Broadband high-gain omni-directional antenna and communication device

Abstract

The application discloses a broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna and communication equipment. The broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna comprises upper and lower antenna units located on a straight line, the upper and lower antenna units are of the same size and have a common polarization axis; a combiner is arranged between the upper and lower antenna units, a first coaxial line is connected to the combiner by penetrating the lower antenna unit from a feed port located below the lower antenna unit, an inner conductor of the first coaxial line is connected to the feed port and a combining port of the combiner, and an outer conductor of the first coaxial line is connected to a first branch port of the combiner; a second coaxial line is connected to a grounding point located above the upper antenna unit by penetrating the upper antenna unit from the combiner, an outer conductor of the second coaxial line is connected to a second branch port of the combiner, and an inner conductor of the second coaxial line is connected to the grounding point. The broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna and the communication equipment provided by the embodiment of the application provide a broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the antenna technology, and particularly to a wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna and a communication device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The omnidirectional antenna generally refers to the antenna uniformly radiating in each direction in the horizontal direction, but the omnidirectional radiation of the omnidirectional antenna will result in limited gain. In order to improve the gain of the omnidirectional antenna, a plurality of same antenna units can be connected together through a combiner, so as to improve the gain. However, the plurality of antenna units need to be located on the same axis, and the feed line for feeding each antenna unit will have an impact on the radiation performance of the antenna unit near the feed line. How to improve the radiation performance of the omnidirectional antenna is a problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna and a communication device, and provides an omnidirectional antenna with high bandwidth and high gain.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna, comprising:

[0005] The upper antenna unit and the lower antenna unit are located on a straight line, the upper antenna unit and the lower antenna unit are of the same size, and the upper antenna unit and the lower antenna unit have a co-polarization axis;

[0006] The combiner is arranged between the upper antenna unit and the lower antenna unit, the first coaxial line passes through the inside of the lower antenna unit and is connected to the combiner through a feed port arranged below the lower antenna unit, the inner conductor of the first coaxial line is connected to the feed port and a combining port of the combiner, and the outer conductor of the first coaxial line is connected to a first branch port of the combiner;

[0007] The second coaxial line passes through the inside of the upper antenna unit and is connected to a grounding point arranged above the upper antenna unit through the combiner, the outer conductor of the second coaxial line is connected to a second branch port of the combiner, and the inner conductor of the second coaxial line is connected to the grounding point.

[0008] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the upper antenna unit and the lower antenna unit are dipole antennas.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the combiner is a Wilkinson combiner.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the part of the upper antenna unit close to the grounding point comprises a matching medium, and the matching medium is used for impedance matching of the upper antenna unit.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the matching medium is at least two kinds of media with different dielectric constants.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the second coaxial cable is wound around two ends of the upper antenna unit to form the choke component.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first coaxial cable is wound around two ends of the lower antenna unit to form the choke component.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the upper antenna unit, the lower antenna unit and the combiner are wrapped with a non-metallic shell.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the feed port is provided with an internal thread interface, the internal thread interface is matched with an external thread structure on a base of the broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna, and when the internal thread interface is tightly connected with the external thread interface, the feed port is connected with a feed connector on the base.

[0016] In the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication device, including the broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna of any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect, and devices for realizing functions required by the communication device, and the broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna is connected with a radio frequency transceiver port of the communication device through the feed port.

[0017] The broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna and the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application set two same antenna units on the same straight line and with the same polarization axis, and set a combiner between the two antenna units, pass the coaxial cable for feeding the antenna units through the inside of the antenna units, and multiplex the inner and outer conductors of the coaxial cable, thereby increasing the physical size of the antenna, improving the bandwidth of the antenna, reducing the length of the feed line for feeding the antenna, reducing the loss caused by transmission, and reducing the influence of the feed line on the radiation performance of the antenna unit, so as to improve the gain and bandwidth of the omnidirectional antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a combiner provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of another broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 A specific structural schematic diagram of a broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended for the purpose of interpretation of the application and are not limiting to the application. In addition, it should be noted that only the parts related to the application are shown in the drawings for the purpose of description.

[0023] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of a broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna provided by an embodiment of the application is shown in FIG. 1. The broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiment includes: Figure 1

[0024] The upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 are located on a straight line, the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 have the same size, and the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 have the same polarization axis.

[0025] The combiner 13 is located between the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12, the first coaxial line 14 is connected to the combiner 13 by passing through the inside of the lower antenna unit 12 from the feed port 15 located below the lower antenna unit 12, the inner conductor of the first coaxial line 14 is connected to the combining port 21 of the combiner 13 and the feed port 15, and the outer conductor of the first coaxial line 14 is connected to the first branch port 22 of the combiner 13.

[0026] The second coaxial line 16 is connected to the grounding point 17 located above the upper antenna unit 11 by passing through the inside of the upper antenna unit 11 from the combiner 13, the outer conductor of the second coaxial line 16 is connected to the second branch port 23 of the combiner 13, and the inner conductor of the second coaxial line 16 is connected to the grounding point 17.

[0027] The upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 have the same size, that is, the radiation performance of the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 is the same. The upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 are located on a straight line and have the same polarization axis, so the radiation directions of the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 are the same, and the radiation energy of the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 can be combined to improve the gain of the entire antenna composed of the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12. At the same time, when the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 are placed on a straight line, the overall size of the antenna is increased, and the bandwidth of the antenna can also be improved. The upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 are connected to the first coaxial line 14 through the combiner 13, and the first coaxial line 14 is connected to the combiner 13 and the feed port 15 as the feeder of the entire omnidirectional antenna. The feed port 15 is connected to the radio frequency transceiver port of various communication devices as the interface of the entire omnidirectional antenna.

[0028] ​The coaxial line is composed of an outer conductor, an inner conductor and a filling medium between the inner conductor and the outer conductor. In a conventional coaxial line, the outer conductor is grounded and the inner conductor transmits radio frequency signals. In the present embodiment, the inner and outer conductors of the coaxial line are multiplexed. First, the first coaxial line 14 connects the feed port 15 and the combining port 21 of the combiner 13. The connection is made through the inner conductor of the first coaxial line 14, i.e. the inner conductor of the first coaxial line 14 connects the feed port 15 and the combining port 21 of the combiner 13. Then the first branch port 22 of the combiner 13 is connected to the outer conductor of the first coaxial line 14, i.e. the outer conductor of the first coaxial line 14 feeds the lower antenna unit 12. Since the first coaxial line 14 passes through the interior of the lower antenna unit 12 and the inner and outer conductors of the first coaxial line 14 are multiplexed, the outer conductor of the first coaxial line 14 is used to feed the lower antenna unit 12, thereby avoiding the use of an extra feeder to feed the lower antenna unit 12 and reducing the interference on the lower antenna unit 12. The upper antenna unit 11 is fed by the second coaxial line 16 which passes through the interior of the upper antenna unit 11 and is used to feed the upper antenna unit 11. The second coaxial line 16 also uses the outer conductor to feed the upper antenna unit 11, i.e. the outer conductor of the second coaxial line 16 is connected to the second branch port 23 of the combiner 13 and extends towards the upper antenna unit 11. The inner conductor of the second coaxial line 16 is used for grounding and is connected to the grounding point 17 at the end of the upper antenna unit 11.

[0029] The wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna provided in the present embodiment is used to improve the gain and bandwidth of the antenna and uses the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 which have the same size. Therefore, the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 should be in the same working state and the energy radiated by the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 should be the same. Then the signal combination and branching of the combining port 21 to the first branch port 22 and the second branch port 23 of the combiner 13 should be average, i.e. the signal input into the combining port 21 is evenly distributed to the first branch port 22 and the second branch port 23.

[0030] The combiner 13 can be a 3dB combiner, i.e. the signal strength of the signals input into the first branch port 22 and the second branch port 23 of the combiner 13 is increased by 3dB after the signals are combined at the combining port 21, i.e. the signal strength is doubled. Correspondingly, the signal strength of the signals input into the combining port 21 is reduced by 3dB after the signals are output from the first branch port 22 and the second branch port 23, i.e. the signal strength is halved. The combiner 13 is, for example, a Wilkinson combiner.

[0031] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a combiner provided in the present embodiment is shown in Figure 2As shown, the combiner 13 is composed of a dielectric substrate 24, a metal transmission line on the dielectric substrate 24, a combiner port 21, a first shunt port 22, a second shunt port 23 and a combiner housing 25. The dielectric substrate 24 is, for example, a polytetrafluoroethylene substrate. The dielectric substrate 24 can be one piece, and the metal transmission line on the dielectric substrate 24 is in a microstrip line structure; or the dielectric substrate 24 can be two pieces, and the metal transmission line is between the two pieces of dielectric substrate 24, in which case the metal transmission line is in a stripline structure. The width and length of the metal transmission line from the combiner port 21 to the first shunt port 22 are the same as the width and length of the metal transmission line from the combiner port 21 to the second shunt port 23. Figure 2 The structure of the combiner shown is only one possible implementation.

[0032] The upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 can be any form of wire antenna, and the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 are omnidirectional antennas, for example, the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 can be dipole antennas. The upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 are each composed of two radiators. The two radiators of the upper antenna unit 11 can be connected by an upper fixed support 18, and the two radiators of the lower antenna unit 12 can be connected by a lower fixed support 19. The upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12 can be connected by an intermediate fixed support 10, and the combiner 13 is arranged on the intermediate fixed support 10. The upper fixed support 18, the lower fixed support 19 and the intermediate fixed support 10 can be supports made of non-metallic materials, so as to reduce the influence on the radiation performance of the upper antenna unit 11 and the lower antenna unit 12.

[0033] The wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application arranges two identical antenna units on the same straight line and along the co-polarization axis, and arranges a combiner between the two antenna units. The coaxial line for feeding the antenna units passes through the inside of the antenna units, and the inner and outer conductors of the coaxial line are multiplexed. The physical size of the antenna is increased, the bandwidth of the antenna is improved, the length of the feeder for feeding the antenna is reduced, the loss caused by transmission is reduced, the influence of the feeder on the radiation performance of the antenna units is reduced, and thus the gain and the bandwidth of the omnidirectional antenna are improved.

[0034] Figure 3 Another structure diagram of a wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 4. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 4, the wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes the following structure on the basis of the omnidirectional antenna shown in FIG. 3. Figure 1

[0035] The part of the upper antenna unit 11 close to the grounding point 17 includes a matching medium 31, and the matching medium 31 is used for impedance matching of the upper antenna unit 11.

[0036] ​The second coaxial cable 16 passes through the upper antenna element 11 and is grounded at the grounding point 17 at the end of the upper antenna element 11. The inner conductor of the second coaxial cable 16 is used to connect to the grounding point 17, and the outer conductor of the second coaxial cable 16 is used to feed the upper antenna element 11. Therefore, the portion of the upper antenna element 11 near the grounding point 17 may experience impedance mismatch due to grounding. Thus, a matching dielectric 31 can be placed in the portion of the upper antenna element 11 near the grounding point 17 to perform impedance matching for the upper antenna element 11.

[0037] To improve the matching performance of the upper antenna element 11, the matching medium 31 can be at least two media with different dielectric constants, such as the first matching medium 32 and the second matching medium 33 shown in the figure.

[0038] Furthermore, the second coaxial cable 17 is wound around both ends of the upper antenna unit 11 to form choke components. As shown in the figure, the second coaxial cable 17 is wound around the upper end of the upper antenna unit 11 to form a first choke coil 34, and the second coaxial cable 17 is wound around the lower end of the upper antenna unit 11 to form a second choke coil 35.

[0039] Furthermore, the first coaxial cable 14 is wound around both ends of the lower antenna unit 12 to form choke components. As shown in the figure, the first coaxial cable 14 is wound around the upper end of the lower antenna unit 12 to form a third choke coil 36, and the first coaxial cable 14 is wound around the lower end of the lower antenna unit 12 to form a fourth choke coil 37.

[0040] Furthermore, the feed port 15 has an internal thread interface on its outer side, which matches the external thread structure on the base 38 where the broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna is mounted. When the internal thread interface and the external thread interface are tightly connected, the feed port 15 is connected to the feed connector on the base 38. Since the entire broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna is relatively long, for ease of carrying and transportation, the entire antenna can adopt a quick-release structure. That is, an internal thread structure is provided on the outer side of the feed port 15, and the entire antenna is connected to the base 38 using a threaded connection. The base 38 can consist of a flange 41, a base pad 42, and a drum spring 43. The upper end of the drum spring 43 has an external thread structure 44.

[0041] Furthermore, the upper antenna element 11, lower antenna element 12, and combiner 13 in the broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna provided in this embodiment of the invention can be wrapped with a non-metallic shell, such as fiberglass.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna includes:

[0044] The upper antenna upper radiator 51 and the upper antenna lower radiator 52 are fixedly connected together through the upper fixed support 53, and the upper antenna upper radiator 51 and the upper antenna lower radiator 52 jointly constitute an upper antenna unit, which is a dipole antenna. The lower antenna upper radiator 54 and the lower antenna lower radiator 55 are fixedly connected together through the lower fixed support 56, and the lower antenna upper radiator 54 and the lower antenna lower radiator 55 jointly constitute a lower antenna unit, which is a dipole antenna. The upper antenna lower radiator 52 and the lower antenna upper radiator 54 are fixedly connected together through the intermediate fixed support 57, and the intermediate fixed support 57 is provided with a combiner 58.

[0045] One end of the inner conductor of the first coaxial line 59 is connected with the feeding port 50, the first coaxial line 59 extends upward from the feeding port 50, passes through the lower antenna lower radiator 55 and the lower antenna upper radiator 54, and the other end of the inner conductor of the first coaxial line 59 is connected with the combiner port of the combiner 58. The first branch port of the combiner 58 is connected with the outer conductor of the first coaxial line 59, and the second branch port of the combiner 58 is connected with the outer conductor of the second coaxial line 61. The second coaxial line 61 extends upward from the second branch port of the combiner 58, passes through the upper antenna lower radiator 52 and the upper antenna upper radiator 51 to reach a grounding point located at the upper end of the upper antenna upper radiator 51, and the inner conductor of the second coaxial line 61 is connected with the grounding point. The broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna is fed to the combiner 58 through the inner conductor of the first coaxial line 59, the outer conductor of the first coaxial line 59 is fed to the lower antenna unit, and the outer conductor of the second coaxial line 61 is fed to the upper antenna unit, so as to realize the feeding of the entire antenna.

[0046] The first choke coil 62 is formed by winding the second coaxial line 61 at the upper end of the upper antenna upper radiator 51, and the second choke coil 63 is formed by winding the second coaxial line 61 at the lower end of the upper antenna lower radiator 52. The third choke coil 64 is formed by winding the first coaxial line 59 at the upper end of the lower antenna upper radiator 54, and the fourth choke coil 65 is formed by winding the first coaxial line 59 at the lower end of the lower antenna lower radiator 55.

[0047] A first matching medium and a second matching medium (not shown in the figure) are arranged at the upper antenna upper radiator 51, and the dielectric constants of the first matching medium and the second matching medium are different. The first matching medium and the second matching medium can be arranged in a matching copper pipe which is located inside the upper antenna upper radiator, and the second coaxial line 59 passes through the matching copper pipe. An enclosed end 66 is further arranged at the upper end of the upper antenna upper radiator 51. In addition, a protective layer made of non-metallic material, such as a glass fiber reinforced plastic shell 67, can be wrapped around the entire wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna. In order to avoid the influence of the wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna rear base on the antenna radiation performance, a support frame 67 can be arranged between the lower antenna lower radiator 55 and the feed port 50, and the support frame 67 can be made of non-metallic material. A choke support 68 can be further arranged between the support frame 67 and the lower antenna lower radiator 55. The feed port 50 can be any type of connector connected with the feed connector arranged on the base. An internal threaded interface is arranged outside the feed port 50, which matches with the external threaded interface arranged on the base. A protective sleeve 69 can be further arranged outside the feed port 50.

[0048] The embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, comprising Figures 1 to 4 The wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna shown in any embodiment and the devices required for realizing the functions of the communication device are connected with the radio frequency transceiver port of the communication device through the feed port. The communication device provided by the embodiment of the present application can be a device which needs to perform omnidirectional radiation, such as a radio station.

[0049] It should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles applied. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and can include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A broadband high gain omni antenna, characterized by, The application comprises: upper and lower antenna units located on a straight line, the upper and lower antenna units are of the same size, and the upper and lower antenna units have common polarization axes; a combiner between the upper and lower antenna units, the combiner is composed of a dielectric substrate, a metal transmission line on the dielectric substrate, a combiner port, a first shunt port, a second shunt port, and a combiner shell, the width and length of the metal transmission line from the combiner port to the first shunt port are the same as the width and length of the metal transmission line from the combiner port to the second shunt port, and the signal input from the combiner port is evenly distributed to the first shunt port and the second shunt port; a first coaxial line connected to the combiner by passing through the inside of the lower antenna unit from a feed port located below the lower antenna unit, the inner conductor of the first coaxial line is connected to the feed port and the combiner port of the combiner, and the outer conductor of the first coaxial line is connected to the first shunt port of the combiner; a second coaxial line connected to a grounding point located above the upper antenna unit by passing through the inside of the upper antenna unit from the combiner, the outer conductor of the second coaxial line is connected to the second shunt port of the combiner, and the inner conductor of the second coaxial line is connected to the grounding point.

2. The wideband high-gain omni antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower antenna units are dipole antennas.

3. The wideband high-gain omni antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combiner is a Wilkinson combiner.

4. The broadband high-gain omni-directional antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The part of the upper antenna unit close to the grounding point includes a matching medium for impedance matching of the upper antenna unit.

5. The wideband high-gain omni antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The matching medium is at least two media with different dielectric constants.

6. The broadband high-gain omni-directional antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The second coaxial line is wound to form a choke component at both ends of the upper antenna unit.

7. The wideband high-gain omni antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first coaxial line is wound to form a choke component at both ends of the lower antenna unit.

8. The broadband high-gain omni-directional antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The upper and lower antenna units and the combiner are wrapped with a non-metallic shell outside.

9. The broadband high-gain omni-directional antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, An inner threaded interface is provided outside the feed port, which matches an outer threaded structure on a base for mounting the broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna, and when the inner threaded interface is tightly connected with the outer threaded interface, the feed port is connected with a feed connector on the base.

10. A communication device, characterized by The application comprises a broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, and devices for realizing the required functions of the communication equipment, and the broadband high-gain omnidirectional antenna is connected with the radio frequency transceiver port of the communication equipment through a feed port.

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