A field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device and its usage method for small insects.

Abstract

This invention discloses a field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device and its method for small insects, belonging to the technical field of small insect research devices. It includes a trapping device, a collection device, and an observation and rearing device, which are connected to the collection device via a separation device. The trapping device includes a lampshade with an insect-attracting lamp inside, and a water basin connected to the bottom of the lampshade, with a water-blocking plug at the bottom opening of the water basin. The collection device includes an insect-collecting bottle with an insect inlet at one end and a cap at the other end. The observation and rearing device includes an observation chamber and a supply box. The observation chamber has insect inlet holes on both sides communicating with the separation device, and a hydroponic inlet at the bottom, with a planting basket at the bottom of the hydroponic inlet. This invention integrates the field trapping and collection device into one unit, allowing for easy and quick functional replacement through simple disassembly. The observation device is characterized by minimal disturbance, as it does not require opening and closing during water replenishment, resulting in a low escape rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of small insect research devices, specifically to a field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device for small insects. Background Technology

[0002] my country is a major agricultural country, and crop diseases and pests are the most significant biological disasters. Given suitable environments, host plants, and harmful organisms, large-scale outbreaks of diseases and pests can occur, severely damaging agricultural production and causing enormous economic losses. While chemical control is highly efficient and rapid in agricultural production, the use of chemical pesticides has led to increasingly prominent problems in recent years, including pesticide residues, the development of resistance, and the resurgence of harmful organisms. Therefore, monitoring the population dynamics of field pests and their natural enemies, observing the biological characteristics of live insects in the field, and promptly developing green control measures to keep field pests under control at economically acceptable levels are extremely important.

[0003] In agricultural scientific research, the study of the biological characteristics of target insects is a fundamental research area. Population identification, biological characteristics, and behavioral observation of intact live insects in the field lay the foundation for field pest control research. However, most current field traps are kill-type traps, which cannot effectively trap intact live insects. Furthermore, most field insects are phototactic; while insecticidal lamps are commonly used in agricultural production to eliminate pests, their effectiveness is limited to nighttime, presenting significant limitations.

[0004] Secondly, insects collected in the field are usually complex and diverse, and existing devices cannot separate them; they are directly placed into rearing and observation devices after collection. Currently, small insect rearing and observation devices mainly include transparent plastic boxes, transparent glass jars, petri dishes, and micro-insect rearing boxes. However, all of these devices require water-retained culture of detached leaves. The watering process can disturb the insects' behavior, causing experimental errors or causing insects to escape. In addition, rearing a single detached leaf cannot accurately reflect the insects' behavior on the host plant, while potted plants have the problem of occupying a large area. Furthermore, the sealed corners of the above devices are difficult to observe.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device and its usage method for small insects has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by technicians in the field of agricultural pest research. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device and method for small insects, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A field trapping, collection, observation and rearing device for small insects includes a trapping device, a collection device and an observation and rearing device. The collection device is located at the bottom of the trapping device and the observation and rearing device is connected to the collection device through a separation device.

[0009] The trapping device includes a lampshade, inside which is a hanging lamp for attracting insects. A hook is provided on the top of the lampshade, and a water basin is connected to the bottom of the lampshade. A plug is provided at the opening at the bottom of the water basin.

[0010] The collection device includes an insect collection bottle, one end of which has an insect inlet and the other end has a cap;

[0011] The observation and rearing device includes an observation chamber on the upper level and a supply box on the lower level. The observation chamber has inlet holes on both sides that communicate with the separation device. The bottom of the observation chamber has a mirror and a hydroponic inlet. The bottom of the hydroponic inlet has a planting basket. The observation chamber has a transparent, straight-bottomed, round structure.

[0012] When it is necessary to trap and kill insects in the field, sticky insect boards are placed on the outside of the lampshade and the water basin, transparent isolation cardboard sprayed with sticky insect glue is placed inside the lampshade, and water is poured into the water basin.

[0013] When it is necessary to collect insects in the field, pull out the water-blocking plug, insert the insect-collecting bottle with the insect inlet end into the opening of the water basin, and place a pheromone lure inside the bottle cap.

[0014] Furthermore, the lampshade is connected to the water basin by a hoop, and the hoop is equipped with an adjustment knob.

[0015] Furthermore, a lampshade frame is provided on the outside of the lampshade, and the hook is provided on the top of the lampshade frame.

[0016] Furthermore, the separation device includes a separation chamber and multiple containment chambers. The separation chamber has insect outlets on both sides. The insect outlets are connected to the multiple containment chambers through a first insect-splitting channel. The multiple containment chambers are connected to the observation chamber through a second insect-splitting channel.

[0017] Furthermore, both the first and second insect-splitting channels include three glass tubes and two rubber hoses, with the two rubber hoses located between adjacent glass tubes. The end of the glass tube furthest from the rubber hose is connected to the containment chamber and the observation chamber.

[0018] Furthermore, the top of the separation chamber is equipped with an insect-proof netting.

[0019] Furthermore, the receiving chamber is equipped with a mesh cover, and a pheromone attractant is placed inside the mesh cover.

[0020] Furthermore, both the observation room and the supply box are equipped with ventilation holes, and insect-proof nets are installed at the ventilation holes.

[0021] Furthermore, the supply box includes a water-retaining tank, with a water inlet and a nutrient replenishment hole on the outside of the water-retaining tank, and a water-retaining pipe inside the water-retaining tank, which is connected to the planting basket, and the planting basket contains planting cotton.

[0022] A method for using a field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device for small insects includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Plug the bottom of the basin with a water plug and put the insect filter bag inside the basin. Then connect the lampshade to the basin with a hoop. Put the insect-attracting lamp into the opening at the top of the lampshade and plug it to seal the opening. Put the sticky insect board on the lampshade and the basin.

[0024] Step 2: Add an appropriate amount of water to the basin, tear off the isolation film of the sticky insect board, spray the sticky insect glue on the transparent isolation cardboard inside the lampshade, and turn on the insect-attracting lamp to achieve field trapping and killing.

[0025] Step 3: When it is necessary to collect live insects, remove the sticky insect board and transparent isolation board, open the water plug at the bottom of the water basin, drain the water in the basin, insert the insect collection bottle into the bottom of the water basin, put the pheromone lure into the cap of the insect collection bottle, and then turn on the insect-attracting lamp to collect live insects in the field.

[0026] Step four: Transfer the insects in the insect collection bottle into the separation device to separate the target insects;

[0027] Step 5: When it is necessary to observe the morphology of the target insect, clamp the rubber tubing on both sides of the glass tube for direct observation, or clamp the rubber tubing to remove the glass tube and observe it under a stereomicroscope.

[0028] Step six: When it is necessary to observe the behavior of the target insect, insert the tender branches of the host plant into the planting basket through the hydroponic inlet, wrap it with planting cotton to fix it, connect the two sides to the housing chamber of the target insect, and transfer the separated target insect into the observation room to observe and study its behavior.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] By integrating the trapping and collection devices into one unit, the functions can be easily replaced through disassembly. It has the advantages of convenience, speed, and efficiency. It can not only trap and remove insects in the field, but also capture live insects, which makes it convenient to observe and raise the collected target insects for scientific research such as biology and behavior.

[0031] A transparent, straight-bottomed circular dome was used as the observation chamber. Host plant twigs were hydroponically introduced inside, and a water-holding tank was connected to the bottom. Ventilation holes and water inlets on the outer wall were used for ventilation and water supply, thus simulating a small field habitat for the target insects to inhabit. This improved the accuracy of observation and research, reduced the number of disturbances and the insect escape rate, and the transparent, straight-bottomed circular dome was not limited by observation and could be used for observation from all directions.

[0032] By installing a mirror at the bottom of the observation chamber, it is easier to observe the behavior and activities of target insects on the underside of leaves;

[0033] Rubber hoses are provided on both sides of the glass tube. By clamping the rubber hoses, the number of insects entering and exiting can be controlled, making it convenient to seal the target insects in the glass tube for morphological observation and research. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the trapping device and the collection device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the separation device and observation and feeding device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the observation chamber and supply box structure of the present invention.

[0038] Among them, 1-trapping device, 11-lampshade, 12-insect-attracting hanging lamp, 13-hook, 14-water basin, 15-transparent isolation cardboard, 16-hoop, 17-adjustment knob, 18-lampshade frame, 2-collection device, 21-insect-collecting bottle, 22-pheromone lure, 23-insect inlet, 3-observation and rearing device, 31-observation room, 32-supply box, 33-insect inlet hole, 34-planting basket, 35-water pipe, 36-water inlet, 37-nutrient supplement hole, 38-host plant tender branch, 39-ventilation hole, 4-separation device, 41-separation chamber, 42-accommodation chamber, 43-insect-proof net cover, 44-mesh net cover, 5-glass tube, 6-rubber hose, 7-hose clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Combination Figures 1 to 4This embodiment provides a field trapping, collection, observation and rearing device 3 for small insects, including a trapping device 1, a collection device 2, and an observation and rearing device 3. The collection device 2 is located at the bottom of the trapping device 1, and the observation and rearing device 3 is connected to the collection device 2 through a separation device 4.

[0042] The trapping device 1 includes a lampshade 11, an insect-attracting hanging lamp 12 inside the lampshade 11, a hook 13 on the top of the lampshade 11, a water basin 14 connected to the bottom of the lampshade 11, and a water plug at the opening at the bottom of the water basin 14.

[0043] The collection device 2 includes an insect collection bottle 21, one end of which is provided with an insect inlet 23, and the other end is provided with a bottle cap;

[0044] The observation and feeding device 3 includes an observation chamber 31 located on the upper layer and a supply box 32 located on the lower layer. The observation chamber 31 has insect inlet holes 33 on both sides that are connected to the separation device 4. The bottom of the observation chamber 31 is provided with a mirror and a hydroponic inlet. The bottom of the hydroponic inlet is provided with a planting basket 34. The observation chamber 31 is a transparent straight-bottom round cover structure.

[0045] When it is necessary to trap and kill insects in the field, sticky insect boards are set on the outside of the lampshade 11 and the water basin 14, a transparent isolation cardboard 15 sprayed with sticky insect glue is set inside the lampshade 11, and water is filled into the water basin 14.

[0046] When it is necessary to collect insects in the field, pull out the water-blocking plug, insert one end of the insect collecting bottle 21 with the insect inlet 23 into the opening of the water basin 14, and place the pheromone lure 22 inside the bottle cap.

[0047] In this embodiment, the lampshade 11 is a light-proof and rain-proof iron funnel-shaped structure with a circular iron frame at the lower edge to support the light-proof funnel-shaped water basin 14 below. The water basin 14 is connected to the lampshade 11 by a hoop 16, forming an insect-trapping inlet 23 at the connection. The bottom of the water basin 14 has a 6cm round opening, which is sealed with a rubber plug connected by a double-sided protective rubber ring. When trapping insects in the field, the insect-attracting hanging light 12 uses a specific light wave charging light for the target insect, and is combined with a transparent isolation cardboard 15 covered with sticky insect glue and a water basin 14 filled with water to form a light, water, and color attraction system that traps and kills insects day and night, making the trapping and killing more efficient.

[0048] Preferably, the lampshade 11 and the water basin 14 are connected by a hoop 16, and the hoop 16 is provided with an adjustment knob 17. In this embodiment, a filter mesh bag can also be placed in the water basin 14 for convenient and quick filtering of insects.

[0049] Preferably, the lampshade 11 has a lampshade frame 18 on its outer side, and the hook is disposed on the top of the lampshade frame 18.

[0050] Preferably, the separation device 4 includes a separation chamber 41 and a plurality of containment chambers 42. The separation chamber 41 has insect outlets on both sides. The insect outlets are connected to the plurality of containment chambers 42 through a first insect-separating channel. The plurality of containment chambers 42 are connected to the observation chamber 31 through a second insect-separating channel.

[0051] In this embodiment, a black light-proof sealed plastic box is connected to a black insect-proof net cover 43 at the top to form a separation chamber 41. A 2cm insect outlet is opened on each of the left and right sides of the upper end of the separation chamber 41, and a double-sided protective rubber ring is connected to a double-through soft rubber plug. A 6cm round opening is opened at the top of the black light-proof sealed plastic box, and a mesh cover 44 is glued on. The opening is sealed with sealing tape to form a sealed containment chamber 42.

[0052] In this embodiment, both the first and second insect-splitting channels include three glass tubes 5 and two rubber hoses 6. The two rubber hoses are located between adjacent glass tubes, and the end of the glass tube furthest from the rubber hose is connected to the receiving chamber 42 and the observation chamber 31. Both the glass tubes and the rubber hoses are double-through glass tubes.

[0053] In this embodiment, there are two containment chambers 42. A specific pheromone attractant is placed in the mesh bag of the containment chamber 42 to effectively prevent the target insect from escaping when it is taken out or placed in. A separation channel is formed by connecting a double-through glass tube and a double-through rubber hose, which are connected in sequence to the separation chamber 41, the containment chamber 42 and the observation chamber 31. When the target insect advances to the middle double-through glass tube, the rubber hoses on both sides are clamped with hose clamps 7 to trap the target and observe its morphology. It can be disassembled and observed under a microscope.

[0054] Preferably, both the observation room 31 and the supply box 32 are provided with ventilation holes 39, and insect-proof nets are provided at the ventilation holes 39. The supply box 32 includes a water-retaining tank, and the outside of the water-retaining tank is provided with a water inlet 36 and a nutrient replenishment hole 37. The water-retaining tank is provided with a water-retaining pipe 35 inside, and the water-retaining pipe 35 is connected to the planting basket 34. The planting basket 34 contains planting cotton.

[0055] In this embodiment, the observation and rearing device 3 is composed of a transparent, straight-bottomed circular cover (18cm high, 6cm in radius), made of polycarbonate, which has high transparency while ensuring the overall compressive strength of the device. Both the upper and lower layers are detachable. The upper layer is a detachable (knob-operated) observation chamber 31, and the lower layer is a detachable supply box 32. A 1cm hydroponic inlet is left at the white center of the bottom of the observation chamber 31. A planting basket 34 and planting cotton are provided below the hydroponic inlet. A 2cm water inlet 36 and several ventilation holes 39 are provided on the top of the outer side of the water tank. The water inlet 36 is sealed with a rubber plug. Water is added using a syringe. A 2cm insect inlet 23 is opened on each side of the center of the circular cover of the observation chamber 31 and connected with a double-ended soft rubber plug, and four 2*3cm ventilation holes are provided. Each ventilation hole is connected with a layer of flat insect-proof netting with glue.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] This embodiment provides a method for using a field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device 3 for small insects, including the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Plug the water-blocking plug at the bottom of the water basin 14 and put the insect filter bag inside the water basin 14. Then connect the lampshade 11 to the water basin 14 through the hoop 16. Put the insect-attracting hanging lamp 12 into the opening at the top of the lampshade 11 and plug it to seal the opening. Put the sticky insect board on the lampshade 11 and the water basin 14.

[0059] Step 2: Add an appropriate amount of water to the basin 14, tear off the isolation film of the sticky insect board, spray sticky insect glue on the transparent isolation cardboard 15 inside the lamp cover 11, and turn on the insect-attracting lamp to achieve field trapping and killing.

[0060] Step 3: When it is necessary to collect live insects, remove the sticky insect board and transparent isolation board, open the water plug at the bottom of the water basin 14, drain the water in the water basin 14, insert the insect collection bottle 21 into the bottom of the water basin 14, put the pheromone lure into the bottle cap of the insect collection bottle 21, and then turn on the insect-attracting lamp to collect live insects in the field.

[0061] Step 4: Transfer the insects in the insect collection bottle 21 into the separation device 4 to separate the target insects;

[0062] Step 5: When it is necessary to observe the morphology of the target insect, clamp the rubber tubing on both sides of the glass tube for direct observation, or clamp the rubber tubing to remove the glass tube and observe it under a stereomicroscope.

[0063] Step six: When it is necessary to observe the behavior of the target insect, insert the tender branches of the host plant into the planting basket through the hydroponic inlet, and fix it with planting cotton. Connect the two sides to the housing chamber 42 for the target insect, and transfer the separated target insect into the observation chamber 31 to observe its behavior.

[0064] Experimental Example 1

[0065] The following experimental examples compare the device of the present invention with a conventional device, and respectively conduct field trapping, collection, separation and observation and rearing experiments on tomato leafminer moth.

[0066] Field trapping experiment: The device of this invention, the blue sticky insect board, the light-dampened water basin trap, and the light-dampened sticky board trap were respectively hung in four tomato greenhouses with the same level of damage and variety. After 24 hours, the number of adult tomato leafminers attracted by the four devices was recorded.

[0067] Field collection experiment: In two tomato greenhouses with the same incidence and variety, the present invention and the net sweeping method were used to collect adult tomato leafminers at 19:00 in the evening. The number of damages caused to the flowers, leaves and fruits of the tomato plants by 30 adult tomato leafminers collected, as well as the number of damages caused to the adult tomato leafminers, were recorded.

[0068] Separation experiment: Insects collected from the field were used to separate adult tomato leafminers using the present invention and artificial methods. The time taken to separate 100 adult tomato leafminers using the two methods was recorded, as well as the number of escaped insects and the number of adult tomato leafminers damaged during the operation.

[0069] Observation and rearing experiments: These experiments were conducted in the laboratory. Four devices—the apparatus of this invention, a transparent glass jar, a transparent plastic lunchbox, and a micro-insect rearing box—were used to observe and rear the mating and oviposition behavior of adult tomato leafminers. Five pairs of newly emerged male and female leafminers and a 10cm healthy tomato shoot were placed in each of the four devices as habitats. The time required for water changes, the number of days the tomato shoot was kept submerged, and the number of leafminers escaping during the process were recorded for each device.

[0070] (1) Field trapping experiment of tomato leafminer

[0071] Table 1 shows the number of tomato leafminers killed by different devices in 24 hours.

[0072]

[0073] Note: The number of animals trapped in the table is the mean ± standard error. Identical lowercase letters indicate no significant difference, while different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference. Significance was calculated using SPSS 25. Data in the same column marked with different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference at the P < 0.05 level according to the LSD test.

[0074] Table 1 shows that the four devices performed differently in greenhouses with the same tomato variety and infestation level. The device of this invention had the best field trapping effect on adult tomato leafminers, trapping 35.80 leafminers, the highest number, significantly higher than the other devices (F). 3,16 =120.906, P<0.001).

[0075] (2) Field collection experiment of tomato leafminer

[0076] Table 2. Mechanical damage to tomato plants and adult tomato leafminers collected by different devices.

[0077]

[0078] Note: The number of damaged flowers, leaves, and adult tomato leafminers in the table are all mean ± standard error. Identical lowercase letters indicate no significant difference, while different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference. Significance was calculated using SPSS 25.

[0079] Table 2 shows that when collecting 30 adult tomato leafminers in the field using the device of this invention and an insect-catching net, the device causes minimal mechanical damage to both the tomato plants and the adult tomato leafminers. The mechanical damage to the plants is zero, significantly lower than the mechanical damage caused by the insect-catching net. The number of adult tomato leafminers damaged is only 2, significantly lower than the mechanical damage caused by the insect-catching net (F...). 1,9 =1034.462, P<0.001; F 1,9 =93.241, P<0.001; F 1,9 =40.048, P<0.001).

[0080] (3) Isolation experiment of tomato leafminer

[0081] Table 3. Separation time, number of escaped insects, and number of insects damaged by different methods for tomato leafminer adults.

[0082]

[0083] Note: Separation time, number of escaped insects, and number of damaged insects in the table are mean ± standard error. Identical lowercase letters indicate no significant difference, while different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference. Significance was calculated using SPSS 25.

[0084] Table 3 shows that the present invention saves a significant amount of time compared to manual separation. Manual separation of 100 adult tomato leafminers takes 62 minutes, approximately 5.4 times longer than that of the present invention. Furthermore, the mechanical damage and escape rate of the adult tomato leafminers caused by the present invention are significantly lower than those caused by manual separation (F...). 1,9 =540.643, P<0.001; F 1,9 =1000.141, P<0.001; F 1,9 =33.800, P<0.001).

[0085] (3) Observation and rearing experiment of tomato leafminer

[0086] Table 4. Water change time and number of escaped adult tomato leafminers under different rearing devices.

[0087]

[0088] Table 4 shows that compared to the other three devices, this invention significantly reduces water change time costs. The water change time of this invention is 21 seconds, significantly shorter than the other three devices. During the water change operation, this invention uses external water addition without requiring the device to be opened, preventing the escape of adult tomato leafminers. In contrast, the other three devices all require opening the device for water change, resulting in a significantly higher number of escaped insects compared to this invention. 3,16 =2223.425, P<0.001; F 3,16 =28.333, P<0.001).

[0089] Analysis of the results of the observation experiment on tomato leafminer

[0090] Experimental results on tomato leafminer moths show that the field trapping device used in this invention is significantly superior to traditional sticky traps, water basin traps, and light traps; the mechanical damage rate of the collection device of this invention to the host plant is far lower than that of the disc-tapping method and the net-sweeping method; the mechanical damage rate of the separation device of this invention to the target insects is far lower than that of manual separation, and the insect separation efficiency is far higher than that of manual separation; the observation and rearing device of this invention is also significantly superior to traditional devices such as petri dishes, transparent plastic lunch boxes, transparent glass jars, and micro-insect rearing boxes.

[0091] This invention relates to a device and method suitable for small insects such as the tomato leafminer. Experiments on the trapping, collection, separation, and observation / rearing of tomato leafminers demonstrate that the trapping device of this invention has a high insect-killing rate and efficient insect attraction. It can be reused simply by adding water and replacing the sticky insect board, resulting in low cost. The trapping and collection functions can be easily switched by disassembly and reassembly, making disassembly and assembly convenient and quick. During collection and separation, there is minimal mechanical damage to the tomato plants and tomato leafminers. During behavioral observation and rearing, the device causes minimal disturbance to the tomato leafminers, resulting in a low escape rate for adults. Furthermore, this invention does not require opening or closing the observation chamber when adding water, thus preventing the tomato leafminers from escaping.

[0092] Experimental Example 2

[0093] This invention and a traditional device were used to conduct field trapping, collection, and separation experiments of spotted-winged fruit flies.

[0094] Field trapping experiment: The device of this invention, the yellow sticky insect board, the light-filled water basin trap, and the light-filled sticky board trap were respectively hung in a bayberry orchard with the same degree of damage and variety. After 24 hours, the number of adult fruit flies attracted by the four devices was recorded.

[0095] Field collection experiment: In the same bayberry orchard with the same incidence and variety, adult spotted-winged fruit flies were collected at 12 noon using both the present invention and the net sweeping method. The number of damages caused to bayberry leaves and fruits by 50 adult spotted-winged fruit flies collected, as well as the number of damages caused to adult spotted-winged fruit flies, were recorded.

[0096] Separation experiment: Insects collected from the field were used to separate adult spotted-winged fruit flies using the present invention and artificial methods. The time taken to separate 100 adult spotted-winged fruit flies using the two methods was recorded, as well as the number of flies that escaped and the number of adult spotted-winged fruit flies that were damaged during the operation.

[0097] (1) Field trapping experiment of spotted-winged fruit flies

[0098] Table 1. Number of spotted fruit flies killed by different devices in 24 hours

[0099]

[0100] Note: The number of animals trapped in the table is the mean ± standard error. Identical lowercase letters indicate no significant difference, while different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference. Significance was calculated using SPSS 25. Data in the same column marked with different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference at the P < 0.05 level according to the LSD test.

[0101] Table 1 shows that the four devices exhibited varying effects in orchards of the same variety of bayberry with the same infestation level. The device of this invention showed the best field trapping effect on adult fruit flies, killing 37.40 flies, which was the highest number and significantly higher than the other devices (F). 3,16 =111.701, P<0.001).

[0102] (2) Field collection experiment of spotted-winged fruit flies

[0103] Table 2. Mechanical damage to tomato plants and adult tomato leafminers collected by different devices.

[0104]

[0105] Note: The number of leaf and fruit damages and the number of adult fruit flies damaged in the table are all mean ± standard error. Identical lowercase letters indicate no significant difference, while different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference. Significance was calculated using SPSS 25.

[0106] Table 2 shows that when collecting 50 adult spotted-winged fruit flies in the field using the device of this invention and an insect-catching net, the device causes minimal mechanical damage to the bayberry trees and adult spotted-winged fruit flies. The mechanical damage to the plants is zero, far lower than the mechanical damage caused to the bayberry trees by the insect-catching net. The number of adult spotted-winged fruit flies damaged is only 2, significantly lower than the mechanical damage caused to the tomato leafminer by the insect-catching net (F...). 1,9 =30.118, P<0.001; F 1,9 =160.000, P<0.001; F 1,9 =41.667, P<0.001).

[0107] (3) Isolation experiment of spotted-winged fruit flies

[0108] Table 3. Separation time, number of escaped insects, and number of damaged insects of adult Drosophila spp. using different methods.

[0109]

[0110] Note: Separation time, number of escaped insects, and number of damaged insects in the table are mean ± standard error. Identical lowercase letters indicate no significant difference, while different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference. Significance was calculated using SPSS 25.

[0111] Table 3 shows that the present invention saves a significant amount of time compared to manual separation, which requires 63.6 minutes to manually separate 100 adult spotted-winged fruit flies. During the separation process, the mechanical damage to the adult spotted-winged fruit flies and the number of escaped insects caused by the present invention are significantly lower than those caused by manual separation (F...). 1,9 =1788.727, P<0.001; F 1,8 =613.407, P<0.001; F 1,8 =96.100, P<0.001).

[0112] Experimental Results Analysis

[0113] Experimental results on spotted-winged fruit flies show that the field trapping device used in this invention is significantly superior to traditional sticky traps, water basin traps, and light traps; the mechanical damage rate of the collection device of this invention to the host plant is far lower than that of the net sweeping method; the mechanical damage rate of the separation device of this invention to the target insect is far lower than that of manual separation, and the insect separation efficiency is far higher than that of manual separation; the device and method of this invention are suitable for small insects such as tomato leafminer and spotted-winged fruit flies.

[0114] This invention provides a detailed description of the field trapping, collection, separation, individual rearing, and observation devices, methods, and results for small insects such as tomato leafminer and spotted fruit fly. However, with slight adjustments to the method and structure of this invention, such as the size of the soft rubber in the observation device, the type of detached host tender branch, and the size of the observation chamber and water replenishment chamber, it is possible to individually rear and observe small insects such as parasitic wasps, cabbage caterpillars, lacewings, predatory mites, ladybugs, and ants.

[0115] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device for small insects, characterized in that, It includes a trapping device, a collection device, and an observation and feeding device. The collection device is located at the bottom of the trapping device, and the observation and feeding device is connected to the collection device via a separation device. The trapping device includes a lampshade, inside which is a hanging lamp for attracting insects. A hook is provided on the top of the lampshade, and a water basin is connected to the bottom of the lampshade. A plug is provided at the opening at the bottom of the water basin. The collection device includes an insect collection bottle, one end of which has an insect inlet and the other end has a cap; The observation and rearing device includes an observation chamber on the upper level and a supply box on the lower level. The observation chamber has inlet holes on both sides that communicate with the separation device. The bottom of the observation chamber has a mirror and a hydroponic inlet. The bottom of the hydroponic inlet has a planting basket. The observation chamber has a transparent, straight-bottomed, round structure. When it is necessary to trap and kill insects in the field, sticky insect boards are placed on the outside of the lampshade and the water basin, transparent isolation cardboard sprayed with sticky insect glue is placed inside the lampshade, and water is poured into the water basin. When it is necessary to collect insects in the field, pull out the water-blocking plug, insert the insect-collecting bottle with the insect inlet end into the opening of the water basin, and place a pheromone lure inside the bottle cap; The separation device includes a separation chamber and multiple containment chambers. The separation chamber has insect outlets on both sides. The insect outlets are connected to the multiple containment chambers through a first insect-splitting channel. The multiple containment chambers are connected to the observation chamber through a second insect-splitting channel. The first and second insect-splitting channels each include three glass tubes and two rubber hoses. The two rubber hoses are located between adjacent glass tubes, and the end of the glass tube furthest from the rubber hose is connected to the containment chamber and the observation chamber.

2. The field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device for small insects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lampshade is connected to the water basin by a hoop, and the hoop is equipped with an adjustment knob.

3. A field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device for small insects as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The lampshade has a lampshade frame on its outer side, and the hook is located on the top of the lampshade frame.

4. The field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device for small insects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the separation chamber is equipped with an insect-proof netting.

5. The field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device for small insects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The containment chamber is equipped with a mesh cover, and a pheromone attractant is placed inside the mesh cover.

6. The field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device for small insects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the observation room and the supply box are equipped with ventilation holes, and insect-proof nets are installed at the ventilation holes.

7. The field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device for small insects as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The supply box includes a water-retaining tank, with a water inlet and a nutrient replenishment hole on the outside of the water-retaining tank. A water-retaining pipe is installed inside the water-retaining tank, and the water-retaining pipe is connected to the planting basket, which contains planting cotton.

8. The method of using a field trapping, collection, observation, and rearing device for small insects as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Plug the bottom of the basin with a water plug and put the insect filter bag inside the basin. Then connect the lampshade to the basin with a hoop. Put the insect-attracting lamp into the opening at the top of the lampshade and plug it to seal the opening. Put the sticky insect board on the lampshade and the basin. Step 2: Add an appropriate amount of water to the basin, tear off the isolation film of the sticky insect board, spray the sticky insect glue on the transparent isolation cardboard inside the lampshade, and turn on the insect-attracting lamp to achieve field trapping and killing. Step 3: When it is necessary to collect live insects, remove the sticky insect board and transparent isolation board, open the water plug at the bottom of the water basin, drain the water in the basin, insert the insect collection bottle into the bottom of the water basin, put the pheromone lure into the cap of the insect collection bottle, and then turn on the insect-attracting lamp to collect live insects in the field. Step four: Transfer the insects in the insect collection bottle into the separation device to separate the target insects; Step 5: When it is necessary to observe the morphology of the target insect, clamp the rubber tubing on both sides of the glass tube for direct observation, or clamp the rubber tubing to remove the glass tube and observe it under a stereomicroscope. Step six: When it is necessary to observe the behavior of the target insect, insert the tender branches of the host plant into the planting basket through the hydroponic inlet, wrap it with planting cotton to fix it, connect the two sides to the housing chamber of the target insect, and transfer the separated target insect into the observation room to observe and study its behavior.

Images