A steel support anti-falling device and an anti-falling warning method for steel supports

Abstract

The present invention discloses a steel support anti-falling device and an anti-falling warning method for a steel support, including a wall fixing component, a steel support surrounding fastener, an OO-shaped flower basket bolt and a warning component; the wall fixing component is fixed to the retaining structure where the steel waling is located, the steel support surrounding fastener is tightened around the steel support and close to the end of the steel support, and the warning component and the OO-shaped flower basket bolt are sequentially connected between the steel support surrounding fastener and the wall fixing component; the warning component includes a housing, a pull rod, a first oil cylinder, a second oil cylinder and a first transparent cover; one end of the housing is provided with a chute, one end of the pull rod is provided with a slider adapted to the chute, a side hole communicating with the chute is provided on the side wall of the housing, and the opening end of the first oil cylinder is communicated with the side hole. The present invention adds a warning function to the anti-falling structure, real-time feedbacks the stress condition of the steel support, saves precious time for risk avoidance and subsequent emergency rescue work, thereby improving the safety level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of foundation pit construction equipment, and particularly relates to an anti-falling device for steel supports and an anti-falling early warning method for steel supports. Background Art

[0002] A foundation pit is an earth pit excavated at the designed position of the foundation according to the base elevation and the foundation plane size. Before excavation, the excavation plan should be determined based on geological and hydrological data, combined with the situation of nearby buildings on site, and waterproof and drainage work should be done well. For those with deeper excavation and adjacent buildings, methods such as foundation pit wall support, shotcrete retaining wall method can be used. For large foundation pits, methods such as diaphragm wall and column - type bored cast - in - place piles interlocking are even adopted to prevent the outer soil layer from collapsing in.

[0003] Among them, the pit wall support adopts a steel support system. The existing foundation pit support systems include two types: reinforced concrete support system and steel structure support system. The traditional reinforced concrete support system requires a long production and curing time and cannot immediately play a supporting role after production; the workload of removing the concrete support is large, with serious dust pollution, large vibration, high noise, and the materials cannot be reused, which does not meet the requirements of current green construction. The underground steel support system can well overcome the above - mentioned disadvantages of the reinforced concrete support system, with fast construction speed and can be reused. However, the existing steel supports also have some deficiencies: the two ends of the steel support are respectively a fixed end and a swivel end, and both ends are suspended on the steel waling of the retaining structure through L - shaped anti - falling plates. The swivel end applies a pre - pressure through a hydraulic jack to tightly hold the steel support between two relatively or obliquely opposite steel walings. Among them, the hydraulic jack monitors and adjusts the supporting force in real time, but the hydraulic system cannot intuitively feedback the on - site situation of the steel support. However, in the actual construction process, there is indeed a problem of steel support falling.

[0004] In order to prevent the steel support from falling and causing adverse consequences, usually firm expansion bolts are added to the retaining structure where the two ends of the steel support are located, and the expansion bolts and the steel support are tightened with steel wires, cables, etc. Once the steel support loosens and is about to fall, the steel wires, cables, etc. can play a temporary anti - falling role, winning precious time for risk avoidance and subsequent emergency rescue work. However, the existing anti - falling structure has no early warning function. In a noisy and busy construction environment, relying too much on the hydraulic system, basically no one pays attention to the stress situation of the anti - falling structure. If a hydraulic system failure or other human factors occur, the anti - falling structure cannot give an early warning in time to remind the construction workers. Once the components such as expansion bolts, steel wires, and cables are stressed too much or for too long, they may fail at any time, which may trigger a major accident. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the early warning function of the anti-falling structure is increased to real-time feedback the stress condition of the steel support and improve the safety level. The present invention provides a steel support anti-falling device, which includes a wall fixing component, a steel support surrounding fastener, an OO type turnbuckle and an early warning component; the wall fixing component is fixed to the retaining structure where the steel waling is located, the steel support surrounding fastener is tightened around the steel support and close to the end of the steel support, and the early warning component and the OO type turnbuckle are sequentially connected between the steel support surrounding fastener and the wall fixing component;

[0006] The early warning component includes a housing, a pull rod, a first oil cylinder, a second oil cylinder and a first transparent cover; one end of the housing is provided with a chute, one end of the pull rod is provided with a slider adapted to the chute, a side hole communicating with the chute is provided on the side wall of the housing, the opening end of the first oil cylinder communicates with the side hole, and the side hole and the chute are sealed and partitioned by a spring baffle with a V-shaped cross-section; the spring baffle is elastically deformable, and the bent part of the spring baffle extends into the chute;

[0007] The second oil cylinder and the first transparent cover are both fixed to the outside of the housing, and the opening end of the second oil cylinder is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the first oil cylinder through a high-pressure pipe; a first piston is arranged inside the first oil cylinder, and a first sealed cavity is formed between the spring baffle and the first piston; a second piston is arranged inside the second oil cylinder, and a second sealed cavity is formed between the first piston and the second piston; the second piston is provided with a piston rod extending out of the second oil cylinder, the end of the piston rod extends into the first transparent cover, and the outer surface of the piston rod is in sealed sliding connection with the side wall of the first transparent cover; a pull spring for pulling the second piston is arranged inside the second oil cylinder, and the stretching direction of the pull spring is the same as the direction in which the piston rod extends;

[0008] A second transparent cover opposite to the end of the piston rod is arranged inside the first transparent cover, and the first transparent cover and the second transparent cover are sealed; fluorescent liquid A and fluorescent liquid B are respectively arranged in the chambers of the first transparent cover and the second transparent cover and the chamber of the second transparent cover, and the piston rod pierces the second transparent cover, so that the fluorescent liquid A and the fluorescent liquid B are mixed to emit fluorescence.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this equipment are reflected in:

[0010] 1. The early warning component acts as a connecting piece, does not affect the strength of the anti-falling structure, and at the same time, the early warning component emits light before falling, which wins precious time for avoiding danger and subsequent emergency rescue work.

[0011] 2. The fluorescent liquid A and the fluorescent liquid B have a long storage time and low price, can be effective for several years, emit eye-catching fluorescence, can be detected by anyone on the scene, have a good early warning effect, are not affected by noise, especially at night or in a dim environment, and can give early warning at any time point during construction.

[0012] 3. The warning component adopts a pure mechanical mechanism without any electronic parts, with high reliability of the warning function and low failure rate.

[0013] 4. The spring baffle has a certain strength. The combined pulling force required for the slider to squeeze the spring baffle and the pulling force of the second piston pulling the tension spring provides a buffer stroke for the entire warning component, absorbs the impact force, and prevents rigid fractures of the wall fixing component, steel support surrounding fastener, OO-type flower basket bolt, and the pull rod of the warning component, making the entire anti-falling device applicable to complex and variable force types.

[0014] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the chute and the cross-sectional shape of the slider are both rectangular, and the slider is provided with an extrusion inclined surface adapted to an inclined surface of the spring baffle. The chute is provided with a through hole adapted to the pull rod, and the inner wall of the through hole is provided with a limiting surface opposite to the extrusion inclined surface of the slider. By contacting the extrusion inclined surface with the limiting surface, the maximum extension amount of the pull rod is restricted. After the extrusion inclined surface contacts the limiting surface, the pull rod and the outer shell directly contact to bear the pulling force.

[0015] Preferably, a third transparent cover opposite to the piston rod is provided inside the second transparent cover, a fourth transparent cover opposite to the piston rod is provided inside the third transparent cover, and a chamber between the second transparent cover and the third transparent cover is provided with fluorescent liquid B, and a chamber between the third transparent cover and the fourth transparent cover is provided with fluorescent liquid B. The first transparent cover surrounds the outside of the outer shell. The second transparent cover, the third transparent cover, and the fourth transparent cover are respectively provided with glass side walls opposite to the piston rod, and the three layers of glass side walls are parallel. The distance between the glass side wall of the second transparent cover and the glass side wall of the third transparent cover is 2N. It is characterized in that: the distance between the glass side wall of the third transparent cover and the glass side wall of the fourth transparent cover is N. The longer the distance the pull rod extends, the more layers of broken glass side walls, indicating a higher danger coefficient. Especially before the pull rod reaches the maximum extension length, the distance between the glass side wall of the fourth transparent cover and the glass side wall of the third transparent cover is set closer, and the piston rod is about to break through the glass side wall of the fourth transparent cover, and the danger coefficient reaches the highest.

[0016] Preferably, an oil seal ring is provided between the piston rod and the side wall of the first transparent cover, and a buffer pad is provided at the end of the piston rod. When the steel support vibrates or shakes within a very small range, etc., the buffer pad is arranged between the glass side wall of the first transparent cover and the piston rod, and the deformation of the buffer pad prevents the piston rod from breaking through the glass side wall of the first transparent cover, avoiding false alarms of the warning component due to accidental vibration.

[0017] Preferably, the ratio of the area of the first piston to the area of the second piston is not less than 4:1.

[0018] Preferably, the other end of the outer shell is provided with a connecting rod connected to an OO type turnbuckle; the outside of the second oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the outside of the outer shell through a fixing bracket.

[0019] The present invention provides a fall prevention warning method for a steel support, which is applied to the above-mentioned steel support anti-falling device, and includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. When the steel support does not fall, the warning component is tightened by the OO type turnbuckle, so that the extrusion inclined surface contacts the inclined surface opposite to the spring baffle, and the buffer pad at the end of the piston rod contacts the glass side wall of the second transparent cover;

[0021] S2. When the steel support falls by a distance of L1, the steel support drives the steel support surrounding fastener to move downward, and the steel support surrounding fastener pulls the pull rod to extend. During the extension process, the extrusion inclined surface presses the bent part of the spring baffle to deform towards the first sealing cavity, and the deformation amount is C1;

[0022] S21. The hydraulic oil in the first sealing cavity pushes the first piston upward, the hydraulic oil in the second sealing cavity pushes the second piston, the second piston drives the piston rod to squeeze the buffer pad and break the glass side wall of the second transparent cover. The fluorescent liquid A in the chambers of the first transparent cover and the second transparent cover is mixed with a small amount of fluorescent liquid B in the chambers of the second transparent cover and the third transparent cover to form a weak light mixed liquid, and the weak light mixed liquid emits fluorescence, that is, the warning component issues a loosening warning;

[0023] S3. When the steel support falls by a distance of L2, L2 is greater than L1, the steel support drives the steel support surrounding fastener to continue to move downward, and the steel support surrounding fastener continues to pull the pull rod to continue to extend. During the extension process, the extrusion inclined surface continues to press the bent part of the spring baffle to deform towards the first sealing cavity, and the deformation amount is C2;

[0024] S31. The hydraulic oil in the first sealing cavity continues to push the first piston to continue to move upward, the hydraulic oil in the second sealing cavity continues to push the second piston, the second piston continues to drive the piston rod to squeeze the buffer pad and break the glass side wall of the third transparent cover. A small amount of fluorescent liquid B in the chambers of the third transparent cover and the fourth transparent cover is mixed with the weak light mixed liquid to form a medium light mixed liquid, and the fluorescence intensity emitted by the medium light mixed liquid is greater than the fluorescence intensity emitted by the weak light mixed liquid, that is, the warning component issues a falling warning;

[0025] S4. When the steel support falls by a distance of L3, L3 is greater than L2, the steel support drives the steel support surrounding fastener to continue to move downward, and the steel support surrounding fastener continues to pull the pull rod to continue to extend. During the extension process, the extrusion inclined surface continues to press the bent part of the spring baffle to deform towards the first sealing cavity, and the deformation amount reaches the maximum deformation amount C3;

[0026] S41. The hydraulic oil in the first sealing cavity continues to push the first piston to move upward continuously. The hydraulic oil in the second sealing cavity continues to push the second piston, and the second piston continues to drive the piston rod to squeeze the buffer pad and break the glass side wall of the fourth transparent cover. Also, the second piston abuts against the side wall of the second oil cylinder and the extrusion slope abuts against the limiting surface. A large amount of fluorescent B liquid in the fourth transparent cover chamber mixes with the medium-light mixed liquid to form a strong-light mixed liquid, and the fluorescence intensity emitted by the strong-light mixed liquid is greater than that emitted by the medium-light mixed liquid, that is, the warning component issues a detachment warning.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this method are as follows: By using the deformation amount of the spring baffle from C1 to C3, three warnings are corresponding, namely the loosening warning, the falling warning and the detachment warning. With three-level warnings, the risk coefficient increases gradually, making the current situation of the steel support visually and prominently presented in front of everyone at the construction site. Without any prompting, people can independently judge the risk level of the current position and make corresponding risk avoidance and emergency response speeds according to the risk level, reducing personnel injuries. At the same time, it also provides a reliable basis for judging the loosening situation of the steel support and reducing economic losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the warning component in this embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 For Figure 2 an enlarged view of A in

[0032] In the drawings, steel support 1, retaining structure 2, steel waling 3, wall fixing component 4, steel support surrounding fastener 5, OO type turnbuckle 6, warning component 7, housing 8, tie rod 9, first oil cylinder 10, second oil cylinder 11, first transparent cover 12, chute 13, slider 14, connecting rod 15, hook 16, ring 17, side hole 18, spring baffle 19, extrusion slope 20, through hole 21, first piston 22, second piston 23, piston rod 24, oil seal ring 25, tension spring 26, second transparent cover 27, third transparent cover 28, fourth transparent cover 29, glass side wall 30, buffer pad 31, fixed bracket 32, first sealing cavity 33, second sealing cavity 34, limiting surface 35, high-pressure pipe 36, fluorescent A liquid 37, fluorescent B liquid 38. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, so they are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0035] As Figure 1 、 2 shown, this embodiment provides a steel support anti-falling device, including a wall fixing component 4, a steel support surrounding fastener 5, an OO-type turnbuckle 6 and a warning component 7; the wall fixing component 4 is fixed to the retaining structure 2 where the steel waling 3 is located, and the steel support surrounding fastener 5 is tied tightly to the steel support 1 and close to the end of the steel support 1. In fact, a steel support surrounding fastener 5 is fixed at each end of the steel support 1 respectively. The steel support surrounding fastener 5 can be made of steel strip, nylon rope, etc., as long as it can wrap around the steel support 1 along the circumferential direction.

[0036] The warning component 7 and the OO-type turnbuckle 6 are sequentially connected between the steel support surrounding fastener 5 and the wall fixing component 4. The warning component 7 includes a housing 8, a pull rod 9, a first oil cylinder 10, a second oil cylinder 11 and a first transparent cover 12; one end of the housing 8 is provided with a chute 13, one end of the pull rod 9 is provided with a slider 14 adapted to the chute 13, and the other end of the housing 8 is provided with a connecting rod 15 connected to the OO-type turnbuckle 6. Specifically, the wall fixing component 4 adopts an expansion bolt with a ring. The upper screw of the OO-type turnbuckle 6 is hung on the ring 17 of the expansion bolt through a hook 16, and the lower screw of the OO-type turnbuckle 6 is connected to the upper end of the warning component 7 and the connecting rod 15 through a nut. The lower pull rod 9 of the warning component 7 is hung on the ring 17 on the steel support surrounding fastener 5 through a hook 16.

[0037] The internal structure of the warning component 7 is as follows:

[0038] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, a side hole 18 communicating with the chute 13 is provided on the side wall of the housing 8 of the warning component 7. The open end of the first oil cylinder 10 communicates with the side hole 18, and the side hole 18 and the chute 13 are sealed and partitioned by a spring baffle 19 with a V-shaped cross-section. The spring baffle 19 is elastically deformable, and the bent portion of the spring baffle 19 extends into the chute 13. Among them, the cross-sectional shapes of the chute 13 and the slider 14 are both rectangular, and the slider 14 is provided with a pressing inclined surface 20 adapted to one inclined surface of the spring baffle 19. The chute 13 is provided with a through hole 21 adapted to the pull rod 9, and a limiting surface 35 opposite to the pressing inclined surface 20 of the slider 14 is provided on the inner wall of the through hole 21. By contacting the pressing inclined surface 20 with the limiting surface 35, the maximum extension amount of the pull rod 9 is restricted. After the pressing inclined surface 20 contacts the limiting surface 35, the pull rod 9 and the housing 8 directly contact to bear the tension.

[0039] The second oil cylinder 11 and the first transparent cover 12 are both fixed to the outside of the housing 8. Specifically, the outside of the second oil cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the outside of the housing 8 through a fixing bracket 32, and the shape of the first transparent cover 12 is annular. It surrounds and is fixed to the outside of the housing 8. When fluorescence is emitted inside it, the light can be scattered towards the surroundings of the housing 8, with a wide coverage range.

[0040] The open end of the second oil cylinder 11 is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the first oil cylinder 10 through a high-pressure pipe 36. A first piston 22 is provided inside the first oil cylinder 10, and a first sealing cavity 33 is formed between the spring baffle 19 and the first piston 22. A second piston 23 is provided inside the second oil cylinder 11, and a second sealing cavity 34 is formed between the first piston 22 and the second piston 23. The second piston 23 is provided with a piston rod 24 extending out of the second oil cylinder 11. The end of the piston rod 24 extends into the first transparent cover 12, and the outer surface of the piston rod 24 is in sealed sliding connection with the side wall of the first transparent cover 12. Specifically, an oil sealing ring 25 is provided between the piston rod 24 and the side wall of the first transparent cover 12. A pull spring 26 for pulling the second piston 23 is provided inside the second oil cylinder 11, and the stretching direction of the pull spring 26 is the same as the direction in which the piston rod 24 extends. Multiple pull springs 26 can be provided, depending on the force design requirements. Among them, the ratio of the area of the first piston 22 to the area of the second piston 23 is not less than 4:1. The first oil cylinder 10 and the second oil cylinder 11 are communicated to form a damper, making the torque required to push the first piston 22 larger. And the spring baffle 19 has a certain strength. The combined tension of the tension required for the slider 14 to press the spring baffle 19 and the tension of the pull spring 26 pulled by the second piston 23 provides a buffer stroke for the entire warning component 7, absorbs the impact force, and avoids rigid fractures of the wall fixing component 4, the steel support surrounding fastener 5, the OO-type flower basket bolt 6, and the pull rod 9 of the warning component 7, making the entire anti-falling device applicable to complex and variable force types.

[0041] Inside the first transparent cover 12, there is a second transparent cover 27 opposite to the end of the piston rod 24, and the space between the first transparent cover 12 and the second transparent cover 27 is sealed. Fluorescent liquid A 37 and fluorescent liquid B 38 are respectively arranged in the chambers of the first transparent cover 12 and the second transparent cover 27 and in the chamber of the second transparent cover 27. By using the piston rod 24 to break through the second transparent cover 27, the fluorescent liquid A 37 and the fluorescent liquid B 38 are mixed to emit fluorescence. The fluorescent liquid A 37 and the fluorescent liquid B 38 adopt peroxides, ester compounds and fluorescent dyes. When the second transparent cover 27 is broken, the peroxides and the ester compounds are mixed and react, and the energy after the reaction is transmitted to the fluorescent dye, and then the dye emits fluorescence.

[0042] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown, in order to more accurately reflect the current situation of the steel support 1, inside the second transparent cover 27, there is a third transparent cover 28 opposite to the piston rod 24. Inside the third transparent cover 28, there is a fourth transparent cover 29 opposite to the piston rod 24. The chamber between the second transparent cover 27 and the third transparent cover 28 is provided with the fluorescent liquid B 38, and the chamber between the third transparent cover 28 and the fourth transparent cover 29 is provided with the fluorescent liquid B 38. The first transparent cover 12 surrounds the outside of the housing 8. The second transparent cover 27, the third transparent cover 28 and the fourth transparent cover 29 are respectively provided with glass side walls 30 opposite to the piston rod 24, and the three layers of glass side walls 30 are parallel. The distance between the glass side wall 30 of the second transparent cover 27 and the glass side wall 30 of the third transparent cover 28 is 2N. It is characterized in that: the distance between the glass side wall 30 of the third transparent cover 28 and the glass side wall 30 of the fourth transparent cover 29 is N. The longer the distance that the pull rod 9 extends out, the more layers of the broken glass side walls 30, which means the higher the danger coefficient. Especially before the pull rod 9 reaches the maximum extended length, the distance between the glass side wall 30 of the fourth transparent cover 29 and the glass side wall 30 of the third transparent cover 28 is set closer, and the piston rod 24 is about to break through the glass side wall 30 of the fourth transparent cover 29, and the danger coefficient reaches the highest.

[0043] In addition, a buffer pad 31 is provided at the end of the piston rod 24. When the steel support 1 vibrates or shakes within a very small range, etc., the buffer pad 31 is arranged between the glass side wall 30 of the first transparent cover 12 and the piston rod 24. By the deformation of the buffer pad 31, it is avoided that the piston rod 24 breaks through the glass side wall 30 of the first transparent cover 12, and false alarms of the warning component 7 emitting light due to accidental vibration are avoided.

[0044] This embodiment also provides a fall prevention warning method for the steel support 1, which is applied to the above-mentioned steel support 1 fall prevention device, and includes the following steps:

[0045] S1, Installation process: Tighten the warning component 7 through the O-shaped turnbuckle 6, so that the extrusion inclined surface 20 contacts the inclined surface opposite to the spring baffle 19, and the buffer pad 31 at the end of the piston rod 24 contacts the glass side wall 30 of the second transparent cover 27. The buffer pad 31 can prevent the steel support 1 from vibrating and damaging the glass side wall 30 of the second transparent cover 27.

[0046] S2. Loosening warning of the steel support 1: The falling distance of the steel support 1 is L1. The steel support 1 drives the steel support surrounding fastener 5 to move downward, and the steel support surrounding fastener 5 pulls the pull rod 9 to extend. During the extension process, the extrusion inclined surface 20 presses the bent part of the spring baffle 19 to deform towards the first sealing cavity 33, and the deformation amount is C1. S21. The hydraulic oil in the first sealing cavity 33 pushes the first piston 22 to move upward, the hydraulic oil in the second sealing cavity 34 pushes the second piston 23, and the second piston 23 drives the piston rod 24 to squeeze the buffer pad 31 and break the glass side wall 30 of the second transparent cover 27. The fluorescent liquid A 37 in the chambers of the first transparent cover 12 and the second transparent cover 27 is mixed with the small amount of fluorescent liquid B 38 in the chambers of the second transparent cover 27 and the third transparent cover 28 to form a weak light mixture, and the weak light mixture emits fluorescence, that is, the warning component 7 issues a loosening warning;

[0047] S3. Falling warning of the steel support 1: The falling distance of the steel support 1 is L2, and L2 is greater than L1. The steel support 1 drives the steel support surrounding fastener 5 to continue to move downward, and the steel support surrounding fastener 5 continues to pull the pull rod 9 to continue to extend. During the extension process, the extrusion inclined surface 20 continues to press the bent part of the spring baffle 19 to deform towards the first sealing cavity 33, and the deformation amount is C2. S31. The hydraulic oil in the first sealing cavity 33 continues to push the first piston 22 to continue to move upward, the hydraulic oil in the second sealing cavity 34 continues to push the second piston 23, and the second piston 23 continues to drive the piston rod 24 to squeeze the buffer pad 31 and break the glass side wall 30 of the third transparent cover 28. The small amount of fluorescent liquid B 38 in the chambers of the third transparent cover 28 and the fourth transparent cover 29 is mixed with the weak light mixture to form a medium light mixture, and the fluorescence intensity emitted by the medium light mixture is greater than the fluorescence intensity emitted by the weak light mixture, that is, the warning component 7 issues a falling warning;

[0048] S4. Steel support 1 fall-off warning: The steel support 1 falls a distance L3, which is greater than L2. The steel support 1 drives the steel support surrounding fastener 5 to continue to move downward, and the steel support surrounding fastener 5 continues to pull the pull rod 9 to extend. During the extension process, the extrusion slope 20 continues to compress the curved portion of the spring baffle 19 toward the first sealed chamber 33, deforming the spring baffle 19 to a maximum deformation of C3. S41. The hydraulic oil in the first sealed chamber 33 continues to push the first piston 22 upward, and the hydraulic oil in the second sealed chamber 34 continues to push the second piston 23. The second piston 23 continues to drive the piston rod 24 to squeeze the buffer pad 31 and break the glass side wall 30 of the fourth transparent cover 29. The second piston 23 abuts the side wall of the second oil cylinder 11, and the extrusion slope 20 abuts the limit surface 35. The large amount of fluorescent liquid B 38 in the chamber of the fourth transparent cover 29 mixes with the medium-light mixed liquid to form a high-light mixed liquid. The fluorescence intensity of the high-light mixed liquid is greater than that of the medium-light mixed liquid, indicating that the warning component 7 issues a fall-off warning.

[0049] This method offers the following benefits: The deformation of the spring baffle 19, from C1 to C3, corresponds to three warning levels: loosening warning, falling warning, and falling warning. This three-level warning system, with increasing risk factors, provides a visual and prominent display of the current condition of the steel support 1 to all personnel at the construction site. Without prompting, personnel can independently assess the danger level of their current location and respond accordingly, minimizing casualties. This method also provides a reliable basis for determining the looseness of the steel support 1, reducing economic losses.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel support anti-falling device; characterized in that: It includes a wall fixing component, a steel support surrounding fastener, an OO-shaped turnbuckle, and a warning component; the wall fixing component is fixed to the retaining structure where the steel waling is located, the steel support surrounding fastener is tied tightly to the steel support and close to the end of the steel support, and the warning component and the OO-shaped turnbuckle are sequentially connected between the steel support surrounding fastener and the wall fixing component; The warning component includes a housing, a pull rod, a first oil cylinder, a second oil cylinder, and a first transparent cover; one end of the housing is provided with a chute, one end of the pull rod is provided with a slider adapted to the chute, the side wall of the housing is provided with a side hole communicating with the chute, the open end of the first oil cylinder communicates with the side hole, and the side hole and the chute are sealed and partitioned by a spring baffle with a V-shaped cross-section; the spring baffle is elastically deformable, and the bent part of the spring baffle extends into the chute; The second oil cylinder and the first transparent cover are both fixed to the outside of the housing, and the open end of the second oil cylinder is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the first oil cylinder through a high-pressure pipe; a first piston is arranged inside the first oil cylinder, and a first sealed cavity is formed between the spring baffle and the first piston; a second piston is arranged inside the second oil cylinder, and a second sealed cavity is formed between the first piston and the second piston; the second piston is provided with a piston rod extending out of the second oil cylinder, the end of the piston rod extends into the first transparent cover, and the outer surface of the piston rod is in sealed sliding connection with the side wall of the first transparent cover; a pull spring for pulling the second piston is arranged inside the second oil cylinder, and the stretching direction of the pull spring is the same as the direction in which the piston rod extends; A second transparent cover opposite to the end of the piston rod is arranged inside the first transparent cover, and the first transparent cover and the second transparent cover are sealed; a fluorescent A liquid and a fluorescent B liquid are respectively arranged in the chambers of the first transparent cover and the second transparent cover and the chamber of the second transparent cover, and the piston rod pierces through the second transparent cover, so that the fluorescent A liquid and the fluorescent B liquid are mixed to emit fluorescence.

2. The steel support anti-falling device according to claim 1, wherein: The cross-sectional shapes of the chute and the slider are both rectangular, and the slider is provided with a pressing slope adapted to one slope of the spring baffle.

3. A steel support anti-falling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chute is provided with a through hole adapted to the pull rod, and the inner wall of the through hole is provided with a limiting surface opposite to the pressing slope of the slider. By contacting the pressing slope with the limiting surface, the maximum extension amount of the pull rod is limited.

4. The steel support anti-falling device according to claim 3, wherein: A third transparent cover opposite to the piston rod is arranged inside the second transparent cover, a fourth transparent cover opposite to the piston rod is arranged inside the third transparent cover, a fluorescent B liquid is arranged in the chamber between the second transparent cover and the third transparent cover, and a fluorescent B liquid is arranged in the chamber between the third transparent cover and the fourth transparent cover.

5. The steel support anti-falling device according to claim 4, wherein: The first transparent cover surrounds the outside of the housing, the second transparent cover, the third transparent cover, and the fourth transparent cover are respectively provided with glass side walls opposite to the piston rod, and the three glass side walls are parallel.

6. The steel support anti-falling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the glass side wall of the second transparent cover and the glass side wall of the third transparent cover is 2N. It is characterized in that: the distance between the glass side wall of the third transparent cover and the glass side wall of the fourth transparent cover is N.

7. The steel support anti-falling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An oil seal ring is arranged between the piston rod and the side wall of the first transparent cover, and a buffer pad is arranged at the end of the piston rod.

8. The steel support anti-falling device according to claim 1, wherein: The ratio of the area of the first piston to the area of the second piston is not less than 4:

1.

9. The steel support anti-falling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the housing is provided with a connecting rod connected to an OO type turnbuckle; the outside of the second oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the outside of the housing through a fixed bracket.

10. A method for anti-falling early warning of steel supports, characterized in that: Applied to the steel support anti-falling device according to claim 7, it includes the following steps: S1. The steel support does not fall. Tighten the warning component through the OO type turnbuckle so that the extrusion inclined surface contacts the inclined surface opposite to the spring baffle, and the buffer pad at the end of the piston rod contacts the glass side wall of the second transparent cover. S2. The steel support falls by a distance of L1. The steel support drives the steel support surrounding fastener to move downward, and the steel support surrounding fastener pulls the pull rod to extend. During the extension process, the extrusion inclined surface presses the bent part of the spring baffle to deform towards the first sealing cavity, and the deformation amount is C1. S21. The hydraulic oil in the first sealing cavity pushes the first piston upward, the hydraulic oil in the second sealing cavity pushes the second piston, the second piston drives the piston rod to squeeze the buffer pad and break the glass side wall of the second transparent cover. The fluorescent A liquid in the chambers of the first transparent cover and the second transparent cover, and a small amount of fluorescent B liquid in the chambers of the second transparent cover and the third transparent cover are mixed to form a weak light mixture, and the weak light mixture emits fluorescence, that is, the warning component issues a loosening warning. S3. The steel support falls by a distance of L2, where L2 is greater than L1. The steel support drives the steel support surrounding fastener to continue moving downward, and the steel support surrounding fastener continues to pull the pull rod to continue extending. During the extension process, the extrusion inclined surface continues to press the bent part of the spring baffle to deform towards the first sealing cavity, and the deformation amount is C2. S31. The hydraulic oil in the first sealing cavity continues to push the first piston to continue moving upward, the hydraulic oil in the second sealing cavity continues to push the second piston, the second piston continues to drive the piston rod to squeeze the buffer pad and break the glass side wall of the third transparent cover. A small amount of fluorescent B liquid in the chambers of the third transparent cover and the fourth transparent cover is mixed with the weak light mixture to form a medium light mixture, and the fluorescence intensity emitted by the medium light mixture is greater than the fluorescence intensity emitted by the weak light mixture, that is, the warning component issues a falling warning. S4. The steel support falls by a distance of L3, where L3 is greater than L2. The steel support drives the steel support surrounding fastener to continue moving downward, and the steel support surrounding fastener continues to pull the pull rod to continue extending. During the extension process, the extrusion inclined surface continues to press the bent part of the spring baffle to deform towards the first sealing cavity, and the deformation amount reaches the maximum deformation amount C3. S41. The hydraulic oil in the first sealing cavity continues to push the first piston to continue moving upward, the hydraulic oil in the second sealing cavity continues to push the second piston, the second piston continues to drive the piston rod to squeeze the buffer pad and break the glass side wall of the fourth transparent cover, and the second piston abuts against the side wall of the second oil cylinder and the extrusion inclined surface abuts against the limiting surface. A large amount of fluorescent B liquid in the chamber of the fourth transparent cover is mixed with the medium light mixture to form a strong light mixture, and the fluorescence intensity emitted by the strong light mixture is greater than the fluorescence intensity emitted by the medium light mixture, that is, the warning component issues a detachment warning.

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