Oil tank boiling fire early warning technology based on super-long distance laser vibration measuring instrument

Abstract

The application discloses a tank boiling fire early warning technology based on an ultralength laser vibration detector, which comprises an ultralength laser vibration detector and a tank; the ultralength laser vibration detector is placed away from the tank; the ultralength laser vibration detector is connected with a data acquisition module; the data acquisition module is connected with a PC display end; and the PC display end is connected with an alarm device. The tank boiling fire early warning technology based on the ultralength laser vibration detector is adopted, the pressure pulse caused by bubble breaking is started, the characteristic that a large number of bubbles are generated when the tank boiling fire occurs is utilized, the tank wall vibration signal caused by the breaking of the large number of bubbles is detected by the ultralength laser vibration detector, the vibration information is received by the data acquisition module and transmitted to the PC display end, the information exceeding the vibration threshold of the PC display end triggers the alarm information, the alarm device is used to give an alarm before the boiling, and relevant personnel are reminded to respond and evacuate in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of early warning technology for boiling fires in oil tanks, and in particular to early warning technology for boiling fires in oil tanks based on an ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter. Background Technology

[0002] Regarding boiling fires in oil tanks, the NFPA defines them as follows: when an open tank containing a certain amount of flammable liquid catches fire, after a period of quasi-steady-state combustion, the water layer at the bottom of the tank boils, causing the fire intensity to suddenly and drastically increase, forming a huge spherical flame, accompanied by a large amount of burning liquid fuel spraying out of the tank.

[0003] Because water infiltration is unavoidable during crude oil extraction, drilling, and transportation, and water itself is a component of crude oil, water in the crude oil will deposit at the bottom of the tank under gravity after a period of storage. In the event of a fire, the crude oil in the tank will be continuously heated, forming a hot zone. As the fire progresses, the hot zone will grow downwards and contact the water layer at the bottom of the tank, causing the water layer to boil violently and produce a large number of bubbles. These bubbles rise to the surface of the oil layer and burst, generating a huge pressure pulse that causes the tank wall to vibrate. When there are enough bubbles in the oil layer, the bursting of a large number of bubbles leads to a boiling phenomenon.

[0004] Boiling-out fires are one of the most dangerous types of heavy oil tank fires, with hazards manifesting in two main ways. First, the radiant heat flux suddenly increases during boiling, abruptly increasing to several times or even tens of times the flux during quasi-steady-state combustion before boiling. Heat radiation, a major hazard of boiling-out fires, can directly or indirectly cause casualties and the spread of the fire between tanks. Second, the boiling-out and splashing of burning oil can further worsen the fire situation. Boiling-out oil significantly increases the affected area and makes firefighting more difficult, while splashing oil can ignite surrounding oil storage tanks and equipment. The resulting high temperatures and heat can burn firefighters, damage nearby firefighting equipment, and cause secondary disasters.

[0005] Understanding the characteristics and occurrence patterns of boiling fires, timely forecasting of their occurrence, and implementing equipment protection and personnel evacuation are among the best ways to reduce losses from boiling fires under existing equipment and technology conditions.

[0006] Micro-explosion noise is a key characteristic of the pre-boiling stage, closely related to the boiling mechanism, and a reliable way to warn of boiling. Current technologies for early warning of boiling fires in oil tanks typically rely on noise signals emitted when bubbles burst. However, a boiling fire scene is a noisy environment composed of multiple sound events. When sounds with a similar spectral structure to micro-explosion noise (such as the sound of a high-pressure water tap splashing) are present, traditional sound recognition and detection methods cannot effectively extract and identify the weak noise signals emitted by bubble bursting during the pre-boiling stage, thus failing to achieve accurate early warning.

[0007] Early warning of boiling fires can facilitate the evacuation of firefighters and the protection of necessary equipment, thereby reducing casualties and losses. Bubble behavior is closely related to the mechanism of boiling; the pressure pulses caused by the rupture of a large number of bubbles are reflected on the tank wall. Effectively extracting and identifying the tank wall vibrations caused by the pulses generated by bubble rupture is a reliable way to warn of boiling. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide an early warning technology for boiling-out fires in oil tanks based on an ultra-long-range laser vibrometer. Starting from the pressure pulses caused by bubble bursts, this invention provides a novel early warning method for boiling-out fires by detecting the vibration signals of the tank wall during a fire. Utilizing the characteristic that a large number of bubbles are generated during a boiling-out fire, an ultra-long-range laser vibrometer detects the vibration signals of the tank wall caused by the bursting of these bubbles. The vibration information is received by a data acquisition module and transmitted to a PC display for real-time display of the tank wall vibration signals. An alarm device issues a warning before boiling occurs, reminding relevant personnel to respond immediately and evacuate.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an early warning technology for boiling fires in oil tanks based on an ultra-long-range laser vibrometer, characterized in that: it includes an ultra-long-range laser vibrometer and an oil tank; the ultra-long-range laser vibrometer is placed at a location far away from the oil tank; the ultra-long-range laser vibrometer is connected to a data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is connected to a PC display terminal, and the PC display terminal is connected to an alarm device.

[0010] Preferably, the ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter is a non-fixed device.

[0011] Preferably, the vibration information collected by the ultra-long-distance laser vibrometer is transmitted to the PC display terminal through the data acquisition module.

[0012] Preferably, the PC display terminal has a vibration threshold; vibration signals exceeding the vibration threshold on the PC display terminal trigger an alarm signal.

[0013] Preferably, the PC display terminal transmits the alarm signal to the alarm device.

[0014] Preferably, the alarm device receives an alarm signal and issues an alarm.

[0015] Preferably, the ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter, the data acquisition module, the PC display terminal, and the alarm device are all electrically connected.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned early warning technology for oil tank boiling fires based on ultra-long-distance laser vibrometers, and the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] (1) The oil tank boiling fire early warning device based on an ultra-long-distance laser vibrometer provided by this invention starts from the pressure pulse caused by the rupture of bubbles and provides a new method for early warning of boiling fires by detecting the vibration signal of the tank wall when an oil tank fire occurs. When an oil tank fire occurs and the fire cannot be extinguished after taking conventional fire extinguishing measures, the device utilizes the characteristic that a large number of bubbles are generated when a boiling fire occurs. The device detects the vibration signal of the tank wall caused by the rupture of a large number of bubbles using an ultra-long-distance laser vibrometer. The vibration information is received by the data acquisition module and transmitted to the PC display terminal to display the tank wall vibration signal in real time. An alarm device issues an alarm before boiling occurs to remind relevant personnel to respond immediately and evacuate.

[0018] (2) The ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter used in this invention can easily measure the surface vibration of large structures without generating additional mass. Moreover, it is a non-fixed device, and the staff can adjust the distance between the ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter and the burning oil tank according to the actual fire situation. This ensures that the ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter is not affected and operates stably throughout the oil tank fire.

[0019] (3) This invention proposes a novel early warning device for oil tank boiling fires by detecting tank wall vibration signals caused by pressure pulses resulting from bubble rupture using an ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter. This avoids the inability to effectively extract and identify the weak noise signals emitted by bubble rupture during the early stages of boiling fires due to noisy environments, thus achieving accurate early warning.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the device of the present invention based on an ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter for early warning technology of oil tank boiling fire;

[0022] Figure Labels

[0023] 1. Ultra-long-range laser vibration meter; 2. Data acquisition module; 3. PC display terminal; 4. Alarm device; 5. Oil tank. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses an early warning device for boiling fire in oil tanks based on an ultra-long-range laser vibrometer, comprising an oil tank 5 and an ultra-long-range laser vibrometer 1. The ultra-long-range laser vibrometer 1 of this invention can easily measure the dynamic parameters of the structure without generating additional mass. Furthermore, the ultra-long-range laser vibrometer 1 is a non-fixed device, and its distance from the oil tank 5 can be adjusted according to actual conditions. When a fire occurs in the oil tank 5, the ultra-long-range laser vibrometer 1 is positioned at a certain distance from the oil tank 5. This distance can be adjusted according to the actual fire situation. The ultra-long-range laser vibrometer 1 can stably detect the vibration information of the tank wall of the oil tank 5 from a distance without being disturbed by the fire.

[0027] The ultra-long-range laser vibration meter 1 is electrically connected to the data acquisition module 2. The data acquisition module 2 can receive the vibration signal collected by the ultra-long-range laser vibration meter 1 in real time. When a fire occurs in the oil tank, the ultra-long-range laser vibration meter 1 can detect the tank wall vibration information caused by the pressure pulse caused by the rupture of bubbles in the tank and convert it into a signal to be transmitted to the data acquisition module 2.

[0028] The data acquisition module 2 is electrically connected to the PC display terminal 3. The PC display terminal 3 is set with a vibration signal threshold. After receiving the signal, the PC display terminal 3 can display the tank wall vibration information in real time and trigger an alarm signal when the vibration signal exceeds the threshold.

[0029] PC display terminal 3 is electrically connected to alarm device 4. PC display terminal 3 can transmit alarm signals to alarm device 4. After receiving the alarm signal, alarm device 4 will immediately sound an alarm to remind relevant personnel to evacuate, thereby reducing casualties.

[0030] Specifically, this invention provides an early warning device for oil tank boiling fires based on an ultra-long-distance laser vibrometer, using an oil tank boiling fire as an example. During the extraction, drilling, and transportation of crude oil, water infiltration is unavoidable; in fact, water itself is a component of crude oil. Therefore, after a period of storage, water in the crude oil in the tank will deposit at the bottom of the tank under gravity. In the event of a fire, the crude oil in the tank will be continuously heated, forming a hot zone. As the fire progresses, the hot zone grows downwards, contacting the water layer at the bottom of the tank. This causes the water layer to boil violently, generating a large number of bubbles. These bubbles rise to the surface of the oil layer and burst, generating a huge pressure pulse that causes vibration of the tank wall. When the number of bubbles in the oil layer is sufficient, the bursting of a large number of bubbles leads to boiling.

[0031] In implementation, the location of the ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter 1 can be arranged according to the actual situation to detect the vibration information of the tank wall caused by the pulse generated by the bursting of bubbles in the oil tank 5. The vibration information is converted into a signal and transmitted to the PC display terminal 3 through the data acquisition module 2. After receiving the signal, the PC display terminal 3 displays the vibration information in real time and triggers an alarm signal when the vibration signal exceeds the threshold. The alarm signal is transmitted to the alarm device 4, which immediately sounds an alarm to remind personnel to evacuate. When a fire breaks out in an oil tank and conventional firefighting measures fail to extinguish it, an ultra-long-range laser vibration meter 1 is deployed to detect the vibration information of the oil tank 5. As the oil temperature rises, the number of bubbles generated inside the oil tank 5 increases, and the pressure pulses caused by the bursting of these bubbles also increase. The ultra-long-range laser vibration meter 1 detects the vibration information of the tank wall of the oil tank 5 and converts it into a signal, which is transmitted to the PC display terminal 3 through the data acquisition module 2. After receiving the signal, the PC display terminal 3 displays the tank wall vibration information in real time. When the vibration signal exceeds a threshold, an alarm signal is triggered and transmitted to the alarm device 4. The alarm device 4 immediately sounds an alarm to remind relevant personnel to evacuate, thereby reducing casualties.

[0032] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned early warning technology for oil tank boiling fires based on ultra-long-distance laser vibrometers, and the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] (1) The oil tank boiling fire early warning device based on an ultra-long-distance laser vibrometer provided by this invention starts from the pressure pulse caused by the rupture of bubbles and provides a new method for early warning of boiling fires by detecting the vibration signal of the tank wall when an oil tank fire occurs. When an oil tank fire occurs and the fire cannot be extinguished after taking conventional fire extinguishing measures, the device utilizes the characteristic that a large number of bubbles are generated when a boiling fire occurs. The device detects the vibration signal of the tank wall caused by the rupture of a large number of bubbles using an ultra-long-distance laser vibrometer. The vibration information is received by the data acquisition module and transmitted to the PC display terminal to display the tank wall vibration signal in real time. An alarm device issues an alarm before boiling occurs to remind relevant personnel to respond immediately and evacuate.

[0034] (2) The ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter used in this invention can easily measure the surface vibration of large structures without generating additional mass. Moreover, it is a non-fixed device, and the staff can adjust the distance between the ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter and the burning oil tank according to the actual fire situation. This ensures that the ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter is not affected and operates stably throughout the oil tank fire.

[0035] (3) This invention proposes a novel early warning device for oil tank boiling fires by detecting tank wall vibration signals caused by pressure pulses resulting from bubble rupture using an ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter. This avoids the inability to effectively extract and identify the weak noise signals emitted by bubble rupture during the early stages of boiling fires due to noisy environments, thus achieving accurate early warning.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tank boiling fire early warning technology based on an ultra-long-distance laser vibrometer, characterized in that: It includes an ultra-long-range laser vibration meter and an oil tank; the ultra-long-range laser vibration meter is placed at a location far away from the oil tank; the ultra-long-range laser vibration meter is connected to a data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is connected to a PC display terminal, and the PC display terminal is connected to an alarm device; Taking advantage of the large number of bubbles generated during a boiling fire, the ultra-long-range laser vibration meter detects the tank wall vibration signal caused by the pressure pulse generated by the rupture of bubbles inside the oil tank. The data acquisition module receives the vibration information and converts it into a signal, which is then transmitted to the PC display terminal. The PC display terminal displays the tank wall vibration signal in real time and has a built-in vibration threshold. When the vibration signal exceeds the vibration threshold, an alarm signal is triggered. The PC display terminal transmits the alarm signal to the alarm device, which then issues an alarm upon receiving the alarm signal.

2. The oil tank boiling fire early warning technology based on an ultra-long-distance laser vibrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter is a non-fixed device.

3. The oil tank boiling fire early warning technology based on an ultra-long-distance laser vibrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultra-long-distance laser vibration meter, the data acquisition module, the PC display terminal, and the alarm device are all electrically connected.

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