A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of multi-microporous composite with sound absorption and sound insulation function, belong to sound absorption and insulation material noise reduction technical field;The material is by the organic particle is placed in 100-2000W power plasma atmosphere rolls or vibration to make the surface of organic particle softening inorganic powder particle and nano aerogel powder Bonding;Then in the plasma atmosphere of stepped decline, 50-2000W power motion processing, form multi-microporous rigid shell on the outer surface of organic particle, and continue to move after being treated in plasma atmosphere and obtain the flexible particle of coated rigid shell;The flexible particle of coated rigid shell and binder are stirred, cast and cured, and the multi-microporous composite is obtained;The material overcomes the defect that the sound absorption performance and sound insulation performance of existing material are difficult to be optimal, can also absorb solid sound transmission while absorbing air sound transmission, sound absorption spectrum is wide, sound absorption performance is strong, can be widely applied in the road or construction engineering with noise reduction requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions, belonging to the field of noise reduction technology for sound absorption and sound insulation materials. Background Technology

[0002] Since the Industrial Revolution, the creation and use of various mechanical equipment have brought prosperity and progress to humankind, but have also generated increasing and intensifying noise. For example, the rapid increase in the number of motor vehicles has made traffic noise a major source of noise in cities; industrial noise from various equipment in factories has a significant impact on workers and surrounding residents; construction noise from building machinery is intense and often occurs in densely populated areas, seriously affecting residents' rest and lives. Furthermore, with rapid economic development and improved living standards, society and people have placed higher demands on the health, environmental, and sound insulation performance of their environment. The development of sound-absorbing / insulating materials has become a focus of attention for researchers and users. Using high-performance materials for sound absorption and insulation in buildings is one of the most common and fundamental technical measures in building noise control engineering.

[0003] Sound absorption performance focuses on the amount of sound energy reflected from one side of the sound source, aiming to minimize reflected sound energy; sound absorption capacity is characterized by the sound absorption coefficient. Sound insulation performance, on the other hand, focuses on the amount of sound energy transmitted from the other side of the incident sound source, aiming to minimize transmitted sound energy; it is characterized by sound insulation coefficient. Furthermore, sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials are fundamentally different: sound-absorbing materials are porous, loose, and breathable, typical porous materials, usually manufactured using fibrous, granular, or foamed materials to create a porous structure, resulting in minimal reflection of incident sound energy. Sound-insulating materials, however, should possess dense properties like steel plates, lead plates, or brick walls, thereby reducing transmitted sound energy and blocking sound propagation. Because sound absorption and sound insulation performance have different requirements for material properties, and a high-density single material cannot simultaneously possess loose and porous characteristics, there is a certain inherent contradiction between the sound absorption and sound insulation properties of a material.

[0004] Therefore, in order to improve the sound absorption and sound insulation properties of building materials, reduce noise pollution, and improve the comfort of living and travel environments, it is essential to develop a multi-microporous noise reduction material that can coordinate the contradiction between the sound absorption and sound insulation properties of materials and possess both excellent sound insulation and sound absorption properties. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of existing sound-absorbing materials and sound-insulating materials in terms of poor sound insulation performance, the present invention aims to provide a multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions. The composite material overcomes the contradiction between the sound absorption and sound insulation performance of the material, and has both good sound absorption and sound insulation functions, effectively reducing noise pollution and improving the comfort of people's living and travel environment.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0007] A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions, wherein the raw materials of the composite material are composed of the following components in parts by weight: 85-95 parts of organic particles, 0.2-0.5 parts of nano-aerogel powder, 2-6 parts of inorganic powder, and 5-15 parts of binder.

[0008] The organic particles are rubber particles, acrylonitrile-butene-styrene (ABS) particles, polycarbonate (PC) particles, polypropylene (PP) particles, or polystyrene (PS) particles, and the sphericity coefficient of the organic particles is 0.90 to 0.99, and the particle size is 20 to 40 mesh.

[0009] The inorganic powder is stone powder, granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash or iron tailings, and the particle size of the inorganic powder is 200-500 μm.

[0010] The nano-aerogel powder is nano-silica (SiO2), nano-alumina (Al2O3), or nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2), and the density of the nano-aerogel powder is 50–100 kg / m³. 3 The average particle size is 5–100 μm;

[0011] The binder is cement with a hardened compressive strength ≥ 52.5 MPa, or resin with a compressive strength ≥ 80 MPa;

[0012] The composite material was prepared using the following method:

[0013] (1) Place the organic particles in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 100-2000W and move them for 1s-2h;

[0014] (2) Add nano aerogel powder and inorganic powder to the organic particles after motion treatment in step (1) to obtain a mixture powder; subject the mixture powder to motion treatment in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 50 to 2000W for 1s to 2h, wherein the power decreases stepwise, and a multi-microporous rigid shell is formed on the surface of the organic particles.

[0015] (3) Remove from the plasma atmosphere and continue rolling or vibrating motion treatment for 20 minutes to obtain flexible particles covered with a rigid shell; the motion treatment mentioned in steps (1) to (3) is rolling or vibration.

[0016] (4) The flexible particles and binder with rigid shell obtained in step (3) are first mixed at low speed for 1 to 3 minutes in a mortar mixer, then mixed at high speed for 1 to 2 minutes and cast into shape. After curing for 2 hours to 7 days, the binder hardens to form a porous skeleton. The gaps in the porous skeleton are filled with the flexible particles to form the microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions.

[0017] Preferably, in step (1), the organic particles are subjected to motion treatment in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 1500-2000W for 30-60 seconds;

[0018] In step (2), nano-aerogel powder and inorganic powder are added to the organic particles after motion treatment in step (1) to obtain a mixed powder. The mixed powder is then subjected to motion treatment in plasma atmospheres with power of 850-900W, 650-700W, 450-500W and 250-300W for 30-60 seconds respectively. Then, it is subjected to motion treatment in a plasma atmosphere with power of 50-100W for 10-15 minutes.

[0019] Preferably, the flexible particles with a rigid outer shell obtained in step (3) and the binder are first mixed in a mortar mixer at a rotation speed of 135-145 r / min and a revolution speed of 57-67 r / min for 1-3 min, and then at a rotation speed of 275-295 r / min and a revolution speed of 115-135 r / min for 1-2 min.

[0020] Preferably, the organic particles are rubber particles with a particle size of 40 mesh and a sphericity coefficient of 0.99.

[0021] Preferably, the nano-aerogel powder has a density of 50-80 kg / m³. 3 Nano-silica with an average particle size of 5–25 μm.

[0022] Preferably, the inorganic powder is granulated blast furnace slag or iron tailings with a particle size of 200-400 μm.

[0023] Preferably, the binder is an epoxy resin with a compressive strength ≥100MPa.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] (1) The present invention provides a multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions. The composite material is obtained by placing organic particles in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 100-2000W for rolling or vibration, so that the surface of the organic particles is softened and bonded with inorganic powder particles and nano-aerogel powder; then, it is subjected to motion treatment in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 50-2000W that descends in a stepwise manner, forming a multi-microporous rigid shell on the outer surface of the organic particles, and continuing motion treatment after leaving the plasma atmosphere to obtain flexible particles covered with the rigid shell; the flexible particles covered with the rigid shell are stirred with a binder, cast into shape and cured, and after the binder hardens, a porous skeleton is formed, and the gaps in the porous skeleton are filled with the flexible particles to obtain the multi-microporous composite material.

[0026] The multi-microporous rigid shell can effectively absorb airborne sound waves at frequencies of 5000–8000 Hz, and the internal organic particles can effectively absorb mechanical waves transmitted through solids through their own deformation, thus improving sound absorption performance. Simultaneously, the multi-microporous rigid shell protects the internal organic particles from deformation during subsequent composite material preparation and ensures uniform transmission of mechanical sound waves during the composite material's service life. This prevents irreversible deformation of the internal organic particles due to excessive local deformation of the shell, allowing the organic particles to densely fill the interior of the multi-microporous rigid shell, thereby reducing transmitted sound energy and blocking sound propagation, exhibiting excellent sound insulation performance. Furthermore, the robust porous framework formed after the binder hardens can effectively transmit mechanical waves to the flexible particles covering the rigid shell that fill the framework, achieving solid sound absorption. The numerous pores in the porous framework can effectively absorb airborne sound at frequencies of 50–5000 Hz. Therefore, the aforementioned microporous composite material can absorb sound transmitted through air and solids at the same time, overcoming the shortcomings of existing materials that are difficult to achieve both good sound absorption and sound insulation performance. Furthermore, its air absorption frequency range is 50 to 8000 Hz, which has the advantages of a wide sound absorption spectrum and strong sound absorption performance. It can be widely used in road or building projects with noise reduction requirements.

[0027] (2) The present invention provides a multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions. The organic particles in the multi-microporous composite material are all flexible and thermoplastic. They soften on the surface in a plasma atmosphere and can bond inorganic powder particles and nano-aerogel powder. The sphericity coefficient of more than 0.90 can ensure the uniformity of surface softening and surface bonding of nano-aerogel powder and inorganic powder when organic particles are subjected to plasma atmosphere motion treatment. In addition, after organic particles with a particle size of 20-40 mesh are subjected to plasma atmosphere motion treatment and surface bonding of nano-aerogel powder and inorganic powder, the resulting flexible particles with a porous rigid shell have a particle size that is slightly larger than that of organic particles. They can overlap with each other in the multi-microporous composite material to form more pores. The pores can absorb sound waves of 50-5000Hz and improve its sound absorption performance.

[0028] (3) The present invention provides a multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions. The inorganic powder in the multi-microporous composite material is tightly attached to the softened surface of the organic particles through motion treatment in the plasma atmosphere of organic particles, forming a multi-microporous shell with a certain rigidity composed of inorganic powder particles partially coated with organic materials. The shell can prevent the internal organic particles from deforming during the subsequent preparation of the multi-microporous composite material, and uniformly transmit mechanical sound waves during the service of the multi-microporous composite material, preventing irreversible deformation of the internal organic particles due to excessive local deformation, reducing the filling density of the organic particles inside the shell, and thus affecting the overall sound insulation performance of the composite material. At the same time, the tiny pores between the inorganic powder particles that make up the multi-microporous rigid shell can effectively absorb air sound waves with a frequency of 5000-8000Hz, enhance the absorption effect of the multi-microporous composite material on high-frequency sound waves, and also prevent the organic particles from directly contacting the external environment during the service stage, delaying their aging rate and extending the service life of the multi-microporous composite material.

[0029] (4) The present invention provides a multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions. The nano-aerogel powder added to the multi-microporous composite material has three functions: First, it adsorbs excessive organic particles and softens the surface during the preparation of flexible particles with rigid shells, preventing organic particles from agglomerating during plasma atmosphere motion treatment; Second, when nano-aerogel is mixed with inorganic powder, the nano-aerogel powder adsorbing softened organic matter can adhere to the surface of inorganic powder, preventing inorganic powder from agglomerating and improving the uniformity of inorganic powder coating organic particles; Third, the nano-aerogel powder itself has many micropores, which can further enhance the absorption of high-frequency sound waves by the flexible particles with rigid shells.

[0030] (5) The present invention provides a multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions. After the binder in the multi-microporous composite material hardens, it forms a solid porous skeleton. Flexible particles covering the rigid shell of the multi-microporous material fill the gaps in the skeleton. The porous skeleton not only absorbs low-frequency sound waves, but also supports and protects the flexible particles. Therefore, the strength of the binder used must meet the requirements. In view of the strength characteristics of cement and resin, the compressive strength of cement after hardening should be ≥52.5MPa and the compressive strength of resin should be ≥80MPa. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the flexible particles covering the rigid shell described in this invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions described in this invention;

[0033] Figure 3The sound absorption spectrum curves of the materials described in Comparative Examples 1-4 and Examples 1-6;

[0034] Figure 4 The sound insulation spectrum curves of the materials described in Comparative Examples 1-4 and Examples 1-6 are shown.

[0035] Among them, 1-organic particles, 2-inorganic powder, 3-nano aerogel powder, 4-multi-microporous rigid shell, 5-porous skeleton, and 6-flexible particles covering the rigid shell. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the methods described are conventional methods, and the raw materials described are obtainable from publicly available commercial sources.

[0037] Comparative Example 1

[0038] A sound insulation material, wherein the sound insulation material is ordinary C30 concrete, and its mix proportion is 175 kg / m³ of water. 3 Cement 461kg / m 3 Sand 512kg / m 3 1252 kg / m³ of gravel 3 After mixing and stirring evenly, the mixture was placed in a mold and pressed into shape to obtain cylindrical sound absorption test specimens with diameters of 28.5 mm and heights of 100 mm and 98.5 mm and heights of 100 mm, as well as cuboid strength test specimens with length, width and height dimensions of 150×150×150 mm. The specimens were demolded after 1 day and cured for 28 days.

[0039] Comparative Example 2

[0040] A sound-absorbing material, wherein the sound-absorbing material is a particulate sound-absorbing material, composed of 97 parts by weight of aeolian sand and 2 parts by weight of epoxy resin; after mixing and stirring, it is placed in a mold and pressed to obtain sound-absorbing test specimens with diameter of 28.5 mm and height of 100 mm and diameter of 98.5 mm and height of 100 mm, respectively, and cuboid strength test specimens with length, width and height of 150×150×150 mm, respectively. After curing at 120℃ for 2 hours, the specimens are demolded.

[0041] Comparative Example 3

[0042] A sound-absorbing material, wherein the sound-absorbing material is a foamed aluminum board, the foamed aluminum board having a porosity of 85% and a density of 405 kg / m³. 3 It has a compressive strength of 7.0 MPa, a sound absorption coefficient of 0.75, and a sound insulation of 23 dB.

[0043] Comparative Example 4

[0044] A composite material, wherein the raw material of the composite material is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 85 parts of rubber particles with a particle size of 40 mesh and a sphericity coefficient of 0.99, and a density of 50-80 kg / m³. 3 0.2 parts of nano-silica aerogel with an average particle size of 5-25 μm, 3 parts of granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size of 200-400 μm, and 6 parts of epoxy resin with a compressive strength ≥100 MPa.

[0045] The raw material components were placed in a mortar mixer and stirred simultaneously at a rotation speed of 135 r / min and a revolution speed of 57 r / min for 3 minutes. Then, they were stirred simultaneously at a rotation speed of 275 r / min and a revolution speed of 115 r / min for 2 minutes. The mixture was then placed in a mold and cast and pressed to obtain cylindrical sound absorption test specimens with diameters of 28.5 mm and heights of 100 mm and 98.5 mm and heights of 100 mm, and cuboid strength test specimens with dimensions of 150 × 150 × 150 mm. After curing at 120°C for 2 hours, the specimens were demolded to obtain the composite material.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the raw materials of the composite material are composed of the following components in parts by weight: 85 parts of organic particles 1, 0.2 parts of nano aerogel powder 2, 3 parts of inorganic powder 3, and 6 parts of binder.

[0048] The organic particles 1 are rubber particles with a particle size of 40 mesh and a sphericity coefficient of 0.99;

[0049] The nano-aerogel powder 2 has a density of 50-80 kg / m³. 3 Nano-sized silica aerogels with an average particle size of 5–25 μm;

[0050] The agent-free powder 3 is granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size of 200-400 μm;

[0051] The binder is an epoxy resin with a compressive strength ≥100MPa;

[0052] The composite material was prepared using the following method:

[0053] (1) Place the rubber particles in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 1500W and roll them for 45s;

[0054] (2) Add nano-silica aerogel and granulated blast furnace slag to the rubber particles after rolling in step (1) to obtain a mixture powder; roll the mixture powder in plasma atmospheres of 850W power, 650W power, 450W power and 250W power for 45s respectively, and then continue to roll in plasma atmosphere of 50W power for 11min to form a multi-microporous rigid shell 4 on the surface of the rubber particles;

[0055] (3) Remove from the plasma atmosphere and continue rolling for 20 minutes to obtain flexible particles 6 covered with a rigid shell;

[0056] (4) The flexible particles 6 with rigid shell obtained in step (3) and epoxy resin are mixed in a mortar mixer. First, they are mixed at a rotation speed of 135 r / min and a revolution speed of 57 r / min for 1.5 min. Then, they are mixed at a rotation speed of 275 r / min and a revolution speed of 115 r / min for 1 min and then cast into shape. After curing for 2 h, the binder hardens to form a porous skeleton 5. The gaps in the porous skeleton 5 are filled with the flexible particles 6 with rigid shell to form the microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation function.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions, wherein the raw materials of the composite material are composed of the following components in parts by weight: 85 parts of organic particles 1, 0.2 parts of nano-aerogel powder 2, 3 parts of inorganic powder 3, and 6 parts of binder.

[0059] The organic particles 1 are rubber particles with a particle size of 40 mesh and a sphericity coefficient of 0.99;

[0060] The nano-aerogel powder 2 has a density of 50-80 kg / m³. 3 Nano-sized silica aerogels with an average particle size of 5–25 μm;

[0061] The agent-free powder 3 is granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size of 200-400 μm;

[0062] The binder is a cement composed of 525 ordinary Portland cement and water in a mass ratio of 9:4, with a hardened compressive strength ≥52.5MPa;

[0063] The composite material was prepared using the following method:

[0064] (1) Place the rubber particles in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 1500W and roll them for 45s;

[0065] (2) Add nano-silica aerogel and granulated blast furnace slag to the rubber particles after vibration in step (1) to obtain a mixture powder; roll the mixture powder in plasma atmospheres of 850W power, 650W power, 450W power and 250W power for 45s in sequence, and then continue to roll in plasma atmosphere of 50W power for 11min to form a multi-microporous rigid shell 4 on the surface of the rubber particles;

[0066] (3) Remove from the plasma atmosphere and continue rolling for 20 minutes to obtain flexible particles 6 covered with a rigid shell;

[0067] (4) The flexible particles 6 with rigid shell obtained in step (3) and cement are first mixed in a mortar mixer at a rotation speed of 145 r / min and a revolution speed of 67 r / min for 1.5 min, and then at a rotation speed of 295 r / min and a revolution speed of 135 r / min for 1 min. The mixture is then poured into a mold and cast. After 1 day, the mold is removed and the mixture is cured for 28 days. After the binder hardens, a porous skeleton 5 is formed. The gaps in the porous skeleton 5 are filled with the flexible particles 6 with rigid shell, which constitute the microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions, wherein the raw materials of the composite material are composed of the following components in parts by weight:

[0070] Organic particles 1 consist of 95 parts, nano aerogel powder 2 consists of 0.5 parts, inorganic powder 3 consists of 6 parts, and binder consists of 8 parts.

[0071] The organic particles 1 are rubber particles with a particle size of 40 mesh and a sphericity coefficient of 0.99;

[0072] The nano-aerogel powder 2 has a density of 50-80 kg / m³. 3 Nano-sized silica aerogels with an average particle size of 5–25 μm;

[0073] The agent-free powder 3 is granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size of 200-400 μm;

[0074] The binder is an epoxy resin with a compressive strength ≥100MPa;

[0075] The composite material was prepared using the following method:

[0076] (1) Place the rubber particles in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 1500W and roll them for 45s;

[0077] (2) Add nano-silica aerogel and granulated blast furnace slag to the rubber particles after vibration in step (1) to obtain a mixture powder; roll the mixture powder in plasma atmospheres of 900W power, 700W power, 500W power and 300W power for 45s respectively, and then continue to roll in plasma atmosphere of 50W power for 11min to form a multi-microporous rigid shell 4 on the surface of the rubber particles;

[0078] (3) Remove from the plasma atmosphere and continue rolling for 20 minutes to obtain flexible particles 6 covered with a rigid shell;

[0079] (4) The flexible particles 6 with rigid shell obtained in step (3) and epoxy resin are first stirred in a mortar mixer at a rotation speed of 135 r / min and a revolution speed of 57 r / min for 1 min, and then stirred at a rotation speed of 275 r / min and a revolution speed of 115 r / min for 1 min and then cast into shape. After curing for 2 h, the binder hardens to form a porous skeleton 5. The gaps of the porous skeleton 5 are filled with the flexible particles 6 with rigid shell to form the microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation function.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions, wherein the raw materials of the composite material are composed of the following components in parts by weight:

[0082] Organic particles 1 consist of 95 parts, nano aerogel powder 2 consists of 0.5 parts, inorganic powder 3 consists of 6 parts, and binder consists of 8 parts.

[0083] The organic particles 1 are rubber particles with a particle size of 20 mesh and a sphericity coefficient of 0.99;

[0084] The nano-aerogel powder 2 has a density of 50-80 kg / m³. 3 Nano-sized silica aerogels with an average particle size of 5–25 μm;

[0085] The agent-free powder 3 is granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size of 200-400 μm;

[0086] The binder is an epoxy resin with a compressive strength ≥100MPa;

[0087] The composite material was prepared using the following method:

[0088] (1) Place the rubber particles in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 2000W and roll them for 60s;

[0089] (2) Add nano-silica aerogel and granulated blast furnace slag to the rubber particles after vibration in step (1) to obtain a mixture powder; roll the mixture powder in plasma atmospheres of 1900W, 1500W, 1100W, 600W and 200W power for 60s respectively, and then continue to roll in plasma atmosphere of 50W power for 15min to form a multi-microporous rigid shell 4 on the surface of the rubber particles;

[0090] (3) Remove from the plasma atmosphere and continue rolling for 20 minutes to obtain flexible particles 6 covered with a rigid shell;

[0091] (4) The flexible particles 6 with rigid shell obtained in step (3) and epoxy resin are first stirred in a mortar mixer at a rotation speed of 135 r / min and a revolution speed of 57 r / min for 1.5 min, and then stirred at a rotation speed of 275 r / min and a revolution speed of 115 r / min for 1 min. The mixture is then poured and molded, cured for 2 h, and after the binder hardens, a porous skeleton 5 is formed. The gaps in the porous skeleton 5 are filled with the flexible particles 6 with rigid shell to form the microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions.

[0092] Example 5

[0093] A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions, wherein the raw materials of the composite material are composed of the following components in parts by weight:

[0094] Organic particles 1 consist of 95 parts, nano aerogel powder 2 consists of 0.5 parts, inorganic powder 3 consists of 6 parts, and binder consists of 14 parts.

[0095] The organic particles 1 are rubber particles with a particle size of 20 mesh and a sphericity coefficient of 0.99;

[0096] The nano-aerogel powder 2 has a density of 50-80 kg / m³. 3 Nano-sized silica aerogels with an average particle size of 5–25 μm;

[0097] The agent-free powder 3 is granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size of 200-400 μm;

[0098] The binder is an epoxy resin with a compressive strength ≥100MPa;

[0099] The composite material was prepared using the following method:

[0100] (1) Place the rubber particles in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 2000W and roll them for 60s;

[0101] (2) Add nano-silica aerogel and granulated blast furnace slag to the rubber particles after vibration in step (1) to obtain a mixture powder; roll the mixture powder in plasma atmospheres of 1900W, 1500W, 1100W, 600W and 200W power for 60s respectively, and then continue to roll in plasma atmosphere of 50W power for 15min to form a multi-microporous rigid shell 4 on the surface of the rubber particles;

[0102] (3) Remove from the plasma atmosphere and continue rolling for 20 minutes to obtain flexible particles 6 covered with a rigid shell;

[0103] (4) The flexible particles 6 with rigid shell obtained in step (3) and epoxy resin are first stirred in a mortar mixer at a rotation speed of 135 r / min and a revolution speed of 57 r / min for 3 minutes, and then stirred at a rotation speed of 275 r / min and a revolution speed of 115 r / min for 2 minutes. The mixture is then poured and molded, cured for 2 hours, and after the binder hardens, a porous skeleton 5 is formed. The gaps in the porous skeleton 5 are filled with the flexible particles 6 with rigid shell to form the microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions.

[0104] Example 6

[0105] A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions, wherein the raw materials of the composite material are composed of the following components in parts by weight:

[0106] Organic particles 1 consist of 95 parts, nano aerogel powder 2 consists of 0.5 parts, inorganic powder 3 consists of 6 parts, and binder consists of 14 parts.

[0107] The organic particles 1 are polypropylene particles with a particle size of 30 mesh and a sphericity coefficient of 0.99;

[0108] The nano-aerogel powder 2 has a density of 50-80 kg / m³. 3 Nano-sized titanium dioxide aerogels with an average particle size of 5–25 μm;

[0109] The agent-free powder 3 is iron tailings with a particle size of 200-400 μm;

[0110] The binder is an epoxy resin with a compressive strength ≥100MPa;

[0111] The composite material was prepared using the following method:

[0112] (1) Place the polypropylene particles in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 1700W and roll them for 50s.

[0113] (2) Add nano-titanium dioxide aerogel and iron tailings to the polypropylene particles after vibration in step (1) to obtain a mixed powder; roll the mixed powder in plasma atmospheres of 1600W, 1200W, 800W and 400W power for 50s respectively; then continue to roll in plasma atmosphere of 50W power for 13min to form a multi-microporous rigid shell 4 on the surface of polypropylene particles.

[0114] (3) Remove from the plasma atmosphere and continue rolling for 20 minutes to obtain flexible particles 6 covered with a rigid shell;

[0115] (4) The flexible particles 6 with rigid shell obtained in step (3) and epoxy resin are first stirred in a mortar mixer at a rotation speed of 135 r / min and a revolution speed of 57 r / min for 2 min, and then stirred at a rotation speed of 275 r / min and a revolution speed of 115 r / min for 1.5 min and then cast into shape. After curing for 2 h, the binder hardens to form a porous skeleton 5. The gaps of the porous skeleton 5 are filled with the flexible particles 6 with rigid shell to form the microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation function.

[0116] After the molded specimens described in Comparative Examples 1-4 and Examples 1-6 were cured to the required age, their sound absorption and sound insulation properties were tested using the standing wave tube method, and their compressive strength was tested using a 50KN press. The test results are as follows: Figures 3-4 As shown in Table 1: From Figure 3 and Figure 4 The sound absorption and insulation test results of Comparative Example 4 and Examples 1-6 show that the flexible particles with a rigid shell prepared by the method described in this invention can effectively improve the sound absorption and sound insulation performance of the material. A comparison of Examples 1 and 2 shows that when resin is used as a binder, the sound absorption and insulation effect of the resulting microporous composite material is slightly better than when cement is used as a binder. A comparison of the test results of Examples 1 and 3 shows that increasing the content of organic particles, binder, nano-aerogel powder, and inorganic powder is beneficial to the sound absorption and insulation effect of the material. A comparison of the test results of Examples 4 and 3 shows that when the particle size of the organic particles used to prepare the flexible particles with the rigid shell is increased, the sound absorption and insulation performance of the microporous composite material can be accurately controlled by appropriately extending the power and processing time of the continued motion treatment in the plasma atmosphere. A comparison of the sound absorption and insulation test results of Examples 5 and 4 shows that increasing the binder content improves the sound insulation performance of the material, but is detrimental to the sound absorption performance.

[0117] Furthermore, the sound insulation of the microporous composite materials described in Examples 1-6 is close to that of ordinary concrete sound insulation materials, while the sound absorption coefficient is close to that of the foamed aluminum plate sound absorption material in Comparative Example 3. This indicates that the microporous composite materials of the present invention possess both good sound absorption and sound insulation properties, achieving a combination of sound absorption and sound insulation. Meanwhile, compared to Comparative Example 1, Example 3, with the best sound absorption and insulation effect, showed a 3.7% increase in sound insulation and a 3850% increase in sound absorption coefficient; compared to Comparative Example 4, Example 3, with the best sound absorption and insulation effect, showed a 64.7% increase in sound insulation and a 146.9% increase in sound absorption coefficient. This demonstrates that the flexible particles coated with a porous rigid shell prepared using the method described in the present invention can simultaneously improve the sound absorption and sound insulation properties of the material.

[0118] Furthermore, the compressive strength of the multi-microporous composite materials with sound absorption and sound insulation functions described in Examples 1 to 6 of this invention is higher than that of Comparative Examples 2 to 4, proving that the mechanical properties of the multi-microporous composite materials are also superior to those of commonly used sound-absorbing materials.

[0119] Table 1. Test results of material properties described in Comparative Examples 1-4 and Examples 1-6

[0120]

[0121] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions, characterized in that: It is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-95 parts organic particles, 0.2-0.5 parts nano aerogel powder, 2-6 parts inorganic powder, and 5-15 parts binder; The organic particles are one of rubber particles, ABS particles, PC particles, PP particles and PS particles, and the sphericity coefficient of the organic particles is 0.90~0.99 and the particle size is 20~40 mesh. The inorganic powder is one of stone powder, granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash and iron tailings, and the particle size of the inorganic powder is 200~500μm; The nano-aerogel is one of nano-SiO2, nano-Al2O3, and nano-TiO2, and the density of the nano-aerogel is 50~100 kg / m³. 3 The average particle size is 5~100μm; The binder is cement with a hardened compressive strength ≥ 52.5 MPa or resin with a compressive strength ≥ 80 MPa; The composite material is prepared using the following method: (1) Place the organic particles in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 100~2000W and move them for 1s~2h; (2) Add nano aerogel powder and inorganic powder to organic particles to obtain a mixture powder; subject the mixture powder to motion treatment in a plasma atmosphere with a step-down gradient and a power of 50~2000W for 1s~2h; (3) After leaving the plasma atmosphere, continue the motion treatment for 20 minutes to obtain flexible particles covered with a rigid shell; the motion treatment in steps (1) to (3) is rolling or vibration; (4) The flexible particles and binder are first mixed at low speed for 1 to 3 minutes in a mortar mixer, then mixed at high speed for 1 to 2 minutes, poured into shape, and cured for 2 hours to 7 days.

2. The multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the organic particles are placed in a plasma atmosphere with a power of 1500~2000W and subjected to motion treatment for 30~60s; In step (2), nano-aerogel powder and inorganic powder are added to the organic particles to obtain a mixed powder. The mixed powder is then subjected to plasma atmospheres with power of 850~900W, 650~700W, 450~500W and 250~300W for 30~60s respectively. It is then subjected to plasma atmospheres with power of 50~100W for 10~15min.

3. The multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible particles and binder are first mixed in a mortar mixer at a rotation speed of 135-145 r / min and a revolution speed of 57-67 r / min for 1-3 minutes, and then at a rotation speed of 275-295 r / min and a revolution speed of 115-135 r / min for 1-2 minutes.

4. A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The organic particles are rubber particles with a particle size of 40 mesh and a sphericity coefficient of 0.

99.

5. A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The nano-aerogel powder has a density of 50~80 kg / m³. 3 Nano-SiO2 with an average particle size of 5~25μm.

6. A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The inorganic powder is granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size of 200~400μm or iron tailings with a particle size of 200~400μm.

7. A multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The binder is an epoxy resin with a compressive strength ≥100MPa.

8. The multi-microporous composite material with sound absorption and sound insulation functions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The organic particles are rubber particles with a particle size of 40 mesh and a sphericity coefficient of 0.99; the nano-aerogel powder has a density of 50~80 kg / m³. 3 The components are: nano-SiO2 with an average particle size of 5-25 μm; the inorganic powder is granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size of 200-400 μm or iron tailings with a particle size of 200-400 μm; and the binder is epoxy resin with a compressive strength ≥100 MPa.

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