High-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot blast stove and energy-saving method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot blast stove, including furnace shell, the inside one side of the furnace shell is longitudinally provided with hearth, the inner bottom of the hearth is horizontally provided with grate, the lower portion of the grate is communicatedly provided with ash channel, the bottom of the hearth is close to the side of the furnace shell and is provided with feeding assembly, the top of the hearth is laterally communicatedly provided with flue gas passage away from the feeding assembly, the bottom surface of the flue gas passage is longitudinally communicatedly provided with heat exchange component, and the top surface of the flue gas passage is provided with air extraction component;The top surface of the grate is axially provided with primary oxygen supply mechanism;The upper middle portion of the hearth is axially suspended with secondary oxygen supply mechanism.The primary oxygen supply mechanism arranged in the inner bottom of the hearth can continuously supply oxygen to assist combustion in the initial stage of biomass fuel combustion;The secondary oxygen supply mechanism arranged in the upper middle portion of the hearth can supply oxygen again to assist combustion, so that the lighter fuel sucked up is fully combusted, and environmental pollution is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biomass hot air furnace technology, and specifically relates to a high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace and its energy-saving method. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass energy-saving hot air furnace is an environmentally friendly device that uses counter-current combustion to allow hot flue gas to pass over the surface of wet fuel, promoting fuel drying and water vapor transport, thereby promoting fuel combustion, reducing black smoke production, and drying objects.

[0003] In existing technologies, during the combustion of biomass fuel, some lighter fuels are not completely burned and are sucked out by the induced draft fan. This results in the incomplete utilization of the thermal efficiency of biomass fuel. Moreover, the fuel sucked out contains harmful fumes such as sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide due to incomplete combustion, causing pollution to the surrounding environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace and its energy-saving method. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] This invention provides a high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace, comprising a furnace shell, a furnace chamber longitudinally arranged on one side of the furnace shell, a grate horizontally arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber, an ash discharge channel connected below the grate, a feeding assembly arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber near the furnace shell, a flue gas channel laterally connected at the top of the furnace chamber away from the feeding assembly, a heat exchange assembly longitudinally connected at the bottom surface of the flue gas channel, and an exhaust assembly arranged at the top surface of the flue gas channel; a primary oxygen supply mechanism axially arranged on the top surface of the grate, and the primary oxygen supply mechanism is located below the discharge end of the feeding assembly; a secondary oxygen supply mechanism axially suspended in the upper middle part of the furnace chamber.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange assembly includes at least three heat exchange boxes arranged horizontally side by side directly below the flue gas channel. The heat exchange boxes are connected to the flue gas channel through a plurality of longitudinally arrayed heat exchange tubes. At least three partition plates are longitudinally spaced within the flue gas channel, and the partition plates are staggered with the heat exchange boxes. The exhaust assembly is connected to the top surface of the outer end of the flue gas channel.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust assembly includes an induced draft fan disposed on the top surface of the flue gas passage, the inlet of the induced draft fan is connected to a smoke inlet pipe, the smoke inlet pipe is longitudinally connected to the area between the outer end face of the flue gas passage and the adjacent partition plate; the outlet of the induced draft fan is laterally connected to a smoke outlet pipe.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a movable ash-cleaning assembly is axially arranged inside the heat exchange tube; the ash-cleaning assembly includes a lifting rod, and a spiral blade is axially wound and welded on the lower middle part of the lifting rod, the spiral blade being axially inserted and engaged with the corresponding heat exchange tube; the upper part of the lifting rod passes vertically through the flue gas channel and the top surface of the furnace shell in sequence, and a limit handle is axially connected to the top of the lifting rod.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the primary oxygen supply mechanism includes an oxygen supply tray disposed on the top surface of the grate. The oxygen supply tray has an inverted conical structure, is hollow inside, and has openings on its upper and lower surfaces. The outer diameter of the top opening of the oxygen supply tray is the same as the inner diameter of the furnace chamber, and the top opening of the oxygen supply tray is located below the unloading end of the feeding assembly. The outer circumferential surface of the oxygen supply tray is provided with first through holes distributed in an array. An air inlet pipe communicating with the outside of the furnace shell is disposed on the side of the grate.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the secondary oxygen supply mechanism includes an oxygen supply ring axially disposed in the upper middle part of the furnace, and the outer diameter of the oxygen supply ring is the same as the inner diameter of the furnace. The oxygen supply ring is hollow inside, and a plurality of second through holes are axially and equally spaced on its inner ring surface and bottom surface. An oxygen supply pipe is connected to its top surface, and the oxygen supply pipe is connected to a blower disposed outside the furnace shell.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer ring surface of the oxygen supply ring is axially slidably attached to the inner wall of the furnace; the oxygen supply pipe is composed of a rigid pipe and a flexible pipe, the bottom end of the rigid pipe is connected to the top surface of the oxygen supply ring facing the feeding assembly, the upper part of the rigid pipe passes vertically through the top surface of the furnace and the top surface of the furnace shell in sequence, the top end of the rigid pipe is connected to one end of the flexible pipe, and the other end of the flexible pipe is connected to the blower; the rigid pipe is positioned and moved vertically by a lifting assembly set on the top surface of the furnace shell;

[0012] The lifting assembly includes guide plates vertically opposite each other on the top surface of the furnace shell, and the cross-section of the guide plates is U-shaped; a lifting toothed plate is longitudinally slidably fitted between the two guide plates, the bottom back of the lifting toothed plate is connected to the upper part of the rigid tube through a suspension frame, and a transmission gear is radially meshed on its front side, the transmission gear is driven by a servo motor axially connected to it, and the servo motor is supported by a bracket set on the top surface of the furnace shell.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suspension frame includes a support block that is vertically connected to the bottom back of the lifting tooth plate, a fixing block that is integrally connected to the outer end face of the support block, an installation hole that is opened through the middle of the fixing block, the upper part of the rigid tube passing through the installation hole axially, and being abutted and connected by a fastening bolt provided on one side of the fixing block.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding assembly includes a hopper attached to the end face of the furnace shell, and a screw conveyor is laterally connected to the bottom opening of the hopper. The unloading end of the screw conveyor passes through the furnace shell and the furnace chamber in sequence, and the top opening of the oxygen supply tray is located below the unloading end of the screw conveyor.

[0015] This invention also provides an energy-saving method for a high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace, the energy-saving method comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step S1: Adjust the relative distance between the oxygen supply ring and the oxygen supply tray using the lifting assembly, according to the type of biomass fuel.

[0017] Step S2: Biomass fuel is uniformly fed into the oxygen supply tray through the feeding assembly for combustion, while ensuring that the blower and the induced draft fan operate continuously.

[0018] Step S3: After combustion, the residual ash that has fallen from the grate into the ash discharge channel is manually removed; the manual person holds the limiting handle of the ash removal component corresponding to the heat exchange tube and pulls it up and down to remove the soot adhering to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube and the spiral blades.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] The exhaust system in this invention generates airflow that draws the high-heat flue gas produced by the combustion of biomass fuel in the furnace through the flue gas channel and heat exchange components, and uses the heat exchange components to exchange heat with the outside for energy. The primary oxygen supply mechanism at the bottom of the furnace can continuously supply oxygen to aid combustion in the initial stage of biomass fuel combustion, so that it can burn as completely as possible and prevent excessive residual ash from clogging the grate. The secondary oxygen supply mechanism at the upper part of the furnace can supply oxygen again to aid combustion, so that the lighter fuel that is drawn up can burn completely and its thermal efficiency can be fully utilized. At the same time, the amount of harmful flue gas such as sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide discharged into the external environment is greatly reduced, effectively reducing environmental pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1Enlarged view of the structure at part A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the secondary oxygen supply mechanism in this invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the structural arrangement of the oxygen supply ring and rigid tube in this invention.

[0025] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly of the lifting tooth plate and the guide plate in this invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a top view of the structure of the suspension frame, lifting tooth plate and guide plate assembly in this invention;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the assembly of the cleaning component with the heat exchange tube in this invention is shown.

[0028] The diagram shows: 1. Furnace shell; 11. Roller; 2. Furnace chamber; 21. Grate; 22. Ash discharge channel; 3. Flue gas channel; 31. Partition plate; 4. Heat exchange assembly; 41. Heat exchange box; 42. Heat exchange tube; 5. Ash removal assembly; 51. Lifting rod; 52. Spiral blade; 53. Limit handle; 6. Exhaust assembly; 61. Exhaust fan; 62. Flue gas inlet pipe; 63. Flue gas outlet pipe; 7. Feeding assembly; 71. Hopper; 72. Screw conveyor; 8. Primary oxygen supply mechanism; 81. Oxygen supply tray. ; 811, First through hole; 82, Air inlet pipe; 9, Secondary oxygen supply mechanism; 91, Oxygen supply ring; 911, Second through hole; 92, Oxygen supply pipe; 921, Rigid pipe; 922, Flexible pipe; 93, Blower; 94, Lifting assembly; 941, Guide plate; 942, Lifting tooth plate; 943, Suspension frame; 9431, Support block; 9432, Fixing block; 94321, Mounting hole; 9433, Fastening bolt; 944, Transmission gear; 945, Servo motor; 946, Bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] To address the technical problems in the background section, the following high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot blast stove and its energy-saving method are presented:

[0032] Combination Figure 1As shown, a high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace includes a furnace shell 1. A furnace chamber 2 is longitudinally arranged on one side of the furnace shell 1. A grate 21 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber 2. An ash discharge channel 22 is connected to the bottom of the grate 21. A feeding assembly 7 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber 2 near the furnace shell 1. A flue gas channel 3 is transversely connected at the top of the furnace chamber 2 away from the feeding assembly 7. A heat exchange assembly 4 is longitudinally connected to the bottom surface of the flue gas channel 3. An exhaust assembly 6 is arranged on the top surface of the flue gas channel 3. A primary oxygen supply mechanism 8 is axially arranged on the top surface of the grate 21, and the primary oxygen supply mechanism 8 is located below the unloading end of the feeding assembly 7. A secondary oxygen supply mechanism 9 is axially suspended in the upper middle part of the furnace chamber 2.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the exhaust component 6 in the biomass energy-saving hot blast stove generates airflow to draw out the high-heat flue gas produced by the combustion of biomass fuel in the furnace 2 through the flue gas channel 3 and heat exchange component 4, and uses the heat exchange component to exchange heat with the outside for energy supply. The primary oxygen supply mechanism 8 set at the bottom of the furnace can continuously supply oxygen to assist combustion in the initial stage of biomass fuel combustion, so that it can burn as completely as possible and prevent excessive residual ash falling on the grate 21 and causing blockage. The secondary oxygen supply mechanism 9 set in the upper part of the furnace 2 can supply oxygen again to assist combustion, so that the lighter fuel that is sucked up can burn completely, so that its thermal efficiency is fully utilized, while the harmful flue gas such as sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide discharged into the external environment is greatly reduced, effectively reducing environmental pollution. Among them, rollers 11 are symmetrically set at the four corners of the bottom surface of the furnace shell 1 to facilitate the transfer of the entire hot blast stove.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides the following:

[0036] In this embodiment, the heat exchange assembly 4 includes at least three heat exchange boxes 41 arranged horizontally side by side directly below the flue gas channel 3. The heat exchange boxes 41 are connected to the flue gas channel 3 through a plurality of longitudinally arrayed heat exchange tubes 42. At least three partition plates 31 are longitudinally spaced inside the flue gas channel 3. The partition plates 31 are arranged in a staggered manner corresponding to the heat exchange boxes 41. The exhaust assembly 6 is connected to the top surface of the outer end of the flue gas channel 3.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the partition plate 31 and the heat exchange box 41 are arranged in a staggered manner. In this way, the high-temperature flue gas drawn from the flue gas channel 3 flows into the corresponding heat exchange box 41 through the heat exchange tube 42 in the area adjacent to the partition plate 31, and then flows into the heat exchange tube 42 in the area of ​​another partition plate 31 and into the next heat exchange box 41. This S-shaped flow direction is repeated, which can prolong the time for the high-temperature flue gas after combustion to exchange heat with the outside and provide energy. It can also make the high-temperature flue gas settle in the heat exchange box 41 and the heat exchange tube 42 to further capture smoke dust and reduce the dust content in the flue gas.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the exhaust assembly 6 includes an exhaust fan 61 disposed on the top surface of the flue gas passage 3. The inlet of the exhaust fan 61 is connected to a smoke inlet pipe 62, and the smoke inlet pipe 62 is longitudinally connected to the area between the outer end face of the flue gas passage 3 and the adjacent partition plate 31. The outlet of the exhaust fan 61 is laterally connected to a smoke outlet pipe 63.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, the induced draft fan 61 draws air from the area between the outer end face of the flue gas passage 3 and the adjacent partition plate 31 through the smoke inlet pipe 62, avoiding the entire flue gas passage 3 being drawn out; the smoke outlet pipe 63 connected laterally to the outlet of the induced draft fan 61 can discharge the flue gas that meets the emission standards, or introduce it into the further dust removal equipment for treatment.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] like Figure 1 and 7 As shown, based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides the following:

[0042] In this embodiment, a movable cleaning component 5 is axially arranged inside the heat exchange tube 42; the cleaning component 5 includes a lifting rod 51, and a spiral blade 52 is axially wound and welded to the lower middle part of the lifting rod 51. The spiral blade 52 is axially inserted and engaged with the corresponding heat exchange tube 42; the upper part of the lifting rod 51 passes vertically through the flue gas channel 3 and the top surface of the furnace shell 1 in sequence, and the top of the lifting rod 51 is axially connected to a limit handle 53.

[0043] By adopting the above technical solution, the cleaning component 5 is equipped with a spiral cleaning structure. Its spiral blades 52 allow the high-temperature flue gas flowing in from the flue gas channel 3 to move axially in a spiral manner, which better promotes the efficiency of external heat exchange and energy supply. Manually pulling the limiting handle 53 at the top of the cleaning component 5 and vibrating it up and down can remove the soot attached to the spiral blades 52 and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 42 to unclog the heat exchange tube 42. The soot that falls off falls into the heat exchange box 41 below. Later, the door of the heat exchange box 41 can be opened to clean out the soot accumulated inside. In the natural state, the limiting handle 53 of the cleaning component 5 is in contact with the top surface of the furnace shell 1 to block the small amount of flue gas that overflows from the gap between the lifting rod 51 and the flue gas channel 3.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides the following:

[0046] In this embodiment, the primary oxygen supply mechanism 8 includes an oxygen supply tray 81 disposed on the top surface of the grate 21. The oxygen supply tray 81 has an inverted conical structure, is hollow inside, and has openings on its upper and lower surfaces. The outer diameter of the top opening of the oxygen supply tray 81 is the same as the inner diameter of the furnace chamber 2, and the top opening of the oxygen supply tray 81 is located below the unloading end of the feeding assembly 7. The outer circumferential surface of the oxygen supply tray 81 is provided with first through holes 811 distributed in an array. The side of the grate 21 is provided with an air inlet pipe 82 communicating with the outside of the furnace shell 1.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, the oxygen supply tray 81 and its multiple first through holes 811 in the primary oxygen supply mechanism 8, together with the air inlet pipe 82, can naturally introduce air from outside the furnace shell 1 to aid combustion; the oxygen supply tray 81 is designed with an inverted cone structure, which is conducive to better combustion of biomass fuel in it.

[0048] like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the secondary oxygen supply mechanism 9 includes an oxygen supply ring 91 axially arranged in the upper middle part of the furnace 2, and the outer diameter of the oxygen supply ring 91 is the same as the inner diameter of the furnace 2. The oxygen supply ring 91 is hollow inside, and multiple second through holes 911 are axially and equally spaced on its inner ring surface and bottom surface. An oxygen supply pipe 92 is connected to its top surface, and the oxygen supply pipe 92 is connected to a blower 93 located outside the furnace shell 1.

[0049] By adopting the above technical solution, the oxygen supply ring 91 and its multiple second through holes 911 in the secondary oxygen supply mechanism 9, together with the oxygen supply pipe 92 and the blower 93, the air sprayed from the inner side and bottom surface of the oxygen supply ring 91 can effectively provide secondary oxygen to assist the combustion of the unburned light fuel sucked up by the wind, so as to make it burn completely.

[0050] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figure 5, the outer ring surface of the oxygen supply ring 91 is axially slidably attached to the inner wall of the furnace 2; the oxygen supply pipe 92 is composed of a rigid pipe 921 and a flexible pipe 922. The bottom end of the rigid pipe 921 is connected to the top surface of the oxygen supply ring 91 facing the feeding assembly 7. The upper part of the rigid pipe 921 passes vertically through the top surface of the furnace 2 and the top surface of the furnace shell 1 in sequence. The top end of the rigid pipe 921 is connected to one end of the flexible pipe 922, and the other end of the flexible pipe 922 is connected to the blower 93; the rigid pipe 921 is positioned and moved vertically by a lifting assembly 94 set on the top surface of the furnace shell 1.

[0051] The lifting assembly 94 includes guide plates 941 vertically opposite each other on the top surface of the furnace shell 1, and the cross-section of the guide plates 941 is U-shaped. A lifting toothed plate 942 is longitudinally slidably fitted between the two guide plates 941. The bottom back of the lifting toothed plate 942 is connected to the upper part of the rigid tube 921 through a suspension bracket 943, and a transmission gear 944 is radially meshed on its front side. The transmission gear 944 is driven by a servo motor 945 axially connected to it. The servo motor 945 is supported by a bracket 946 set on the top surface of the furnace shell 1.

[0052] By adopting the above technical solution, it has been found in practice that there are requirements for the height of secondary oxygen supply for different biomass fuels. If the height is too low, the light fuel at the bottom of the furnace 2 will still be sucked up by the wind, resulting in the secondary oxygenation of the oxygen supply ring 91 not playing its role. If the height is too high, the light fuel sucked up by the wind will have already extinguished by the time it reaches the oxygen supply ring 91, and secondary oxygenation will not be able to make it burn again. In practice, the concentration of black smoke discharged from the exhaust pipe 63 of the exhaust assembly 6 can be monitored and analyzed. The servo motor 945 in the lifting assembly 94 drives the transmission gear 944 to rotate. The transmission gear 944 drives the lifting tooth plate 942 to move longitudinally, thereby driving the rigid pipe 921 to move up and down, so that the oxygen supply ring 91 can move as far as possible to the end of the flame in the furnace 2 for secondary oxygenation, in order to adapt to the full combustion of different biomass fuels. Among them, the guide plate 941 with a U-shaped cross-section can effectively guide and limit the lifting tooth plate 942. The rigid pipe 921 is made of refractory material.

[0053] like Figure 3 and 6 As shown, the suspension frame 943 includes a support block 9431 that is vertically connected to the bottom of the back of the lifting tooth plate 942. A fixing block 9432 is integrally connected to the outer end face of the support block 9431. A mounting hole 94321 is provided through the middle of the fixing block 9432. The upper part of the rigid tube 921 passes through the mounting hole 94321 axially and is abutted and connected by a fastening bolt 9433 provided on one side of the fixing block 9432.

[0054] By adopting the above technical solution, the rigid tube 921 in the mounting hole 94321 of the fixing block 9432 can be tightly connected to the suspension frame 9433 by fastening bolt 9433. This allows the rigid tube 921 to be detachably connected to the lifting assembly 94, which facilitates the replacement of damaged rigid tube 921 in the future.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the feeding assembly 7 includes a hopper 71 attached to the end face of the furnace shell 1. A screw conveyor 72 is laterally connected to the bottom opening of the hopper 71. The unloading end of the screw conveyor 72 passes through the furnace shell 1 and the furnace chamber 2 in sequence. The top opening of the oxygen supply tray 81 is located below the unloading end of the screw conveyor 72.

[0056] By adopting the above technical solution, biomass fuel is manually fed into the hopper 71, and the screw conveyor 72 evenly transports the fuel to the oxygen supply tray 81, so that the fuel in the furnace 2 can burn continuously and stably.

[0057] The energy-saving method of the high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace used in the above embodiments one to four includes the following steps:

[0058] Step S1: Adjust the relative distance between the oxygen supply ring 91 and the oxygen supply tray 81 by means of the lifting component 94, according to the type of biomass fuel.

[0059] Step S2: Biomass fuel is uniformly fed into the oxygen supply tray 81 through the feeding assembly 7 for combustion, while ensuring that the blower 93 and the induced draft fan 61 continue to operate.

[0060] Step S3: After combustion, the residual ash that has fallen from the grate 21 into the ash discharge channel 22 is manually removed. The manual person holds the limiting handle 53 of the ash removal component 5 corresponding to the heat exchange tube 42 and pulls it up and down to remove the soot adhering to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 42 and the spiral blades 52.

[0061] By adopting the above technical solution, the relative position of the oxygen supply ring 91 can be reasonably adjusted according to the type of biomass fuel to achieve the best secondary oxygen supply and combustion assistance effect. The oxygen supply tray 81 and oxygen supply ring 91 can supply oxygen to the fuel in the furnace 2 twice, so that the fuel in the furnace 2 can be fully and efficiently burned. The spiral structure of the ash removal component 5 has spiral blades 52 that allow the high-heat flue gas flowing in from the flue gas channel 3 to move axially in a spiral manner, which better promotes the efficiency of external heat exchange and energy supply. The soot adhering to the spiral blades 52 and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 42 can be removed by manually pulling the limit handle 53 at the top of the ash removal component 5 and vibrating it up and down, so as to unclog the heat exchange tube 42 and improve the efficiency of heat exchange with the outside.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace, comprising a furnace shell (1), characterized in that: A furnace chamber (2) is longitudinally arranged on one side of the furnace shell (1). A grate (21) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber (2). An ash discharge channel (22) is connected to the bottom of the grate (21). A feeding assembly (7) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber (2) near the furnace shell (1). A flue gas channel (3) is horizontally connected to the top of the furnace chamber (2) away from the feeding assembly (7). A heat exchange assembly (4) is longitudinally connected to the bottom surface of the flue gas channel (3). An exhaust assembly (6) is arranged on the top surface of the flue gas channel (3). A primary oxygen supply mechanism (8) is axially arranged on the top surface of the grate (21), and the primary oxygen supply mechanism (8) is located below the unloading end of the feeding assembly (7). A secondary oxygen supply mechanism (9) is axially suspended in the upper middle part of the furnace chamber (2). The primary oxygen supply mechanism (8) includes an oxygen supply tray (81) disposed on the top surface of the grate (21). The oxygen supply tray (81) has an inverted conical structure, is hollow inside, and has openings on its upper and lower surfaces. The outer diameter of the top opening of the oxygen supply tray (81) is the same as the inner diameter of the furnace chamber (2), and the top opening of the oxygen supply tray (81) is located below the unloading end of the feeding assembly (7). The outer circumferential surface of the oxygen supply tray (81) is provided with first through holes (811) distributed in an array. The side of the grate (21) is provided with an air inlet pipe (82) communicating with the outside of the furnace shell (1). The secondary oxygen supply mechanism (9) includes an oxygen supply ring (91) axially arranged in the upper middle part of the furnace (2), and the outer diameter of the oxygen supply ring (91) is the same as the inner diameter of the furnace (2). The oxygen supply ring (91) is hollow inside, and multiple second through holes (911) are axially and equally spaced on its inner ring surface and bottom surface. An oxygen supply pipe (92) is connected to its top surface. The oxygen supply pipe (92) is connected to a blower (93) located outside the furnace shell (1). The outer ring surface of the oxygen supply ring (91) is axially slidably attached to the inner wall of the furnace (2); the oxygen supply pipe (92) is composed of a rigid pipe (921) and a flexible pipe (922). The bottom end of the rigid pipe (921) is connected to the top surface of the oxygen supply ring (91) facing the feeding assembly (7). The upper part of the rigid pipe (921) passes vertically through the top surface of the furnace (2) and the top surface of the furnace shell (1) in sequence. The top end of the rigid pipe (921) is connected to one end of the flexible pipe (922), and the other end of the flexible pipe (922) is connected to the blower (93). The rigid pipe (921) is positioned and moved up and down by a lifting assembly (94) set on the top surface of the furnace shell (1). The lifting assembly (94) includes guide plates (941) vertically opposite each other on the top surface of the furnace shell (1), and the cross-section of the guide plates (941) is U-shaped; a lifting toothed plate (942) is longitudinally slidably fitted between the two guide plates (941), the bottom back of the lifting toothed plate (942) is connected to the upper part of the rigid tube (921) through a suspension bracket (943), and a transmission gear (944) is radially meshed on its front side, the transmission gear (944) is driven by a servo motor (945) connected to it axially, and the servo motor (945) is supported by a bracket (946) set on the top surface of the furnace shell (1).

2. The high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly (4) includes at least three heat exchange boxes (41) arranged horizontally side by side directly below the flue gas channel (3). The heat exchange boxes (41) are connected to the flue gas channel (3) through a plurality of longitudinally arrayed heat exchange tubes (42). At least three partition plates (31) are longitudinally spaced inside the flue gas channel (3). The partition plates (31) are staggered with the heat exchange boxes (41). The exhaust assembly (6) is connected to the top surface of the outer end of the flue gas channel (3).

3. The high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust assembly (6) includes an exhaust fan (61) disposed on the top surface of the flue gas passage (3). The inlet of the exhaust fan (61) is connected to a smoke inlet pipe (62). The smoke inlet pipe (62) is longitudinally connected to the area between the outer end face of the flue gas passage (3) and the adjacent partition plate (31). The outlet of the exhaust fan (61) is laterally connected to a smoke outlet pipe (63).

4. The high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: A movable cleaning assembly (5) is axially arranged inside the heat exchange tube (42); the cleaning assembly (5) includes a lifting rod (51), and a spiral blade (52) is axially wound and welded on the lower middle part of the lifting rod (51). The spiral blade (52) is axially inserted into the corresponding heat exchange tube (42); the upper part of the lifting rod (51) passes vertically through the flue gas channel (3) and the top surface of the furnace shell (1) in sequence, and the top of the lifting rod (51) is axially connected to a limit handle (53).

5. The high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension frame (943) includes a support block (9431) vertically connected to the bottom of the back of the lifting toothed plate (942). A fixing block (9432) is integrally connected to the outer end face of the support block (9431) in a horizontal direction. A mounting hole (94321) is provided through the middle of the fixing block (9432). The upper part of the rigid tube (921) passes through the mounting hole (94321) axially and is abutted and connected by a fastening bolt (9433) provided on one side of the fixing block (9432).

6. The high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (7) includes a hopper (71) attached to the end face of the furnace shell (1). A screw conveyor (72) is horizontally connected to the bottom opening of the hopper (71). The unloading end of the screw conveyor (72) passes through the furnace shell (1) and the furnace chamber (2) in sequence. The top opening of the oxygen supply tray (81) is located below the unloading end of the screw conveyor (72).

7. An energy-saving method for a high-efficiency biomass energy-saving hot air furnace as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The energy-saving method includes the following steps: Step S1: Adjust the relative distance between the oxygen supply ring (91) and the oxygen supply tray (81) by means of the lifting component (94) according to the type of biomass fuel; Step S2: Biomass fuel is uniformly fed into the oxygen supply tray (81) through the feeding assembly (7) for combustion, while ensuring that the blower (93) and the induced draft fan (61) continue to operate. Step S3: After combustion, the residual ash that fell from the grate (21) into the ash discharge channel (22) is manually removed. The manual holds the limiting handle (53) of the ash removal component (5) in the heat exchange tube (42) and pulls it up and down to remove the soot attached to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube (42) and the spiral blades (52).

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