A soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil suitable for early-maturing cotton and preparation thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a saline-alkali soil improver suitable for early-maturing cotton and preparation and application thereof, and relates to the following technical scheme: according to the characteristics of jujube tree cotton planting in saline-alkali soil, raw materials of the saline-alkali soil improver are screened, and the saline-alkali soil improver is prepared by optimization of a preparation process, so that the saline-alkali soil improver suitable for early-maturing cotton planting in saline-alkali soil is finally obtained. When the saline-alkali soil improver is applied to early-maturing cotton planting in saline-alkali soil, the cotton emergence rate in the saline-alkali soil can be obviously improved, the cotton emergence rate can be stabilized at more than 80%, the soil pH value in the saline-alkali soil can be reduced, and the salt content in the soil plough layer can be reduced, so that the cotton yield can be effectively improved, the cotton yield is increased by 18-26% compared to the cotton yield without using the saline-alkali soil improver, and the saline-alkali soil improver suitable for early-maturing cotton is proved to have a significant improvement effect on the early-maturing cotton, and the technical problems of low cotton emergence rate and low yield of early-maturing cotton in saline-alkali soil are solved. The saline-alkali soil improver is also proved to have a significant improvement effect on medium-maturing cotton.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology and relates to a saline-alkali soil conditioner, specifically a saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton and its preparation and application. Background Technology

[0002] Xinjiang has over 37 million mu (approximately 2.8 million hectares) of cotton cultivation area, requiring about 60,000 tons of cotton seeds annually. Approximately 6,000 tons of short lint are removed from the seeds using concentrated sulfuric acid. This acidic cotton lint is non-commercial and is mostly discarded as waste, causing environmental pollution and wasting valuable raw materials. Therefore, how to fully utilize this non-commercial acidic cotton lint to maximize its value, increase its production worth, and boost farmers' income is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0003] Xinjiang is internationally known as the "museum of saline-alkali land." Surveys show that saline-alkali land accounts for 37.7% of the irrigated farmland in Xinjiang. Cotton is Xinjiang's largest crop, with early-maturing varieties accounting for over 60% of the planting area. However, due to soil salinization, the emergence rate of early-maturing cotton varieties on saline-alkali land is less than 70%, resulting in yield reductions of over 30%. Therefore, targeted research on saline-alkali soil conditioners is essential. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Addressing the current technological challenges of low emergence rates (less than 70%) and yield reductions (over 30%) in early-maturing cotton varieties on saline-alkali land, and the existing utilization of short lint in acidic cotton, this invention aims to provide a saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton and its preparation method. Based on the characteristics of planting jujube and cotton trees on saline-alkali land, this invention, through screening raw materials and compatibility of saline-alkali soil conditioners and optimizing the preparation process, ultimately yields a conditioner specifically designed for early-maturing cotton cultivation on saline-alkali land. Applying this conditioner to early-maturing cotton cultivation on saline-alkali land significantly improves the emergence rate, maintaining it at over 80%. Simultaneously, it lowers the pH value of the saline-alkali soil and reduces the salt content in the topsoil, effectively increasing cotton yield by 18-26% compared to the group without the conditioner. This demonstrates that the saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties has a significant improving effect on early-maturing cotton, solving the technical problems of low emergence rates and low yield reductions in early-maturing cotton varieties on saline-alkali land. It also shows significant improvement for mid-maturing cotton.

[0005] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention can be accomplished through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties. By mass, the conditioner consists of the following components: 80-90 parts of acidic cotton linters, 2-4 parts of urea, 1-3 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 1-3 parts of glutaric acid, and 5-10 parts of sterile water.

[0007] Preferably, the present invention provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties, which, by mass parts, consists of the following components: 85 parts acidic cotton linters, 3 parts urea, 2 parts calcium lignosulfonate, 2 parts glutaric acid, and 8 parts sterile water.

[0008] The present invention provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties, wherein the acidic cotton lint is the lint washed off from cotton seeds with concentrated sulfuric acid, and the pH is 2-5.

[0009] Furthermore, this invention specifically provides a method for preparing a saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0010] (1) Sterile water is circulated 2 to 3 times vertically through a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.3 to 0.7 Tesla and a water flow velocity of 1 to 3 m / s to obtain magnetized water;

[0011] (2) Add urea and calcium lignosulfonate to the magnetized water in sequence, start stirring at a stirring rate of 120-300 rpm, and obtain a mixture after 10-20 minutes. Circulate the obtained mixture 2-3 times vertically through a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.3-0.7 Tesla and a water flow speed of 1-3 m / s to obtain the first magnetized mixed slurry.

[0012] (3) Add the glutaric acid to the first magnetized mixture, start stirring at a stirring rate of 120-300 rpm, and obtain the mixture after 10-20 minutes. Circulate the obtained mixture 2-3 times vertically through a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.3-0.7 Tesla and a water flow speed of 1-3 m / s to obtain the second magnetized slurry.

[0013] (4) Mix acidic cotton linters and the second type of magnetized slurry and granulate to obtain granular material, which is the saline-alkali soil conditioner.

[0014] In the preparation method of the saline-alkali soil amendment for early-maturing cotton varieties provided by the present invention, in step (1), sterile water is circulated twice vertically through a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.6 Tesla and a water flow velocity of 2 m / s through the magnetic field to obtain magnetized water.

[0015] In the preparation method of the saline-alkali soil amendment for early-maturing cotton varieties provided by the present invention, in step (2), the mixture is stirred at 200 rpm for 15 min, the mixture is circulated twice, the magnetic induction intensity is 0.6 Tesla, and the speed of water flowing through the magnetic field is 2 m / s.

[0016] In the preparation method of the saline-alkali soil amendment for early-maturing cotton varieties provided by the present invention, the stirring speed in step (3) is 200 rpm, the stirring time is 15 min, the number of cycles is 2, the magnetic induction intensity is 0.6 Tesla, and the water flow velocity through the magnetic field is 2 m / s.

[0017] This invention provides an application of a soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties in saline-alkali soils. It is applied to the surface before plowing and then incorporated into the soil during plowing; alternatively, it can be applied to the soil through mechanical furrowing during the crop's growing season. The dosage is 100–300 kg / 667 m². 2 .

[0018] Preferably, the application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner provided by the present invention for early-maturing cotton varieties is at a dosage of 200 kg / 667 m². 2 .

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention through the above technical solution are as follows:

[0020] (1) The saline-alkali soil conditioner for early-maturing cotton varieties provided by this invention, through screening the raw materials and compatibility of saline-alkali soil conditioners and optimizing the preparation process, finally obtains a conditioner specifically for the planting of early-maturing cotton in saline-alkali soil. When applied to the planting of early-maturing cotton in saline-alkali soil, it can significantly improve the emergence rate of cotton in saline-alkali soil. When applied to different varieties of early-maturing cotton, the emergence rate is increased by 23.1% to 26.0%, the yield is increased by 20.9% to 26.2%, and the soil pH is reduced by 0.23 to 0.26.

[0021] (2) The saline-alkali soil conditioner for early-maturing cotton varieties provided by the present invention is simple to prepare and low in cost. It can significantly reduce the saline-alkali content of saline-alkali land, reduce the salt content of the soil topsoil by 14.0% to 18.1%, effectively improve soil nutrients, and thus increase the cotton seedling emergence rate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following examples illustrate the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The acidic cotton linters, urea, calcium lignosulfonate, glycidol, sterile water, etc. used in the present invention can all be purchased through public channels. The equipment and instruments used in the process are all common equipment in the art. All materials, actual and instrumental measurement methods selected in the present invention are well known in the art but do not limit the implementation of the present invention. Other reagents and equipment well known in the art can be applied to the implementation of the following embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1: Saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties

[0024] This embodiment provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties. By mass, the conditioner consists of the following components: 80-90 parts acidic cotton linters, 2-4 parts urea, 1-3 parts calcium lignosulfonate, 1-3 parts glutaric acid, and 5-10 parts sterile water.

[0025] The preparation method of this saline-alkali soil conditioner specifically includes the following steps:

[0026] (1) Sterile water is circulated 2 to 3 times vertically through a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.3 to 0.7 Tesla and a water flow velocity of 1 to 3 m / s to obtain magnetized water;

[0027] (2) Add urea and calcium lignosulfonate to the magnetized water in sequence, start stirring at a stirring rate of 120-300 rpm, and obtain a mixture after 10-20 minutes. Circulate the obtained mixture 2-3 times vertically through a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.3-0.7 Tesla and a water flow speed of 1-3 m / s to obtain the first magnetized mixed slurry.

[0028] (3) Add the glutaric acid to the first magnetized mixture, start stirring at a stirring rate of 120-300 rpm, and obtain the mixture after 10-20 minutes. Circulate the obtained mixture 2-3 times vertically through a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.3-0.7 Tesla and a water flow speed of 1-3 m / s to obtain the second magnetized slurry.

[0029] (4) Mix acidic cotton linters and the second type of magnetized slurry and granulate to obtain granular material, which is the saline-alkali soil conditioner.

[0030] Example 2: Saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties

[0031] Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties. The conditioner consists of the following components: 85 kg of acidic cotton linters, 3 kg of urea, 2 kg of calcium lignosulfonate, 2 kg of methyl ether, and 8 kg of sterile water. In its preparation method, the magnetized water is circulated twice, with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.6 Tesla and a water flow velocity of 2 m / s. In the preparation of the first magnetized mixture, the stirring speed is 200 rpm, the stirring time is 15 min, the number of cycles is 2, the magnetic induction intensity is 0.6 Tesla, and the water flow velocity is 2 m / s. In the preparation of the second magnetized slurry, the stirring speed is 200 rpm, the stirring time is 15 min, the number of cycles is 2, the magnetic induction intensity is 0.6 Tesla, and the water flow velocity through the magnetic field is 2 m / s.

[0032] Formula 2: 80kg of acidic cotton linters, 2kg of urea, 1kg of calcium lignosulfonate, 1kg of glycosaminoglycan, and 5kg of sterile water.

[0033] Formula 3: 90kg of acidic cotton linters, 4kg of urea, 3kg of calcium lignosulfonate, 3kg of glycidol, and 10kg of sterile water.

[0034] Formula 4: 88kg of acidic cotton linters, 3kg of urea, 2kg of calcium lignosulfonate, 3kg of glycidol, and 8kg of sterile water.

[0035] Example 3: Application of saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties

[0036] Based on Examples 1-2, this embodiment applies the saline-alkali soil conditioner provided by this invention to cotton planting. Early-maturing cotton varieties were planted in saline-alkali land in Shule County and Yuepuhu County, major cotton-producing areas of Xinjiang. Typical early-maturing cotton varieties, Xinluzao 61 and Xinluzhong 67, were selected. A control group (blank group) was set up. The commercially available saline-alkali soil conditioner was group E (Saline-Alkali Eliminator High-Efficiency Soil Structure Conditioner from Shandong Weifang Lvke Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). The formulation in Example 2 of this application uses a saline-alkali soil conditioner at a dosage of 200 kg / 667 m². 2 Group B, Example 2, Formula 1, dosage 100kg / 667m 2 Group C, Example 2, Formula 1, dosage 300kg / 667m 2 Group D, along with experiments on formulations 2-4 of Example 2 of this application, were conducted by incorporating them into the soil during plowing. Soil pH, topsoil salinity, and cotton yield were examined and statistically analyzed. Specific experimental results are shown in Tables 2-3.

[0037] Table 1: Experimental Application Scheme Design

[0038] Grouping Application solutions A control group Blank group Experimental Group E Commercially available saline-alkali soil conditioner Experimental Group B <![CDATA[200kg / 667m 2 ]]> Experimental Group C <![CDATA[100kg / 667m 2 ]]> Experimental Group D <![CDATA[300kg / 667m 2 ]]>

[0039] Table 2: Application of Early-maturing Cotton Planting in Saline-alkali Land of Shule County

[0040]

[0041] Table 3: Application of Early-maturing Cotton Planting in Saline-alkali Land of Yuepuhu County

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] As shown in Table 2-3, the saline-alkali soil conditioner provided by this invention, applicable to early-maturing cotton varieties, exhibits significant improvement effects when applied to early-maturing cotton planting in saline-alkali land in Shule County and Yuepuhu County. Cotton seedling emergence rate increased by 23.1%–26.0%, yield increased by 20.9%–26.2%, soil pH decreased by 0.23–0.26, and soil topsoil salinity decreased by 14.0%–18.1%. When applied to mid-maturing cotton varieties, the seedling emergence rate increased by 14.3%–19.8%, yield increased by 18.9%–21.2%, soil pH decreased by 0.24–0.25, and soil topsoil salinity decreased by 15.0%–16.4%. This indicates that the saline-alkali soil conditioner applicable to early-maturing cotton varieties has a significant improving effect on early-maturing cotton, solving the technical problems of low seedling emergence rate and low yield reduction in early-maturing cotton varieties on saline-alkali land, and also significantly improving the conditions for mid-maturing cotton.

[0045] As described above, the present invention can be well implemented. The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all changes and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner for saline-alkali soils suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties, characterized in that, The improver consists of the following components by mass: 80-90 parts acidic cotton linters, 2-4 parts urea, 1-3 parts calcium lignosulfonate, 1-3 parts hydroxyacid, and 5-10 parts sterile water. The acidic cotton linters are short linters washed off from cotton seeds with concentrated sulfuric acid, and the pH is 2-5.

2. The saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The modifier consists of the following components by weight: 85 parts acidic cotton linters, 3 parts urea, 2 parts calcium lignosulfonate, 2 parts glutaric acid, and 8 parts sterile water.

3. A method for preparing a saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method specifically includes the following steps: (1) Sterile water is circulated 2 to 3 times vertically through a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.3 to 0.7 Tesla and a water flow velocity of 1 to 3 m / s to obtain magnetized water; (2) Add urea and calcium lignosulfonate to magnetized water in sequence, start stirring, stirring speed 120-300 rpm, and obtain a mixture after 10-20 minutes. Circulate the obtained mixture 2-3 times vertically through a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.3-0.7 Tesla and a water flow speed of 1-3 m / s to obtain the first magnetized mixed slurry. (3) Add the glutaric acid to the first magnetized mixture, start stirring at a stirring rate of 120-300 rpm, and obtain the mixture after 10-20 minutes. Circulate the obtained mixture 2-3 times vertically through a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.3-0.7 Tesla and a water flow speed of 1-3 m / s to obtain the second magnetized slurry. (4) Mix acidic cotton linters and the second type of magnetized slurry and granulate to obtain granular material, which is the saline-alkali soil conditioner.

4. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In step (1), the sterile water is circulated twice vertically through a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.6 Tesla and a water flow velocity of 2 m / s through the magnetic field, thus obtaining magnetized water.

5. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil conditioner suitable for early-maturing cotton varieties as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In step (2), the mixture is stirred at 200 rpm for 15 minutes, circulated twice, the magnetic induction intensity is 0.6 Tesla, and the speed of water flowing through the magnetic field is 2 m / s.

6. The application of a saline-alkali soil conditioner for early-maturing cotton varieties as described in claim 1.

7. The application of a saline-alkali soil conditioner for early-maturing cotton varieties as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The dosage of the improver is 100-300 kg / 667 m³. 2 .

8. The application of a saline-alkali soil conditioner for early-maturing cotton varieties as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The dosage of the improver is 200 kg / 667 m³. 2 .

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