Measuring device and method for simulation test of unsteady flow of river confluence

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydraulics experiments, in particular to a measuring device and method for simulating non-constant flow at a river confluence, which comprises a water storage pool, a water pump, a pipeline, an electronic valve, a main stream water tank, a gradient automatic adjusting assembly, a tributary water tank, a confluence angle adjusting assembly and a monitoring assembly; the gradient automatic adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the slopes of the two water tanks respectively, the confluence angle adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the confluence angle between the main stream water tank and the tributary water tank, the problem of long model modification time is solved, meanwhile, the opening size of the electronic valve in front of the water tank is adjusted, which is beneficial to simulating the change process of the river water level fluctuation, gradient and flow velocity under different non-constant flow conditions, finally, the arrangement mode of the monitoring assembly can be automatically adjusted according to the data measurement requirement, so that the water level amplitude of the non-constant flow at the water confluence can be accurately measured, and the surface flow velocity and flow direction distribution under different test conditions can be recorded, and the comprehensiveness and rationality of data analysis are ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic experiment, in particular to a measuring device and method for non-constant flow simulation test at river confluence. BACKGROUND

[0002] When large hydropower stations are operated, the discharge changes greatly, which will generate strong non-constant flow in the downstream river. The steep rise and fall of water level in the downstream river will cause adverse effects on navigation safety and anchorage conditions, especially in the confluence of the main stream and the branch stream, the navigation flow conditions are more complex.

[0003] At present, the test research on the flow characteristics at the confluence of the main stream and the branch stream is mostly based on constant flow conditions, and the complex hydraulic characteristics at the confluence of the main stream and the branch stream are often ignored, and most of them are qualitative analysis. When the intersection angle of the main stream and the branch stream is adjusted, the branch stream needs to be disassembled and replaced, which increases the test period and cost. In addition, the water level, flow velocity and other data in the test cannot be measured comprehensively, which restricts the accuracy of the research results. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a measuring device and method for non-constant flow simulation test at river confluence, which solves the technical problem that the test research on the flow characteristics at the confluence of the main stream and the branch stream in the prior art is mostly based on constant flow conditions, and the complex hydraulic characteristics at the confluence of the main stream and the branch stream are often ignored, and most of them are qualitative analysis. When the intersection angle of the main stream and the branch stream is adjusted, the branch stream needs to be disassembled and replaced, which increases the test period and cost. In addition, the water level, flow velocity and other data in the test cannot be measured comprehensively, which restricts the accuracy of the research results.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a measuring device for non-constant flow simulation test at river confluence, which comprises a water storage pool, a water pump, a pipeline and an electronic valve. The input end of the water pump is connected with the water storage pool, the pipeline is connected with the output end of the water pump, and the electronic valve is installed on the pipeline. The measuring device further comprises a main stream water tank, a gradient automatic adjusting assembly, a branch stream water tank, an intersection angle adjusting assembly and a monitoring assembly. The main stream water tank is connected with the pipeline and located at the end of the pipeline away from the water pump. The gradient automatic adjusting assembly is used to raise or lower the gradient of the main stream water tank. The branch stream water tank is movably connected with the main stream water tank. The intersection angle adjusting assembly is used to adjust the intersection angle of the water flow of the branch stream water tank and the main stream water tank. The monitoring assembly is used to measure and record the water level amplitude and the free surface flow velocity distribution of the water tank.

[0006] The slope automatic adjusting assembly comprises an angle adjusting member, a support rod, a slope adjuster, a connecting ring and a pressure bearing plate, the support rod is connected with the dry flow water tank through the angle adjusting member, the slope adjuster is fixedly connected with the support rod and located at the lower end of the support rod, the connecting ring is arranged on the slope adjuster, and the pressure bearing plate is fixedly connected with the slope adjuster and located on the side, away from the support rod, of the slope adjuster.

[0007] The angle adjusting member comprises a support and an angle adjusting ring, the support is fixedly connected with the dry flow water tank and located at the bottom of the dry flow water tank, and the angle adjusting ring is movably connected with the support and fixedly connected with the support rod.

[0008] The monitoring assembly comprises a moving member, a wave height instrument, a monitor, a camera and a tail door, the wave height instrument is installed on the dry flow water tank through the moving member, the monitor is used for measuring and recording water level amplitude with the wave height instrument, the camera is used for acquiring the flow velocity distribution of the free surface of the water tank, and the tail door is arranged on the dry flow water tank and used for simulating the water level in front of a downstream power station dam.

[0009] The moving member comprises a longitudinal slide rail assembly and a transverse slide rail assembly, and the transverse slide rail assembly is used for changing the position of the wave height instrument in the water tank in cooperation with the longitudinal slide rail assembly.

[0010] The longitudinal slide rail assembly comprises a pulley, a first connecting shaft and a first control ring, the pulley is movably connected with the dry flow water tank, the first connecting shaft is movably connected with the pulley, and the first control ring is fixedly connected with the first connecting shaft and located on the side, away from the pulley, of the first connecting shaft.

[0011] The transverse slide rail assembly comprises a second control ring, a second connecting shaft and an auxiliary rod, the second control ring is connected with the first control ring through a steel pipe, the second connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the second control ring, and the auxiliary rod is fixedly connected with the second connecting shaft and the wave height instrument.

[0012] A measurement method for simulating non-constant flow at a river junction, comprising the following steps,

[0013] Different numbers of wave height instruments are installed into the dry flow water tank and the tributary water tank through the longitudinal slide rail assembly and the transverse slide rail assembly;

[0014] According to the characteristics of the dry flow and the tributary, the slope of the water tank and the intersection angle of the dry flow and the tributary are adjusted through the slope automatic adjusting assembly and the intersection angle adjusting assembly respectively.

[0015] The computer control terminal compiles the time-varying relationship of the flow of the unsteady flow into a data file of the time-varying flow;

[0016] After the data file is compiled, the computer control terminal outputs the data file to the electronic valve, and controls the water pump to deliver the water in the water storage pool to the water tank;

[0017] The wave height instrument and the monitor cooperate to monitor the superposition effect and the water level amplitude of the unsteady flow at the confluence in real time, and feedback to the computer control terminal;

[0018] The multiple cameras automatically record the flow velocity and flow direction distribution of the test water tank by the tracking method.

[0019] The measuring device and method for simulating the unsteady flow at the confluence of rivers according to the application meet the demand of setting the boundary condition of the unsteady flow at the confluence by using the automatic adjustment system of the import and export unsteady flow of the main stream and the branch stream, wherein the slope of the two water tanks is adjusted by the slope automatic adjustment assembly according to the test scenario, and the intersection angle between the main stream water tank and the branch stream water tank is adjusted by the intersection angle adjustment assembly, which increases the adaptability to the natural river channel, solves the problems of single consideration factor, long model modification time and high economic cost of the traditional water tank, and the front pool of the main stream and branch stream water tank structure is controlled by the independent gate, the computer control terminal compiles the time-varying relationship of the flow of the unsteady flow into a data file of the time-varying flow, outputs the data file to the electronic valve through the computer control terminal, adjusts the opening size of the electronic valve gate in front of the water tank, delivers the water from the water storage pool to the model water tank, and feeds back to the monitoring assembly in real time, records and corrects the inflow process, which is beneficial to simulate the change process of the river water level fluctuation, the slope and the flow velocity under different unsteady flow conditions, finally, the arrangement mode of the monitoring assembly can be automatically adjusted according to the data measurement demand, so as to accurately measure the water level amplitude of the unsteady flow at the water flow confluence and record the surface flow velocity and flow direction distribution under different test conditions, which ensures the comprehensiveness and rationality of data analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating labor.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a top view of the measuring device for simulating the unsteady flow at the confluence of rivers according to the application.

[0022] Figure 2This is a front view of the measuring device for the river confluence unsteady flow simulation test of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the intersection angle adjustment component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the longitudinal slide rail assembly of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse slide rail assembly of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic drop adjustment component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the longitudinal slide rail assembly and the transverse slide rail assembly of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a step diagram of the measurement method for the unsteady flow simulation test at the river confluence of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Main stream water tank, 2-Branch water tank, 3-Reservoir, 4-Water pump, 5-Electronic valve, 6-Intersection angle adjustment assembly, 61-Protruding facade, 62-Concave facade, 63-Horizontal protrusion, 64-Horizontal concavity, 7-Longitudinal slide rail assembly, 71-First control ring, 72-First connecting shaft, 73-Pulley, 8-Transverse slide rail assembly, 81-Second control ring, 82-Second connecting shaft, 83-Auxiliary rod, 9-Camera, 10-Monitor, 11-Wave height meter, 12-Tailgate, 13-Automatic drop adjustment assembly, 131-Supporter, 132-Angle adjustment ring, 133-Support rod, 134-Drop adjuster, 135-Connecting ring, 136-Pressure plate, 14-Pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2The application provides a measuring device for river confluence unsteady flow simulation test, which comprises a water storage pool 3, a water pump 4, a pipeline 14 and an electronic valve 5, the input end of the water pump 4 is connected with the water storage pool 3, the pipeline 14 is connected with the output end of the water pump 4, and the electronic valve 5 is installed on the pipeline 14, characterized in that it further comprises a main stream water tank 1, a gradient automatic adjusting assembly 13, a branch stream water tank 2, a confluence angle adjusting assembly 6 and a monitoring assembly, the main stream water tank 1 is connected with the pipeline 14 and located at the end of the pipeline 14 away from the water pump 4, the gradient automatic adjusting assembly 13 is used for raising or lowering the gradient of the main stream water tank 1, the branch stream water tank 2 is movably connected with the main stream water tank 1, the confluence angle adjusting assembly 6 is used for adjusting the confluence angle of the water flow of the branch stream water tank 2 and the main stream water tank 1, and the monitoring assembly is used for measuring and recording the water level amplitude and the free surface flow velocity distribution of the water tank.

[0032] Further, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 The gradient automatic adjusting assembly 13 comprises an angle adjusting member, a support rod 133, a gradient adjuster 134, a connecting ring 135 and a pressure bearing plate 136, the support rod 133 is connected with the main stream water tank 1 through the angle adjusting member, the gradient adjuster 134 is fixedly connected with the support rod 133 and located at the lower end of the support rod 133, the connecting ring 135 is arranged on the gradient adjuster 134, and the pressure bearing plate 136 is fixedly connected with the gradient adjuster 134 and located at the side of the gradient adjuster 134 away from the support rod 133.

[0033] Further, refer to Figure 6 The angle adjusting member comprises a support 131 and an angle adjusting ring 132, the support 131 is fixedly connected with the main stream water tank 1 and located at the bottom of the main stream water tank 1, and the angle adjusting ring 132 is movably connected with the support 131 and fixedly connected with the support rod 133.

[0034] Further, refer to Figures 1 to 3 The confluence angle adjusting assembly 6 comprises a vertical convex 61, a vertical concave 62, a horizontal convex 63 and a horizontal concave 64, and the vertical convex 61 and the horizontal convex 63 are respectively connected with the vertical concave 62 and the horizontal concave 64 through mortise and tenon connection.

[0035] In the embodiment, the water storage pool 3, the water pump 4, the pipeline and the electronic valve 5 are respectively provided with two groups, two groups of water guide structures are used in cooperation with the main stream water tank 1 and the branch stream water tank 2, the tail door 12 controls the downstream water level in real time, and the downstream power station dam front water level is simulated.

[0036] According to the need of simulating terrain conditions, the entire gradient automatic adjustment assembly 13 is stably installed through the pressure plate 136, the gradient of the entire water tank is raised or lowered through the extension and retraction of the output end of the gradient adjuster 134, and the connecting ring 135 connects the gradient adjuster 134 and the pressure plate 136. When the gradient adjuster 134 works to rise or fall, the connecting ring 135 can prevent it from falling off, misplacement, and fix its normal work, providing conditions for stable work of the gradient adjuster 134. The support rod 133 is used to support the water tank and transmit force to raise or lower the gradient of the water tank. The angle adjustment ring 132 flexibly moves, so that the bowl-shaped support 131 is always connected horizontally with the water tank when the gradient adjuster 134 works.

[0037] According to the need of simulating terrain conditions, a plurality of through channel devices can be selectively made, each of which is equipped with two mortise and tenon structure water stop devices on the left and right. Through the mortise and tenon structure, the vertical convex 61 and the horizontal convex 63 are connected with the vertical concave 62 and the horizontal concave 64 respectively. The angle of the device can be made to be any intersection angle according to the legend. The dry branch water tank and the intersection angle adjustment assembly 6 are spliced by corresponding mortise and tenon structures. Multiple components can be used for stacking according to different working conditions and terrain requirements, and the intersection angle required for testing can be adjusted at will.

[0038] Further, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the monitoring assembly includes a moving member, a wave height meter 11, a monitor 10, a camera 9, and a tail door 12. The wave height meter 11 is installed on the dry flow water tank 1 through the moving member. The monitor 10 is used to measure and record the water level amplitude with the wave height meter 11. The camera 9 is used to obtain the free surface flow velocity distribution of the water tank. The tail door 12 is arranged on the dry flow water tank 1 and is used to simulate the water level in front of the downstream power station dam.

[0039] Further, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the moving member includes a longitudinal slide rail assembly 7 and a transverse slide rail assembly 8. The transverse slide rail assembly 8 is used to change the position of the wave height meter 11 in the water tank in cooperation with the longitudinal slide rail assembly 7.

[0040] Further, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7The longitudinal slide rail assembly 7 includes a pulley 73, a first connecting shaft 72 and a first control ring 71, the pulley 73 is movably connected with the main stream water tank 1; the first connecting shaft 72 is movably connected with the pulley 73; the first control ring 71 is fixedly connected with the first connecting shaft 72 and located on the side of the first connecting shaft 72 away from the pulley 73.

[0041] Further, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 , the transverse slide rail assembly 8 includes a second control ring 81, a second connecting shaft 82 and an auxiliary rod 83, the second control ring 81 is connected with the first control ring 71 through a steel pipe; the second connecting shaft 82 is fixedly connected with the second control ring 81; the auxiliary rod 83 is fixedly connected with the second connecting shaft 82 and fixedly connected with the wave height instrument 11.

[0042] In the embodiment, the circular hole of the first control ring 71 is inserted by a steel pipe and connected with the second control ring 81 in the transverse slide rail assembly 8 system, the first connecting shaft 72 plays a supporting and controlling role, the pulley 73 is used to cooperate with the chute on the water tank to adjust the position of the wave height instrument 11 along the water flow direction; the transverse slide rail assembly 8, the circular hole in the second control ring 81 is connected with the first control ring 71 in the longitudinal slide rail assembly 7 system through a steel pipe, the transverse slide rail assembly 8 adjusts the position change of the wave height instrument 11 along the vertical direction of the water flow, the second connecting shaft 82 plays a supporting and controlling role, and the auxiliary rod 83 is used to connect and install the wave height instrument 11, and the wave height instrument 11 is adjusted at different positions of the water tank to monitor the water level trend through cooperation of the transverse slide rail assembly 8 and the longitudinal slide rail assembly 7.

[0043] The wave height instrument 11 reasonably arranges the water level fluctuation monitoring points through the longitudinal slide rail assembly 7 and the transverse slide rail assembly 8, and cooperates with the monitor 10 to feedback the non-constant flow superposition effect and the water level amplitude at the intersection in real time, and the camera 9 obtains and records the free surface flow velocity distribution of the water tank in real time through the tracking method (the free surface flow velocity distribution is obtained by uniformly placing paper scraps or other substances that do not affect the hydraulic characteristics of the flow field on the surface of the main stream and branch stream, recording through the camera 9, and then feeding back to the computer for distribution analysis of the flow velocity and flow direction of the surface flow field), the downstream water level is controlled in real time by the tail door 12 to simulate the water level in front of the downstream power station dam (the tail door 12 is a reversible waterproof rectangular plate, which can adjust the angle of the plate in the main stream water tank to lift or lower the depth of the main stream water level), and the real-time water level fluctuation of the model is fed back to the computer control terminal, so as to realize accurate measurement of the water level amplitude of the non-constant flow at the water flow intersection and real-time monitoring and recording of the surface flow velocity and flow direction distribution under different test conditions, and ensure the comprehensiveness and rationality of data analysis.

[0044] Please see Figure 8 A measurement method for simulating unsteady flow at river confluences, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S100: Different numbers of wave height meters 11 are installed into the main stream and tributary water tanks 2 respectively through the longitudinal slide rail assembly 7 and the transverse slide rail assembly 8;

[0046] S101: Based on the characteristics of the main and tributary streams, the gradient of the water tank and the confluence angle of the main and tributary streams are adjusted respectively by the automatic gradient adjustment component 13 and the confluence angle adjustment component 6;

[0047] S102: The relationship between the flow rate of a non-constant flow and time is compiled into a data file of flow rate time variation through a computer control terminal;

[0048] S103: After the data file is compiled, the data file is output to the electronic valve 5 through the computer control terminal, and the water pump 4 is controlled to transport the water in the water storage tank 3 to the water tank.

[0049] S104: The wave height meter 11 and the monitor 10 work together to monitor the superposition effect of the non-steady flow and the water level fluctuation at the confluence in real time, and then feed the data back to the computer control terminal.

[0050] S105: Multiple cameras 9 automatically record the flow rate and direction distribution in the test water tank using the tracer method.

[0051] This invention discloses a measurement device and method for simulating unsteady flow at river confluences. By employing an automatic adjustment system for the unsteady flow at the inlet and outlet of the main stream and tributary, the device meets the requirements for setting the boundary conditions for unsteady flow at the confluence. Specifically, according to the experimental scenario, the slope of the two flumes is adjusted by the automatic gradient adjustment component 13, and the confluence angle adjustment component 6 adjusts the confluence angle between the main stream flume 1 and the tributary flume 2. This increases the adaptability to natural river channels and solves the problems of traditional flumes having limited consideration of factors, long model modification time, and high economic costs. Furthermore, the forebay of the main stream and tributary flume structures is controlled by independent gates, and the computer control terminal monitors the unsteady flow rate over time. The data relationship is compiled into a flow-time variation data file, which is then output to the electronic valve 5 via a computer control terminal. The opening of the electronic valve 5 in front of the water tank is adjusted to transport water from the reservoir 3 to the model water tank, and the data is fed back to the monitoring component in real time to record and correct the inflow process. This is beneficial for simulating the changes in river water level fluctuations, gradient, and flow velocity under different non-steady flow conditions. Finally, the arrangement of the monitoring component can be automatically adjusted according to data measurement needs, thereby accurately measuring the water level fluctuation at the confluence of unsteady flows and recording the surface velocity and flow direction distribution at the confluence under different test conditions, ensuring the comprehensiveness and rationality of the data analysis.

[0052] The above disclosed is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, of course, cannot be limited by this to limit the scope of the present application, the person skilled in the art can understand that the implementation of all or part of the above-mentioned processes, and according to the equivalent changes of the claims of the present application, still belong to the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A measuring device for simulating unsteady flow at a river confluence, comprising a reservoir, a pump, a pipeline, and an electronic valve, wherein the input end of the pump is connected to the reservoir, the pipeline is connected to the output end of the pump, and the electronic valve is mounted on the pipeline, characterized in that, It also includes a main stream water tank, an automatic gradient adjustment component, a tributary water tank, a confluence angle adjustment component, and a monitoring component. The main stream water tank is connected to the pipeline and is located at the end of the pipeline away from the water pump. The automatic gradient adjustment component is used to raise or lower the gradient of the main stream water tank. The tributary water tank is movably connected to the main stream water tank. The confluence angle adjustment component is used to adjust the confluence angle of the water flow in the tributary water tank and the main stream water tank. The monitoring component is used to measure and record the water level fluctuation and the flow velocity distribution on the free surface of the water tank. The automatic gradient adjustment assembly includes an angle adjustment component, a support rod, a gradient adjuster, a connecting ring, and a pressure plate. The support rod is connected to the main water tank via the angle adjustment component. The gradient adjuster is fixedly connected to the support rod and located at the lower end of the support rod. The connecting ring is disposed on the gradient adjuster. The pressure plate is fixedly connected to the gradient adjuster and located on the side of the gradient adjuster away from the support rod. The angle adjustment component includes a support and an angle adjustment ring. The support is fixedly connected to the main water tank and located at the bottom of the main water tank. The angle adjustment ring is movably connected to the support and fixedly connected to the support rod.

2. The measuring device for simulating unsteady flow at river confluences as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring components include a moving component, a wave height meter, a monitor, a camera, and a tailgate. The wave height meter is mounted on the main channel via the moving component. The monitor is used in conjunction with the wave height meter to measure and record water level fluctuations. The camera is used to acquire the flow velocity distribution on the free surface of the channel. The tailgate is located on the main channel and is used to simulate the water level in front of the downstream power station dam.

3. The measuring device for simulating unsteady flow at river confluences as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The moving component includes a longitudinal slide rail assembly and a transverse slide rail assembly, the transverse slide rail assembly being used in conjunction with the longitudinal slide rail assembly to change the position of the wave height meter in the water tank.

4. The measuring device for simulating unsteady flow at river confluences as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The longitudinal slide rail assembly includes a pulley, a first connecting shaft, and a first control ring. The pulley is movably connected to the main water tank; the first connecting shaft is movably connected to the pulley; and the first control ring is fixedly connected to the first connecting shaft and is located on the side of the first connecting shaft away from the pulley.

5. The measuring device for simulating unsteady flow at river confluences as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The transverse slide rail assembly includes a second control ring, a second connecting shaft, and an auxiliary rod. The second control ring is connected to the first control ring via a steel pipe. The second connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the second control ring. The auxiliary rod is fixedly connected to the second connecting shaft and to the wave height meter.

6. A measurement method for a simulation test of unsteady flow at a river confluence, applicable to the measurement apparatus for a simulation test of unsteady flow at a river confluence as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Different numbers of wave height meters were installed in the main stream and tributary water tanks using longitudinal and transverse slide rail assemblies, respectively. Based on the characteristics of the main stream and tributaries, the gradient of the water tank and the confluence angle of the main stream and tributaries are adjusted by the automatic gradient adjustment component and the confluence angle adjustment component, respectively. The relationship between the flow rate of a non-constant flow and time is compiled into a data file of flow rate time variation using a computer control terminal; After the data file is compiled, it is output to the electronic valve through the computer control terminal, and the water pump is controlled to transport the water in the storage tank to the water tank. The effects of unsteady flow superposition and water level fluctuations at the confluence are monitored in real time using a wave height meter and a monitor, and the results are fed back to the computer control terminal. Multiple cameras automatically record the flow velocity and flow direction distribution in the test water tank using a tracing method.

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