Circumferential shear component of circular structural plane and circumferential shear test device

Abstract

The application provides a circular structure surface ring shearing component and a ring shearing test device, the ring shearing component is movable and detachable, and comprises a bottom disc composed of coaxial transmission bottom disc, rotating bottom disc and fixed bottom disc arranged from inside to outside in a ring shape; the transmission bottom disc is provided with a transmission shaft connecting hole, the transmission bottom disc is fixed on the rotating bottom disc, and the rotating bottom disc is arranged on the fixed bottom disc and can rotate relative to the fixed bottom disc; further comprising a first shearing box composed of the transmission bottom disc as an internal limiting component and a first movable element mounted and fixed on the rotating bottom disc; and a second shearing box composed of a second movable element mounted on the fixed bottom disc and closely attached to the outer periphery of the first shearing box; under the driving of an external transmission motor, the first shearing box can rotate relative to the second shearing box to generate ring shearing. The application can be applied to the ring shearing mechanical response test of the circular structure surface, the shape flexibility of the shearing box is large, and the shearing box can be suitable for different sizes of test samples.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of circumferential shear testing devices, specifically to a circumferential shear component and a circumferential shear testing device, particularly to a circumferential shear component and a circumferential shear testing device with a circular structural surface, and more particularly to a circumferential shear component and a circumferential shear testing device suitable for testing the shear characteristics of circular contact interfaces of different engineering substrates, wherein the shear surface is a circular structural surface and the shear direction is circumferential to the contact interface. Background Technology

[0002] In today's era of rapid scientific and technological development, interface problems have become ubiquitous, both macroscopically and microscopically, and have become one of the technical challenges that scientific researchers and engineers must overcome. From a macroscopic perspective, the interfaces between various materials and their junctions—such as the interfaces between pipes and soil, pile foundations and soil, various column structures and other materials, thin-film coating interfaces, mechanical interfaces between transmission components, interfaces between functional devices and load-bearing components, and interlaminar interfaces of composite laminates—have a significant impact on the overall load-bearing capacity, efficiency, service life, and reliability of materials or structures. From a microscopic perspective, the mechanical behavior of interfaces such as those between fibers and matrix materials, grain interfaces, interfaces between particulate reinforcements and the matrix, and interfaces between intermediaries and the matrix is ​​of great importance for the performance design and development of advanced materials and the accurate evaluation of their structural lifespan.

[0003] Because the interface between materials is a weak structural layer relative to the matrix, most damage and failure of components occur or originate at the interface, and energy loss in transmission systems is mainly caused by friction at the interface. With the rapid development of science and technology, the industrial application of various functional materials, composite materials, and other advanced materials is constantly expanding, and the mechanical properties of the interface between different matrices are receiving increasing attention. Regarding the macroscopic shear mechanics of material interfaces, scholars both domestically and internationally have invented many shearing methods and experimental devices. However, most of these shearing experimental devices are designed to simplify material models, treating the material interface as a planar structure for direct shearing.

[0004] For example, patent document CN110044726A discloses a ring shear test system suitable for soil-rock contact surfaces, which can simulate the progressive failure behavior of soil sliding bodies along structural surfaces on rock sliding beds. It includes an upper shear box and a lower shear box, with a rotating platform detachably connected to the lower shear box. A pore water pressure sensor is installed inside the upper shear box. The shear components and ring shear device disclosed therein do not achieve circumferential shearing along the circular structural surface of the material, but rather shearing of the horizontal contact surface between the upper and lower shear boxes; in reality, it is still a direct shearing of a planar structure. Patent document CN110987660A discloses a ring shear test device, whose shear components include a first shear box and a second shear box. During shearing, the first shear box remains stationary while the second shear box rotates. In the annular rotational shearing of the soil sample, the shear deformation of the horizontal surface varies with the radius, simulating the contact surface strength relationship under different loads and deformation conditions. It can simultaneously obtain the shear displacement-shear stress relationship and the shear displacement-normal displacement relationship. However, it also cannot achieve circumferential shearing of a circular structural surface.

[0005] In practical engineering, the interface between structures such as pipes, piles, and columns and other materials is often a circular structure. Some studies on circular structures, due to constraints in the loading method, primarily focus on the longitudinal shear mechanical properties. However, in actual engineering, circular structures are often affected by both longitudinal and circumferential forces, making it difficult to reflect the true mechanical properties of the interface from a longitudinal perspective alone. Therefore, developing new experimental devices and methods for the circumferential shear characteristics of circular structures is of significant engineering importance. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop a circumferential shear component and a circumferential shear testing device suitable for structures with a circular shear surface and a shear direction circumferential at the contact interface. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a circumferential shear component and a circumferential shear testing device for circular structural surfaces. This device is applied to circumferential shear mechanical response tests of circular structural surfaces, thus facilitating simulation studies of circumferential shear in circular structural surfaces. The circumferential shear component offers significant shape flexibility, enabling accurate acquisition of material mechanical parameters and interfacial bond-slip mechanical parameters, which is beneficial for studying the circumferential shear mechanical mechanism of circular structural surfaces such as pipes, pile foundations, and columns.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] First, the present invention provides a circular structure surface circumferential shearing component, the circumferential shearing component being a movable and detachable circumferential shearing component, including a chassis, the chassis mainly consisting of a transmission chassis, a rotating chassis, and a fixed chassis arranged circumferentially from the inside out on the same axis;

[0009] The transmission chassis has a transmission shaft connection hole at the shaft center for mounting the transmission shaft and connecting it to an external drive mechanism; the transmission chassis is fixed on the rotating chassis, which is mounted on the fixed chassis and can rotate relative to the fixed chassis.

[0010] The upper surfaces of the rotating chassis and the fixed chassis are on the same horizontal plane, and the upper surface of the transmission chassis is a preset distance higher than the upper surfaces of the rotating chassis and the fixed chassis.

[0011] It also includes a first shearing box consisting of a transmission chassis as an internal limiting component and a first movable element mounted and fixed on a rotating chassis; and a second shearing box consisting of a second movable element mounted on a fixed chassis close to the outer periphery of the first shearing box; the first shearing box has a first receiving groove, the second shearing box has a second receiving groove, and the opening of the second receiving groove communicates with the opening of the first receiving groove to form a receiving cavity for receiving the test sample.

[0012] Driven by an external drive motor, the first shear box can rotate relative to the second shear box, generating circumferential shear. Specifically, during operation, the rotating base, serving as the bottom component of the first shear box, rotates under the drive of the external drive mechanism, simultaneously causing the rotating base to rotate. The second shear box remains stationary, resulting in the first shear box rotating relative to the second shear box, causing circumferential shear to occur on the sample inside the box.

[0013] In one embodiment, the movable and detachable circumferential shearing component is a fan-shaped annular specimen shearing component, suitable for shearing fan-shaped annular specimens.

[0014] The first movable element constituting the first shearing box includes two first fixed blocks and a fan-shaped first fixed top plate; the transmission chassis serves as an internal limiting component, the two first fixed blocks are spaced apart as side limiting components, the first fixed top plate serves as an upper limiting component, the first fixed top plate is fixedly connected to and fixedly installed on the rotating chassis, forming the first shearing box on the rotating chassis, forming a fan-shaped first receiving groove.

[0015] The second movable element constituting the second shear box includes two second fixed blocks and a second fixed top plate. The two second fixed blocks are spaced apart and fixed to the fixed base as side limiting components. The second fixed top plate is set close to the first fixed top plate as an upper limiting component and is fixedly connected to and fixedly installed on the fixed base with the spaced-apart second fixed blocks. The second shear box is formed on the fixed base, forming a fan-shaped annular second receiving groove. The groove opening of the second receiving groove communicates with the groove opening of the first receiving groove to form a fan-shaped annular receiving cavity for accommodating the test sample.

[0016] Furthermore,

[0017] The number of the first shear box and the second shear box is at least one. When there are multiple first shear boxes and corresponding second shear boxes, multiple sets of first shear boxes consisting of two spaced-apart first fixed blocks and a first fixed top plate are fixedly installed on the rotating chassis. Correspondingly, multiple sets of second shear boxes consisting of two spaced-apart second fixed blocks and a second fixed top plate are fixedly installed on the fixed chassis. The multiple first shear boxes and corresponding second shear boxes form multiple receiving cavities, which can realize the circumferential shearing of multiple fan-shaped samples.

[0018] Furthermore,

[0019] The thickness, radius, corresponding central angle size, and position of the first fixed stop and the first fixed top plate that make up the first shearing box, and the second fixed stop and the second fixed top plate that make up the second shearing box, are adjusted according to the thickness, radius, corresponding central angle size, and position of the sample to be sheared, so as to adapt to samples with different thicknesses, radii, central angle sizes, and positions.

[0020] Furthermore,

[0021] The first and second fixed blocks, which limit the same side, are located in the same radial direction and their inner and outer end faces and upper end faces are flush. The first fixed top plate covers the two spaced-apart first fixed blocks. The second fixed top plate covers the two spaced-apart second fixed blocks to form a regular box.

[0022] In another embodiment, the movable and detachable circumferential shearing component is an annular specimen shearing component, suitable for annular shearing specimens;

[0023] The first movable element constituting the first shearing box includes only an annular first fixed top plate, with the transmission chassis as the internal limiting component and the first fixed top plate as the upper limiting component. The inner side of the first fixed top plate is closely attached to the outer side of the transmission chassis and is fixedly installed at a preset height above the rotating chassis, forming the first shearing box on the rotating chassis and forming an annular first receiving groove.

[0024] The second movable element constituting the second shear box includes only an annular second fixed top plate, which serves as an upper limit and is arranged with its inner side closely attached to the outer side of the first fixed top plate. It is fixedly installed at a preset height above the fixed chassis to form the second shear box on the fixed chassis, forming an annular second receiving groove. The opening of the second receiving groove communicates with the opening of the first receiving groove to form an annular receiving cavity for accommodating the test sample.

[0025] Furthermore,

[0026] The preset heights of the first fixed top plate and the second fixed top plate above the fixed base are adjusted according to the thickness of the annular sample to accommodate annular samples of different thicknesses.

[0027] Furthermore,

[0028] The first fixed top plate is installed at a preset height above the rotating chassis, and the second fixed top plate is installed at a preset height above the fixed chassis.

[0029] In the above scheme, for the fan-shaped annular shear component, the first shear box and the second shear box in the annular shear component, in order to facilitate the observation of the shear failure process, the first fixed top plate and the second fixed top plate in the fan-shaped annular shear component, and the first fixed top plate and the second fixed top plate in the annular shear component can be separated by a certain distance at the shear circular structural surface position; for samples with high strength, the upper fixed top plate can be removed.

[0030] The present invention also provides a circumferential shearing test device, including the aforementioned circumferential shearing component and a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is provided with a transmission shaft, which is disposed in the transmission shaft connection hole of the transmission chassis and is connected to the transmission chassis by a first fixing member. The driving mechanism drives the transmission shaft to rotate the transmission chassis, causing the first shearing box to rotate relative to the second shearing box, thereby generating circumferential shearing. A torque sensor is provided on the transmission shaft for measuring the torque generated during circumferential shearing.

[0031] Furthermore,

[0032] The drive mechanism applies circumferential shear force by means of a fixed angular velocity or a fixed torque.

[0033] This invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0034] In the circumferential shearing component provided by this invention, the first shearing box and the second shearing box are mounted by fixing bolts from multiple detachable and replaceable movable elements. Different specifications of shearing boxes can be formed by changing the thickness, radius, corresponding central angle size, and installation position of the movable elements constituting the first and second shearing boxes, thereby achieving circumferential shearing of samples with different materials, thicknesses, radii, and corresponding central angle sizes. Therefore, this invention can be used to study the influence of factors such as thickness, radius, central angle size, material, load magnitude and position, and shear surface radius on the circumferential shearing mechanical properties of circular structural surfaces.

[0035] The shearing component of this invention can be connected to an external driving mechanism, and the rotational torque applied by the driving mechanism ensures that the force is always perpendicular to the interface normal direction. This simplifies the circumferential shearing of a circular structural surface to direct planar shearing, enabling the study of the circumferential shearing mechanical properties of a circular structural surface and solving the problem of difficult circumferential shearing loading of a circular structural surface.

[0036] The circumferential shear component and testing device provided by this invention can perform circumferential shear on a single material, functioning similarly to direct shear tests and conventional circumferential shear tests, and can obtain relevant mechanical properties of the material. However, unlike traditional shearing, the circular shear surface is more suitable for torsional engineering structures, such as pipes, piles, and columns. Furthermore, the circumferential shear testing device provided by this invention can perform circumferential shear on specimens with a circular interface between two materials, allowing for in-depth investigation of the circumferential bonding and slip properties of the material interface. Therefore, the testing device of this invention can obtain mechanical parameters such as the internal friction angle and cohesion of a single material, and can also obtain the shear mechanical properties of a circular interface for specimens combining two materials. This provides a reliable reference for the study of the circumferential stress mechanism between circular interfaces and other materials in pipes, pile foundations, columns, etc., as well as for technical construction standards, daily maintenance, repair, and evaluation of repair effects.

[0037] The circumferential shear testing device provided by this invention is applicable to both fan-shaped and annular shear specimens. For fan-shaped test specimens with a small central angle, multiple first and second fixed blocks and first and second fixed top plates can be installed simultaneously to form multiple first shear boxes and second shear boxes, enabling circumferential shearing of multiple fan-shaped test specimens and improving testing efficiency.

[0038] The sample does not need to fill the cavity formed by the first and second shear boxes in the radial direction. It is sufficient to make the shearing surface located at the contact surface of the shear box. Since the shearing is performed along the circular structural surface, the sample will not loosen in the radial direction.

[0039] In summary, the circular shear component and testing device for circular structural surfaces provided by this invention can be applied to the circumferential shear mechanical response test of circular structural surfaces. Its shear box has a high degree of flexibility in shape and can be applied to test samples of different sizes. It can accurately obtain the mechanical parameters of the material and the mechanical parameters of the material interface bond-slip performance. It is helpful for the study of the circumferential shear mechanical mechanism of circular structural surfaces such as pipes, pile foundations, and columns, as well as the interface strength mechanism under different circumferential loads. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circumferential shearing component of the fan-shaped sample in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circumferential shearing component of the annular sample in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sector-shaped sample of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the annular sample of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the torque sensor in the circumferential shear test device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first fastener in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second fastener in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of this invention are explained as follows:

[0049]

[0050] Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0053] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0054] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a circular structure surface circumferential shearing component, which is a movable and detachable sample shearing component, including a chassis. The chassis mainly consists of a transmission chassis 1, a rotating chassis 4, and a fixed chassis 7 arranged circumferentially from the inside to the outside, all coaxially.

[0058] The transmission chassis 1 has a transmission shaft connection hole at the shaft center position for mounting the transmission shaft and connecting it to an external drive mechanism; the transmission chassis 1 is fixed on the rotating chassis 4, and the rotating chassis 4 is mounted on the fixed chassis 7 and can rotate relative to the fixed chassis 7.

[0059] The upper surfaces of the rotating chassis 4 and the fixed chassis 7 are on the same horizontal plane, and the upper surface of the transmission chassis 1 is a preset distance higher than the upper surfaces of the rotating chassis 4 and the fixed chassis 7.

[0060] It also includes a first shearing box consisting of a transmission chassis 1 as an internal limiting component and a first movable element mounted and fixed on a rotating chassis 4; and a second shearing box consisting of a second movable element mounted on a fixed chassis 7 close to the outer periphery of the first shearing box; the first shearing box has a first receiving groove, the second shearing box has a second receiving groove, and the opening of the second receiving groove communicates with the opening of the first receiving groove to form a receiving cavity for receiving the test sample; under the drive of an external transmission motor, the first shearing box can rotate relative to the second shearing box to generate circumferential shearing.

[0061] During operation, the rotating base 4 serves as the bottom component of the first shear box. The transmission base 1 rotates under the drive of the external drive mechanism, which in turn drives the rotating base 4 to rotate. The second shear box remains stationary, causing the first shear box to rotate relative to the second shear box, resulting in circumferential shearing of the sample inside the box.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, the movable and detachable circumferential shearing component in this embodiment is a fan-shaped annular specimen shearing component, which is suitable for fan-shaped annular shearing specimens.

[0063] The first movable element constituting the first shearing box includes two first fixed blocks 2 and a fan-shaped first fixed top plate 3; the transmission chassis 1 serves as an internal limiting component, the two first fixed blocks 2 are spaced apart as side limiting components, the fan-shaped first fixed top plate 3 serves as an upper limiting component, the fan-shaped first fixed top plate 3 is fixedly connected to and fixedly installed on the rotating chassis 4, forming the first shearing box on the rotating chassis 4, forming a fan-shaped first receiving groove;

[0064] The second movable element constituting the second shearing box includes two second fixed blocks 6 and a fan-shaped second fixed top plate 8. The two second fixed blocks 6 are spaced apart and fixed to the fixed base 7 as side limiting components. The fan-shaped second fixed top plate 8 is set close to the fan-shaped first fixed top plate 3 as an upper limiting component and is fixedly connected to and fixedly installed on the fixed base 7 with the spaced-apart second fixed blocks 6. The second shearing box is formed on the fixed base 7, forming a fan-shaped second receiving groove. The groove opening of the second receiving groove communicates with the groove opening of the first receiving groove to form a fan-shaped receiving cavity for accommodating the test sample.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the number of the first shear box and the second shear box is at least one. When there are multiple first shear boxes and corresponding second shear boxes, multiple sets of first shear boxes composed of two spaced-apart first fixed blocks 2 and fan-shaped annular first fixed top plates 3 are fixedly installed on the rotating chassis 4. Correspondingly, multiple sets of second shear boxes composed of two spaced-apart second fixed blocks 6 and fan-shaped annular second fixed top plates 8 are fixedly installed on the fixed chassis 7. The multiple first shear boxes and corresponding second shear boxes form multiple receiving cavities, which can realize the circumferential shearing of multiple fan-shaped annular samples.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the first fixed block 2 and the second fixed block 6, which are limited on the same side, are located in the same radial direction and the inner and outer end faces and the upper end face of the blocks are flush; the fan-shaped first fixed top plate 3 covers the two spaced first fixed blocks 2; the fan-shaped second fixed top plate 8 covers the two spaced second fixed blocks 6 to form a regular box.

[0067] The first fixed block 2 and the second fixed block 6 are provided with bolt holes in the radial direction, which can ensure that the blocks are firm and limit the position of the sample.

[0068] The thickness, radius, corresponding central angle size, and position of the first fixed stop 2 and the fan-shaped annular first fixed top plate 3 constituting the first shearing box, and the second fixed stop 6 and the fan-shaped annular second fixed top plate 8 constituting the second shearing box, can be adjusted according to the thickness, radius, corresponding central angle size, and position of the sheared specimen to accommodate specimens of different thicknesses, radii, central angle sizes, and positions. Since the structural components of the first and second shearing boxes are fixed with bolts, they can be removed and replaced. Therefore, the thickness, radius, corresponding central angle size, and installation position of the specimen can be adjusted according to requirements. For specimens with small central angles, multiple first fixed stops 2, fan-shaped annular first fixed top plates 3, and second fixed stops 6 and fan-shaped annular second fixed top plates 8 can be installed simultaneously to achieve circumferential shearing of multiple specimens, improving testing efficiency.

[0069] In use, a pressure sensor is installed at the contact surface between the shear sample and the first fixed stop 2 and the second fixed stop 6. The pressure sensor should be as close as possible to the shear surface. This is used for secondary confirmation of the data measured by the torque sensor.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] like Figure 2 , 4 As shown, this embodiment provides another circular structure surface circumferential shearing component. The difference between this and the circumferential shearing component provided in Embodiment 1 is that the movable and detachable circumferential shearing component in this embodiment is an annular specimen shearing component, which is suitable for annular shearing specimens.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, in the circumferential shearing component of this embodiment, the first movable element constituting the first shearing box includes only an annular first fixed top plate 16, with the transmission chassis 1 as the internal limiting component and the annular first fixed top plate 16 as the upper limiting component. The inner side of the annular first fixed top plate 16 is closely attached to the outer side of the transmission chassis 1 and fixedly installed at a preset height above the rotating chassis 4, forming the first shearing box on the rotating chassis 4 and forming an annular first receiving groove.

[0073] The second movable element constituting the second shear box includes only an annular second fixed top plate 17. The annular second fixed top plate 17 serves as an upper limit, and its inner side is closely attached to the outer side of the annular first fixed top plate 16. It is fixedly installed at a preset height above the fixed base 7 to form the second shear box on the fixed base 7, forming an annular second receiving groove. The opening of the second receiving groove communicates with the opening of the first receiving groove to form an annular receiving cavity for accommodating the test sample.

[0074] The preset height of the first annular fixed top plate 16 above the rotating base plate 4 and the preset height of the second annular fixed top plate 17 above the fixed base plate 7 are adjusted according to the thickness of the annular sample to accommodate annular samples of different thicknesses.

[0075] The preset height at which the first annular fixed top plate 16 is installed above the rotating chassis 4 is equal to the preset height at which the second annular fixed top plate 17 is installed above the fixed chassis 7.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] like Figure 1-7 As shown, this embodiment provides a circumferential shearing test device for a circular structure surface, including: a circumferential shearing component and a driving mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, which is a servo motor 14 that applies torsional power through a transmission shaft 15. The transmission shaft 15 is disposed in the transmission shaft connection hole 15-1 of the transmission chassis 1, and the transmission shaft 15 is connected to the transmission chassis 1 through a first fixing member 23. The servo motor 14 drives the transmission shaft 15 to rotate the transmission chassis 1, causing the first shearing box to rotate relative to the second shearing box, generating circumferential shearing. A torque sensor is provided on the transmission shaft 15 to measure the torque generated during circumferential shearing. As a preferred embodiment, the torque sensor in this embodiment is a double-flange torque sensor 13. The upper flange of the double-flange torque sensor 13 is fixed to the fixed disk 10 connected to the transmission shaft 15 by fixing bolts 5, and its lower flange is fixed to the torque transmission disk 12 by fixing bolts 5. The torque transmission disk 12 is connected to the transmission chassis 1 through a connecting column 11. The transmission chassis 1 is fixed to the rotating chassis 4 by fixing bolts, and the transmission chassis 1 is connected to the transmission shaft. As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the upper end of the connecting column 9 passes through the pre-reserved circular hole in the torque transmission disc 12; the lower end of the connecting column 9 is fixedly connected to the transmission chassis 1 through the first fixing member 23 and fixing bolts; the transmission chassis 1 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 15 through the second fixing member 24 and fixing bolts to realize the transmission connection between the transmission chassis 1 and the transmission shaft 15.

[0078] During operation, the servo motor 14 applies torsional force through the transmission shaft 15, driving the transmission shaft 15 to rotate. The fixed disk 10 and the transmission base 1 rotate with the transmission shaft 15. The rotating base 4, as the bottom component of the first shearing box, rotates with the transmission base 1 when the transmission shaft 15 drives it to rotate, causing the first shearing box to rotate relative to the second shearing box. The sample inside the shearing box undergoes circumferential shearing. The resistance experienced by the sample is transmitted sequentially through the rotating base 4, the transmission base 1, the connecting column 11, and the torsion transmission disk 12 to the lower flange of the dual-flange torque sensor 13. The lower flange and the upper flange generate relative torsion, and the torque is measured. In this embodiment, the servo motor 14 can apply circumferential shearing force by a fixed angular velocity or by a fixed torque.

[0079] It is worth noting that the appendix of this embodiment... Figure 6-7 Two different fasteners are provided. The first fastener 23 and the second fastener 24 are structurally identical, differing only in size. For connection to the drive shaft, since the drive shaft is relatively thick, the appropriate fastener is selected. Figure 7 The second fastener with a larger connecting hole is shown. It is understood that other fasteners of different structures and shapes that can achieve a fixed connection between two elements are also within the scope of this invention.

[0080] The circumferential shear test method of the device provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0081] The circumferential shear test methods of the circumferential shear test apparatuses composed of circumferential shear components provided in Examples 1 and 2 are basically the same, including the following steps:

[0082] S1. According to the shape of the sample to be tested, select the appropriate first movable element and second movable element, and install them in the corresponding installation positions on the rotating base 4 and the fixed base 7 to form the first shear box and the second shear box. Place the sample to be tested in the first shear box and the second shear box, with the shearing surface located at the contact surface (interface) of the first shear box and the second shear box.

[0083] Specifically, for the fan-shaped annular sample, a first fixed top plate 3 and a first fixed stop 2 of appropriate thickness, radius, and corresponding central angle can be selected and installed at appropriate positions on a rotating base 4 via a fixing screw 5, forming a first shearing box of appropriate specifications. Simultaneously, a matching second fixed top plate 8 and a second fixed stop 6 of the fan-shaped annular sample can be selected and installed at appropriate positions on a fixed base 7 via a fixing screw 5, forming a second shearing box of appropriate specifications. The internal material A19 and the external material B20 of the fan-shaped annular sample are placed in the first and second shearing boxes respectively, with the two materials having a contact interface 18.

[0084] For the annular specimen, appropriate annular first fixed top plate 16 and annular second fixed top plate 17 are selected and fixedly installed on the rotating base 4 and fixed base 7, respectively, forming the first shear box and the second shear box. The annular internal material A21 and the annular external material B22 are placed in the first shear box and the second shear box, respectively, and the two materials have a contact interface 18. In use, the annular specimen is drilled at the bolt hole 9, and the specimen is fixed by fixing bolts 5.

[0085] For the circumferential shearing components provided in Examples 1 and 2, respectively, the corresponding fan-shaped annular shearing component, the first shearing box in the annular shearing component, and the second shearing box, in order to facilitate observation of the shearing failure process, the fan-shaped annular first fixed top plate 3 and fan-shaped second fixed top plate 8 in the fan-shaped annular shearing component, and the annular first fixed top plate 16 and annular second fixed top plate 17 in the annular shearing component can be separated by a certain distance at the shearing circular structural surface position; for samples with high strength, the upper fixed top plate can also be removed.

[0086] S2. Fix the fixed base 7, start the servo motor 14, and rotate the base 4 as the bottom part of the first shear box. Driven by the transmission shaft 15, the first shear box rotates relative to the second shear box to perform circumferential shearing on the sample in a suitable loading manner.

[0087] S3. When the sample is sheared in the circumferential direction, the resistance it experiences is transmitted sequentially through the rotating base 4, the transmission base 1, the connecting column 11, and the torque transmission disk 12 to the lower flange of the dual flange torque sensor 13. The lower flange and the upper flange are torn relative to each other, and the dual flange torque sensor 13 measures the torque.

[0088] S4. By measuring the forces under different parameter conditions, the effects of factors such as the thickness, radius, central angle, material type, magnitude and location of the load, and radius of the shear surface on the circumferential shear mechanical properties of the circular structure can be experimentally determined.

[0089] In the circumferential shearing component provided by this invention, the first shearing box and the second shearing box are mounted by fixing bolts from multiple detachable and replaceable movable elements. Different specifications of shearing boxes can be formed by changing the thickness, radius, corresponding central angle size, and installation position of the movable elements constituting the first and second shearing boxes, thereby achieving circumferential shearing of samples with different materials, thicknesses, radii, and corresponding central angle sizes. Therefore, this invention can be used to study the influence of factors such as thickness, radius, central angle size, material, load magnitude and position, and shear surface radius on the circumferential shearing mechanical properties of circular structural surfaces.

[0090] The shearing component of this invention can be connected to an external driving mechanism, and the rotational torque applied by the driving mechanism ensures that the force is always perpendicular to the interface normal direction. This simplifies the circumferential shearing of a circular structural surface to direct planar shearing, enabling the study of the circumferential shearing mechanical properties of a circular structural surface and solving the problem of difficult circumferential shearing loading of a circular structural surface.

[0091] The circumferential shear component and testing device provided by this invention can perform circumferential shear on a single material, functioning similarly to direct shear tests and conventional circumferential shear tests, and can obtain relevant mechanical properties of the material. However, unlike traditional shearing, the circular shear surface is more suitable for torsional engineering structures, such as pipes, piles, and columns. Furthermore, the circumferential shear testing device provided by this invention can perform circumferential shear on specimens with a circular interface between two materials, allowing for in-depth investigation of the circumferential bonding and slip properties of the material interface. Therefore, the testing device of this invention can obtain mechanical parameters such as the internal friction angle and cohesion of a single material, and can also obtain the shear mechanical properties of a circular interface for specimens combining two materials. This provides a reliable reference for the study of the circumferential stress mechanism between circular interfaces and other materials in pipes, pile foundations, columns, etc., as well as for technical construction standards, daily maintenance, repair, and evaluation of repair effects.

[0092] The circumferential shear testing device provided by this invention is applicable to both fan-shaped and annular shear specimens. For fan-shaped test specimens with a small central angle, multiple first and second fixed blocks and first and second fixed top plates can be installed simultaneously to form multiple first shear boxes and second shear boxes, enabling circumferential shearing of multiple fan-shaped test specimens and improving testing efficiency.

[0093] The sample does not need to fill the cavity formed by the first and second shear boxes in the radial direction. It is sufficient to make the shearing surface located at the contact surface of the shear box. Since the shearing is performed along the circular structural surface, the sample will not loosen in the radial direction.

[0094] In summary, the circular shear component and testing device for circular structural surfaces provided by this invention can be applied to the circumferential shear mechanical response test of circular structural surfaces. Its shear box has a high degree of flexibility in shape and can be applied to test samples of different sizes. It can accurately obtain the mechanical parameters of the material and the mechanical parameters of the material interface bond-slip performance. It is helpful for the study of the circumferential shear mechanical mechanism of circular structural surfaces such as pipes, pile foundations, and columns, as well as the interface strength mechanism under different circumferential loads.

[0095] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circular structural surface circumferential shearing component, characterized in that, The circumferential shearing component is a movable and detachable circumferential shearing component, including a chassis. The chassis mainly consists of a transmission chassis, a rotating chassis, and a fixed chassis arranged circumferentially from the inside to the outside, all on the same axis. The transmission chassis has a transmission shaft connection hole at the shaft center for mounting the transmission shaft and connecting it to an external drive mechanism; the transmission chassis is fixed on the rotating chassis, which is mounted on the fixed chassis and can rotate relative to the fixed chassis. The upper surfaces of the rotating chassis and the fixed chassis are on the same horizontal plane, and the upper surface of the transmission chassis is a preset distance higher than the upper surfaces of the rotating chassis and the fixed chassis. It also includes a first shearing box consisting of a transmission chassis as an internal limiting component and a first movable element mounted and fixed on a rotating chassis; and a second shearing box consisting of a second movable element mounted on a fixed chassis close to the outer periphery of the first shearing box. The first shear box has a first receiving groove, and the second shear box has a second receiving groove. The opening of the second receiving groove communicates with the opening of the first receiving groove to form a receiving cavity for accommodating the test sample. The first shear box and the second shear box are installed by fixing bolts using multiple detachable and replaceable movable elements. Different specifications of shear boxes can be formed by replacing the movable elements that make up the first shear box and the second shear box. The first movable element and the second movable element can be replaced with a fan-shaped ring or a ring-shaped limiting element according to the shape of the sample. Driven by an external drive motor, the first shear box can rotate relative to the second shear box, generating circumferential shear. Specifically, a rotating base is used as the bottom component of the first shear box. The drive base rotates under the drive of the external drive mechanism, which in turn drives the rotating base to rotate. The second shear box remains stationary, causing the first shear box to rotate relative to the second shear box, and the sample inside the box undergoes circumferential shear.

2. The circumferential shearing component with a circular structure surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the movable and detachable circumferential shearing component is a fan-shaped shearing component suitable for fan-shaped shearing specimens; The first movable element constituting the first shearing box includes two first fixed blocks and a fan-shaped first fixed top plate; the transmission chassis serves as an internal limiting component, the two first fixed blocks are spaced apart as side limiting components, the first fixed top plate serves as an upper limiting component, the first fixed top plate is fixedly connected to and fixedly installed on the rotating chassis, forming the first shearing box on the rotating chassis, forming a fan-shaped first receiving groove. The second movable element constituting the second shear box includes two second fixed blocks and a second fixed top plate. The two second fixed blocks are spaced apart and fixed to the fixed base as side limiting components. The second fixed top plate is set close to the first fixed top plate as an upper limiting component and is fixedly connected to and fixedly installed on the fixed base with the spaced-apart second fixed blocks. The second shear box is formed on the fixed base, forming a fan-shaped annular second receiving groove. The second shear box is fixed to the base plate through the fixed base. The groove opening of the second receiving groove communicates with the groove opening of the first receiving groove to form a fan-shaped annular receiving cavity for accommodating the test sample.

3. The circumferential shearing component with a circular structure surface according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the first shear box and the second shear box is at least one. When there are multiple first shear boxes and corresponding second shear boxes, multiple sets of first shear boxes consisting of two spaced-apart first fixed blocks and a first fixed top plate are fixedly installed on the rotating chassis. Correspondingly, multiple sets of second shear boxes consisting of two spaced-apart second fixed blocks and a second fixed top plate are fixedly installed on the fixed chassis. The multiple first shear boxes and corresponding second shear boxes form multiple receiving cavities, which can realize the circumferential shearing of multiple fan-shaped samples.

4. The circumferential shearing component with a circular structure surface according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The thickness, radius, corresponding central angle size, and position of the first fixed stop and the first fixed top plate that make up the first shearing box, and the second fixed stop and the second fixed top plate that make up the second shearing box, are adjusted according to the thickness, radius, corresponding central angle size, and position of the sample to be sheared, so as to adapt to samples with different thicknesses, radii, central angle sizes, and positions.

5. The circumferential shearing component with a circular structure surface according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The first and second fixed blocks, which limit the same side, are located in the same radial direction and their inner and outer end faces and upper end faces are flush. The first fixed top plate covers the two spaced-apart first fixed blocks. The second fixed top plate covers the two spaced-apart second fixed blocks to form a regular box.

6. The circumferential shearing component with a circular structure surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the movable and detachable circumferential shearing component is a circumferential shearing component suitable for circumferential shearing specimens; The first movable element constituting the first shearing box includes only an annular first fixed top plate, with the transmission chassis as the internal limiting component and the first fixed top plate as the upper limiting component. The inner side of the first fixed top plate is closely attached to the outer side of the transmission chassis and is fixedly installed at a preset height above the rotating chassis, forming the first shearing box on the rotating chassis and forming an annular first receiving groove. The second movable element constituting the second shear box includes only an annular second fixed top plate, which serves as an upper limit and is arranged with its inner side closely attached to the outer side of the first fixed top plate. It is fixedly installed at a preset height above the fixed chassis to form the second shear box on the fixed chassis, forming an annular second receiving groove. The opening of the second receiving groove communicates with the opening of the first receiving groove to form an annular receiving cavity for accommodating the test sample.

7. The circumferential shearing component with a circular structure surface according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preset heights of the first fixed top plate and the second fixed top plate above the fixed base are adjusted according to the thickness of the annular sample to accommodate annular samples of different thicknesses.

8. The circumferential shearing component with a circular structure surface according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first fixed top plate is installed at a preset height above the rotating chassis, and the second fixed top plate is installed at the same preset height above the fixed chassis.

9. A circumferential shear testing device, characterized in that, The device includes a circular structure surface circumferential shearing component as described in any one of claims 1-8 and a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is provided with a transmission shaft, which is disposed in the transmission shaft connection hole of the transmission chassis and is connected to the transmission chassis through a first fixing member. The driving mechanism drives the transmission shaft to rotate the transmission chassis, causing the first shearing box to rotate relative to the second shearing box, thereby generating circumferential shearing. A torque sensor is provided on the transmission shaft to measure the torque generated during circumferential shearing.

10. The circumferential shear testing apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drive mechanism applies circumferential shear force by means of a fixed angular velocity or a fixed torque.

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