of the coolant in the shell 22; the controller 50 controls the coolant output rate of the supply device 10 according to the liquid level information to control the liquid level height of the coolant.

[0067] In the above technical solution, the liquid level in the battery pack is detected by the liquid level detection element, and the controller 50 reduces the coolant output rate of the supply device 10 according to the liquid level information fed back by the liquid level detection element. In this way, the liquid level height can be controlled to avoid the coolant from completely immersing the poles of the battery cells, thereby avoiding external short circuits of the battery cells due to the coolant, and effectively avoiding the impact of faulty battery packs on surrounding battery packs, thereby achieving safe and effective fire protection for the battery packs in the energy storage battery in a targeted manner, so as to improve the fire safety of the energy storage battery.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid level control step includes: determining whether the liquid level of the coolant in the shell 22 is lower than a preset liquid level, if so, the controller 50 controls the supply device 10 to increase the coolant output rate, if not, the controller 50 controls the supply device 10 to reduce the coolant output rate, wherein the distance between the preset liquid level and the pole 231 of the battery cell 23 is greater than or equal to 5 cm.

[0069] In the above technical solution, the distance between the liquid level of the coolant and the pole of the battery cell can be set as needed to determine the preset liquid level. When the liquid level of the coolant exceeds the preset liquid level, the controller 50 reduces the coolant output rate of the supply device 10 according to the liquid level information fed back by the liquid level detection element. This can reduce the liquid level in the battery pack to avoid the coolant completely immersing the pole of the battery cell, thereby avoiding external short circuit of the battery cell due to the coolant, and effectively avoiding the impact of the faulty battery pack on the surrounding battery packs, thereby achieving safe and effective fire protection for the battery pack in the energy storage battery, so as to improve the fire safety of the energy storage battery.

[0070] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, after the switching step, the control method further includes: collecting the liquid temperature in the fire water outlet pipe 32; determining whether the liquid temperature is less than or equal to a preset temperature, and if so, executing the step of controlling the switching device 60 to stop the energy storage battery fire fighting system and wait for maintenance; if not, executing the step of keeping the energy storage battery fire fighting system in a fire fighting state.

[0071] Through the above settings, the controller 50 determines the fire protection status in the battery pack by judging whether the drainage temperature reaches the preset temperature. In this way, the controller 50 can control the switching device 60 to stop the energy storage battery fire protection system from fire protection and wait for maintenance, or keep the energy storage battery in the fire protection status, so as to better ensure the safety of the energy storage battery.

[0072] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the switching step includes: the controller 50 controls the switching device 60 to open the first outlet port and close the second outlet port. In this way, the supply device 10 can be connected to the fire water inlet pipe 31, thereby switching the energy storage battery fire protection system to the fire protection state.

[0073] From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: when the energy storage battery is in a normal working state (i.e., the energy storage battery is not on fire), the controller connects the outlet of the supply device with the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline through the switching device, so that the coolant flows into the liquid cooling pipeline through the supply device and the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline and returns to the supply device through the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling pipeline. In this way, the liquid cooling pipeline located in the shell can cool down multiple battery cells to achieve a cooling effect, so as to avoid malfunction of the battery pack due to high temperature; and when a fire occurs in the energy storage battery, the controller connects the outlet of the supply device with the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline through the switching device. The outlet is connected with the fire water inlet pipe, so that the coolant flows into the interior of the shell through the supply device and the fire water inlet pipe and flows out through the fire water outlet pipe. In this way, the flowing coolant can not only quickly cool down the faulty battery cell and extinguish the fire, but also quickly cool down the battery cells around the faulty battery cell, so as to avoid the chain thermal runaway reaction of other battery cells due to the heat radiation of the faulty battery cell. At the same time, the flowing coolant can discharge the electrolyte and active material inside the faulty battery cell out of the battery pack through the fire water outlet pipe, so as to avoid the problem of fire of the faulty battery cell, which can greatly improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire protection system with energy storage battery, characterized in that: include: A supply device (10) configured to provide a cooling liquid and drive the cooling liquid to flow; A battery pack, comprising a shell (22), a plurality of battery cells (23) located in the shell (22), and a liquid cooling pipeline (21) passing through the shell (22), wherein a liquid outlet of the liquid cooling pipeline (21) is connected to an inlet of the supply device (10), and the liquid cooling pipeline (21) is located on one side of the plurality of battery cells (23); A firefighting assembly, comprising a firefighting water inlet pipe (31) and a firefighting water outlet pipe (32), both of which are in communication with the interior of the shell (22), one end of the firefighting water outlet pipe (32) being in communication with the interior of the shell (22), and the other end of the firefighting water outlet pipe (32) passing through the shell (22); Controller (50); a switching device (60) connected to the controller (50) for selectively connecting the outlet of the supply device (10) to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline (21) and the fire water inlet pipe (31) through the switching device (60); the energy storage battery fire protection system at least has a fire protection state in which the coolant flows into the interior of the housing (22) through the supply device (10) and the fire water inlet pipe (31) and flows out through the fire water outlet pipe (32); and a liquid cooling state in which the coolant flows into the liquid cooling pipeline (21) through the supply device (10) and the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline (21) and returns to the supply device (10) through the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling pipeline (21); The energy storage battery fire fighting system further comprises a liquid level detection element located in the housing (22), wherein the liquid level detection element is configured to detect the liquid level of the coolant in the housing (22); The liquid level detection element and the supply device (10) are both connected to the controller (50), and the controller (50) controls the coolant output rate of the supply device (10) according to the liquid level information fed back by the liquid level detection element, so as to control the liquid level height of the coolant; A temperature detection element is provided in the fire water outlet pipe, and the temperature detection element is controllably connected to the controller (50). The controller (50) controls the action of the switching device (60) according to the temperature information of the coolant fed back by the temperature detection element.

2. The energy storage battery fire fighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage battery fire protection system further comprises an air pressure detection element and / or a combustible gas concentration detection element which is arranged on the housing (22) and is controllably connected to the controller (50); the controller (50) controls the action of the switching device (60) based on information fed back by at least one of the air pressure detection element and the combustible gas concentration detection element.

3. The energy storage battery fire fighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage battery fire protection system further comprises a temperature detection component which is arranged on the housing (22) and is controllably connected to the controller (50); the controller (50) controls the action of the switching device (60) according to the ambient temperature fed back by the temperature detection component.

4. The energy storage battery fire fighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching device (60) has an inlet end, a first outlet end and a second outlet end, wherein the inlet end is selectively connected to one of the first outlet end and the second outlet end; The inlet end is connected to the outlet of the supply device (10), the first outlet end is connected to the fire water inlet pipe (31), and the second outlet end is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling pipeline (21).

5. A control method for an energy storage battery fire protection system, characterized in that: The energy storage battery fire fighting system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used for control, and the control method comprises: Putting the energy storage battery fire fighting system in the liquid cooling state; Acquiring temperature and voltage information of each battery cell (23) and at least one of the following information: ambient temperature, combustible gas concentration and gas pressure information within the battery pack; The controller (50) determines whether the battery pack has an abnormality based on the acquired information; if so, the switching step of the switching device (60) is executed to switch the energy storage battery fire fighting system from the liquid cooling state to the fire fighting state; if not, the maintaining step of maintaining the energy storage battery fire fighting system in the liquid cooling state is executed.

6. The control method of the energy storage battery fire protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the switching step, the control method further includes: Detecting liquid level information of the coolant in the housing (22); The controller (50) controls the coolant output rate of the supply device (10) according to the liquid level information to control the liquid level height of the coolant in a liquid level control step.

7. The control method of the energy storage battery fire protection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid level control step comprises: It is determined whether the liquid level of the coolant in the housing (22) is lower than a preset liquid level; if so, the controller (50) controls the supply device (10) to increase the coolant output rate; if not, the controller (50) controls the supply device (10) to reduce the coolant output rate, wherein the distance between the preset liquid level and the pole (231) of the battery cell (23) is greater than or equal to 5 cm.

8. The control method of the energy storage battery fire protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the switching step, the control method further includes: Collecting the temperature of the liquid in the fire water outlet pipe (32); It is determined whether the liquid temperature is less than or equal to a preset temperature. If so, a step is executed to control the switching device (60) to stop the energy storage battery fire fighting system from fire fighting and wait for maintenance. If not, a step is executed to keep the energy storage battery fire fighting system in the fire fighting state.

9. The control method of the energy storage battery fire protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switching step comprises: The controller (50) controls the switching device (60) to open the first outlet port and close the second outlet port.

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