A flower bud sorting method for determining the differentiation and development of amaryllis flower buds

Abstract

The invention discloses a flower bud sorting method for determining the differentiation and development of amaryllis flower buds, comprising the following steps: bulb dissection, recording and drawing, making a flower bud sorting table, a flower bud development line graph, and a flower bud size and development state table. This method can determine the flower bud differentiation time, differentiation number and flower bud differentiation and development process, and provides a technical basis for cultivation and flowering period regulation. The invention is suitable for field cultivation of amaryllis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for sorting flower buds in cultivated amaryllis bulbs. Background Art

[0002] Hippeastrum vittatum, also known as Duihong, Huaweilan, Honghualian, Baizhilian, belongs to the genus Hippeastrum of the Amaryllis family. It is native to South America and South Africa. It is a perennial herb with a nearly spherical bulb and can bloom with a diameter of about 5-10 cm. The leaves are green, ribbon-shaped, and grow from the bulb in two rows, about 10-90 cm long and about 2-5 cm wide at the base. The flower stalk also grows out of the bulb, which is green and sturdy, hollow, and the inflorescence grows at the top of the flower stalk, trumpet-shaped, with 2-6 small flowers, blooming in pairs. Hippeastrum was introduced to Europe in 1633. During the period from 1912 to 1949, China had potted Hippeastrum for viewing in Nanjing, Shanghai and other places. In 1970, my country began to plant it in the open air around the courtyard in the south. There are many horticultural varieties of Amaryllis, with large flowers, bright colors, and rich shapes. The colors include red, white, pink, green, and mixed colors, and the flower shapes include single petals and double petals. It is a precious flower with high ornamental value and is deeply loved by people.

[0003] The flowering bulb of Amaryllis generally contains more than 20 scales and 5-9 flower stems (flower buds), and the old and new scales and flower stems (flower buds) are constantly replaced over and over again. The bulb contains multiple flower stems or flower buds, and they are in different developmental states. There is currently a lack of a method to determine the differentiation and development of flower buds, which leads to confusion in the understanding of the differentiation and development of flower buds. In order to determine the development of Amaryllis flower buds, scholars at home and abroad have conducted some useful research. In 1932, Dutch scholar Blaauw drew a cross-section of the bulb, showing the flower buds in the bulb. Yan Fang performed a bulb dissection and displayed the flower buds in the bulb. Li Xin dissected the bulb and also made an inflorescence growth table. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for determining the flower bud differentiation and development of Amaryllis through long-term and large-scale bulb dissection experiments. The method can determine the flower bud differentiation time, differentiation times and flower bud differentiation and development process, and provides a technical basis for cultivation and flowering period regulation. The present invention is suitable for field cultivation of Amaryllis.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a flower bud sorting method for determining the development of amaryllis flower buds, comprising the following steps: bulb dissection, recording and drawing, making a flower bud sorting table, a flower bud development line graph, and a flower bud size and development status table.

[0006] The first step is to dig out the bulbs of Amaryllis grown in the field, cut off the roots of the bulbs, remove the soil and the outer layer of dry scales, and set them aside for dissection.

[0007] The second step is to place the bulb vertically on the table, use a blade to shallowly cut the scales, put on thin rubber gloves, and peel off the scales layer by layer by hand, observe the location of the flower stem or flower bud, generally after peeling off three circles of scales, there will be a less than half circle of scales, and a scape or flower bud will grow inside the less than half circle of scales, cut off the base of the flower bud with a knife, and take out the flower bud. Then continue to cut the scales with a knife, continue to peel the scales by hand, and take out the flower buds, until young scales appear, cut off the excess part of the bulb disk, and continue to peel the scales by hand under the dissecting microscope to take out the flower buds, until the flower buds and young leaves are no longer visible under the dissecting microscope.

[0008] The third step is to record the number of scales, leaves, young leaves, persistent flower stems, current year flower stems, aborted flower buds, and flower buds of the dissected bulbs, measure the sizes of leaves, young leaves, persistent flower stems, current year flower stems, aborted flower buds, and flower buds with a ruler and vernier caliper, and draw a schematic diagram of the bulb dissection (see Figure 1 ).

[0009] Step 4: Dig out and dissect bulbs from the field every month according to the above method, record, measure and draw a graph for one year, arrange the dissected months in horizontal rows, and arrange the flower buds with the same serial number in the same vertical column (see Tables 1-1 and 1-2);

[0010] The method for determining the flower bud serial number is as follows: during the growing season of Amaryllis, from March to October of the same year, the first flower bud contained in the outer scales of the scales with leaves in the bulb (i.e., the scales without leaves) is recorded as the -1 flower bud, the second flower bud to the outer layer of the bulb is recorded as the -2 flower bud, and so on, as the -3 flower bud and the -4 flower bud (see Table 1-1); the first flower bud contained in the inner scales of the scales with leaves in the bulb is recorded as the 1 flower bud, the second flower bud to the inner layer of the bulb is recorded as the 2 flower bud, and so on, as the 3 flower bud and the 4 flower bud (see Table 1-2);

[0011] During the wintering season of Amaryllis, from November of the current year to February of the following year, the first flower bud contained in the outer scales of the bulb with young leaves is recorded as flower bud No. -1, the second flower bud toward the outer layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. -2, and so on, they are recorded as flower buds No. -3 and -4 (see Table 1-1); the first flower bud contained in the inner scales of the bulb with young leaves is recorded as flower bud No. 1, the second flower bud toward the inner layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. 2, and so on, they are recorded as flower buds No. 3 and 4 (see Table 1-2).

[0012] Step 5: Make a line graph of flower bud length and dissection date according to Table 1-2 ( Figure 2 ). Observe flower buds of different sizes under a dissecting microscope and record the differentiation status of flower buds (see Table 3). Figure 2 , Tables 1-2 and 3, we can clearly see the time of flower bud differentiation, the number of differentiations and the process of flower differentiation development.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects

[0014] 1. The present invention uses a diagrammatic method of dissection, drawing and flower bud sorting to cleverly solve the difficult problem of flower bud differentiation and development inside the bulb of Amaryllis.

[0015] 2. The paraffin section method can make permanent sections of flower buds, and can only be used for flower bud differentiation observation, but the paraffin section operation is complicated, the experimental cycle is long, and the labor is large. The method of the present invention is simple to operate, has obvious effects, can clearly reflect the state of each flower bud in the bulb and the flower bud development process, and can determine the flower bud differentiation time, differentiation number and development process.

[0016] 3. The chart clearly shows the differentiation and development status of Amaryllis flower buds, and clarifies the number of flower bud differentiation, differentiation time and flower bud development process. It helps people to regulate the flowering period of Amaryllis cultivation, helps people to master the development process of bulbs and flower buds, and thus fully understand the cultivation of Amaryllis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anatomy of the bulb of Amaryllis; the lines arranged from top to bottom in the figure represent the scales from the outer layer to the inner layer of the bulb. 1. Long line segment: a full circle of scales; 2. Short line segment: a half circle of scales; 3. Dotted line: flower stem or flower bud;

[0018] Figure 2 is the line between the length of the flower bud and the date of dissection Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 3 is the line between the length of the flower bud and the date of dissection Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 4 It is field-cultivated Amaryllis;

[0021] Figure 5 It is field-cultivated Amaryllis;

[0022] Figure 6 It is the bulb of Amaryllis;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a longitudinal section of the Amaryllis bulb;

[0024] Figure 8 It is the bulb anatomical scale;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is the flower stem or flower bud in the bulb;

[0026] Fig.10 It is the flower stem or flower bud in the bulb. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The flower stems (flower buds) in the bulb are divided into: persistent flower stems, aborted flower buds, current year flower stems, and flower buds.

[0028] Persistent flower stems: After the flower stem blooms, it slowly wilts and dries up, leaving part of the flower stem in the scales. Aborted flower buds: The flower buds stop differentiating and developing, become dehydrated and dry until they die.

[0029] Flower stems of the current year: scapes that bloom within the year of bulb dissection.

[0030] Flower bud: a flower that is in the process of differentiation and development, wrapped in the bulb, and has not yet grown out of the bulb. Leaves are divided into leaves and young leaves.

[0031] Leaves: Leaves grow in strips extending out of the bulb.

[0032] Juvenile leaves: Small leaves that have not grown out of the bulb and are wrapped in scales.

[0033] The invention is suitable for field cultivation of amaryllis, and flowering amaryllis with similar bulb sizes under the same cultivation conditions.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Planting location: Old area of ​​Xi'an Botanical Garden, Shaanxi Province

[0036] Experimental period: 2017-2018

[0037] The flower bud sorting method for determining the differentiation and development of Amaryllis flower buds comprises the following steps:

[0038] The first step is to dig out the bulbs of Amaryllis grown in the field, cut off the roots of the bulbs, remove the soil and the outer layer of dry scales, and set them aside for dissection.

[0039] The second step is to place the bulb vertically on the table, use a blade to shallowly cut the scales, put on thin rubber gloves, and peel off the scales layer by layer by hand, observe the location of the flower stem or flower bud, generally after peeling off three circles of scales, there will be a less than half circle of scales, and a scape or flower bud will grow inside the less than half circle of scales, cut off the base of the flower bud with a knife, and take out the flower bud. Then continue to cut the scales with a knife, continue to peel the scales by hand, and take out the flower buds, until young scales appear, cut off the excess part of the bulb disk, and continue to peel the scales by hand under the dissecting microscope to take out the flower buds, until the flower buds and young leaves are no longer visible under the dissecting microscope.

[0040] The third step is to record the number of scales, leaves, young leaves, persistent flower stems, current year flower stems, aborted flower buds, and flower buds of the dissected bulbs, measure the sizes of leaves, young leaves, persistent flower stems, current year flower stems, aborted flower buds, and flower buds with a ruler and vernier caliper, and draw a schematic diagram of the bulb composition (e.g. Figure 1 )

[0041] Step 4: Dig bulbs from the field every month according to the above method, dissect the bulbs, record, measure and draw pictures for one year. Arrange the dissected months in horizontal rows, and arrange the flower stems or flower buds with the same number in the same vertical column (see Table 1-1 and Table 1-2).

[0042] The method for determining the flower bud serial number is as follows: during the growing season of Amaryllis, from March to October of the same year, the first flower bud contained in the outer scales of the scales with leaves in the bulb (i.e., the scales without leaves) is recorded as flower bud No. -1, the second flower bud to the outer layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. -2, and so on, as flower buds No. -3 and No. -4 (see Table 1-1); the first flower bud contained in the inner scales of the scales with leaves in the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. 1, the second flower bud to the inner layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. 2, and so on, as flower buds No. 3 and No. 4 (see Table 1-2).

[0043] During the wintering season of Amaryllis, from November of the current year to February of the following year, the first flower bud contained in the outer scales of the bulb with young leaves is recorded as flower bud No. -1, the second flower bud toward the outer layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. -2, and so on, they are recorded as flower buds No. -3 and -4 (see Table 1-1); the first flower bud contained in the inner scales of the bulb with young leaves is recorded as flower bud No. 1, the second flower bud toward the inner layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. 2, and so on, they are recorded as flower buds No. 3 and 4 (see Table 1-2).

[0044] Step 5: Make a line graph of flower bud length versus dissection date based on Table 1-2 ( Figure 2 ). The line graph clearly shows the time of flower bud differentiation, the number of differentiations and the development process.

[0045] Figure 2 Tables 1-2 and 3 clearly show that flower buds in the bulb differentiate twice a year, in February and July respectively. It takes about 27 months from the beginning of differentiation to flowering of flower bud No. 3, and about 22 months from the beginning of differentiation to flowering of flower bud No. 4.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Planting location: Old area of ​​Xi'an Botanical Garden, Shaanxi Province

[0048] Experimental time: 2015

[0049] The flower bud sorting method for determining the differentiation and development of Amaryllis flower buds comprises the following steps:

[0050] The first step is to dig out the bulbs of Amaryllis grown in the field, cut off the roots of the bulbs, remove the soil and the outer layer of dry scales, and set them aside for dissection.

[0051] The second step is to place the bulb vertically on the table, use a blade to shallowly cut the scales, put on thin rubber gloves, and peel off the scales layer by layer by hand, observe the location of the flower stem or flower bud, generally after peeling off three circles of scales, there will be a less than half circle of scales, and a scape or flower bud will grow inside the less than half circle of scales, cut off the base of the flower bud with a knife, and take out the flower bud. Then continue to cut the scales with a knife, continue to peel the scales by hand, and take out the flower buds, until young scales appear, cut off the excess part of the bulb disk, and continue to peel the scales by hand under the dissecting microscope to take out the flower buds, until the flower buds and young leaves are no longer visible under the dissecting microscope.

[0052] The third step is to record the number of scales, leaves, young leaves, persistent flower stems, current year flower stems, aborted flower buds, and flower buds of the dissected bulbs, measure the sizes of leaves, young leaves, persistent flower stems, current year flower stems, aborted flower buds, and flower buds with a ruler and vernier caliper, and draw a schematic diagram of the bulb composition (e.g. Figure 1 )

[0053] Step 4: Dig bulbs from the field every month according to the above method, dissect the bulbs, record, measure and draw pictures for one year. Arrange the dissected months in horizontal rows, and arrange the flower stems or flower buds with the same number in the same vertical column (see Table 2-1 and Table 2-2).

[0054] The method for determining the flower bud serial number is as follows: during the growing season of Amaryllis, from March to October of the same year, the first flower bud contained in the outer scales of the scales with leaves in the bulb (i.e. the scales without leaves) is recorded as flower bud No. -1, the second flower bud to the outer layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. -2, and so on, as flower buds No. -3 and No. -4 (see Table 2-1); the first flower bud contained in the inner scales of the scales with leaves in the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. 1, the second flower bud to the inner layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. 2, and so on, as flower buds No. 3 and No. 4 (see Table 2-2).

[0055] During the wintering season of Amaryllis, from November of the current year to February of the following year, the first flower bud contained in the outer scales of the bulb with young leaves is recorded as flower bud No. -1, the second flower bud toward the outer layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. -2, and so on, they are recorded as flower buds No. -3 and -4 (see Table 2-1). The first flower bud contained in the inner scales of the bulb with young leaves is recorded as flower bud No. 1, the second flower bud toward the inner layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. 2, and so on, they are recorded as flower buds No. 3 and 4 (see Table 2-2).

[0056] Step 5: Make a line graph of flower bud length versus dissection date based on Table 2-2 ( Figure 3 ), the line graph clearly shows the time of flower bud differentiation, number of differentiations and development process.

[0057] Figure 3Table 2-2 and Table 3 clearly show that the flower buds in the bulb differentiate twice a year, in February and August respectively. It takes about 27 months from the beginning of differentiation to flowering of flower bud No. 3, and it takes about 21 months from the beginning of differentiation to flowering of flower bud No. 4.

[0058] Table 1-1 Sorting table of flower buds in bulbs

[0059] date Bulb diameter -No.4 flower bud Flower bud size (cm) -No.3 flower bud Flower bud size (cm) -No.2 flower bud Flower bud size (cm) -No.1 flower bud Flower bud size (cm) 2017.2.27 7.2×7.3 Persistent flower stem 3.05×2.05 Aborted flower buds 2.6×1.2 Flower Bud 3.6×1.5 Flower Bud 2.0×1.05 2017.2.28 6.8×7.2 Aborted flower buds 1.1×0.5 Persistent flower stem 2.0×1.15 Flower Bud 3.9×1.5 Flower Bud 3.05×1.5 2017.3.28 7.4×7.4 Aborted flower buds 1.93×0.73 Persistent flower stem 4.1×2.2 Aborted flower buds 1.45×0.8 Flower Bud 4.3×1.6 2017.3.30 7.5×7.6 Aborted flower buds 0.5×0.35 Aborted flower buds 2.6×1.1 Flower Bud 6.0×2.25 2017.4.30 5.0×5.0 Aborted flower buds 1.0×0.5 Flower stems of the year 20.5×1.6 2017.5.8 8.0×6.2 Aborted flower buds 0.8×0.3 Aborted flower buds 1.93×0.73 Flower stems of the year 41.5×1.8 Flower Bud 7.1×1.0 2017.5.27 5.6×5.6 Aborted flower buds 1.6×0.7 Flower stems of the year 41.5×1.9 2017.6.8 6.1×6.4 Flower stems of the year 17×1.9 Flower stems of the year 23.8×2.0 2017.7.4 7.1×7.3 Aborted flower buds 3.65×1.15 Aborted flower buds 3.75×1.4 Persistent flower stem 51×2.1 Aborted flower buds 2.1×0.9 2017.7.5 6.7×7.3 Persistent flower stem 3.1×2.6 Persistent flower stem 3.8×2.4 Aborted flower buds 2.65×1.25 2017.8.1 7.8×8.4 Persistent flower stem Width 1.0 Persistent flower stem 2.8×2.5 Aborted flower buds 4.6×1.8 Flower Bud 3.65×1.6 2017.8.31 7.0×7.0 Aborted flower buds 5.3×2.4 Persistent flower stem 4.5×2.2 2017.9.5 6×5.9 Persistent flower stem 2.6×1.7 2017.10.3 6.9×6.9 Persistent flower stem 3.7×2.0 Persistent flower stem 2.0×2.4 Aborted flower buds 1.5×0.6 2017.10.3 6.1×6.1 Persistent flower stem 3.05×1.9 Aborted flower buds 3.2×1.0 2017.10.26 6.8×6.8 Aborted flower buds 1.1×0.6 Persistent flower stem 3.0×1.8 2017.11.3 6.8×6.8 Aborted flower buds 1.5×0.7 Aborted flower buds 2.1×1.0 2017.12.4 7.0×7.0 Aborted flower buds 2.0×0.7 Persistent flower stem 3.3×2.2 2017.12.5 6.1×6.0 Aborted flower buds 0.5×0.3 2017.12.29 7.2×7.0 Persistent flower stem 2.5×2.8 Aborted flower buds 2.5×1.3 2018.1.4 6.7×6.6 Persistent flower stem 2.8×1.15 Aborted flower buds 2.3×0.75 2018.2.28 6.7×6.7 Persistent flower stem 3.7×2.3 Persistent flower stem 2.7×2.5

[0060] Table 1-2 Sorting table of flower buds in bulbs

[0061] date Bulb diameter Flower Bud No. 1 Flower bud size (cm) Flower Bud No. 2 Flower bud size (cm) Flower Bud No. 3 Flower bud size (cm) Flower Bud No. 4 Flower bud size (cm) 2017.2.27 7.2×7.3 Flower Bud 0.4×0.3 Flower Bud 0.15×0.1 2017.2.28 6.8×7.2 Flower Bud 0.55×0.4 Flower Bud 0.2×0.17 Flower Bud 0.02×0.02 2017.3.28 7.4×7.4 Flower Bud 1.1×0.7 Flower Bud 0.3×0.2 Flower Bud 0.1×0.1 2017.3.30 7.5×7.6 Flower Bud 1.1×0.8 Flower Bud 0.4×0.35 Flower Bud 0.2×0.11 2017.4.30 5.0×5.0 Aborted flower buds 1.0×0.5 Flower Bud 0.4×0.3 Flower Bud 0.15×0.1 2017.5.8 6.0×6.2 Flower Bud 0.8×0.45 Flower Bud 0.3×0.2 Flower Bud 0.05×0.05 2017.5.27 5.6×5.6 Flower Bud 1.8×0.9 Flower Bud 0.6×0.4 Flower Bud 0.2×0.15 2017.6.8 6.1×6.4 Aborted flower buds 1.2×0.65 Flower Bud 0.5×0.3 Flower Bud 0.15×0.1 2017.7.4 7.1×7.3 Flower Bud 2.3×0.9 Flower Bud 0.7×0.4 Flower Bud 0.26×0.15 2017.7.5 6.7×7.3 Flower Bud 2.2×1.0 Flower Bud 0.95×0.6 Flower Bud 0.25×0.25 Flower Bud 0.04×0.08 2017.8.1 7.8×8.4 Flower Bud 2.5×1.1 Flower Bud 0.65×0.5 Flower Bud 0.2×0.2 Flower Bud 0.08×0.05 2017.8.31 7.0×7.0 Flower Bud 2.85×1.4 Flower Bud 1.5×0.8 Flower Bud 0.25×0.26 Flower Bud 0.15×0.15 2017.9.5 6×5.9 Aborted flower buds 1.0×0.5 Flower Bud 0.9×0.6 Flower Bud 0.3×0.2 Flower Bud 0.05×0.08 2017.10.3 6.9×6.9 Flower Bud 2.5×1.1 Flower Bud 2.05×0.9 Flower Bud 0.4×0.3 Flower Bud 0.15×0.06 2017.10.3 6.1×6.1 Flower Bud 2.2×1.0 Flower Bud 0.9×0.65 Flower Bud 0.3×0.2 Flower Bud 0.05×0.05 2017.10.26 6.8×6.8 Aborted flower buds 1.7×0.7 Flower Bud 2.2×1.0 Flower Bud 0.55×0.35 Flower Bud 0.2×0.15 2017.11.3 6.8×6.8 Flower Bud 3.1×1.25 Flower Bud 1.7×0.8 Flower Bud 0.3×0.2 Flower Bud 0.12×0.08 2017.12.4 7.0×7.0 Aborted flower buds 2.2×1.0 Flower Bud 2.45×1.03 Flower Bud 0.91×0.56 Flower Bud 0.25×0.2 2017.12.5 6.1×6.0 Aborted flower buds 1.7×0.66 Flower Bud 2.2×1.0 Flower Bud 0.4×0.3 Flower Bud 0.15×0.15 2017.12.29 7.2×7.0 Flower Bud 2.8×1.15 Flower Bud 1.4×0.7 Flower Bud 0.25×0.25 Flower Bud 0.05×0.1 2018.1.4 6.7×6.6 Flower Bud 2.7×1.0 Flower Bud 1.1×0.5 Flower Bud 0.3×0.25 Flower Bud 0.15×0.1 2018.2.28 6.7×6.7 Flower Bud 4.25×1.62 Flower Bud 3.25×1.4 Flower Bud 0.5×0.36 Flower Bud 0.2×0.18

[0062] Table 2-1 Sorting table of flower buds in bulbs

[0063] date Bulb diameter -No.4 flower bud Flower bud size (cm) -No.3 flower bud Flower bud size (cm) -No.2 flower bud Flower bud size (cm) -No.1 flower bud Flower bud size (cm) 2015.1.16 7.15×6.9 Persistent flower stem 3.9×2.75 Aborted flower buds 2.65×1.0 Flower Bud 4.6×1.6 Flower Bud 3.5×1.0 2015.2.15 7.8×8.2 Aborted flower buds 2.5×0.6 Persistent flower stem 4.7×2.3 Aborted flower buds 3.1×0.9 Flower Bud 7.1×1.6 2015.3.2 6.8×6.7 Aborted flower buds 1.3×1.2 Persistent flower stem 3.35×2.35 Aborted flower buds 2.0×0.9 Flower Bud 7.1×2.0 2015.3.18 6.0×5.9 Persistent flower stem 2.5×1.95 Aborted flower buds 1.5×0.8 Flower Bud 6.1×1.9 2015.4.5 6.0×6.1 Persistent flower stem 3.0×1.9 Flower Bud 6.4×1.6 Flower Bud 4.65×1.6 2015.4.23 6.1×5.8 Persistent flower stem 3.6×2.0 Aborted flower buds 4.7×1.9 Aborted flower buds 2.1×0.8 Flower Bud 6.1×2.15 2015.5.8 5.3×5.0 Aborted flower buds 0.6×0.3 Aborted flower buds 2.0×0.7 Flower Bud 32.5×1.1 2015.5.11 5.9×5.6 Persistent flower stem Width 2.1 Persistent flower stem 4.6×2.3 Flower Bud 34.5×1.8 Flower Bud 27×1.5 2015.6.5 5.3×5.0 Persistent flower stem 5.35×1.95 Persistent flower stem 24×1.7 Persistent flower stem 18×1.3 2015.6.19 5.7×5.7 Aborted flower buds 2.9×1.0 Aborted flower buds 1.7×0.8 Aborted flower buds 2.6×0.7 Flower Bud 3.9×1.1 2015.7.6 6.5×6.4 Persistent flower stem Width 1.6 Persistent flower stem 6.4×2.4 Flower Bud 30×1.9 Flower Bud 31×1.8 2015.7.21 5.5×5.9 Aborted flower buds Width 0.95 Aborted flower buds 2.7×0.7 Persistent flower stem 3.4×1.3 2015.8.20 6.7×6.0 Persistent flower stem 5.5×2.7 Aborted flower buds 3.1×1.3 Persistent flower stem 6.5×1.6 2015.8.21 6.3×6.35 Persistent flower stem 5.6×2.5 Persistent flower stem 5.0×1.5 2015.9.22 7.0×6.8 Persistent flower stem Width 1.4 Persistent flower stem 2.2×2.1 Aborted flower buds 2.5×0.9 2015.9.25 6.15×6.15 Aborted flower buds Width 0.9 Aborted flower buds 3.15×1.0 Persistent flower stem 3.8×2.0 2015.10.22 7.5×7.7 Aborted flower buds 1.1×0.55 2015.10.23 7.4×7.7 Persistent flower stem Width 1.7 Persistent flower stem 2.3×2.3 Aborted flower buds 2.1×1.2 2015.11.2 6.0×6.8 Aborted flower buds 1.5×0.7 Aborted flower buds 2.1×1.0 2015.11.26 6.1×6.0 Persistent flower stem Width 1.7 Persistent flower stem 20×1.5 Persistent flower stem 3.0×2.5 2015.12.3 6.7×6.9 Persistent flower stem Width 1.0 Aborted flower buds 3.8×1.2 2015.12.23 7.2×7.2 Aborted flower buds 2.3×1.0 Aborted flower buds 2.0×1.0

[0064] Table 2-2 Sorting table of flower buds in bulbs

[0065] date Bulb diameter No. 1 flower bud Flower bud size (cm) Flower Bud No. 2 Flower bud size (cm) Flower Bud No. 3 Flower bud size (cm) Flower Bud No. 4 Flower bud size (cm) 2015.1.16 7.15×6.9 Flower Bud 0.5×0.4 Flower Bud 0.20×0.20 2015.2.15 7.8×8.2 Flower Bud 1.1×0.6 Flower Bud 0.35×0.2 Flower Bud 0.1×0.1 2015.3.2 6.8×6.7 Flower Bud 1.5×0.7 Flower Bud 0.35×0.28 Flower Bud 0.1×0.1 2015.3.18 6.0×5.9 Flower Bud 1.2×0.6 Flower Bud 0.3×0.2 Flower Bud 0.1×0.1 2015.4.5 6.0×6.1 Flower Bud 0.6×0.45 Flower Bud 0.3×0.2 Flower Bud 0.1×0.1 2015.4.23 6.1×5.8 Flower Bud 0.7×0.5 Flower Bud 0.2×0.21 Flower Bud 0.1×0.1 2015.5.8 6.3×5.0 Flower Bud 0.8×0.55 Flower Bud 0.2×0.2 Flower Bud 0.1×0.1 2015.5.11 5.9×5.6 Flower Bud 0.7×0.45 Flower Bud 0.3×0.25 Flower Bud 0.1×0.12 2015.6.5 5.3×5.0 Flower Bud 0.7×0.5 Flower Bud 0.2×0.2 Flower Bud 0.1×0.1 2015.6.19 5.7×5.7 Flower Bud 0.7×0.4 Flower Bud 0.3×0.25 Flower Bud 0.15×0.1 2015.7.6 6.5×6.4 Flower Bud 1.2×0.7 Flower Bud 0.3×0.3 Flower Bud 0.15×0.15 2015.7.21 5.5×5.9 Flower Bud 1.5×0.6 Flower Bud 0.25×0.25 Flower Bud 0.05×0.05 2015.8.20 6.7×6.0 Aborted flower buds 0.95×0.45 Flower Bud 0.4×0.3 Flower Bud 0.2×0.2 Flower Bud 0.05×0.05 2015.8.21 6.3×6.35 Flower Bud 1.8×0.9 Flower Bud 0.55×0.4 Flower Bud 0.3×0.25 Flower Bud 0.05×0.05 2015.9.22 7.0×6.8 Flower Bud 2.1×0.95 Flower Bud 0.9×0.4 Flower Bud 0.3×0.25 Flower Bud 0.1×0.1 2015.9.25 6.15×6.15 Flower Bud 2.0×0.7 Flower Bud 0.8×0.4 Flower Bud 0.3×0.2 Flower Bud 0.05×0.05 2015.10.22 7.5×7.7 Flower Bud 2.8×1.15 Flower Bud 1.3×0.6 Flower Bud 0.2×0.15 Flower Bud 0.05×0.05 2015.10.23 7.4×7.7 Flower Bud 2.6×1.1 Flower Bud 1.2×0.7 Flower Bud 0.35×0.3 Flower Bud 0.2×0.1 2015.11.2 6.8×6.8 Flower Bud 3.1×1.25 Flower Bud 1.7×0.8 Flower Bud 0.3×0.2 Flower Bud 0.12×0.08 2015.11.26 6.1×6.0 Flower Bud 2.0×1.2 Flower Bud 2.0×0.9 Flower Bud 0.65×0.45 Flower Bud 0.2×0.2 2015.12.3 6.7×6.9 Aborted flower buds 1.45×0.5 Flower Bud 2.2×0.7 Flower Bud 0.5×0.3 Flower Bud 0.15×0.2 2015.12.23 7.2×7.2 Aborted flower buds 3.0×1.15 Flower Bud 2.35×0.9 Flower Bud 0.45×0.35 Flower Bud 0.14×0.16

[0066] Table 3 Flower bud size and development status

[0067]

Claims

1. A method for determining the flower bud differentiation and development of Amaryllis, characterized in that The following steps are involved: The first step is to dig out the bulbs of Amaryllis grown in the field, cut off the roots of the bulbs, remove the soil and the outer layer of dried scales, and set aside for dissection; The second step is to place the bulb vertically on the table, use a blade to shallowly cut the scales, put on thin rubber gloves, and peel off the scales layer by layer by hand, observe the location of the flower stem or flower bud, generally after peeling off three circles of scales, there will be less than half a circle of scales, and there will be a scape or flower bud inside the less than half a circle of scales, cut off the base of the flower bud with a knife, and take out the flower bud; then continue to cut the scales with a knife, continue to peel the scales by hand, and take out the flower bud, until young scales appear, cut off the excess part of the bulb disc, and continue to peel off the scales by hand under the dissecting microscope, and take out the flower bud, until the flower bud and young leaves are no longer clearly visible under the dissecting microscope; The third step is to record the number of scales, leaves, young leaves, persistent flower stems, current year flower stems, aborted flower buds, and flower buds of the dissected bulbs, measure the sizes of leaves, young leaves, persistent flower stems, current year flower stems, aborted flower buds, and flower buds with a ruler and vernier caliper, and draw a schematic diagram of the bulb; Step 4: Dig out and dissect the bulbs from the field every month according to the above method, record, measure and draw a graph for one year, arrange the dissected months in horizontal rows, and arrange the flower buds with the same serial number in the same vertical column; The method for determining the flower bud serial number is as follows: during the growing season of Amaryllis, from March to October of the same year, the first flower bud contained in the outer scales of the scales with leaves in the bulb, that is, the scales without leaves, is recorded as flower bud No. -1, the second flower bud to the outer layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. -2, and so on, as flower bud No. -3 and flower bud No. -4; the first flower bud contained in the inner scales of the scales with leaves in the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. 1, the second flower bud to the inner layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. 2, and so on, as flower bud No. 3 and flower bud No. 4; During the wintering season of Amaryllis, from November of the current year to February of the following year, the first flower bud contained in the outer scales of the bulb with young leaves is recorded as flower bud No. -1, the second flower bud to the outer layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. -2, and so on, they are recorded as flower bud No. -3 and flower bud No. -4; the first flower bud contained in the inner scales of the bulb with young leaves is recorded as flower bud No. 1, the second flower bud to the inner layer of the bulb is recorded as flower bud No. 2, and so on, they are recorded as flower bud No. 3 and flower bud No. 4; The fifth step is to make a line graph of flower bud length and dissection date. Observe flower buds of different sizes under a dissecting microscope and record the differentiation status of flower buds. This will clearly show the time of flower bud differentiation, the number of differentiations and the process of flower differentiation and development.

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