Tunnel automation real-time monitoring and measuring system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of tunnel automation real-time monitoring measurement system and method, including distributed in each monitoring measurement section of tunnel measurement module, signal sending module, signal receiving module, control unit, data analysis processing unit and display unit;Control unit controls measurement module between through signal sending module and signal receiving module and carries out measurement signal transceiver, and data is sent to data analysis processing unit, the data analysis processing unit is according to the distance between each network point measured module measured, using three-dimensional coordinate point algorithm analysis distance obtains the coordinate information of each network point measured module, and by network point coordinate information combination check reaches the monitoring purpose;Display unit shows data analysis result and monitoring result.This application technical scheme can realize all-day real-time monitoring measurement, automatic data acquisition, result analysis and early warning display, real-time master surrounding rock dynamic, accumulate original data, provide original data analysis basis for subsequent construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel monitoring and measurement technology in the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) construction, and relates to an automated real-time monitoring and measurement system and method for tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of transportation infrastructure, tunnel engineering has become a vital force in social progress. The safety of excavation is paramount in tunnel construction. Tunnel monitoring and measurement, as a crucial means of understanding the dynamic stability of the surrounding rock, is also an essential basis for tunnel engineering design and construction. Only through monitoring and data analysis at the tunnel construction site can we promptly grasp the tunnel excavation progress, the mechanical changes of the surrounding rock, and the stability of the rock after excavation, thereby maximizing the safety of the construction site.

[0003] During tunnel construction, various types of instruments and tools are used to measure and observe the mechanical behavior of the surrounding rock, support, and lining, as well as the mechanical relationships between them, and to evaluate their stability; this is collectively referred to as monitoring and measurement. For tunnels constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM), monitoring and measurement must be included in the construction organization design to understand the working state of the surrounding rock and support structure, use the measurement and analysis results to guide construction, and prevent accidents and hazards before they occur. Currently, tunnel monitoring and measurement uses instruments such as total stations, levels, and 3D scanners, but manual monitoring and measurement are costly and complex. Data collection and analysis are also slow to produce results, hindering real-time monitoring of the surrounding rock dynamics and preventing accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide an automated real-time monitoring and measurement system and method for tunnels. The system mainly consists of a network point measurement system that measures data and analyzes and displays monitoring results, achieving real-time monitoring and measurement around the clock, automated data acquisition, result analysis and early warning display, real-time understanding of surrounding rock dynamics, accumulation of raw data, and provision of raw data analysis basis for subsequent construction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An automated real-time monitoring and measurement system for tunnels includes measurement modules, signal transmission modules, signal receiving modules, a control unit, a data analysis and processing unit, and a display unit distributed across various monitoring and measurement sections of the tunnel. The measurement modules are distributed across the monitoring and measurement sections in a network pattern. The control unit controls the measurement modules to transmit and receive measurement signals through the signal transmission and receiving modules, and sends the data to the data analysis and processing unit. The data analysis and processing unit analyzes the distances between the measured modules at each network point using a three-dimensional coordinate point algorithm to obtain the coordinate information of each network point measurement module, and then combines the network point coordinate information to verify the monitoring results. The display unit displays the data analysis results and monitoring results.

[0007] Furthermore, in this system, at least three main network point measurement modules are arranged outside the tunnel entrance, and the three main network point measurement modules cannot be on the same straight line in space.

[0008] Furthermore, the system analyzes monitoring data to perform automated real-time monitoring of the tunnel. The monitoring elements include, but are not limited to, observations inside and outside the tunnel, surrounding displacement, arch subsidence, surface subsidence, and arch foot subsidence.

[0009] Furthermore, the operation of the tunnel automated real-time monitoring and measurement system is achieved through the following steps:

[0010] 1) Deployment of main network points: At least three main network points shall be set up outside the tunnel entrance, and the three main network points shall not be on the same straight line in space;

[0011] 2) Main network point coordinate measurement: The coordinates of the deployed main network points are measured;

[0012] 3) Tunnel lining excavation: Tunnel lining construction;

[0013] 4) Deployment of monitoring points on the tunnel lining section: After the construction of the primary lining, monitoring and measurement points are deployed on the selected monitoring and measurement sections.

[0014] 5) Automatic distance measurement at network points or measuring points: Measuring points and measuring points are coordinated by the control unit with the main network point for distance measurement.

[0015] 6) Distance measurement data collection and analysis: Derive the spatial coordinates of network points through distance measurement between network points, and analyze the relationship between the spatial coordinate displacement of network points and time;

[0016] 7) Tunnel lining section monitoring and measurement: Section monitoring is carried out by combining tunnel monitoring and measurement specifications with the displacement-time relationship of network points;

[0017] 8) Tunnel secondary lining excavation: Tunnel secondary lining construction;

[0018] 9) The original primary lining section of the tunnel was cancelled: the original network of primary lining section locations was cancelled;

[0019] 10) Deployment of monitoring points for the secondary lining of the tunnel section: After the construction of the secondary lining, monitoring points are deployed on the selected monitoring and measurement sections of the secondary lining.

[0020] 11) Tunnel secondary lining section monitoring and measurement: Section monitoring is carried out in combination with tunnel monitoring and measurement specifications and the relationship between network point displacement and time.

[0021] Furthermore, the automated real-time monitoring and measurement system also includes an early warning unit, which performs real-time monitoring and early warning of tunnel construction based on the analysis results of the monitoring data.

[0022] This invention also provides a method for automated real-time monitoring and measurement of tunnels.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] The system and method described in this invention can achieve real-time monitoring and measurement around the clock, automated data acquisition, result analysis and early warning display, real-time understanding of surrounding rock dynamics, accumulation of raw data, and provision of raw data analysis basis for subsequent construction, specifically including:

[0025] 1) Automatic monitoring and measurement frequency reduces tunnel monitoring and measurement construction costs;

[0026] 2) Real-time monitoring and early warning of tunnel construction to guide tunnel construction;

[0027] 3) The software analyzes and collects data, making the monitoring intuitive;

[0028] 4) It can be used not only for monitoring and early warning during tunnel construction, but also for monitoring during tunnel operation, providing safety assurance for tunnels in operation.

[0029] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the tunnel automated real-time monitoring and measurement system of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Construction diagram of network points and control units;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional distribution map of the network tunnels;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a layout diagram of the tunnels at the network points. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] This invention provides an automated real-time monitoring and measurement system and method for tunnels. The system uses a network of measurement points to measure data and analyze and display monitoring results, achieving 24 / 7 real-time monitoring and measurement. It automates data acquisition, result analysis, and early warning display, allowing for real-time monitoring of surrounding rock dynamics and accumulating raw data to provide a basis for subsequent construction analysis. Specifically, the automated real-time monitoring and measurement system for tunnels includes measurement modules, signal transmission modules, signal receiving modules, a control unit, a data analysis and processing unit, and a display unit, all distributed across various monitoring sections of the tunnel. The measurement modules are distributed across the monitoring sections in a network pattern. The control unit controls the measurement modules to transmit and receive measurement signals through the signal transmission and reception modules, and sends the data to the data analysis and processing unit. The data analysis and processing unit analyzes the distances between the measured network of measurement modules using a three-dimensional coordinate point algorithm to derive the coordinate information of each network of measurement modules, and then verifies the results by combining the network coordinate information to achieve the monitoring objective. The display unit displays the data analysis results and monitoring results. The system analyzes monitoring data to perform automated real-time monitoring of the tunnel. The monitoring elements include, but are not limited to, observations inside and outside the tunnel, surrounding displacement, arch subsidence, surface subsidence, and arch foot subsidence.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the operation of the tunnel automated real-time monitoring and measurement system is achieved through the following steps:

[0038] 1) Deployment of main network points: At least three main network points shall be set up outside the tunnel entrance, and the three main network points shall not be on the same straight line in space;

[0039] 2) Main network point coordinate measurement: The coordinates of the deployed main network points are measured;

[0040] 3) Tunnel lining excavation: Tunnel lining construction;

[0041] 4) Deployment of monitoring points on the tunnel lining section: After the construction of the primary lining, monitoring and measurement points are deployed on the selected monitoring and measurement sections.

[0042] 5) Automatic distance measurement at network points or measuring points: Measuring points and measuring points are coordinated by the control unit with the main network point for distance measurement.

[0043] 6) Distance measurement data collection and analysis: Derive the spatial coordinates of network points through distance measurement between network points, and analyze the relationship between the spatial coordinate displacement of network points and time;

[0044] 7) Tunnel lining section monitoring and measurement: Section monitoring is carried out by combining tunnel monitoring and measurement specifications with the displacement-time relationship of network points;

[0045] 8) Tunnel secondary lining excavation: Tunnel secondary lining construction;

[0046] 9) The original primary lining section of the tunnel was cancelled: the original network of primary lining section locations was cancelled;

[0047] 10) Deployment of monitoring points for the secondary lining of the tunnel section: After the construction of the secondary lining, monitoring points are deployed on the selected monitoring and measurement sections of the secondary lining.

[0048] 11) Tunnel secondary lining section monitoring and measurement: Section monitoring is carried out in combination with tunnel monitoring and measurement specifications and the relationship between network point displacement and time.

[0049] Figure 2 Construction diagram of network points and control units, Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional distribution map of the network tunnels. Figure 4 The diagram shows the layout of the network tunnels. The main network points A0, B0, and C0 are known coordinate points and are not on the same line in space.

[0050] Let A0 = (x A0 ,y A0 Z A0 ),B0=(x B0 ,y B0 Z B0 ),C0=(x C0 ,y C0 Z C0 The distances between each main network point and network point 1 to be tested are measured by the control unit. Let A0A1 = L. A0A1 B0A1 = L B0A1 C0A1 = L C0A1 .

[0051] Since the coordinate relationship of the midpoint in a spatial rectangular coordinate system is:

[0052] A0A1 2 =(x A1 -x A0 ) 2 +(y A1 -y A0 ) 2 +(z A1 -z A0 ) 2

[0053] B0A1 2 =(x A1 -x B0 ) 2 +(yA1 -y B0 ) 2 +(z A1 -z B0 ) 2

[0054] C0A 2 =(x A1 -x C0 ) 2 +(y A1 -y C0 ) 2 +(z A1 -z C0 ) 2

[0055] ∴ From A0A1 2 -B0A1 2 ,A0A1 2 -C0A 2 ,B0A1 2 -C0A 2 Simplifying gives:

[0056] A0A1 2 -B0A1 2 =2x A1 (x B0 -x A0 )+2y A1 (y B0 -y A0 )+2z A1 (z B0 -z A0 )+(x A0 2 -x B0 2 +y A0 2 -y B0 2 +z A0 2 -z B0 2 )

[0057] A0A1 2 -C0A 2 =2x A1 (x C0 -x A0 )+2y A1 (y C0 -y A0 )+2z A1 (z C0 -z A0 )+(x A0 2-x C0 2 +y A0 2 -y C0 2 +z A0 2 -z C0 2 )

[0058] B0A1 2 -C0A 2 =2x A1 (x C0 -x B0 )+2y A1 ( y C0 -y B0 )+2z A1 ( z C0 -z B0 )+(x B0 2 -x C0 2 +y B0 2 -y C0 2 +z B0 2 -z C0 2 )

[0059] Change:

[0060] 2(x B0 -x A0 )x A1 +2(y B0 -y A0 )y A1 +2(z B0 -z A0 )z A1 =A0A1 2 -B0A1 2 -(x A0 2 -x B0 2 +y A0 2 -y B0 2 +z A0 2 -z B0 2 )

[0061] 2(x C0 -x A0 )x A1 +2(yC0 -y A0 )y A1 +2(z C0 -z A0 )z A1 =A0A1 2 -C0A 2 -(x A0 2 -x C0 2 +y A0 2 -y C0 2 +z A0 2 -z C0 2 )

[0062] 2(x C0 -x B0 )x A1 +2(y C0 -y B0 )y A1 +2(z C0 -z B0 )z A1 =B0A1 2 -C0A 2 -(x B0 2 -x C0 2 +y B0 2 -y C0 2 +z B0 2 -z C0 2 )

[0063] ∵ Let:

[0064] a 11 =2(x B0 -x A0 ),a 12 =2(y B0 -y A0 ),a 13 =2(z B0 -z A0 )

[0065] a 21 =2(x C0 -x A0 ),a 22 =2(y C0 -y A0 ),a 23= 2(z C0 - z A0 )

[0066] a 31 = 2(x C0 - x B0 ), a 32 = 2(y C0 - y B0 ), a 33 = 2(z C0 - z B0 )

[0067] b1 = A0A1 2 - B0A1 2 -(x A0 2 - x B0 2 + y A0 2 - y B0 2 + z A0 2 - z B0 2 )

[0068] b2 = A0A1 2 - C0A 2 -(x A0 2 - x C0 2 + y A0 2 - y C0 2 + z A0 2 - z C0 2 )

[0069] b3 = B0A1 2 - C0A 2 -(x B0 2 - x C0 2 + y B0 2 - y C0 2 + z B0 2 - z C0 2 )

[0070] ∴ The original equation is obtained:

[0071]

[0072] Since we have by Cramer's rule:

[0073]

[0074] ∴

[0075] In summary: A1, B1, C1, D1, and E1 can be measured separately. Then, A2, B2, C2, D2, and E2 can be obtained from A1, B1, C1, D1, and E1, and so on, to obtain A. N B N C N D N E N .

[0076] The system and method described in this invention can achieve real-time monitoring and measurement around the clock, automated data acquisition, result analysis, and early warning display, enabling real-time monitoring of surrounding rock dynamics, accumulation of raw data, and provision of raw data analysis basis for subsequent construction. Through this system and method, the following can be achieved: automatic monitoring and measurement frequency, reducing tunnel monitoring and measurement construction costs; real-time monitoring and early warning of tunnel construction, guiding tunnel construction; software analysis and data collection for visual display, making monitoring intuitive; and not only for monitoring and early warning of tunnel construction, but also for monitoring during tunnel operation, providing safety assurance for operating tunnels.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel automated real-time monitoring and measurement system, characterized in that: The system includes measurement modules, signal transmission modules, signal receiving modules, control units, data analysis and processing units, and display units distributed across various monitoring and measurement sections of the tunnel. The measurement modules are distributed across various monitoring and measurement sections of the tunnel in a network pattern. The control unit controls the measurement modules to transmit and receive measurement signals through the signal transmission and signal receiving modules, and sends the data to the data analysis and processing unit. The data analysis and processing unit analyzes the distance between the measurement modules at each network point using a three-dimensional coordinate point algorithm to obtain the coordinate information of each network point measurement module, and combines the network point coordinate information to verify and achieve the monitoring purpose. The display unit shows the data analysis results and monitoring results; In this system, at least three main network point measurement modules are arranged outside the tunnel entrance, and the three main network point measurement modules cannot be on the same straight line in space; This system analyzes monitoring data to automatically monitor the tunnel in real time. The monitoring elements include, but are not limited to, observations inside and outside the tunnel, surrounding displacement, arch subsidence, surface subsidence, and arch foot subsidence. The operation of the tunnel automated real-time monitoring and measurement system is achieved through the following steps: 1) Deployment of main network points: At least three main network points shall be set up outside the tunnel entrance, and the three main network points shall not be on the same straight line in space; 2) Main network point coordinate measurement: The coordinates of the deployed main network points are measured; 3) Tunnel lining excavation: Tunnel lining construction; 4) Deployment of monitoring points on the tunnel lining section: After the construction of the primary lining, monitoring points are deployed on the selected monitoring and measurement sections. 5) Automatic distance measurement at main network points or measuring points: Distance measurement between measuring points and main network points is scheduled through a control unit; 6) Distance measurement data collection and analysis: Derive the spatial coordinates of the measuring points by measuring the distance between the main network points and the measuring points, and analyze the relationship between the spatial coordinate displacement and time of the measuring points; 7) Tunnel lining section monitoring and measurement: Section monitoring is carried out in accordance with tunnel monitoring and measurement specifications and the spatial coordinate displacement and time relationship of measuring points; 8) Tunnel secondary lining excavation: Tunnel secondary lining construction; 9) The original primary lining section of the tunnel was removed: the original monitoring points for the primary lining section were removed; 10) Deployment of measuring points for the secondary lining of the tunnel section: After the construction of the secondary lining, measuring points are deployed on the selected monitoring and measurement sections of the secondary lining. 11) Monitoring and measurement of tunnel secondary lining cross section: Cross section monitoring is carried out in combination with tunnel monitoring and measurement specifications and the spatial coordinate displacement and time relationship of measuring points.

2. The tunnel automated real-time monitoring and measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automated real-time monitoring and measurement system also includes an early warning unit, which performs real-time monitoring and early warning of tunnel construction based on the analysis results of the monitoring data.

3. A method using the tunnel automated real-time monitoring and measurement system as described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

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