Polishing apparatus and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of polishing device, and provides a polishing device and method. The polishing device comprises a mounting mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a polishing mechanism. The mounting mechanism is suitable for connecting two ends of a length direction of a to-be-polished piece to support and position the to-be-polished piece and adjust the pitch angle of the to-be-polished piece. The positioning mechanism is suitable for being arranged on both sides of a width direction of the to-be-polished piece. The polishing mechanism is mounted on the positioning mechanism to polish the to-be-polished piece. The present application solves the defects of difficult control of automatic polishing precision, large manual polishing intensity and low efficiency in the prior art, and improves the polishing efficiency and precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polishing equipment technology, and more particularly to a polishing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional bogie side beam grinding mainly includes two methods: automatic grinding and manual grinding.

[0003] The automatic grinding system uses laser positioning to determine the grinding surface and generate the grinding path. However, due to the cumulative tolerances of welding workpiece deformation error, automatic grinding system fixture error, tool wear, etc., although the automatic grinding system performs well when completing flat welds, it still has the problem of difficulty in controlling the grinding accuracy when dealing with more complex arc welds, requiring subsequent manual correction work.

[0004] While manual grinding offers advantages such as high precision and flexibility, it requires manual operation of the grinding wheel. Each grinding wheel weighs around 10 kilograms, making operation laborious and necessitating long shifts. This results in high workload, low efficiency, and prolonged operation, which can also lead to a decrease in grinding precision. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a polishing device and method to solve the defects of existing technologies, such as the difficulty in controlling the accuracy of automatic polishing and the high intensity and low efficiency of manual polishing.

[0006] This invention provides a polishing apparatus, comprising:

[0007] The mounting mechanism is suitable for connecting the two ends of the workpiece along its length to support and position it, and for adjusting the pitch angle of the workpiece.

[0008] The positioning mechanism is suitable for being positioned on both sides of the workpiece in the width direction; and

[0009] A grinding mechanism, installed on the positioning mechanism, is used to grind the workpiece to be ground.

[0010] According to a grinding device provided by the present invention, the positioning mechanism includes an adjusting slide rail, a support column, a crossbar, and a swing arm;

[0011] The length direction of the adjusting slide rail is horizontal and parallel to the length direction of the workpiece to be ground;

[0012] The supporting column is vertically arranged and movably connected to the adjusting slide rail;

[0013] The horizontal bar is rotatably connected to the end of the support column away from the adjusting slide rail;

[0014] The swing arm is vertically rotatably connected to the end of the crossbar away from the supporting column, and the end of the swing arm away from the crossbar is suitable for installing a grinding mechanism.

[0015] According to a grinding device provided by the present invention, the positioning mechanism further includes:

[0016] A counterweight is vertically mounted on the crossbar and traction-connected to the end of the swing arm away from the crossbar. The counterweight is adapted to provide an upward traction force to the swing arm.

[0017] According to a grinding device provided by the present invention, the positioning mechanism further includes:

[0018] The operating lever is set at an angle to the swing arm, and one end of the operating lever is detachably and fixedly connected to the swing arm.

[0019] According to a grinding device provided by the present invention, the positioning mechanism further includes:

[0020] A suspension traction assembly is disposed at the end of the crossbar away from the supporting column;

[0021] The suspension traction assembly includes a first pulley, a pair of second pulleys, a suspension rod, and a traction rope;

[0022] The first pulley is rotatably connected to one end of the crossbar;

[0023] The suspension rod is horizontally arranged and vertically fixed to the crossbar;

[0024] A pair of second pulleys are positioned at both ends of the suspension rod;

[0025] The traction rope is wound around the first pulley and a pair of second pulleys respectively, and one end of the traction rope is connected to the counterweight and the other end is connected to the swing arm.

[0026] According to a grinding device provided by the present invention, at least one of the supporting column, the crossbar, and the swing arm is a telescopic structure.

[0027] According to a grinding device provided by the present invention, the grinding mechanism includes a grinder, which includes a grinding wheel grinder and a surface grinder.

[0028] According to a grinding device provided by the present invention, the grinding wheel grinder is detachably equipped with a limit block.

[0029] According to a polishing device provided by the present invention, two positioning mechanisms are provided corresponding to the polishing mechanism, and the two positioning mechanisms are arranged along the length direction of the workpiece to be polished.

[0030] The present invention also provides a polishing method for the above-mentioned polishing apparatus, comprising:

[0031] The part to be polished is installed on the mounting mechanism;

[0032] The installation mechanism determines the pitch angle of the workpiece to be ground, the positioning mechanism adjusts the position of the grinding mechanism, and the grinding mechanism grinds the weld seam of the workpiece to be ground.

[0033] The present invention provides a grinding device and method, in which the workpiece to be ground is fixedly installed in the installation mechanism, and the grinding mechanism is manually operated to grind the corresponding position of the workpiece. The operation mode of combining positioning, support and grinding tools with manual assistance effectively improves the efficiency and accuracy of grinding operation, which helps to reduce the operation difficulty of operators and improve grinding efficiency and grinding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a frontal schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the positioning mechanism and the grinding structure in the grinding device provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a side view of the mating structure of the positioning mechanism and the grinding structure in the grinding device provided by the present invention. Figure 2 (The suspension traction assembly is not shown in the image).

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the suspension traction component in the grinding device provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 A frontal schematic diagram showing the structure of the grinding mechanism in the grinding device provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 A side view of the grinding mechanism structure in the grinding device provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the side beam structure of the bogie in the grinding device provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first state of the side beam on the rotating platform in this invention;

[0042] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the second state of the side beam on the rotating platform in this invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of the polishing method provided by the present invention.

[0044] Figure label:

[0045] 1. Positioning mechanism; 11. Adjusting slide rail; 12. Support column; 13. Crossbar; 14. Swing arm; 2. Grinding mechanism; 23. Counterweight; 24. Grinding tool; 26. Operating lever; 27. Suspension traction assembly; 271. First pulley; 272. Second pulley; 273. Suspension rod; 274. Traction rope; 28. Limiting block; 3. Installation mechanism; 31. Rotating table; 4. Positioning arm dovetail angle; 5. Spring cylinder; 6. Vertical plate; 7. Vertical damper mounting base. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0047] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 8 The present invention describes a grinding apparatus. This grinding apparatus is suitable for grinding parts to be ground, which can be the side beam of a bogie, or other large components depending on the specific circumstances; no limitation is made here. For simplicity, the following embodiments of the present invention will use the side beam of a bogie as an example.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 6 The bogie is a crucial structural component in rail vehicles, responsible for load bearing, transmission, and movement. The side beams of the bogie have a box-type structure. The areas requiring grinding are the dovetail angle of the positioning arm 4, the butt weld between the spring cylinder 5 and the vertical plate 6, and the weld between the vertical damper mounting seat 7 and the spring cylinder 5. The positioning arm is the contact point between the side beam and the wheelset of the rail vehicle; the dovetail angle 4 is located at the angle between the positioning arm and the vertical plate 6. The spring cylinder 5 is used to install a spring suspension device between the wheelset and the bogie frame. This spring suspension device is designed to mitigate the impact and vibration of the rails on the rail vehicle; it is also known as a "primary suspension device" or "axial suspension device." The vertical damper mounting seat 7 is used to install vertical hydraulic dampers. The structure of the side beam is existing technology and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0049] See Figures 1 to 6The grinding apparatus provided by the present invention includes a positioning mechanism 1, a grinding mechanism 2, and a mounting mechanism 3. The mounting mechanism 3 is adapted to rotatably connect the two ends of the workpiece to be ground along its length direction to support and position the workpiece and to adjust the pitch angle of the workpiece to be ground; the positioning mechanism 1 is adapted to be disposed on both sides of the workpiece to be ground along its width direction; the grinding mechanism 2 is mounted on the positioning mechanism 1 and is used to grind the workpiece to be ground.

[0050] Two mounting mechanisms 3 are provided, each equipped with a rotating platform 31. When installing the side beam, the spring sleeve 5 of the side beam is fixed to the rotating platform 31 with the dovetail angle 4 of the side beam positioning arm facing upwards. Furthermore, the rotational drive structure of the rotating platform 31 adjusts the placement angle of the side beam to facilitate grinding of different positions by the grinding mechanism 2. In this embodiment, the rotating platform 31 is equipped with a rotatable clamp, and the clamps of the two rotating platforms 31 are arranged facing each other. The rotational drive structure can use a drive motor as the driving component. The drive motor is connected to the rotatable clamp in the rotating platform 31 through a transmission structure, thereby driving the side beam to rotate when the drive motor is running. It is understood that the two mounting mechanisms 3 in this embodiment of the invention can each be equipped with a rotational drive structure, or a rotational drive structure can be provided only on one of the mounting mechanisms 3.

[0051] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The positioning mechanism 1 includes an adjusting slide rail 11, a support column 12, a crossbar 13, and a swing arm 14. Specifically, the length direction of the adjusting slide rail 11 is parallel to the length direction of the side beam, and the support column 12 is vertically arranged and movably connected to the adjusting slide rail 11. In this way, the positioning mechanism 1 can move along the length direction of the side beam, which facilitates the positioning of the side beam at different positions.

[0052] A horizontal bar 13 is rotatably connected to the end of the support column 12 away from the adjusting slide rail 11. A swing arm 14 is rotatably connected to the end of the horizontal bar 13 away from the support column 12. The end of the swing arm 14 away from the horizontal bar 13 is suitable for mounting the grinding mechanism 2. This configuration, through the rotatable and adjustable horizontal bar 13 and swing arm 14, facilitates the positioning mechanism 1 to move to the position on the side beam requiring grinding, after which the grinding mechanism 2 grinds the side beam. In some specific embodiments, the swing arm 14 is connected to the grinding mechanism 2 via a quick connector to achieve quick assembly and disassembly of different grinding mechanisms 2.

[0053] The positioning mechanism 1 also includes a counterweight 23, which is liftably mounted on the crossbar 13 and tractionally connected to the end of the swing arm 14 away from the crossbar 13. The counterweight 23 is adapted to provide an upward traction force to the swing arm 14. With this configuration, when grinding is performed after the grinding position has been determined, the counterweight 23 can provide an upward pulling force to the grinding mechanism 2, making it easier for the operator to operate and reducing the workload.

[0054] This invention provides a grinding device. After the side beam of the bogie is fixedly installed on the mounting mechanism 3 via a positioning mechanism 1, a grinding mechanism 2, and a mounting mechanism 3, the positioning mechanism 1 and the grinding mechanism 2 are moved. The grinding mechanism 2 is then pulled by a lifting counterweight 23, and subsequently, the grinding mechanism 2 is manually operated to grind the corresponding positions of the side beam. This invention effectively combines the advantages of automatic and manual grinding. By combining positioning, support, and grinding tools with manual assistance, it utilizes the high efficiency of the grinding tools, the flexibility of the assist mechanism, and the precision of manual assistance to solve the problems of low precision in automatic grinding and low efficiency in manual grinding, thereby improving both grinding efficiency and precision.

[0055] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 The positioning mechanism 1 also includes an operating lever 26, which is angled to the swing arm 14, and one end of the operating lever 26 is fixedly connected to the swing arm 14.

[0056] With this setup, when performing grinding operations, the operator can control the direction and speed of the grinding mechanism 2 by holding the operating lever 26, which helps to improve the grinding accuracy.

[0057] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 The positioning mechanism 1 also includes a suspension traction assembly 27, which is located at the end of the crossbar 13 away from the supporting column 12. The suspension traction assembly 27 includes a first pulley 271, a pair of second pulleys 272, a suspension rod 273, and a traction rope 274. The first pulley 271 is rotatably connected to one end of the crossbar 13. The suspension rod 273 is horizontally arranged and vertically fixed to the crossbar 13. The pair of second pulleys 272 are respectively placed at both ends of the suspension rod 273. The traction rope 274 is respectively wound around the first pulley 271 and the pair of second pulleys 272, and one end of the traction rope 274 is connected to the counterweight 23, and the other end is connected to the swing arm 14.

[0058] In this embodiment, to ensure balanced force on the suspension traction assembly 27, the pivot of the first pulley 271 is coaxial with the crossbar 13, and the connection point between the end of the crossbar 13 and the suspension rod 273 is located at the midpoint of the suspension rod 273. However, depending on actual operation, the lengths of the two parts of the suspension rod 273 separated by the crossbar 13 may not be exactly equal; the left side may be longer than the right side, or vice versa. Therefore, the pivot of the first pulley 271 and the rotating connection point of the swing arm 14 may not be located at the midpoint of the suspension rod 273. This will not be elaborated further here.

[0059] The shafts of the two second pulleys 272 are parallel to the shaft of the first pulley 271; the traction rope 274 is wound around and slidably connected to the outer periphery of the first pulley 271 and the two second pulleys 272, one end of the traction rope 274 is fixedly connected to the counterweight 23, and the other end of the traction rope 274 is fixedly connected to the grinding mechanism 2.

[0060] In actual use, the traction rope 274, the first pulley 271 and the two second pulleys 272 together form a fixed pulley group. When the operator controls the grinding mechanism 2 to lift and lower, the counterweight 23 transmits the traction force to the grinding mechanism 2 through the traction rope 274, making it easier for the grinding mechanism 2 to lift and lower.

[0061] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 The grinding mechanism 2 includes a grinder 24, which includes a grinding wheel grinder and a surface grinder.

[0062] Optionally, the radius of the grinding wheel of the grinding machine can range from 30 cm to 80 cm.

[0063] Optionally, the grinding wheel can be detachably equipped with a limiting block 28. The limiting block 28 can help the operator to fit the grinding wheel tightly with the arc weld seam of the corresponding radius. When the grinding wheel is used for rounding grinding, it can limit the grinding wheel and prevent over-grinding.

[0064] Optionally, the outer diameter of the limiting block 28 of the grinding wheel can range from 30 cm to 80 cm.

[0065] In some embodiments, the grinding machine is provided with grinding wheels with radii of 80 cm and 30 cm, and with limiting blocks 28 with outer diameters of 80 cm and 30 cm. The two limiting blocks 28 are respectively adapted to be installed at the corresponding grinding wheel positions.

[0066] In practical applications, the dovetail angle 4 of the positioning arm of the side beam includes an inner positioning arm dovetail angle 4 and an outer positioning arm dovetail angle 4. The inner positioning arm dovetail angle 4 is an arc with a radius of 30 cm, and the outer positioning arm dovetail angle 4 is an arc with a radius of 80 cm. The weld between the vertical damper mounting seat 7 and the spring cylinder 5 is an arc with a radius of 80 cm, while the butt weld between the spring cylinder 5 and the vertical plate 6 is a plane. Therefore, two different grinders 24 are required to adapt to welds of different shapes.

[0067] See you later Figure 1In some embodiments of the present invention, at least one of the support column 12, the crossbar 13, and the swing arm 14 is a telescopic structure. Preferably, the support column 12, the crossbar 13, and the swing arm 14 are all telescopic structures; further, the support column 12, the crossbar 13, and the swing arm 14 are all self-locking along their respective axial directions; even further, the support column 12 is self-locking within the adjusting slide rail 11.

[0068] Specifically, the extension or self-locking of the support column 12, crossbar 13 and swing arm 14 along their respective axes can be achieved by hydraulic drive (e.g., by setting a hydraulic cylinder inside the component), while the self-locking of the support column 12 in the adjusting slide rail 11 can be achieved by motor drive.

[0069] With this configuration, when the positioning mechanism 1 and the grinding mechanism 2 move to the corresponding grinding position of the side beam, the support column 12, the crossbar 13, and the swing arm 14 can all be adjusted to a suitable position to adapt to the height and angle of different grinding parts of the side beam. After the length or height of the above components are adjusted, they are all self-locking, and the support column 12 can be self-locking in the adjusting slide rail 11. Only the crossbar 13 can rotate around the support column 12, the swing arm 14 can rotate around the crossbar 13, and the grinder 24 can adjust its height under the traction of the swing arm 14, thereby improving the flexibility and stability of the positioning mechanism 1 and the grinding mechanism 2.

[0070] When the operator holds the operating lever 26 and applies pre-tightening force to the side beam through the grinder 24, the "operating lever 26 - swing arm 14" together form a set of lever structures. Under the condition of ensuring the stable installation of the side beam, the pre-tightening force required for grinding is minimized, thereby greatly reducing the intensity of manual operation and further improving grinding efficiency.

[0071] In summary, by adopting the above technical solution, after the side beam is fixedly installed in the installation mechanism 3, the positioning mechanism 1 and the grinding mechanism 2 are moved and adjusted. After the position is determined, the height or length of the support column 12, the crossbar 13 and the swing arm 14 are adjusted. Then, all the above components are self-locking. Next, the grinder 24 is manually operated to grind the corresponding position of the side beam. During the grinding process, by adjusting the angle between the swing arm 14 and the crossbar 13 and between the crossbar 13 and the support column 12, the preload required for grinding is minimized while ensuring the stable installation of the side beam.

[0072] This invention combines an automatic grinding tool with an assistive mechanism. By combining the grinding tool with manual assistance, it solves the problems of low precision in automatic grinding, high intensity and low efficiency in manual grinding by utilizing the high efficiency of the automatic grinding tool, the flexibility of the assistive mechanism and the precision of manual assistance, thereby improving the efficiency and precision of grinding operations.

[0073] See Figure 9The present invention also provides a polishing method, which uses the above-described polishing apparatus to perform polishing, including:

[0074] S100. Install the part to be polished onto the mounting mechanism 3;

[0075] S200. The pitch angle of the part to be ground is determined by the mounting mechanism 3, the position of the grinding mechanism 2 is adjusted by the positioning mechanism 1, and the weld of the part to be ground is ground by the grinding mechanism 2.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, the part to be ground is a side beam of a bogie, and step S200 specifically includes:

[0077] S201. Fix the side beam in the first state through the installation mechanism 3, adjust the grinding mechanism 2 to the position of the dovetail corner 4 of the inner positioning arm of the side beam through the positioning mechanism 1, and grind the dovetail corner 4 of the inner positioning arm of the side beam.

[0078] S202. Adjust the grinding mechanism 2 to the position of the dovetail corner 4 of the outer side beam positioning arm through the positioning mechanism 1, and grind the dovetail corner 4 of the outer side beam positioning arm.

[0079] S203. Adjust the side beam to the second state through the installation mechanism 3, adjust the grinding mechanism 2 to the dovetail corner 4 of the inner side positioning arm through the positioning mechanism 1, and grind the weld between the vertical damper mounting seat 7 and the spring cylinder 5.

[0080] S204. Adjust the grinding mechanism 2 to the position of the dovetail corner 4 of the inner side positioning arm through the positioning mechanism 1, and grind the butt weld between the spring cylinder 5 and the vertical plate 6.

[0081] See Figure 7 Optionally, in practical applications, step S201 specifically includes: fixing the side beam in the position where the dovetail angle 4 of the side beam positioning arm faces upward through the installation mechanism 3, which is the first state of the side beam; adjusting the grinding mechanism 2 to the position of the dovetail angle 4 of the inner positioning arm of the side beam through the positioning mechanism 1; after the components of the positioning mechanism 1 are self-locked, using a grinding wheel with a radius of 30 cm and a limiting block 28 with an outer diameter of 30 cm, the operator presses the grinding wheel to the position limited by the limiting block 28 through the operating rod 26 to complete the grinding of the dovetail angle 4 of the inner positioning arm of the side beam.

[0082] See Figure 7Optionally, in practical applications, step S202 specifically includes: after completing step S201, continue to keep the side beam in the first state, release the self-locking of the components of the positioning mechanism 1, readjust the position and angle of the grinding mechanism 2 and the positioning mechanism 1, and then lock the components of the positioning mechanism 1; using a grinding wheel with a radius of 80 cm and a limiting block 28 with an outer diameter of 80 cm, the operator uses the operating rod 26 to press the grinding wheel to the position limited by the limiting block 28 to complete the grinding of the dovetail angle 4 of the outer positioning arm of the side beam.

[0083] See Figure 8 Optionally, in practical applications, step S203 specifically includes: after completing step S202, the side beam of the installation mechanism 3 rotates 90 degrees to the second state, the self-locking of the component of the positioning mechanism 1 is released, the position and angle of the grinding mechanism 2 and the positioning mechanism 1 are readjusted, and then the component of the positioning mechanism 1 is locked; using a grinding wheel with a radius of 80 cm and a limiting block 28 with an outer diameter of 80 cm, in the second state of the side beam, the operator uses the operating rod 26 to press the grinding wheel to the position limited by the limiting block 28 to complete the grinding of the weld between the vertical damper mounting seat 7 and the spring cylinder 5.

[0084] See Figure 8 Optionally, in practical applications, step S204 specifically includes: after completing step S203, keeping the side beam in the second state, replacing the grinding wheel grinder with a flat grinder, releasing the self-locking of the components of the positioning mechanism 1, and readjusting the position and angle of the grinding mechanism 2 and the positioning mechanism 1; then locking the components of the positioning mechanism 1, and in the second state of the side beam, the operator presses the flat grinder with the operating rod 26 to complete the grinding of the butt weld between the spring cylinder 5 and the vertical plate 6.

[0085] Optionally, step S200 further includes:

[0086] S205. After replacing the grinding mechanism 2 or the sanding belt of the grinding mechanism 2, repeat steps S201 to S204 for fine grinding.

[0087] The grinding method provided by this invention has all the advantages of the aforementioned grinding device, and solves the problems of difficult precision control, high labor intensity and low grinding efficiency in the grinding process of bogie side beams, thereby improving grinding efficiency and precision.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polishing device, characterized in that, include: The mounting mechanism (3) is suitable for connecting the two ends of the workpiece in the length direction to support and position the workpiece and for adjusting the pitch angle of the workpiece. Positioning mechanism (1), suitable for being set on both sides of the workpiece to be ground in the width direction; and Grinding mechanism (2), installed on the positioning mechanism (1), is used to grind the workpiece to be ground; The positioning mechanism includes a swing arm (14); a crossbar (13); a counterweight (23), which is vertically mounted on the crossbar (13) and connected to the end of the swing arm (14) away from the crossbar (13), the counterweight (23) being adapted to provide an upward traction force to the swing arm (14); and a suspension traction assembly (27). The grinding mechanism (2) includes a grinder (24), which includes a grinding wheel grinder and a surface grinder; The grinding wheel can be detachably equipped with a limit block (28); The installation mechanism (3) is equipped with a rotating table (31). The placement angle of the side beam is adjusted by the rotation drive structure of the rotating table (31) so that the grinding mechanism (2) can grind different positions. The rotating platform (31) is equipped with a rotatable clamp, and the clamps of the two rotating platforms (31) are arranged facing each other; The positioning mechanism (1) includes an adjusting slide rail (11) and a support column (12); The length direction of the adjusting slide rail (11) is horizontal and parallel to the length direction of the workpiece to be polished; The support column (12) is vertically arranged and movably connected to the adjusting slide rail (11). The horizontal bar (13) is rotatably connected to the end of the support column (12) away from the adjusting slide rail (11); The swing arm (14) is vertically rotatably connected to the end of the crossbar (13) away from the support column (12), and the end of the swing arm (14) away from the crossbar (13) is suitable for installing the grinding mechanism (2). At least one of the supporting column (12), the crossbar (13), and the swing arm (14) is a telescopic structure; The supporting column (12), the crossbar (13), and the swing arm (14) are all self-locking along their respective axes; The support column (12) is self-locking within the adjusting slide rail.

2. The polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism (1) further includes: The operating lever (26) is set at an angle to the swing arm (14), and one end of the operating lever (26) is fixedly connected to the swing arm (14).

3. The polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The suspension traction assembly (27) is located at one end of the crossbar (13) away from the support column (12); the suspension traction assembly (27) includes a first pulley (271), a pair of second pulleys (272), a suspension rod (273), and a traction rope (274); The first pulley (271) is rotatably connected to one end of the crossbar (13); The suspension rod (273) is horizontally set and vertically fixed to the crossbar (13); A pair of second pulleys (272) are respectively placed at both ends of the suspension rod (273); The traction rope (274) is wound around the first pulley (271) and a pair of second pulleys (272), and one end of the traction rope (274) is connected to the counterweight (23), and the other end is connected to the swing arm (14).

4. The polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism (1) and the polishing mechanism (2) are provided in two corresponding positions, and the two positioning mechanisms (1) are arranged along the length direction of the workpiece to be polished.

5. A polishing method using a polishing apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: Install the workpiece to be polished onto the mounting mechanism (3); The pitch angle of the workpiece to be ground is determined by the mounting mechanism (3), the position of the grinding mechanism (2) is adjusted by the positioning mechanism (1), and the weld of the workpiece to be ground is ground by the grinding mechanism (2).

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