A seed melon threshing and separating device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a seed melon threshing and separation device, which includes a cleaning device, the cleaning device includes a separation chamber and a cleaning roller placed in the separation chamber, the separation chamber is surrounded by an arc-shaped top plate arranged on the top and a screen arranged on the bottom; it also includes a pre-treatment device placed at the front end of the separation chamber; the pre-treatment device includes an inner layer treatment mechanism and a melon rind conveying mechanism; the inner layer treatment mechanism includes a hole opening mechanism, a cutting and opening mechanism, a scraping mechanism and an inner conveying mechanism; the melon rind conveying mechanism includes a plurality of conveying units arranged around the inner layer treatment mechanism. The present invention can extract the inner pulp and seed parts in the seed melon through the pre-treatment device for cleaning, and the melon rind will not enter the cleaning roller, which can greatly reduce the difficulty of cleaning, and the melon pulp and seed parts can be cleaned by using an ordinary threshing device, which can greatly reduce the amount of materials entering the cleaning device, improve the cleaning efficiency, and reduce the loss of seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly to a seed melon threshing and separating device. Background Art

[0002] The seed melon is a crop whose internal seeds have edible value or other values. Therefore, the existing combine harvester directly harvests the seeds inside the seed melon when harvesting the seed melon, and cleans and returns other materials to the field, eliminating the subsequent operation process. In the prior art, Patent CN209930966U discloses a threshing and separating device for a seed melon harvester. In this patent, through complex improvement of the traditional axial flow threshing device, the seed melon can be threshed to obtain the internal seeds. In this solution, the whole seed melon enters the separation chamber, and the rind of the seed melon also participates in the cleaning process. Although a series of measures are taken by the threshing and separating device to process the rind, due to the relatively thick rinds of many seed melons, a large amount of materials generated after the rind is broken will greatly increase the total amount of materials to be cleaned, dilute the seeds, affect the cleaning of the materials, resulting in a high seed loss rate and low cleaning efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Object of the Invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a seed melon threshing and separating device that can improve the cleaning efficiency and reduce seed loss.

[0004] Technical Solution: To achieve the above object, a seed melon threshing and separating device of the present invention includes a cleaning device, and the cleaning device includes a separation chamber and a cleaning drum disposed in the separation chamber. The separation chamber is surrounded by an arc-shaped top plate provided above and a screen mesh provided below;

[0005] It further includes a pre-treatment device disposed at the front end of the separation chamber; the pre-treatment device includes an inner layer treatment mechanism and a rind conveying mechanism;

[0006] The inner layer treatment mechanism includes an opening mechanism, a cutting and expanding mechanism, a scraping mechanism, and an inner conveying mechanism;

[0007] The rind conveying mechanism includes a plurality of conveying units disposed around the inner layer treatment mechanism.

[0008] When performing the operation of separating the seeds from the watermelons, the watermelons are processed by the pre-treatment device to achieve the separation of the rind and the pulp. The specific process is as follows: The watermelons are fed forward to the pre-treatment device. The hole-opening mechanism of the pre-treatment device first makes holes in the front end of the watermelons. As the watermelons continue to advance forward, the cutting and spreading mechanism divides the watermelons into multiple segments and spreads the cut parts outwards. The scraping mechanism scrapes the inner side of the rind to scrape off the pulp together with the seeds. The inner conveying mechanism conveys the scraped pulp, seeds, and the materials crushed by the hole-opening mechanism backwards and discharges them into the cleaning device. The cleaning device cleans the discharged substances to obtain the seeds.

[0009] During the above threshing process, the inner pulp and seeds in the watermelons can be extracted by the pre-treatment device for cleaning. The rind will not enter the cleaning drum. In this way, the cleaning difficulty can be greatly reduced, and an ordinary threshing device can be used to complete the cleaning of the pulp and seeds.

[0010] Furthermore, the hole-opening mechanism includes a knife group, a driving motor, and a motor protection cover; the driving motor is drivingly connected to the knife group, and the motor protection cover is used to prevent the driving motor from getting water.

[0011] The knife group includes a plurality of blades arranged in a circumferential array. The blades are arranged obliquely in the axial direction, and the cutting edges of the blades are also rotatably installed relative to the normal direction where they are located; a first gap is formed between adjacent blades.

[0012] Furthermore, the cutting and spreading mechanism includes a plurality of cutting knives arranged in a circumferential array and a plurality of spreading pieces arranged in a circumferential array; the cutting knives and the spreading pieces are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. A plurality of spreading pieces can be arranged between adjacent cutting knives. A second gap is formed between adjacent components to facilitate the pulp to enter the inside of the inner-layer processing mechanism from the second gap; the spreading pieces are arc-shaped, and the cutting and spreading mechanism as a whole is a conical structure that is narrow in the front and wide in the rear.

[0013] Furthermore, the cutting knives are directly connected to the machine frame at the same time. In this way, the cutting knives serve as the support structure between the machine frame and the spreading pieces at the same time, and the installation problem of the cutting and spreading mechanism can be solved.

[0014] Furthermore, the scraping mechanism includes a plurality of scraping pieces arranged in a circumferential array. The scraping pieces extend from the inside of the cutting and spreading mechanism to the outside of the cutting and spreading mechanism, that is; the scraping pieces can rotate relative to the cutting and spreading mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the scraping pieces have corners, so that in the cage-shaped structure formed by all the scraping pieces, the front side of the cage-shaped structure is a conical structure, and the rear side of the cage-shaped structure is a cylindrical structure.

[0016] With the above structure, the whole cutter group is in a conical structure. Since the cutting edge of the blade is inclined with respect to the normal direction, the blade exerts a planing effect on the seed melon, and the cut material can enter the interior of the inner processing mechanism through the first gap between the blades and is conveyed away by the inner conveying mechanism. Then, the cutting knife acts on the seed melon and cuts the seed melon into multiple pieces. During the cutting process, on the one hand, the spreading pieces spread the seed melon pieces outwards, causing the pieces to gradually separate from each other. On the other hand, part of the pulp and seeds enter the interior of the inner processing mechanism through the second gap. The cut seed melon pieces move backward under the action of the melon rind conveying mechanism. In the scraping mechanism, the cage-shaped structure formed by the scraping blades rotates continuously, and the scraping blades can scrape the inner side of the seed melon pieces attached to the spreading pieces, scraping the pulp and seeds off the melon rind.

[0017] Furthermore, the melon rind conveying mechanism includes a circulating unit and a plurality of staples fixedly arranged on the circulating unit at equal intervals. With this structure, when the circulating unit operates, the staples at the front end of the circulating unit can be inserted into the melon rind. Then, the melon rind can move along with the circulating unit, and the melon rind is discharged and dropped at the tail of the circulating unit. In this way, the melon rind will not enter the cleaning device and will not cause difficulty in cleaning.

[0018] Furthermore, the scraping mechanism is also driven to rotate by the driving motor.

[0019] Furthermore, the front end of the motor protection cover is in a conical structure. In this way, the motor protection cover will not block the movement of the material.

[0020] Furthermore, the inner conveying mechanism includes a conveying pipeline and an auger. The rotation of the auger can continuously convey the material backward.

[0021] Beneficial effects: In the seed melon threshing and separating device of the present invention, by setting up the pre-treatment device, the pre-treatment device can perform operations such as opening holes, cutting, spreading, and scraping the inner pulp and seeds on the seed melon, effectively extracting the inner pulp and seeds in the seed melon in advance for cleaning. The melon rind will not enter the cleaning device, so the cleaning difficulty can be greatly reduced, and an ordinary threshing device can be used to complete the cleaning of the pulp and seed parts. It can be seen that the above-mentioned seed melon threshing and separating device can greatly reduce the amount of material entering the cleaning device, improve the cleaning efficiency, and reduce the loss of seeds. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is the overall composition diagram of the seed melon threshing and separating device;

[0023] Figure 2 It is the three-dimensional view of the pre-treatment device;

[0024] Figure 3 It is the side view of the pre-treatment device;

[0025] Figure 4 It is the cross-sectional view of the pre-treatment device;

[0026] Figure 5 Structural diagram of the knife group;

[0027] Figure 6 Structural diagram of the scraping mechanism.

[0028] In the figure: A - cleaning device; 1 - separation chamber; 11 - arc-shaped top plate; 12 - sieve; 2 - cleaning drum; B - pretreatment device; 3 - inner layer treatment mechanism; 31 - hole-opening mechanism; 311 - knife group; a - blade; 312 - drive motor; 313 - motor protection cover; 32 - cutting and spreading mechanism; 321 - cutter; 322 - spreading piece; 33 - scraping mechanism; 331 - scraping blade; 34 - inner conveying mechanism; 341 - conveying pipeline; 342 - auger; 4 - melon peel conveying mechanism; 41 - circulation unit; 42 - nail; 5 - frame. Specific implementation mode

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] As Figure 1 shown in the seed melon threshing and separating device, which includes a cleaning device A. The cleaning device A includes a separation chamber 1 and a cleaning drum 2 placed in the separation chamber. The separation chamber 1 is surrounded by an arc-shaped top plate 11 arranged above and a sieve 12 arranged below; it also includes a pretreatment device B placed at the front end of the separation chamber 1; as Figures 2 - 4 shown, the pretreatment device B includes an inner layer treatment mechanism 3 and a melon peel conveying mechanism 4; the inner layer treatment mechanism 3 includes a hole-opening mechanism 31, a cutting and spreading mechanism 32, a scraping mechanism 33 and an inner conveying mechanism 34; the melon peel conveying mechanism 4 includes multiple groups of conveying units arranged around the inner layer treatment mechanism 3.

[0031] When implementing the seed melon separation operation, the seed melon is subjected to skin-pulp separation after being processed by the pretreatment device B. The specific process is as follows: The seed melon feeds forward to the pretreatment device B. The hole-opening mechanism 31 of the pretreatment device B first opens holes in the front end of the seed melon. As the seed melon continues to advance forward, the cutting and spreading mechanism 32 divides the seed melon into multiple petals and spreads the cut parts outwards. The scraping mechanism 33 scrapes the inner side of the melon peel to scrape off the melon pulp together with the seeds. The inner conveying mechanism 34 conveys the scraped melon pulp and the substances crushed by the hole-opening mechanism 31 backward and discharges them into the cleaning device A. The cleaning device A cleans the discharged substances to obtain seeds.

[0032] During the above threshing process, the inner pulp and seed parts in the seed melon can be extracted by the pretreatment device B for cleaning. The melon peel will not enter the cleaning drum 2. In this way, the cleaning difficulty can be greatly reduced, and an ordinary threshing device can be used to complete the cleaning of the melon pulp and seed parts.

[0033] Preferably, as Figure 4 shown, the hole-opening mechanism 31 includes a cutter group 311, a driving motor 312, and a motor protection cover 313; the driving motor 312 is drivingly connected to the cutter group 311, and the motor protection cover 313 is used to prevent the driving motor 312 from getting water. As Figure 5 shown, the cutter group 311 includes a plurality of blades a arranged in a circumferential array, the blades a are arranged obliquely in the axial direction, and the cutting edges of the blades a are also rotatably installed relative to the normal direction where they are located; a first gap is formed between adjacent blades a.

[0034] Preferably, the cutting and spreading mechanism 32 includes a plurality of cutting knives 321 arranged in a circumferential array and a plurality of spreading pieces 322 arranged in a circumferential array; the cutting knives 321 and the spreading pieces 322 are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of spreading pieces 322 can be arranged between adjacent cutting knives 321, and a second gap is formed between adjacent components, so that the melon pulp can enter the inside of the inner processing mechanism 3 from the second gap; the spreading pieces 322 are arc-shaped, and the cutting and spreading mechanism 32 as a whole is a tapered structure that is narrow in the front and wide in the rear.

[0035] Preferably, the cutting knife 321 is directly connected to the machine frame 5 at the same time. In this way, the cutting knife 321 serves as a support structure between the machine frame and the spreading piece 322 at the same time, and the installation problem of the cutting and spreading mechanism 32 can be solved.

[0036] Preferably, as Figure 6 shown, the scraping mechanism 33 includes a plurality of scraping pieces 331 arranged in a circumferential array, and the scraping pieces 331 extend from the inside of the cutting and spreading mechanism 32 to the outside of the cutting and spreading mechanism 32, that is; the scraping pieces 331 can rotate relative to the cutting and spreading mechanism 32.

[0037] Preferably, the scraping piece 331 has a corner, so that in the cage-shaped structure surrounded by all the scraping pieces 331, the front side of the cage-shaped structure is a tapered structure, and the rear side of the cage-shaped structure is a cylindrical structure.

[0038] With the above structure, the entire cutter group 311 is a conical structure. Since the cutting edge of the blade a is inclined with respect to the normal direction, the blade a exerts a planing effect on the seed melon, and the cut material can enter the interior of the inner processing mechanism 3 through the first gap between the blades a and is conveyed away by the inner conveying mechanism 34. Then, the cutter 321 acts on the seed melon to cut the seed melon into multiple pieces. During the cutting process, on the one hand, the spreading piece 322 spreads the seed melon pieces outwards, causing the pieces to gradually separate from each other. On the other hand, part of the pulp and seeds enter the interior of the inner processing mechanism 3 through the second gap. The cut seed melon pieces move backward under the action of the melon rind conveying mechanism 4. In the scraping mechanism 33, the cage-shaped structure formed by the scraping blades 331 rotates continuously, and the scraping blades 331 can scrape the inner side of the seed melon pieces attached to the spreading piece 322, scraping the pulp and seeds off the melon rind.

[0039] As Figure 4 shown, the melon rind conveying mechanism 4 includes a circulating unit 41 and a plurality of spikes 42 fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the circulating unit 41. With this structure, when the circulating unit 41 operates, the spikes 42 at the front end of the circulating unit 41 can pierce into the melon rind. Then, the melon rind can move along with the circulating unit 41, and the melon rind is discharged and dropped at the tail of the circulating unit 41. In this way, the melon rind will not enter the cleaning device A and will not cause difficulties in cleaning.

[0040] Preferably, the scraping mechanism 33 is also driven to rotate by the driving motor 312.

[0041] Preferably, the front end of the motor protection cover 313 is a conical structure. In this way, the motor protection cover 313 will not block the movement of materials.

[0042] Preferably, the inner conveying mechanism 34 includes a conveying pipeline 341 and an auger 342. The rotation of the auger 342 can continuously convey the materials backward.

[0043] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed melon threshing and separating device, which includes a cleaning device (A). The cleaning device (A) includes a separation chamber (1) and a cleaning drum (2) placed inside the separation chamber. The separation chamber (1) is surrounded by an arc-shaped top plate (11) arranged above and a screen (12) arranged below. It is characterized in that: It further includes a pre-treatment device (B) placed at the front end of the separation chamber (1); the pre-treatment device (B) includes an inner layer treatment mechanism (3) and a melon peel conveying mechanism (4); The inner layer treatment mechanism (3) includes a hole-opening mechanism (31), a cutting and spreading mechanism (32), a scraping mechanism (33), and an inner conveying mechanism (34); The melon peel conveying mechanism (4) includes multiple groups of conveying units arranged around the inner layer treatment mechanism (3); The cutting and spreading mechanism (32) includes a plurality of cutting knives (321) arranged in a circumferential array and a plurality of spreading pieces (322) arranged in a circumferential array; the cutting knives (321) and the spreading pieces (322) are staggered in the circumferential direction, and a second gap is formed between adjacent components; the spreading pieces (322) are arc-shaped, and the cutting and spreading mechanism (32) as a whole is a tapered structure that is narrow at the front and wide at the rear; The scraping mechanism (33) includes a plurality of scraping blades (331) arranged in a circumferential array. The scraping blades (331) extend from the inside of the cutting and spreading mechanism (32) to the outside of the cutting and spreading mechanism (32) backwards; the scraping blades (331) can rotate relative to the cutting and spreading mechanism (32); The hole-opening mechanism (31) includes a cutter group (311), a driving motor (312), and a motor protection cover (313); The cutter group (311) includes a plurality of blades (a) arranged in a circumferential array. The blades (a) are arranged obliquely in the axial direction, and the cutting edges of the blades (a) are also rotatably installed relative to the normal direction of their positions; a first gap is formed between adjacent blades (a); The melon peel conveying mechanism (4) includes a circulating unit (41) and a plurality of staples (42) fixed equidistantly on the circulating unit (41).

2. The seed melon threshing and separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting knives (321) are directly connected to the frame (5) at the same time.

3. The seed melon threshing and separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraping blades (331) have corners, so that in the cage-shaped structure surrounded by all the scraping blades (331), the front side of the cage-shaped structure is a tapered structure, and the rear side of the cage-shaped structure is a cylindrical structure.

4. The seed melon threshing and separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraping mechanism (33) is also driven to rotate by the driving motor (312).

5. The seed melon threshing and separating device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front end of the motor protection cover (313) is a tapered structure.

6. The seed melon threshing and separating device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner conveying mechanism (34) includes a conveying pipe (341) and an auger (342).

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