A reference design method for machining a zero-degree shaft hole of an oversized special-shaped part

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of reference design methods of super large special-shaped part zero axis hole processing, comprising the following steps: detecting the inside and outside circle allowance of part, determining workpiece center, establishing original coordinate system;According to the processing technology requirement, process part big plane, inside and outside circle, and the first hole, the second hole, the third hole on plane;Milling the inside end face of shaft hole;Process auxiliary reference block is set in the inside and outside arc position of 0 ° shaft hole center extension line, and reference block is fixed in numerical control planer milling machine workbench suitable position with pressing plate, and is fixed firmly;Under original coordinate system, according to 37 ° oblique line milling process reference groove, the width center of groove is coincident with the center of 0 ° shaft hole of part;Machine tool spindle installs right angle milling head, and rotates 37 °;Machine tool coordinate system rotates 37 °, and through the angle reference of the reference groove angle reference processed on inside and outside process reference block sequentially set before, corrects angle error;With the actual processing size measurement of angle milling head cutter end face and the inside end face of shaft hole, establishes radial dimension reference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heavy machinery equipment manufacturing technology, and in particular to a benchmark design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, for manufacturing ultra-large irregularly shaped parts, which are thin-plate structures and semi-annular in shape; for example, with an outer diameter of R5100±0.2mm, an inner diameter of R3600mm, and a thickness of 140±0.1mm, there are holes of Φ320H7, Φ260H7, and Φ210H7 distributed on the plane. There is a shaft hole structure at the 0° position of the part, and the shaft hole has a radial dimension requirement from the center. Among them, the two shaft holes of Φ316H8 and Φ324H8 have a coaxiality tolerance requirement of Φ0.025, which is also a critical dimension of the part and must be met.

[0003] This part requires high dimensional accuracy. The blank is forged and formed, and all surfaces require machining. It is exceptionally large and wide, with a width of 8160mm. Most companies do not have large CNC gantry milling machines of this width; only 6m wide CNC gantry milling machines are available. Due to the gantry width limitation of the machine tool, the part must be rotated 37° counterclockwise around its center during machining. Before machining, an original coordinate system is established. Under this original coordinate system, the gantry milling machine can directly use the spindle to perform all machining operations on the large plane, inner and outer circles, and the Φ320H7, Φ260H7, and Φ210H7 holes on the plane. Finally, the holes in the 0° shaft hole structure are machined. At this point, a right-angle milling head needs to be installed on the spindle. The right-angle milling head needs to be rotated 37° and then used to machine the holes by moving along an oblique line through the rotating coordinate system. After installing the right-angle milling head, it is necessary to re-align the machine and determine the radial and angular references between the machine tool and the part. Because the part has a rather strange shape and a semi-circular ring structure, it is difficult to directly set all the references required for machining on the part. The absence of references or unreasonable references will cause the machining accuracy of the part to fail to meet the requirements, resulting in potential quality problems.

[0004] Therefore, solving the problem of setting radial and angular references when machining 0° holes is the key to the smooth production of this part.

[0005] The preceding description is intended to provide general background information and does not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reference design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts. This reference design method solves the technical problem that it is impossible to directly set angular positioning references on the parts, and provides process assurance for realizing the machining of 0° shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts.

[0007] This invention provides a benchmark design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes in ultra-large irregularly shaped parts, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Inspect the allowance of the inner and outer circles of the part, determine the center of the workpiece, use the center of the workpiece as the origin of the coordinate system during workpiece machining, and establish the original coordinate system at the same time.

[0009] S2: Machin the large flat surface, inner and outer circles, and the first, second, and third holes on the flat surface of the part according to the machining process requirements;

[0010] S3: Mill the inner end face of the shaft hole;

[0011] S4: Set process auxiliary reference blocks at the inner and outer arc positions of the extension line of the 0° shaft hole center, fix the reference blocks at a suitable position on the CNC gantry milling machine worktable with pressure plates, and fix them firmly.

[0012] S5: Mill the upper plane of the auxiliary reference block for milling. In the original coordinate system, mill the reference groove along a 37° oblique line. The center of the groove width coincides with the center of the 0° shaft hole of the part.

[0013] S6: The machine tool spindle is equipped with a right-angle milling head and rotated 37°;

[0014] S7: Rotate the machine tool coordinate system by 37°, and correct the angle error by re-measuring and comparing the angle of the reference slot machined on the internal and external process reference blocks set in the previous step.

[0015] S8: In the rotating coordinate system, measure the actual machining dimensions of the end face of the angle milling head and the inner end face of the shaft hole to establish a radial dimension reference.

[0016] S9: Complete the machining tasks of each part of the 0° shaft hole according to the determined angle and radial reference.

[0017] Furthermore, the machining process of the large flat surface of the part in step S2 is divided into three steps: roughing, semi-finishing, and finishing.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2, the first hole, the second hole, and the third hole are respectively Φ320H7 hole, Φ260H7 hole, and Φ210H7 hole.

[0019] Further, step S3 includes: milling the inner end face of the Φ400 shaft hole to 3582±0.2 according to the dimensions required by the preset drawing.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S4, the distance between the reference block at the inner arc and the part is 2m, and the distance between the reference block at the outer arc and the part is 0.6m.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S5, a 100mm wide and 50mm deep process reference groove is milled along a 37° oblique line.

[0022] The present invention provides a reference design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts. By reasonably setting process references, the inner end face 3582±0.2 of the zero-degree shaft hole of the workpiece is first machined into place as a radial positioning reference. Then, two auxiliary process reference blocks are set on the extension line of the 0° shaft hole of the workpiece, one inside and one outside, and process reference grooves are machined on the reference blocks. The reference grooves are used as angular references to correct the angular error when the CNC gantry milling machine finally machines the 0° shaft hole. This solves the technical problem that it is impossible to directly set angular positioning references on the part, and provides process guarantee for realizing the machining of 0° shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the benchmark design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the original coordinate system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the setting of the rotating coordinate system and the process auxiliary reference block when machining a 0° shaft hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section C in the image. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0029] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., used in the specification and claims of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the benchmark design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the original coordinate system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the setting of the rotating coordinate system and the process auxiliary reference block when machining a 0° shaft hole, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of section C in the image. Please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 In this embodiment, the oversized irregularly shaped parts, such as Figure 2 As shown, it is a thin plate structure, semi-annular in shape, with an outer diameter R5100±0.2mm, an inner diameter R3600mm, and a thickness of 140±0.1mm. It has holes of Φ320H7, Φ260H7, and Φ210H7 distributed on the plane. There is a shaft hole structure at the 0° position of the part. Each shaft hole has a radial dimension requirement from the center. Among them, the two shaft holes of Φ316H8 and Φ324H8 have a coaxiality tolerance requirement of Φ0.025, which is also a critical dimension of the part.

[0032] This invention provides a benchmark design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes in ultra-large irregularly shaped parts, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S1: Inspect the allowance of the inner and outer diameters of the part, and determine the center of the workpiece while ensuring the uniformity of the allowance. Use the center of the workpiece as the origin of the coordinate system during workpiece machining, and simultaneously establish the original coordinate system (e.g., Figure 3 (as shown);

[0034] S2: Machining the large flat surface, inner and outer circles, and the first, second, and third holes on the flat surface of the part according to the machining process requirements; specifically, the machining process of the large flat surface of the part in step S2 is divided into three steps: roughing, semi-finishing, and finishing; thereby preventing excessive local cutting amount from causing deformation of the part; furthermore, the first, second, and third holes in step S2 are Φ320H7, Φ260H7, and Φ210H7 holes, respectively.

[0035] S3: Mill the inner end face of the shaft hole; specifically, mill the inner end face of the Φ400 shaft hole to 3582±0.2 according to the dimensions required by the drawing. The process setting is to first process this end face as the reference for the radial dimension when machining the 0° shaft hole later.

[0036] S4: Set process auxiliary reference blocks (such as...) at the inner and outer arc positions of the extension line of the 0° shaft hole center. Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the reference block is fixed in a suitable position on the CNC gantry milling machine worktable using a pressure plate and is firmly fixed; specifically, the reference block at the inner arc is 2m away from the part, and the reference block at the outer arc is 0.6m away from the part.

[0037] S5: Mill the upper plane of the auxiliary reference block for milling. In the original coordinate system, mill the reference groove at a 37° angle. The center of the groove width coincides with the center of the 0° shaft hole of the part. Specifically, mill a 100mm wide and 50mm deep reference groove at a 37° angle.

[0038] S6: Install a right-angle milling head on the machine tool spindle and rotate it 37°; that is, adjust the center angle of the right-angle milling head spindle to match the center of the 0° shaft hole of the part.

[0039] S7: Rotate the machine tool coordinate system by 37°, and correct the angle error by re-measuring and comparing the angle of the reference slot machined on the internal and external process reference blocks set in the previous step.

[0040] S8: In the rotating coordinate system, use the end face of the angle milling head to measure the actual machining dimension of 3582±0.2 on the inner end face of the Φ400 shaft hole to set the tool and establish the radial dimension reference;

[0041] S9: Complete the machining tasks of each part of the 0° shaft hole according to the determined angle and radial reference.

[0042] It should be noted that the reference design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts of the present invention, by reasonably setting the process reference, firstly, the inner end face of the zero-degree shaft hole of the workpiece is machined to 3582±0.2 as a radial positioning reference. Then, two process auxiliary reference blocks are set on the extension line of the 0° shaft hole of the workpiece, one inside and one outside, and process reference grooves are machined on the reference blocks. The reference grooves are used as angular references to correct the angular error when the CNC gantry milling machine finally machines the 0° shaft hole. This solves the technical problem that it is impossible to directly set the angular positioning reference on the part, and provides a process guarantee for realizing the machining of 0° shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts.

[0043] As can be seen from the above description, the advantages of this invention are:

[0044] The present invention provides a reference design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts. By reasonably setting process references, the inner end face 3582±0.2 of the zero-degree shaft hole of the workpiece is first machined into place as a radial positioning reference. Then, two auxiliary process reference blocks are set on the extension line of the 0° shaft hole of the workpiece, one inside and one outside, and process reference grooves are machined on the reference blocks. The reference grooves are used as angular references to correct the angular error when the CNC gantry milling machine finally machines the 0° shaft hole. This solves the technical problem that it is impossible to directly set angular positioning references on the part, and provides process guarantee for realizing the machining of 0° shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts.

[0045] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A reference design method for machining a zero-axis hole of an oversized special-shaped part, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Inspect the allowance of the inner and outer circles of the part, determine the center of the workpiece, use the center of the workpiece as the origin of the coordinate system during workpiece machining, and establish the original coordinate system at the same time. S2: Machin the large flat surface, inner and outer circles, and the first, second, and third holes on the flat surface of the part according to the machining process requirements; S3: Mill the inner end face of the shaft hole; S4: Set process auxiliary reference blocks at the inner and outer arc positions of the extension line of the 0° shaft hole center, fix the reference blocks at a suitable position on the CNC gantry milling machine worktable with pressure plates, and fix them firmly. S5: Mill the upper plane of the auxiliary reference block for milling. In the original coordinate system, mill the reference groove along a 37° oblique line. The center of the groove width coincides with the center of the 0° shaft hole of the part. S6: The machine tool spindle is equipped with a right-angle milling head and rotated 37°; S7: Rotate the machine tool coordinate system by 37°, and correct the angle error by re-measuring and comparing the angle of the reference slot machined on the internal and external process reference blocks set in the previous step. S8: In the rotating coordinate system, measure the actual machining dimensions of the end face of the angle milling head and the inner end face of the shaft hole to establish a radial dimension reference. S9: Complete the machining tasks of each part of the 0° shaft hole according to the determined angle and radial reference.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The machining process of the large flat surface of the part in step S2 is divided into three steps: roughing, semi-finishing, and finishing.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S2, the first hole, the second hole, and the third hole are Φ320H7, Φ260H7, and Φ210H7 holes, respectively.

4. The reference design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: milling the inner end face of the Φ400 shaft hole to 3582±0.2 according to the dimensions required by the preset drawing.

5. The benchmark design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the distance between the reference block at the inner arc and the part is 2m, and the distance between the reference block at the outer arc and the part is 0.6m.

6. The reference design method for machining zero-degree shaft holes of ultra-large irregular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, a 100mm wide and 50mm deep process reference groove is milled along a 37° oblique line.

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