Method for calculating dynamic water level in ore bulk of a caving mine

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of dynamic water level calculation methods in caving method mining ore bulk, it is characterized in that, including the following steps: ore bulk storage rainfall calculation, ore bulk pore volume calculation, dynamic water level calculation in ore bulk;Rainfall stored in ore bulk is filled in its pore, then the pore filled by the stored rainfall forms water level.The dynamic water level calculation method in ore bulk proposed by the application has simple and clear calculation idea and is easy to calculate, can realize the dynamic water level calculation in caving method mining ore bulk of mine, grasps the change rule of water level in caving ore bulk, is favorable to guide mine safety production, avoids the occurrence of mine flood accident.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground mining technology, specifically relating to a method for calculating dynamic water level in ore bulk material in caving mining. Background Technology

[0002] Caving mining no longer divides the ore block into stops and pillars, but treats the entire ore block as a single mining unit, mining it according to a specific sequence. During mining, the surrounding rock needs to be forcibly or naturally caved, and the ore is released in direct contact with the overlying rock. Caving mining is a method of ore extraction that manages ground pressure by caving the surrounding rock; that is, while caving the ore, the surrounding rock is forcibly or naturally caved to fill the goaf, thereby controlling and managing ground pressure.

[0003] In both metallic and non-metallic mining, especially in mines using the caving method, during the rainy season, atmospheric precipitation and surface runoff flow into surface subsidence pits and then infiltrate into the caved ore mass. As surface rainwater continues to infiltrate, increasing underground rainfall, it accumulates and remains within the ore mass, filling its pores and creating a water level. This retained rainwater poses a safety hazard to mine production. If a large amount of rainwater remains in the caved ore mass and cannot be drained promptly, it mixes with fine particles like the ore mass to form a flowable mud, which can easily lead to mudslides during ore discharge.

[0004] To understand the water level variation pattern in caving ore, this invention proposes a method for calculating the dynamic water level in ore aggregates from caving mining. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention presents a method for calculating the dynamic water level in ore bulk material during caving mining. This method can calculate the dynamic water level in ore bulk material during caving mining, providing timely guidance for mines to take effective drainage measures, ensuring safe production, preventing water-related accidents during mining, and ultimately guaranteeing the safe and efficient extraction of mineral resources.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a method for calculating the dynamic water level in bulk ore in caving mining, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Calculate the residual rainfall V in the ore bulk. 存 V 存 =V 渗 -V 排 V 渗 =K 渗·S 渗 ,

[0008] Step 2: Calculate the pore volume V in the ore bulk. 孔 V 孔 = (K-1)·V 矿 K = K1·K2, V_ore = 1 / 2(S1+S2)·H;

[0009] Step 3: Calculate the dynamic water level h in the ore bulk: Let V 孔 =V 存 Then H = h, that is, h = 2·V 存 / (K-1)·(S1+S2);

[0010] V 渗 V represents the effective infiltration rainfall in the ore bulk. 排 K represents the dynamic discharge volume of water from the underground mine outlet. 渗 S is the infiltration coefficient of ore bulk. 渗 To achieve effective infiltration area, V 矿 Let S1 be the volume of the ore bulk, K be the ultimate loosening coefficient of the ore bulk, K1 be the primary loosening coefficient of the ore blasting, K2 be the secondary loosening coefficient of the ore blasting, S1 be the area of ​​the underground ore extraction range, S2 be the area of ​​surface deformation and damage, and H be the elevation difference between the surface deformation and damage elevation and the elevation of the underground ore extraction range.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0012] The dynamic water level calculation method in ore bulk proposed in this invention has a simple and clear calculation idea and is easy to calculate. It can realize the dynamic water level calculation in ore bulk in caving mining, understand the water level change law in caving ore bulk, which is conducive to guiding safe production in mines, avoiding the occurrence of mine water hazard accidents, and thus ensuring the safe and efficient mining of mineral resources. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 A flowchart for calculating dynamic water level in bulk ore in caving mines;

[0015] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the dynamic water level calculation profile in bulk ore from a caving mine.

[0016] Figure 3This is a cross-sectional plan view of the dynamic water level calculation in ore bulk material in a caving mine.

[0017] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0018] 1- Collapsed ore mass; 2- Surface deformation and damage range; 3- Water level in ore mass; 4- Surface water accumulation; 5- Residual rainfall in ore mass; 6- Water discharge from underground ore outlet; 7- Ore extraction range; 8- Ore outlet; 9- Surface deformation and damage area; 10- Area of ​​underground ore extraction range. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a method for calculating the dynamic water level in ore bulk material in caving mining includes the following steps:

[0022] (1) Calculate the amount of rainwater retained in the ore bulk material, V 存 :

[0023] 1.1 Determine the infiltration coefficient K of ore bulk materials 渗 and effective infiltration area S 渗 : Infiltration coefficient K of bulk ore 渗 The value can be determined through indoor testing and engineering analogy. In this invention, it is determined through indoor permeability testing, with K taken as the value. 渗 =0.1cm / s = 3.6m / d; Effective infiltration area S 渗 Take the area of ​​surface deformation and failure, S2, i.e., S 渗 =2×10 4 m 2 .

[0024] 1.2 Calculate the effective infiltration rainfall V in the ore bulk. 渗 Effective infiltration rainfall V in ore bulk 雨 It is necessary to consider the infiltration coefficient K of the ore bulk material. 渗 and the effective infiltration area S of ore bulk 渗 The value is determined by calculation, i.e., V. 渗 =K 渗 ·S 渗 =3.6 × 2 × 10 4 =7.2×104 m 3 / d.

[0025] 1.3 Determine the water discharge volume V at the underground mine outlet. 排 The amount of water discharged from the mine outlet, V, can be determined statistically through an underground drainage flow meter. 排 =4.5×10 4 m 3 / d.

[0026] 1.4 Calculate the residual rainfall V in the ore bulk. 存 It is necessary to determine the effective infiltration rainfall V in the ore bulk. 渗 Water discharge V from the mine outlet 排 jointly determined, that is

[0027] (2) Calculate the pore volume V in the ore bulk. 孔 :

[0028] 2.1 Calculation of the ultimate loosening coefficient of ore bulk: It needs to be calculated and determined based on the primary loosening coefficient K1 of ore blasting and the secondary loosening coefficient K2 of ore discharge. In this invention, the engineering analogy method is used to determine the coefficients K1 and K2. Take K1 = 1.25 and K2 = 1.15, then K = K1·K2 = 1.25 × 1.15 = 1.44.

[0029] 2.2 Calculate the volume V of the ore bulk. 矿 The area of ​​the underground ore extraction range, S1, the surface deformation and damage area, S2, and the elevation difference H between the two can be determined. In this invention, the area of ​​the underground ore extraction range, S1, is taken as 0.6 × 10⁻⁶. 4 m 2 Surface deformation and damage area S2=2×10 4 m 2 ,Right now

[0030] 2.3 Calculate the pore volume V in the ore bulk. 孔 It is necessary to consider the ultimate bulk density coefficient K and the bulk volume V of the ore. 矿 The calculation determines, i.e., V 孔 = (K-1)·V 矿 = (1.44-1)×1.3×10 4 H = 5720H.

[0031] (3) Calculate the dynamic water level h in the ore bulk:

[0032] The dynamic water level h in the ore bulk needs to be calculated based on the rainfall V remaining in the ore bulk. 存 and the pore volume V in ore bulk 孔Parameters are determined, let V 孔 =V 存 The elevation difference H between the surface deformation and failure elevation and the elevation of the underground ore extraction area is the dynamic water level h in the ore bulk, i.e., 5720h = 2.7 × 10⁻⁶. 4 The dynamic water level in the ore bulk can be obtained as h = 4.72 m / d.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] The calculation method and steps of this invention are described below:

[0035] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a method for calculating the dynamic water level in ore bulk material in caving mining includes the following steps:

[0036] (1) Calculate the maximum residual rainfall V in the ore bulk. 存 :

[0037] 1.1 Determine the infiltration coefficient K of ore bulk materials 渗 and effective infiltration area S 渗 : Infiltration coefficient K of bulk ore 渗 The value can be determined through indoor testing and engineering analogy. In this invention, it is determined through indoor permeability testing, with K taken as the value. 渗 =0.1cm / s = 3.6m / d; Effective infiltration area S 渗 Take the area of ​​surface deformation and failure, S2, i.e., S 渗 =2×10 4 m 2 .

[0038] 1.2 Calculate the effective infiltration rainfall V in the ore bulk. 渗 Effective infiltration rainfall V in ore bulk 雨 It is necessary to consider the infiltration coefficient K of the ore bulk material. 渗 and the effective infiltration area S of ore bulk 渗 The value is determined by calculation, i.e., V. 渗 =K 渗 ·S 渗 =3.6 × 2 × 10 4 =7.2×10 4 m 3 / d.

[0039] 1.3 Calculate the maximum residual rainfall V in the ore bulk. 存 When the water discharge volume V at the mine outlet 排 When the water level is 0, the ore outlet is in a critical state where water is just beginning to drain. At this point, the residual rainfall in the ore mass is at its maximum and the water level is at its highest. Therefore, the maximum residual rainfall V in the ore mass at this time is... 存 =V 渗 =7.2×104 m 3 / d.

[0040] (2) Calculate the pore volume V in the ore bulk. 孔 :

[0041] 2.1 Calculation of the ultimate loosening coefficient of ore bulk: It needs to be calculated and determined based on the primary loosening coefficient K1 of ore blasting and the secondary loosening coefficient K2 of ore discharge. In this invention, the engineering analogy method is used to determine the coefficients K1 and K2. Take K1 = 1.25 and K2 = 1.15, then K = K1·K2 = 1.25 × 1.15 = 1.44.

[0042] 2.2 Calculate the volume V of the ore bulk. 矿 The area of ​​the underground ore extraction range, S1, the surface deformation and damage area, S2, and the elevation difference H between the two can be determined. In this invention, the area of ​​the underground ore extraction range, S1, is taken as 0.6 × 10⁻⁶. 4 m 2 Surface deformation and damage area S2=2×10 4 m 2 ,Right now

[0043] 2.3 Calculate the pore volume V in the ore bulk. 孔 It is necessary to consider the limiting looseness coefficient K and the volume V of the ore bulk. 矿 The calculation determines, i.e., V 孔 = (K-1)·V 矿 = (1.44-1)×1.3×10 4 H = 5720H.

[0044] (3) Calculate the maximum water level h in the ore bulk:

[0045] The maximum water level h in the ore bulk needs to be calculated based on the maximum residual rainfall V in the ore bulk. 存 and the pore volume V in ore bulk 孔 Parameters are determined, let V 孔 =V 存 The elevation difference H between the surface deformation and failure elevation and the elevation of the underground ore extraction area is the maximum water level h in the ore bulk, i.e., 5720h = 7.2 × 10⁻⁶. 4 The maximum water level in the ore bulk can be obtained as h = 12.59 m / d.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] The primary loosening coefficient K1 of ore blasting and the secondary loosening coefficient K2 of ore discharge can be determined by on-site blasting and discharge tests and engineering analogy. This invention does not specifically refer to a certain method of determination, as long as it is a method and technical means that can determine the primary loosening coefficient of ore blasting and the secondary loosening coefficient of ore discharge.

[0048] When the water discharge from the mine outlet V 排 When the water level is 0, the ore outlet is in a critical state where water is just beginning to be discharged. At this time, the amount of rainwater remaining in the ore bulk is the largest and the water level is the highest. Under the maximum critical water level condition, water-related accidents are more likely to occur.

[0049] The basic idea of ​​the water level calculation method proposed in this invention is: the residual rainfall in the ore bulk fills its pores, and the pores filled by the residual rainfall form the water level.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the dynamic water level in bulk ore in caving mining, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the amount of rainwater retained in the ore bulk. ; Step 2: Calculate the pore volume in the ore bulk. , ; Step 3: Calculate the dynamic water level h in the ore bulk: Then H = h, that is ; V 渗 V represents the effective infiltration rainfall in the ore bulk. 排 K represents the amount of water discharged from the mine outlet. 渗 S is the infiltration coefficient of ore bulk. 渗 To achieve effective infiltration area, V 矿 Let S1 be the volume of the ore bulk, K be the ultimate loosening coefficient of the ore bulk, K1 be the primary loosening coefficient of the ore blasting, K2 be the secondary loosening coefficient of the ore blasting, S1 be the area of ​​the underground ore extraction range, S2 be the area of ​​surface deformation and damage, and H be the elevation difference between the surface deformation and damage elevation and the elevation of the underground ore extraction range.

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