A phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function and array thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a phased array unit with a bidirectional beam scanning function, which comprises a first layer of dielectric plates, a second layer of dielectric plates and a laminated plate arranged between the first layer of dielectric plates and the second layer of dielectric plates, the first layer of dielectric plates is provided with a receiving element, a reflection delay element and a first radio frequency switch element, the receiving element receives electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves are processed by the reflection delay element to obtain cross-polarized reflected waves, and the transmission element receives electromagnetic waves and processes the electromagnetic waves to obtain cross-polarized transmitted waves; the first radio frequency switch element is used for turning on and off to change the phase of the reflected waves, and the transmission element changes the phase of the transmitted waves. By configuring the phases of the transmitted waves and the reflected waves of each unit in the array, bidirectional beam scanning and independent control of the beams in each direction can be realized, a wider coverage range is achieved, the application potential is strong, and the phased array unit can be widely applied to the technical field of antennas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function and an array thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the advent of the 5G and 6G wireless communication era, higher carrier frequencies, communication rates, range coverage and other application requirements lead to a sharp increase in the number of antennas and base stations, resulting in high hardware costs and power consumption. In order to solve these problems, one of the existing research directions is the low-cost, low-power and easy-to-integrate intelligent surface technology, but the current research mainly focuses on the intelligent surface with only reflection or only transmission function, which cannot meet the special application scenarios that require simultaneous coverage in different directions. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function, which has bidirectional beam scanning and independent control functions, can simultaneously cover different directions, has wide coverage and strong application potential.

[0004] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function, which comprises a first layer of dielectric plate, a second layer of dielectric plate and a laminated plate arranged between the first layer of dielectric plate and the second layer of dielectric plate, the first layer of dielectric plate is in communication with the second layer of dielectric plate through a metal column, and the metal column passes through the laminated plate.

[0005] The first layer of dielectric plate is provided with a receiving element, a reflection delay element and a first radio frequency switch element, the receiving element receives electromagnetic waves and transmits a part of the electromagnetic waves to the reflection delay element through the first radio frequency switch element, the reflection delay element processes the part of the electromagnetic waves to obtain cross-polarized reflected waves after phase delay, and another part of the electromagnetic waves flows to the second layer of dielectric plate through the metal column, the second layer of dielectric plate comprises a transmission element, and the transmission element processes the electromagnetic waves flowing to the second layer of dielectric plate to obtain cross-polarized transmission waves.

[0006] The first radio frequency switch element is used to turn on and off the receiving element and the reflection delay element to change the direction of the reflected waves, the transmission element comprises a second radio frequency switch element, the second radio frequency switch element changes the current direction on the transmission element after turning on and off to change the direction of the transmission waves, and the transmission waves and the reflected waves are radiated simultaneously and the radiation direction is independently controlled.

[0007] Optionally, the first layer dielectric plate is provided with a reflection biasing element, the reflection biasing element, the receiving element, the reflection delay element and the first radio frequency switch element jointly constitute a reflection control unit of the phased array unit, and the reflection control unit is used for controlling a reflection phase difference of the phased array unit.

[0008] Optionally, the metal column includes a first column, a second column and a third column, the first column is communicated with the first surface and the second surface of the first layer dielectric plate, the second column is communicated with the third surface and the fourth surface of the laminated plate, and the third column is communicated with the fifth surface and the sixth surface of the second layer dielectric plate, the first column is communicated with the second column at the second surface of the first layer dielectric plate, and the second column is communicated with the third column at the fourth surface of the laminated plate.

[0009] Optionally, the second surface of the first layer dielectric plate is provided with a metal floor, and the metal floor isolates the first layer dielectric plate and the second layer dielectric plate, and further isolates the transmitted wave and the transmitted wave.

[0010] Optionally, the first layer dielectric plate is provided with a first metal via, and the first radio frequency switch element is connected to the metal floor through the first metal via.

[0011] Optionally, the first layer dielectric plate is provided with a direct current control line and a second metal via, the second layer dielectric plate is provided with a third metal via and a fourth metal via, and the direct current control line is connected to the fifth surface of the second layer dielectric plate through the second metal via, the third metal via and the fourth metal via.

[0012] Optionally, the second layer dielectric plate is provided with a transmission biasing element and a fan-shaped metal element, the transmission biasing element and the fan-shaped metal element jointly suppress the transmission of a radio frequency signal on the direct current control line, and the radio frequency signal is generated after the transmission element receives an electromagnetic wave.

[0013] Optionally, the second layer dielectric plate is provided with a parasitic element, the parasitic element, the transmission element, the transmission biasing element and the second radio frequency switch element jointly constitute a transmission control unit of the phased array unit, and the transmission control unit controls a transmission phase difference of the phased array unit.

[0014] Optionally, the first layer dielectric plate, the laminated plate and the second layer dielectric plate are all cuboids with a length and a width equal to 0.3λ0-0.4λ0, and λ0 is a free space wavelength of a center frequency of 5GHz-6GHz.

[0015] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an array with bidirectional beam scanning function, characterized in that the array comprises the phased array unit as described above, the array is composed of a plurality of phased array units, and the array realizes independent two-dimensional bidirectional beam scanning.

[0016] The embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects: the embodiment of the present application provides a phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function, the phased array unit comprises a first layer of dielectric plate, a laminated plate and a second layer of dielectric plate, the first layer of dielectric plate is fixedly connected with the second layer of dielectric plate through the laminated plate, the first layer of dielectric plate is in communication with the second layer of dielectric plate through a metal column, and the metal column penetrates through the laminated plate; the first layer of dielectric plate is provided with a receiving element, a reflection delay element and a first radio frequency switch element, the receiving element receives electromagnetic waves, and a part of the electromagnetic waves is transmitted to the reflection delay element through the first radio frequency switch element, the reflection delay element processes the part of the electromagnetic waves to obtain cross-polarized reflected waves after phase delay, and another part of the electromagnetic waves flows to the second layer of dielectric plate through the metal column; the second layer of dielectric plate comprises a transmission element, the transmission element receives the electromagnetic waves flowing to the second layer of dielectric plate and processes the electromagnetic waves to obtain cross-polarized transmission waves; the first radio frequency switch element is used for opening and closing the receiving element and the reflection delay element to change the direction of the reflected waves, the transmission element comprises a second radio frequency switch element, the second radio frequency switch element changes the current direction on the transmission element to change the direction of the transmission waves after being turned off, and the transmission waves and the reflected waves are radiated at the same time and the radiation direction is independently controlled. By simultaneously transmitting and reflecting electromagnetic waves, a wider coverage range is realized, by changing the direction of the transmission waves and the direction of the reflected waves, bidirectional beam scanning and independent regulation and control of the beam in each direction can be realized, and the application potential is strong. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a topological structure diagram of a phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a structure diagram of a receiving element and a reflection delay element provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a structure diagram of a metal ground plate provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a structure diagram of a biasing element and a fan-shaped metal provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a structure diagram of a transmission element provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 Fig. 9 is a reflection and transmission amplitude curve of a phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function provided by an embodiment of the present application, which shows the change of reflection and transmission amplitude with frequency;

[0024] Figure 8 Fig. 9 is a reflection and transmission amplitude curve of a phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function provided by an embodiment of the present application, which shows the change of reflection and transmission amplitude with frequency;

[0025] Figure 9 Fig. 9 is a reflection and transmission amplitude curve of a phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function provided by an embodiment of the present application, which shows the change of reflection and transmission amplitude with frequency;

[0026] Figure 10 Fig. 10 is an array structure diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application, which shows the overall structure of the array and the surface view of the array;

[0027] Fig. 10 is an array structure diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application, which shows the overall structure of the array and the surface view of the array; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. For the step numbers in the following embodiments, they are only set for the convenience of description, and the order between the steps is not limited in any way, and the execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0029] In a first aspect, as shown in Figure 1 and 2 provided by an embodiment of the present application, a phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function is provided, which includes a phased array unit;

[0030] The phased array unit comprises a first layer of medium plate (101), a laminated plate (102) and a second layer of medium plate (103), the first layer of medium plate (101) is fixedly connected with the second layer of medium plate (103) through the laminated plate (102), and the first layer of medium plate (101) is connected with the second layer of medium plate (103) through a metal column, and the metal column penetrates through the laminated plate (102);

[0031] The first layer of medium plate (101) is provided with a receiving element (104), a reflection delay element (107) and a first radio frequency switch element (118, 119), the receiving element (104) receives electromagnetic waves, and a part of the electromagnetic waves is transmitted to the reflection delay element (107) through the first radio frequency switch element (118, 119), the reflection delay element (107) processes the part of the electromagnetic waves to obtain cross-polarized reflected waves after phase delay, and another part of the electromagnetic waves flows to the second layer of medium plate (103) through the metal column, and the second layer of medium plate (103) comprises a transmission element (112), the transmission element (112) receives the electromagnetic waves flowing to the second layer of medium plate (103) and processes to obtain cross-polarized transmission waves;

[0032] The first radio frequency switch element (118, 119) is connected or disconnected with the receiving element (104) and the reflection delay element (107), so as to change the direction of the reflected waves, thereby controlling the phase of the reflected waves. The transmission element (112) comprises a second radio frequency switch element (120, 121), the second radio frequency switch element is connected or disconnected to change the current direction on the transmission element, so as to change the direction of the transmission waves, thereby controlling the phase of the transmission waves. By independently controlling the first radio frequency switch element and the second radio frequency switch element, the transmission waves and the reflected waves are radiated at the same time, and the bidirectional beam direction is independently controlled.

[0033] Specifically, the reflection delay elements (107) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the receiving element (104) and are connected through the first radio frequency switch elements (118, 119), the first radio frequency switch element (118) is connected in forward direction to connect the receiving element (104) and the reflection delay element (107), and the first radio frequency switch element (119) is connected in reverse direction to connect the receiving element (104) and the reflection delay element (107); the parts arranged on the left and right sides of the receiving element (104) are connected through a metal wire, the direction of the current is controlled through the first radio frequency switch elements (118, 119) on the left and right sides, the current flows back after flowing through the metal wire, and the phase is correspondingly delayed, so as to achieve the effect of phase delay.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-6Optionally, the metal column includes a first column (105_A) connecting the first surface and the second surface of the first dielectric plate (101), a second column (105_B) connecting the third surface and the fourth surface of the laminated plate (102), and a third column (105_C) connecting the fifth surface and the sixth surface of the second dielectric plate (103), the first column (105_A) is connected to the second column (105_B) at the second surface of the first dielectric plate (101), and the second column (105_B) is connected to the third column (105_C) at the fourth surface of the laminated plate (102).

[0035] Specifically, the metal column connects the first dielectric plate (101), the laminated plate (102), and the second dielectric plate (103) to transmit the electromagnetic wave received by the receiving element (104) so that the electromagnetic wave reaches the transmission element (112). The proportion of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the receiving element (104) to the second dielectric plate (103) through the metal column, i.e., the proportion of the electromagnetic wave received by the receiving element (104), is determined by the different positions of the metal column (105_A is located at different positions of the receiving element) on the receiving element (104).

[0036] Referring to Figures 1-6 Optionally, the second surface of the first dielectric plate (101) is provided with a metal floor (122) to isolate the first dielectric plate (101) and the second dielectric plate (103), and further isolate the reflected wave and the transmitted wave.

[0037] Optionally, the first dielectric plate (101) is provided with a first metal via (106), and the first radio frequency switch element (118, 119) is connected to the metal floor (122) through the first metal via (106).

[0038] Optionally, the first dielectric plate (101) is provided with a direct current control line and a second metal via (108), the second dielectric plate is provided with a third metal via (114) and a fourth metal via (115), and the direct current control line (117) is connected to the fifth surface of the second dielectric plate (103) through the second metal via (108), the third metal via (114), and the fourth metal via (115).

[0039] Optionally, the second dielectric plate (103) is provided with a transmission biasing element (113) and a fan-shaped metal element (110, 116), the transmission biasing element (113) and the fan-shaped metal element (110, 116) together suppress the transmission of the radio frequency signal on the direct current control line (117), and the radio frequency signal is generated after the transmission element (112) receives the electromagnetic wave. The length of the fan-shaped metal element is approximately equal to one-quarter of the wavelength of the second dielectric plate.

[0040] Optionally, the second layer of dielectric board (103) is provided with a parasitic element (111), the parasitic element (111), the transmission element (112), the transmission bias element (113) and the second radio frequency switch element (120, 121) together constitute a transmission control unit of the phased array unit, the transmission control unit controls the phased array unit to have a stable transmission phase difference; the parasitic element (111) can expand the bandwidth and reduce the loss of the second radio frequency switch element.

[0041] Optionally, the first layer of dielectric board (101), the laminated board (102) and the lower layer of dielectric board (103) are all cubes with length and width equal to 0.3λ0-0.4λ0, wherein λ0 is the free space wavelength of the center frequency of 5GHz-6GHz.

[0042] Reference Figures 1-6 In a specific embodiment, the phased array unit is divided into a first layer of dielectric board (101), a laminated board (102) and a second layer of dielectric board (103), and the two layers of dielectric boards are pressed into an integral structure by the laminated board. The upper surface (receiving layer) of the first layer of dielectric board (101) is printed with a rectangular metal patch (104) (i.e. a receiving element, which is a rectangular metal patch as a receiving element in this embodiment), a delay line metal patch (107) (i.e. a reflection delay element, which is a delay line metal patch as a reflection delay element in this embodiment) and a bias line metal patch (109) (i.e. a reflection delay element, which is a delay line metal patch as a reflection delay element in this embodiment). The rectangular metal patch first receives electromagnetic waves. On the one hand, due to the phase delay effect of the delay line metal patch, the polarization of the synthesized reflected electromagnetic waves is rotated to form cross-polarized reflected waves. On the other hand, the other half of the received electromagnetic waves flows to the lower layer of transmission metal patch (112) (i.e. a transmission element, which is a transmission metal patch as a transmission element in this embodiment) through the metal column, forming cross-polarized transmission waves.

[0043] On the first surface of the first layer of dielectric board, according to the current reversal principle, the connection points of the rectangular metal patch (104) and the delay line metal patch (107) are controlled by controlling the on-off of the first radio frequency switch element (118, 119), so as to control the direction of the reflected electromagnetic waves. The first radio frequency switch element can be a diode, and the direction of the reflected electromagnetic waves (reflected waves) is controlled by controlling the on-off of the diode.

[0044] On the sixth surface of the second layer of dielectric plate, the transmission element (112) is selected as a strip-shaped metal patch, which is divided into three sections, the middle section patch is connected with the two side section patches by using the second radio frequency switch element (120, 121), the middle section patch is connected with the left side section patch in a forward direction through the second radio frequency switch element (120), and the middle section patch is connected with the right side section patch in a reverse direction through the second radio frequency switch element (121), according to the current reversal principle, the on-off of the second radio frequency switch element is controlled to control the current direction on the strip-shaped metal patch, so as to control the phase of the transmitted electromagnetic wave (transmitted wave).

[0045] On the radio frequency, on the one hand, the first surface of the first layer of dielectric plate and the sixth surface of the second layer of dielectric plate are electromagnetically isolated by the metal floor (122), so that the reflected wave and the transmitted wave work independently without affecting each other; on the other hand, the connection is realized through the thick metal column (105, including 105_A, 105_B and 105_C), so as to realize the sharing of the incident electromagnetic wave.

[0046] On the direct current control, the first radio frequency switch element and the second radio frequency switch element for transmitting and receiving share the metal floor (122) as a reference ground through the first metal via (106), and then the direct current control line is introduced to the upper layer of the second layer of dielectric plate through the second metal via (108), the third metal via (114) and the fourth metal via (115), and the outgoing of the control line is uniformly controlled.

[0047] Through the joint action of the reflection bias line metal patch (109), the transmission bias line metal patch (113) and the sector-shaped metal element (110, 116), the transmission of the radio frequency signal on the direct current control line is suppressed, and the sector-shaped metal patch is used as the sector-shaped metal element in the embodiment. In order to ensure that the reflection and transmission units of the phased array unit are consistent in size, the width and length of the first layer of dielectric plate (101), the laminated plate (102) and the second layer of dielectric plate (103) are about 0.39λ0, and λ0 is the free space wavelength of the center frequency 5.8GHz.

[0048] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8The simulation results of the phased array unit show that the receiving element (104), the reflection delay element (107), the reflection bias element (109) and the first radio frequency switch element (118, 119) on the first surface of the first layer medium plate (101) together form a reflection control part of the phased array unit, so that the phased array unit has stable 180° reflection phase difference in a wide frequency band; the transmission element (112), the parasitic element (111), the transmission bias element (113) and the second radio frequency switch (120, 121) on the second layer medium plate (103) together form a transmission control part of the phased array unit, so that the phased array unit has stable 180° transmission phase difference in a wide frequency band.

[0049] With reference to Figure 9 The bidirectional scanning performance diagram of the phased array unit with the bidirectional beam scanning function provided by the embodiment of the present application shows that the beam can be freely controlled in the scanning angle in the bidirectional direction and has no influence on each other. Due to the symmetry of the structure, only half of the scanning results are shown. It can be seen that the embodiment finally realizes the scanning in the bidirectional two-dimensional ±60° (that is, the reflection wave is in 0°-60° and the transmission wave is in 180°-240°), which proves the feasibility of the proposed scheme.

[0050] The embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects: the embodiment of the present application provides a phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function, the phased array unit includes a first layer medium plate, a laminated plate and a second layer medium plate, the first layer medium plate is fixedly connected with the second layer medium plate through the laminated plate, the first layer medium plate is in communication with the second layer medium plate through a metal column, and the metal column passes through the laminated plate; the first layer medium plate is provided with a receiving element, a reflection delay element and a first radio frequency switch element, the receiving element receives electromagnetic waves and transmits a part of the electromagnetic waves to the reflection delay element through the first radio frequency switch element, the reflection delay element processes a part of the electromagnetic waves to obtain cross-polarized reflection waves, and another part of the electromagnetic waves flows to the second layer medium plate through the metal column; the second layer medium plate includes a transmission element, the transmission element receives the electromagnetic waves flowing to the second layer medium plate and processes to obtain cross-polarized transmission waves; the first radio frequency switch element is used for opening and closing the receiving element and the reflection delay element to change the phase of the reflection wave, and the transmission element includes a second radio frequency switch element, the second radio frequency switch element changes the current direction on the transmission element to change the phase of the transmission wave, and the transmission wave and the reflection wave are radiated at the same time and the radiation direction is independently controlled. By configuring the phase of the transmission wave and the phase of the reflection wave of each unit in the array, bidirectional beam scanning and independent regulation of the beam in each direction can be realized, a wider coverage range can be achieved, and the application potential is strong.

[0051] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an array with bidirectional beam scanning function, characterized in that, comprising the phased array unit as described above, the array is composed of multiple phased array units, and the array realizes independent two-dimensional bidirectional beam scanning.

[0052] With reference to Figure 10 In a specific embodiment, the phased array unit forms the rotation of the reflected wave polarization through a delay line, and then forms a 180° phase difference of the reflected wave through current reversal, and similarly, the transmission element (112) of the second layer medium plate forms a 180° phase difference of the transmitted wave through current reversal, thereby forming 1-bit phase quantization of independent control of reflection and transmission. The phased array unit is composed of an array, and a kind of array with bidirectional beam scanning function is completed, and independent two-dimensional beam ±60° scanning is realized in two directions;Specifically, the phased array unit with bidirectional independent 180° phase difference control is composed of an array, and the first radio frequency switch element and the second radio frequency switch element of the phased array unit in the array are controlled to be on or off by applying positive and negative voltage, thereby forming 1-bit phase control at the unit level. According to the phased array principle, the phase is configured, so that the array with bidirectional beam scanning function can form independent two-dimensional scanning beams in two directions independently, thereby improving the coverage capability of the array. The array in the embodiment takes a low-gain electromagnetic dipole antenna as a feed source, so that the focal ratio is only 0.42, the overall profile of the array is reduced, and the loss caused by the feed source shielding is reduced.

[0053] The above is a specific description of the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or replacements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or replacements are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A phased array unit with bidirectional beam scanning function, characterized in that, The phase array unit comprises a first layer of dielectric plate, a second layer of dielectric plate and a laminated board arranged between the first layer of dielectric plate and the second layer of dielectric plate, the first layer of dielectric plate is communicated with the second layer of dielectric plate through a metal column, and the metal column penetrates through the laminated board; The first layer of dielectric plate is provided with a receiving element, a reflection delay element and a first radio frequency switch element, the receiving element receives electromagnetic waves and transmits a part of the electromagnetic waves to the reflection delay element through the first radio frequency switch element, the reflection delay element processes the part of the electromagnetic waves to obtain cross-polarized reflected waves after phase delay, another part of the electromagnetic waves flows to the second layer of dielectric plate through the metal column, the second layer of dielectric plate comprises a transmission element, the transmission element receives electromagnetic waves flowing to the second layer of dielectric plate and processes to obtain cross-polarized transmission waves; the first layer of dielectric plate is provided with a direct current control line, the second layer of dielectric plate is provided with a transmission bias element and a fan-shaped metal element, the transmission bias element, the fan-shaped metal element and the reflection delay element jointly suppress the transmission of radio frequency signals on the direct current control line, and the radio frequency signals are generated by the transmission element receiving electromagnetic waves; The reflection delay elements are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the receiving element, the first radio frequency switch element is forwardly connected to the receiving element and the reflection delay element, the third radio frequency switch element is reversely connected to the receiving element and the reflection delay element, the reflection delay elements arranged on the left and right sides of the receiving element are connected through a metal wire, the direction of current is controlled through the first radio frequency switch element and the third radio frequency switch element on the left and right sides, and the current flows back after flowing through the metal wire, and the phase is correspondingly delayed; The transmission element selects a strip-shaped metal patch, the strip-shaped metal patch is divided into three segments, the middle segment patch is forwardly connected to the left segment patch through the second radio frequency switch element, and the middle segment patch is reversely connected to the right segment patch through the fourth radio frequency switch element, according to the current reversal principle, the on-off of the second radio frequency switch element and the fourth radio frequency switch element is controlled to control the direction of current on the strip-shaped metal patch, so as to control the phase of the transmission wave; The first radio frequency switch element and the third radio frequency switch element are used for turning on and off the receiving element and the reflection delay element to change the direction of the reflected wave, the transmission element comprises a second radio frequency switch element, the on-off state of the second radio frequency switch element is changed to change the direction of current on the transmission element, so as to change the direction of the transmission wave, and the transmission wave and the reflected wave are radiated simultaneously and independently controlled in the radiation direction.

2. The phased array unit of claim 1, wherein, The first layer of dielectric plate is provided with a reflection bias element, the reflection bias element, the receiving element, the reflection delay element, the first radio frequency switch element and the third radio frequency switch element jointly constitute a reflection control unit of the phase array unit, and the reflection control unit is used for controlling the reflection phase difference of the phase array unit.

3. The phased array unit of claim 1, wherein, The metal column includes a first column, a second column and a third column, the first column communicates the first surface and the second surface of the first layer medium plate, the second column communicates the third surface and the fourth surface of the laminated plate, the third column communicates the fifth surface and the sixth surface of the second layer medium plate, the first column communicates the second surface of the first layer medium plate and the second column, the second column communicates the fourth surface of the laminated plate and the third column.

4. The phased array unit of claim 3, wherein, The second surface of the first layer medium plate is provided with a metal floor, the metal floor isolates the first layer medium plate and the second layer medium plate, and further isolates the reflected wave and the transmitted wave.

5. The phased array unit of claim 4, wherein, The first layer medium plate is provided with a first metal via, and the first radio frequency switch element is connected to the metal floor through the first metal via.

6. The phased array unit of claim 4, wherein, The first layer medium plate is provided with a second metal via, the second layer medium plate is provided with a third metal via and a fourth metal via, and the direct current control line is connected to the fifth surface of the second layer medium plate through the second metal via, the third metal via and the fourth metal via.

7. The phased array unit of claim 1, wherein, The second layer medium plate is provided with a parasitic element, the parasitic element, the transmission element, the transmission biasing element, the second radio frequency switch element and the fourth radio frequency switch element jointly constitute a transmission control unit of the phased array unit, and the transmission control unit controls a transmission phase difference of the phased array unit.

8. The phased array unit of claim 1, wherein, The first layer of dielectric plate, the laminated board and the second layer of dielectric plate are all cuboids with equal length and width , wherein is the free space wavelength of the center frequency 5GHz-6GHz.

9. An array having a bidirectional beam scanning function, characterized in that The phased array unit comprises any one of claims 1-8, the array is composed of a plurality of phased array units, and the array realizes independent two-dimensional bidirectional beam scanning.

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