Medical waste disinfectant and preparation method and use method

Abstract

The present invention provides a medical waste disinfectant and a preparation method and a use method thereof, and relates to the field of disinfection technology. The medical waste disinfectant comprises: actinomycin D with a mass fraction of 0.01-0.05%, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride with a mass fraction of 0.05-0.1%, didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride with a mass fraction of 0.01-0.05%, sodium nitrite with a mass fraction of 0.4-0.6%, isopropanol with a mass fraction of 0.05-0.1%, pine oil with a mass fraction of 0.01-0.05%, and the pH of the disinfectant is 6.8-7.2. The disinfectant can effectively sterilize medical waste, has low corrosivity to equipment, and has low product toxicity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of disinfection, and in particular to a medical waste disinfectant and a preparation method and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Medical waste is the first type of hazardous waste. Sampling tests show that medical waste contains a large amount of bacteria, with the number of E. coli as high as 0.84×10 10 / L, the total number of bacteria ranged from 8.65×10 5 ~8.121×10 10 Medical waste microorganisms mainly include bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, viruses, mycoplasma, spirochetes, chlamydia, rickettsia, etc. Some of them are highly contagious, biologically toxic and corrosive, and have the characteristics of spatial transmission, acute transmission, cross transmission and latent transmission, which are extremely harmful.

[0003] Medical waste is generated in the whole process of medical activities, and its types are complex and numerous. The types of medical waste that can be used for disinfection include infectious waste and damaging waste. Infectious waste refers to medical waste that carries pathogenic microorganisms and has the risk of causing the spread of infectious diseases, such as patient blood, body fluids, and excrement; disposable medical supplies and medical devices after use; and damaging waste refers to discarded medical sharps that can stab or cut the human body, such as medical needles, suture needles, surgical knives, slides, etc. Medical waste contains a large number of pathogenic microorganisms. If improperly handled, it may cause environmental pollution or become a source of infection, becoming a major hidden danger threatening human health. At present, the more common medical waste treatment methods in the world are divided into incineration technology and non-incineration technology. In my country, medical waste disposal technology is still mainly based on traditional incineration, but the disposal rate is low, the cycle is long, the links are cumbersome, and the accumulation of large packages and the circulation of medical waste are prone to secondary pollution; at the same time, traditional incineration not only has high disposal costs, but also easily produces pollutants such as dioxins and furans, causing air pollution and human health risks. In 2001, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants proposed "promoting the application of non-incineration technology in medical waste treatment to reduce health risks caused by unsafe disposal of medical waste and excessive exposure to dioxins, furans, etc." Non-incineration technology is divided into high-temperature steam disinfection, chemical disinfection, and microwave disinfection. High-pressure steam and microwave disinfection are mainly used for sharp infectious waste, but they are not generally applicable due to the small amount of processing in the hospital, long disposal time, professional operation, and high energy consumption. In-hospital disinfection is still dominated by chemical disinfection, which is mainly used for chemical waste and liquid waste, and is used for medical cleaning. However, large-scale treatment of medical waste requires the consumption of a large amount of chemical reagents, which increases corrosiveness and environmental toxicity. Therefore, a low-toxic, environmentally friendly, and efficient chemical disinfectant is needed in the process of medical waste treatment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a medical waste disinfectant and a preparation method and a use method thereof. The medical waste disinfectant has good disinfection effect, little corrosion to instruments, and is green and environmentally friendly.

[0005] The present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solutions. The first aspect of the present invention provides a medical waste disinfectant, comprising: 0.01-0.05% of actinomycin D, 0.05-0.1% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 0.01-0.05% of didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.4-0.6% of sodium nitrite, 0.05-0.1% of isopropanol and 0.01-0.05% of pine oil, and the pH of the disinfectant is 6.8-7.2.

[0006] Further, in a preferred embodiment, the actinomycin D is prepared according to the following steps:

[0007] S1, obtain fermentative Streptomyces;

[0008] S2, subjecting the fermented Streptomyces to continuous flow centrifugation, cross-flow filtration and membrane filtration to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0009] S3, subjecting the fermentation broth to a macroporous resin separation treatment to obtain a crude extract;

[0010] S4, eluting the crude extract through a reverse phase HPLC device to obtain an elution component;

[0011] S5, purifying the eluted component through a reverse phase HPLC device to obtain the actinomycin D.

[0012] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the elution process includes: the eluent includes acetonitrile and water, gradient elution is performed, a total of 3 components are eluted, and the second peak component is collected as the elution component.

[0013] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the gradient elution process is: phase A is water, phase B is acetonitrile, and the elution gradient is: 0 to 10 min, from 10% phase B to 40% phase B; 10 to 20 min, from 40% phase B to 75% phase B, 20 to 25 min, from 75% phase B to 100% phase B.

[0014] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, in step S5, the purification conditions are: the chromatographic column is an ODS-3 chromatographic column; the flow rate is 1 mL / min; the column temperature is 35°C; the detection wavelength is 260 nm; the eluent includes acetonitrile and water; isocratic elution is performed, the chromatographic peak is collected for 18 minutes, and the actinomycin D is obtained by concentration.

[0015] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the eluent of the isocratic elution is an acetonitrile solution with a volume fraction of 70%.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the medical waste disinfectant as described in any one of the above, comprising:

[0017] (1) obtaining each component according to the ratio in the medical waste disinfectant;

[0018] (2) pouring the isopropanol solution through the drain, and then pouring the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride through the drain, stirring and mixing, and letting it stand;

[0019] (3) Pour in didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stir to mix, and let stand;

[0020] (4) Pour in actinomycin D, stir to mix, and let stand;

[0021] (5) Pour in sodium nitrite, stir to mix, and let stand;

[0022] (6) adding sodium bicarbonate to adjust the pH to 6.8-7.2;

[0023] (7) Pour a certain amount of pine oil through the drain;

[0024] (8) Add pure water to make up to volume, stir, and allow to stand to obtain the medical waste disinfectant.

[0025] The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for using the medical waste disinfectant as described in any one of the above items, wherein the method for using is:

[0026] Soak the medical waste to be disinfected in the medical waste disinfectant at 25-35°C for 20-30 minutes, or

[0027] The medical waste to be disinfected is immersed in the medical waste disinfectant at 40-50° C. for 5-10 minutes.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the medical waste disinfectant, preparation method, and use method of the embodiments of the present invention are:

[0029] The medical waste disinfectant provided by the present invention mainly uses actinomycin D as the main disinfection component, has low dosage, good bactericidal effect, and is environmentally friendly. At the same time, by combining actinomycin D with dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride for disinfection, it can quickly penetrate into the surface of medical devices, improve the disinfection and sterilization effect, and especially improve the efficient sterilization effect of the dead corner position of medical devices. In addition, didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and sodium nitrite are combined to improve good dispersion and anti-corrosion properties, and reduce the damage of disinfectant to medical devices. It has been verified that the disinfectant of the present invention is substantially non-corrosive to materials such as stainless steel, carbon steel, aluminum, and copper. Adding pine oil components at the end of the preparation of the disinfectant can effectively improve the initial contact performance of the disinfectant with the items to be disinfected, and improve the disinfection efficiency of the disinfectant.

[0030] The microorganisms that can be disinfected by the medical waste disinfectant include: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 as a representative of pyogenic cocci in bacterial propagules; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 as a representative of the most commonly isolated bacterial propagules in hospital infections; Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus ATCC 93326 as a representative of human tuberculosis mycobacterium; Candida albicans ATCC 10231 as a representative of pathogenic fungi; Aspergillus niger ATCC16404 as a representative of common fungi; Poliovirus-I as a representative of viruses; Bacillus stearothermophilus stearothermophilus ATCC7953) and Bacillus subtilis var. niger ATCC9372 spores were used as spore representatives. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is the HPLC chromatogram of actinomycin D;

[0032] Figure 2 This is the electrospray ionization mass spectrum (ESI-MS) of actinomycin D. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention provides a medical waste disinfectant, comprising: 0.01-0.05% of actinomycin D by mass, 0.05-0.1% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride by mass, 0.01-0.05% of didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride by mass, 0.4-0.6% of sodium nitrite by mass, 0.05-0.1% of isopropanol by mass, and 0.01-0.05% of pine oil by mass, and the pH value of the disinfectant is 6.8-7.2.

[0036] Further, the medical waste disinfectant comprises: actinomycin D with a mass fraction of 0.01-0.05%, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride with a mass fraction of 0.05-0.08%, didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride with a mass fraction of 0.01-0.03%, sodium nitrite with a mass fraction of 0.4%, isopropanol with a mass fraction of 0.05-0.08%, and pine oil with a mass fraction of 0.01-0.03%, and the pH of the disinfectant is 7.0. By properly adjusting the ratio, the toxicity of the disinfectant is further reduced, and a good disinfection and sterilization effect is guaranteed. In addition, the pH of the disinfectant implemented by the present invention is 7.0, which is a neutral disinfectant, which can be used for the disinfection of medical devices that are not acidic or alkaline resistant, and is more environmentally friendly.

[0037] Furthermore, the actinomycin D is prepared according to the following steps:

[0038] S1, obtain fermentation Streptomyces. Specifically, fermentation Streptomyces is a fermentation product of Streptomyces in a liquid culture medium, and the liquid culture medium can be a conventional microbial liquid culture medium. Further, the Streptomyces can be, for example, Streptomyces sp.2-85, with a deposit number of CCTCC M2022911.

[0039] S2, subjecting the fermented marine Streptomyces to continuous flow centrifugation, cross-flow filtration and membrane filtration to obtain a fermentation broth. Specifically, the membrane filtration uses a 5K membrane tangential flow filtration, which has a better filtration effect and can effectively separate the product.

[0040] S3, subjecting the fermentation broth to a macroporous resin separation treatment to obtain a crude extract. Specifically, the macroporous resin is NKA-9 resin. The fermentation broth is adsorbed by the NKA-9 resin and desorbed by a 50% volume fraction methanol solution to obtain a crude extract.

[0041] S4, eluting the crude extract through a reverse phase HPLC device to obtain elution components. Specifically, the elution process includes: the chromatographic column is an ODS-3 chromatographic column, the eluent includes acetonitrile and water, gradient elution, eluting to obtain 3 components in total, and collecting the second peak component as the elution component.

[0042] More preferably, in this step, the gradient elution process is: phase A is water, phase B is acetonitrile, and the elution gradient is: 0 to 10 min, from 10% phase B to 40% phase B; 10 to 20 min, from 40% phase B to 75% phase B, 20 to 25 min, from 75% phase B to 100% phase B. Through the above gradient elution process, the effective active ingredients can be separated and purified.

[0043] S5, purifying the eluted components through a reverse phase HPLC device to obtain the actinomycin D. Specifically, in this step, the purification conditions are: the chromatographic column is an ODS-3 chromatographic column; the flow rate is 1 mL / min; the column temperature is 35°C; the detection wavelength is 260 nm; the eluent includes acetonitrile and water; isocratic elution, collecting the chromatographic peak of 18 minutes, and concentrating to obtain the actinomycin D.

[0044] Furthermore, the eluent of the isocratic elution is an acetonitrile solution with a volume fraction of 70%.

[0045] like Figure 1 Shown is the HPLC chromatogram of actinomycin D, Figure 2 Shown is the electrospray ionization mass spectrum (ESI-MS) of actinomycin D.

[0046] It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present invention, actinomycin D can also be obtained by fermenting and purifying other strains of Streptomyces that can produce actinomycin D. The strains of Streptomyces that can produce actinomycin D can be obtained through commercial channels.

[0047] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned medical waste disinfectant, comprising:

[0048] (1) obtaining each component according to the ratio in the medical waste disinfectant;

[0049] (1) pouring the isopropanol solution through the drain, and then pouring the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride through the drain, stirring and mixing, and letting it stand;

[0050] (3) Pour in didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stir to mix, and let stand;

[0051] (4) Pour in actinomycin D, stir to mix, and let stand;

[0052] (5) Pour in sodium nitrite, stir to mix, and let stand;

[0053] (6) adding sodium bicarbonate to adjust the pH to 6.8-7.2;

[0054] (7) Pour a certain amount of pine oil through the drain;

[0055] (8) Add pure water to make up to volume, stir, and allow to stand to obtain the medical waste disinfectant.

[0056] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned medical waste disinfectant, and the method for using is:

[0057] Soak the medical waste to be disinfected in the medical waste disinfectant at 25-35°C for 20-30 minutes, or

[0058] The medical waste to be disinfected is immersed in the medical waste disinfectant at 40-50° C. for 5-10 minutes.

[0059] It has been tested and verified that, under the disinfection conditions of 25° C. and 20 min, the disinfectant of the embodiment of the present invention has a killing logarithm value of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538>5; a killing logarithm value of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442>5; a killing logarithm value of Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus ATCC 93326>4; a killing logarithm value of Candida albicans ATCC10231>4; a killing logarithm value of Aspergillus niger ATCC16404>4; a killing logarithm value of Poliovirus-I>4; and a killing logarithm value of Bacillus subtilis var. niger ATCC9372>5.

[0060] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] The present embodiment provides a medical waste disinfectant (the preparation steps refer to the above preparation method), comprising: 0.03% actinomycin D, 0.03% dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 0.03% didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.04% sodium nitrite, 0.08% isopropanol, and 0.03% pine oil. Sodium bicarbonate is used to adjust the pH to 7.0, and pure water is used to make up the volume.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] The present embodiment provides a medical waste disinfectant (the preparation steps refer to the above preparation method), comprising: 0.05% actinomycin D, 0.03% dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 0.03% didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.4% sodium nitrite, 0.08% isopropanol, and 0.03% pine oil. Sodium bicarbonate is used to adjust the pH to 7.0, and pure water is used to make up the volume.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] The present embodiment provides a medical waste disinfectant (the preparation steps refer to the above preparation method), comprising: 0.01% actinomycin D, 0.03% dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 0.03% didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.4% sodium nitrite, 0.08% isopropanol, and 0.03% pine oil. Sodium bicarbonate is used to adjust the pH to 7.0, and pure water is used to make up the volume.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] The comparative example provides a disinfectant for medical waste, comprising: 0.5% glutaraldehyde, 0.03% dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 0.03% didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.4% sodium nitrite, 0.08% isopropyl alcohol, and 0.03% pine oil. Sodium bicarbonate is used to adjust the pH to 7.0, and pure water is used to make up the volume.

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] The comparative example provides a medical waste disinfectant, comprising: 0.03% dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 0.03% didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.4% sodium nitrite, 0.08% isopropyl alcohol, and 0.03% pine oil. Sodium bicarbonate is used to adjust the pH to 7.0, and pure water is used to make up the volume.

[0071] Comparative Example 3

[0072] This comparative example provides a medical waste disinfectant, which is the product of comparative example 2 diluted 10 times.

[0073] Test Example 1 Sterilization Effect Test

[0074] The test strain was Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC7953.

[0075] Bacterial culture: Inoculate thermophilic spore-forming Bacillus to LB slant culture for 96 hours, rinse with sterile saline to obtain bacterial suspension, pipette the bacterial suspension into a sterile conical centrifuge tube, inactivate the bacteria in a 75°C water bath for 30 minutes, centrifuge for 10 minutes (500r / min), discard the sediment at the bottom of the tube, and observe the bacterial suspension containing spores by microscopic staining. When the spore formation rate reaches more than 95%, subsequent experiments can be carried out. The spore suspension can be stored at 4°C for standby use, and the validity period is half a year. When the spore suspension is used, the live bacteria culture count should be performed first.

[0076] Preparation of bacterial slices: stainless steel slices are used as carriers. Bacterial suspensions can be revived and cultured or bacterial spores can be stored in a 4°C refrigerator. The bacterial content is about 1×10 8 cfu / ml~5×10 8 cfu / ml, a turbidity meter can be used to adjust the concentration of the bacterial solution. When using the drip staining method, spread the sterilized carrier sheet flat in a sterile dish and drip the bacterial solution onto each sheet. The amount of bacterial solution added is 10μl per sheet. Use a 10μl pipette to drip the bacterial solution, and use an inoculation loop to evenly spread the entire carrier surface. After dripping the bacterial solution, the stained carrier can be placed in a 37°C incubator to dry (about 20min to 30min), or placed at room temperature to dry naturally before use. The number of recovered bacteria on each bacterial sheet should be 5×10 5 cfu / piece~5×10 6 cfu / piece.

[0077] Disinfection test: Place the bacterial sheet in a concentrated disinfectant for a certain period of time, take out the bacterial sheet, place it in the culture solution to wash the bacteria, mix it with an electric mixer for 20 seconds (or vibrate it on the palm of your hand 80 times), and wash the bacteria to form a bacterial suspension. Take a certain proportion of the bacterial suspension for gradient dilution, and then transfer it to a plate for culture, ensuring more than 3 dilution gradients, more than 3 parallel tests for each gradient, and calculate the number of colonies.

[0078] The test results are as follows:

[0079] 1. The sterilization rate of the disinfectant in Example 1 on Bacillus stearothermophilus spores under different sterilization conditions is shown in Table 1:

[0080] Table 1

[0081] index 25℃ 30℃ 35℃ 40℃ 50℃ 5min 99.98％ 99.99％ 99.99％ 99.99％ 100％ 10min 99.98％ 99.99％ 99.99％ 100％ 100％ 20min 99.99％ 99.99％ 100％ 100％ 100％ 30min 99.99％ 99.99 100％ 100％ 100％

[0082] 2. The sterilization rates of the disinfectants of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 on Bacillus stearothermophilus spores under sterilization conditions A (35°C, 20 min) and B (50°C, 5 min) are shown in Table 2:

[0083] Table 2

[0084]

[0085] Test Example 2 Corrosion Effect Test

[0086] Different metal materials, such as aluminum, stainless steel, and carbon steel, were placed in different concentrations of disinfectants for different periods of time to observe their corrosion. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0087] Table 3

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] Note: In Table 3, “ / ” indicates no corrosion, “+” indicates the degree of corrosion, and the more “+” there are, the more serious the corrosion is.

[0091] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A medical waste disinfectant, characterized in that: include: The mass fraction includes 0.01-0.05% of actinomycin D, 0.05-0.1% of dodecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, 0.01-0.05% of didodecyldimethylammonium chloride, 0.4-0.6% of sodium nitrite, 0.05-0.1% of isopropanol and 0.01-0.05% of pine oil, and the pH value of the disinfectant is 6.8-7.

2.

2. The medical waste disinfectant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actinomycin D is prepared according to the following steps: S1, obtain fermentative Streptomyces; S2, subjecting the fermented Streptomyces to continuous flow centrifugation, cross-flow filtration and membrane filtration to obtain a fermentation broth; S3, subjecting the fermentation broth to a macroporous resin separation treatment to obtain a crude extract; S4, eluting the crude extract through a reverse phase HPLC device to obtain an elution component; S5, purifying the eluted component through a reverse phase HPLC device to obtain the actinomycin D.

3. The medical waste disinfectant according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the elution process includes: the eluent includes acetonitrile and water, gradient elution is performed, a total of 3 components are eluted, and the second peak component is collected as the elution component.

4. The medical waste disinfectant according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gradient elution process is as follows: phase A is water, phase B is acetonitrile, and the elution gradient is as follows: 0 to 10 minutes, from 10% phase B to 40% phase B; 10 to 20 minutes, from 40% phase B to 75% phase B; 20 to 25 minutes, from 75% phase B to 100% phase B.

5. The medical waste disinfectant according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S5, the purification conditions are: the chromatographic column is an ODS-3 chromatographic column; the flow rate is 1 mL / min; the column temperature is 35° C.; the detection wavelength is 260 nm; the eluent includes acetonitrile and water; isocratic elution, the chromatographic peak is collected for 18 minutes, and the actinomycin D is obtained by concentration.

6. The medical waste disinfectant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The eluent for the isocratic elution is an acetonitrile solution with a volume fraction of 70%.

7. The method for preparing a medical waste disinfectant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: (1) obtaining each component according to the proportion of the medical waste disinfectant described in claim 1; (2) pouring the isopropanol solution through the drain, and then pouring the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride through the drain, stirring and mixing, and letting it stand; (3) Pour in didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stir to mix, and let stand; (4) Pour in actinomycin D, stir to mix, and let stand; (5) Pour in sodium nitrite, stir to mix, and let stand; (6) adding sodium bicarbonate to adjust the pH to 6.8-7.2; (7) Pour a certain amount of pine oil through the drain; (8) Add pure water to make up to volume, stir, and allow to stand to obtain the medical waste disinfectant.

8. The method for using the medical waste disinfectant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method of use is: Soak the medical waste to be disinfected in the medical waste disinfectant at 25-35°C for 20-30 minutes, or The medical waste to be disinfected is immersed in the medical waste disinfectant at 40-50° C. for 5-10 minutes.

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